WO1992007409A1

WO1992007409A1 - Rotor of brushless motor and its manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: WO1992007409A1
Application number: PCT/JP1991/001055
Authority: WO
Inventors: Takashi Nagate; Kenichi Endo; Yoshikazu Koike; Takeshi Seto; Yoshihiko Yamagishi
Original assignee: Seiko Epson Corporation
Priority date: 1990-10-19
Filing date: 1991-08-06
Publication date: 1992-04-30
Also published as: CA2093000A1

Abstract

In a rotor (7) of a brushless motor having permanent magnets, a yoke (21) is formed with plural laminated silicon steel plates (22), and, at least four, an even number of magnetic poles are provided on the outer surface of the yoke (21). For these magnetic poles, slots (25), (25) for installing field permanent magnets (30), (31) therein, are provided at equal distances from the center of the rotor every other magnetic pole. In the slots (25), (25), the field permanent magnets (30), (31) are so installed that the like magnetic poles face a rotary shaft (8). Thereby, the rotor (7) of the brushless motor can be reduced in size and has high efficiency, and the field permanent magnets (30), (31) do not break nor fly, even when the motor rotates at a high speed.

Description

Specification

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rotor for a brushless motor and a method for manufacturing the same.

The present invention relates to a brushless motor suitable for high-speed rotation with high efficiency, and more particularly, to a rotor thereof. Background art

Generally, in a brushless motor, a permanent magnet made of ferrite or the like is arranged on an outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical rotor.

For example, as shown in FIG. 28, the conventional brushless motor 1 has a motor case (stator) 2, and the motor case 2 has a cylindrical side wall 3 and before closing both ends of the side wall. It has a face plate 4 and a rear plate 5. Inside the side wall 3, a plurality of excitation coils 6 are arranged in a cylindrical shape and fixed to the wall surface. A rotating shaft 8 is concentrically fixed at the center of the rotor 7. The rotating shaft 8 protrudes from both ends of the rotor 7, and one end thereof is rotatably supported by a bearing 10 mounted in a hole 9 of the rear plate 5 of the motor case 2. The other end of the rotating shaft 8 is rotatably supported by a bearing 12 mounted on a hole 11 of the front plate 4 of the motor case 2. An annular magnetic pole sensor support member 13 is provided inside the side wall 3 of the motor case 2, and a plurality of magnetic pole sensors 14 are provided so as to be located near the surface of the rotor 7. It is held by member 13.

FIG. 29 shows a conventional rotor 7. In the rotor 7, the rotating shaft 8 is inserted into a cylindrical yoke 70, and the rotating shaft 8 and the yoke 7 are integrally formed. On the outer peripheral surface of the yoke 70, there are a pair of arc-shaped permanent magnets 71 magnetized with an N pole on the outside and an S pole on the inside, and a circle magnetized on the S pole on the outside and N pole on the inside. A pair of arc-shaped permanent magnets 72 are stuck alternately. In the brushless motor 1, the magnetic pole sensor 14 detects the position of the magnetic pole of the rotor 7, and a control circuit (not shown) supplies a current to the corresponding exciting coil 6 so that the current and the magnetic flux are mutually reciprocated. By the action, the rotor 7 is rotated. The magnetic pole position of the rotated rotor 7 is detected again by the magnetic pole sensor 14, and a current is supplied to a different exciting coil 6 by the control circuit, and the rotor 7 is driven to rotate again. By repeating the above operation, the rotor 7 rotates continuously, and its rotational force is taken out of the motor via the rotating shaft 8 as power.

Further, in the brushless motor 1, the permanent magnets 71, 72 attached to the rotor 7 have a large centrifugal force. A protective member 73 made of non-magnetic metal is provided to cover the permanent magnets. The presence of the protective member 73 prevents the permanent magnets 71 and 72 from being scattered by centrifugal force caused by high-speed rotation. ing.

However, in a brushless motor using a ferrite magnet, the maximum energy product is 3.3 MGOe and the residual magnetic flux density is as small as 3.8 KG. It is necessary to increase the permeance of the circuit, which requires a large number of magnets, which increases the size of the motor.

Also, when used in a scroll compressor that rotates at high speed, if the stress due to the centrifugal force associated with the high speed rotation is greater than the material strength of the permanent magnet or the fixing force of the magnet to the rotor, the permanent magnet is destroyed. The permanent magnet may be scattered.

Furthermore, when the rotor is covered with a protective member to prevent the scattering of the permanent magnet, not only does the manufacturing process of the rotor become complicated, but also the gap between the rotor and the stator substantially reduces the gap between the rotor and the stator. As a result, the magnetic resistance increases, the magnet density decreases, and the effect increases. There is a problem that the rate decreases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional brushless motor, and has been made to effectively solve the problems.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a brushless motor rotor that can be configured with a small size and high efficiency and that does not break down and scatter the permanent magnets even during high-speed rotation. Disclosure of the invention

The present invention is to improve a rotor of a brushless motor having a permanent magnet, in which a yoke is formed by a plurality of stacked silicon steel plates, and the yoke has at least four even-numbered magnetic poles on its outer periphery. These magnetic poles are provided with slots for arranging field permanent magnets at almost equal distances from the center every other magnetic pole, and these slots have the same surface facing the rotation axis. And a rotor of a brushless motor in which a field permanent magnet having the above magnetic poles is disposed.

With this configuration, it is possible to obtain a rotor having twice as many magnetic poles as the number of permanent magnets due to repulsion between the magnetic poles.

In addition, since the permanent magnet is inserted into the slot and is radially sandwiched between the magnetic permeability materials, it does not scatter due to high-speed rotation. This is not necessary, and iron loss due to the scattering prevention member can be eliminated, and the iron loss can be minimized because the yoke is made of laminated steel plates.

Furthermore, since the permanent magnet of the present invention is formed in a simple shape and does not require a high-accuracy surface finish, it is easy to process and the permanent magnet is extremely easy to manufacture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 【Figure 1】

Longitudinal sectional view of a brushless motor using the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention o

【Figure 2】

The perspective view of a permanent magnet rotor.

[Figure 3]

The front view of a silicon steel plate.

[Fig. 4]

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing magnetic lines of force of a permanent magnet rotor inside a brushless motor.

[Figure 5]

FIG. 9 shows the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a front view of a permanent magnet rotor in which the width of a magnetic pole is changed.

[Fig. 6]

Front view of the permanent magnet rotor of the third embodiment in which the magnetic pole is provided with a slit o

[Fig. 7]

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing magnetic lines of force inside a brushless motor of a permanent magnet rotor according to a third embodiment in which a slit is provided in a magnetic pole.

[Fig. 8]

FIG. 8 is a front view of a permanent magnet rotor having six magnetic poles, showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 9]

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which a bridge portion of a permanent magnet rotor is enlarged.

[Fig. 10]

FIG. 13 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view of a silicon steel sheet.

[Fig. 11]

Magnetic field analysis shows the flow of magnetic flux when the load torque acts FIG.

[Fig. 1 2]

FIG. 14 shows the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and is an exploded perspective view of a permanent magnet rotor. [Fig. 13]

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor shown in FIG. 12 after assembly.

[Fig. 14]

The figure showing the flow of the magnetic flux when assembled in a magnetic circuit.

[Fig. 15]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a brushless motor using a permanent magnet rotor described in a first embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 16]

FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a permanent magnet rotor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 17]

FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of a brushless motor using the permanent magnet rotor of the embodiment.

[Fig. 18]

9 is an exploded perspective view of a permanent magnet rotor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.o

[Fig. 19]

Sectional drawing orthogonal to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet rotor of the embodiment.

[Fig. 20]

Sectional drawing orthogonal to the rotation axis of the yoke which expanded and showed a part of yoke of the embodiment.

[Fig. 21]

Sectional drawing orthogonal to the rotation axis of the yoke which expanded and showed a part of yoke in the other example of the embodiment.

[Fig. 22]

FIG. 3 is an enlarged axial sectional view of a permanent magnet rotor according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 23]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet rotor according to a eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 24]

The perspective view of the permanent magnet rotor in the other example of the embodiment.

[Fig. 25]

The front view of the rotor which cuts and shows the rotating shaft of the embodiment.

[Fig. 26]

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing one step of the method of manufacturing the permanent magnet rotor according to the embodiment.

[Fig. 27]

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a skewed permanent magnet rotor.

[Fig. 28]

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example of a brushless motor.

[Fig. 29]

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional example of a permanent magnet rotor.

[Fig. 30]

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional example of a permanent magnet rotor having a protection member. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 shows a brushless motor having a permanent magnet rotor according to the present invention. And a motor case (stator) 2 surrounding the periphery, and the motor case 2 includes a cylindrical side wall 3, a front plate 4, and a rear plate 5. Inside the side wall 3, a plurality of excitation coils 6 are arranged in a cylindrical shape and fixed to the wall surface. A rotating shaft 8 is concentrically fixed to the center of the rotor 7. The rotating shaft 8 protrudes from both ends of the rotor 7, and one end of the rotating shaft 8 is It is rotatably supported via a bearing 10 mounted on the rear face plate 5. The other end of the rotating shaft 8 is rotatably supported via a bearing 12 mounted on the front plate 4 of the motor case 2. An annular magnetic pole sensor support member 13 is provided inside the side wall 3 of the motor case 2, and the plurality of magnetic pole sensors 14 are positioned so as to be located near the surface of the rotor 7. 1 is held in 3.

In the brushless motor 20, the magnetic pole sensor 14 detects the magnetic pole position of the rotor 7, and a control circuit (not shown) supplies a current to the corresponding exciting coil 6, and the interaction between the current and the magnetic flux The rotor 7 is rotated according to the application. The magnetic pole position of the rotated rotor 7 is detected again by the magnetic pole sensor 14, a current is supplied to a different exciting coil 6 by the control circuit, and the rotor 7 is driven to rotate again. By repeating the above operation, the rotor 7 rotates continuously, and its rotating force is taken out of the motor via the rotating shaft 8 as power.

FIG. 2 shows the rotor 7 of this embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows a silicon steel plate 22 constituting the rotor 7. The yoke 21 of the rotor 7 is formed by pressing a plurality of silicon steel plates 22 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 8 and pressing each other with the force-squeezed portions 23 that are embossed and depressed into a rectangular shape. Well, they are joined together.

The silicon steel plate 22 is made of a magnetically permeable material, the surface of which is coated with an inorganic insulating film, and is either 0.35 bandgap or 0.5 bandgear. As shown, 90 to each other. The two magnetic poles 24 a and 24 b have four arc-shaped tips protruding radially at an angle of two angles. Of these magnetic poles, two magnetic poles 24 a facing each other have permanent magnets 30 and 3. A pair of slots 25 for inserting 1 are provided symmetrically with respect to the rotation center. Since the slot 25 is provided in the magnetic pole 24a, the tip and the base of the magnetic pole 24a are connected by the bridges 26 at both ends of the slot. In addition, A rotating shaft opening 27 for inserting the rotating shaft 8 is provided at the center of the base steel plate 22, and a key groove 28 is provided at a peripheral portion of the rotating shaft opening 27. .

The rotating shaft 8 has a shape in which the central portion swells and fits into the rotating shaft opening 27 without any gap. After the silicon steel plates 22 are laminated on the body to form the yoke 21, the rotating shaft 8 is inserted into the rotating shaft opening 27. A key 29 is provided at the bulged central portion of the rotating shaft 8, this key is engaged with the key groove 28, and the rotor 7 is formed so as not to rotate separately with respect to the rotating shaft 8. .

In this embodiment, the yoke 21 is composed of a laminated silicon steel plate 22, but instead of the silicon steel plate 22, a cold-rolled steel material (SPCC material) is laminated and the yoke 21 is formed. May be formed.

In the yoke 21, a pair of permanent magnets 30 and 31 are inserted into a slot 25 with their N poles facing each other. Therefore, each of the permanent magnets 30 and 31 has a structure sandwiched in the radial direction by the silicon steel plate 22 which is a magnetic permeability material. Since the 3 ^ poles of the permanent magnets 30 and 31 oppose each other and repel each other, the magnetic poles 24a have S poles and 24b have N poles. Has a 4-pole rotor structure as a whole.

FIG. 4 shows the flow of the lines of magnetic force of the rotor 7 when the rotor 7 is inside the brushless motor 20. Lines of magnetic force emitted from the N pole of the permanent magnet 30 reach the S pole through the bridge 26, but since the bridge 26 has a sufficiently small width, the saturation magnetic flux density easily reaches the saturation magnetic flux density. A notch 24 'is provided between the adjacent S pole 24a and N pole 24b, and the lines of magnetic force are formed by the repulsion of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 30 and 31 whose identical poles face each other. As shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic flux exits from the magnetic pole surface of the magnetic pole 24 b, passes through the inside of the exciting coil 6, and reaches the south pole through the magnetic pole surface of the magnetic pole 24a. The force-squeezing portion 23 has a rectangular shape, and its long side is made of the magnetic material of the rotor 7 so as not to interfere with the lines of magnetic force. It is inclined at an angle of 45 ° to the direction.

As described above, in the present embodiment, a plurality of magnetic poles protruding radially are provided on a silicon steel plate, slots are provided at every other magnetic pole, and the same pole faces the rotation center in these slots. By inserting a permanent magnet, a rotor having twice the number of permanent magnets can be obtained due to repulsion between the magnetic poles.

Further, the permanent magnet of the present embodiment is formed in a simple shape, does not require a high-accuracy surface finish, is easy to process, and is extremely easy to manufacture.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 5, a part of the magnetic field lines coming out of the N pole of the permanent magnet 30 returns to the S pole without passing through the pole face of the pole 24b due to so-called magnetic flux leakage. When the width W1 of the surface is equal to the width W2 of the pole surface of the magnetic pole 24b, the total magnetic flux of the magnetic pole surface of the magnetic pole 24a is larger than that of the magnetic pole 24b. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the total magnetic flux of the magnetic pole surfaces of the magnetic poles 24a and 24b is made the same by increasing the width W2 of the magnetic pole surface of the magnetic pole 24b. Thereby, the generated torque can be made uniform.

Further, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a slit 33 is provided in each of the magnetic poles 24a and 24b in the same direction as the direction of the respective magnetism. Generally, the magnetic field lines exiting the N pole pass the shortest distance and reach the S pole Therefore, the magnetic flux density at the end of the pole face of the magnetic pole 24a is higher than that at the center as compared with FIG. 4 of the previous embodiment. On the other hand, by providing the slit 33 on the magnetic pole, it is possible to forcibly guide the lines of magnetic force and to move the magnetic pole along the slit 33 from the pole face.

FIG. 7 shows the flow of the magnetic field lines of this embodiment. The magnetic field lines emerging from the N pole of the permanent magnet 30 are guided by the slits 33 of the magnetic poles 24 b, pass through the exciting coil 6, and pass through the magnetic poles 2. 4 Return to the S pole of the permanent magnet 30 while being guided by the slit 33 of 4a. Due to the slits 33, the magnetic flux distribution is uniform on the same magnetic pole surface, the generated torque is equalized, the heat distribution of the permanent magnet rotor is improved, and the cooling area is increased. Obtainable.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a cross section of a rotor 7 having six magnetic poles. In this embodiment, each magnetic pole 24a, 24b, 24c is 60 mutually. The permanent magnets 34a, 34b, and 34c, which radially protrude at an angle and have an N pole disposed inside each other of these magnetic poles, are inserted. At the center of the yoke 21, there is provided a rotary shaft opening 27 for inserting the rotary shaft. The rotary shaft opening 27 has a keyway for preventing the rotary shaft from rotating with respect to the rotor. There are 28 provided.

Since the permanent magnets 34a, 34b, and 34c of this embodiment are arranged so that the N pole faces inward, the magnetic flux exiting the N pole is as shown in the figure. It is repelled by the N pole of another permanent magnet and reaches the S pole through the adjacent pole face. Thus, the magnetic pole having a permanent magnet has an S pole, and the magnetic pole having no permanent magnet has an N pole.

In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet is a cypress magnet made of an alloy of Praseodyum (Pr). However, a permanent magnet (Alnico magnet, Praseodyum magnet) and a sintered magnet (F: r light magnet, rare earth magnet) Stone) or resin-bonded magnet (ferrite magnet, rare earth magnet).

In addition, the permanent magnet is formed in a rectangular plate shape in which the length of a side coinciding with the axial direction of the rotor is twice to five times the length of the side in contact with the rotational direction of the rotor. ing. Since the cross-section is rectangular, it is easier to process than conventional tile-shaped magnets, and since it does not adhere to the outer periphery of the yoke, precise surface finishing can be omitted. it can. Further, since the permanent magnet is inserted into the slot 25 and is sandwiched in the radial direction by the high permeability material, the magnet is not scattered by the rotating force, and can be used for a high-speed motor. is there.

On the other hand, since the silicon steel plate 22 of the yoke 21 of the present invention is formed by press working, high productivity can be obtained, and a rotor having a precise outer diameter can be obtained. Therefore, an efficient motor can be obtained.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described.

In this embodiment, the bridge 26 is provided with a groove for restricting the passage of magnetic flux.

That is, in FIG. 9, which shows a part of the magnetic pole 24 a in an enlarged manner, a part of the magnetic flux exiting the N pole of the field permanent magnet 30 passes through the bridge 26 as shown in the figure. To reach the S pole side of the permanent magnet 30. Since the magnetic flux passing through the bridge 26 does not pass through the space outside the yoke 21, it does not cross the stator of the motor, and therefore does not generate any force for rotating the rotor. By reducing the magnetic flux passing through the bridge 26, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 30 can be used more effectively.

The magnetic flux Φ passing through the bridge 26 is calculated by the following equation. Assuming that the cross-sectional area of page 26 is S and the magnetic flux density of silicon steel plate 22 is B, Φ = BXS

Holds. From this equation, it is clear that the magnetic flux passing through the bridge 26 can be reduced by reducing the cross-sectional area S of the bridge 26.

In this embodiment, the bridge 26 is provided with a magnetic flux limiting groove 26a. The cross-sectional area of a part of the bridge 26 in which the groove 26a is cut becomes small. With this small cross-sectional area, the magnetic flux passing through the bridge 26 can be limited.

By providing the magnetic flux limiting grooves 26a in the bridges 26 and 26 respectively as described above, the magnetic flux passing through the bridges 26 and 26 is limited, and the magnetic force of the field permanent magnet is reduced. It can be used efficiently and a more efficient permanent magnet rotor 7 can be obtained.

In order to engrave the groove 26a for limiting the magnetic flux, first, each silicon steel plate 22 is formed by stamping, and then the silicon steel plates 22 are laminated to form the yoke 21. Then, grooves 26a, 26a are formed in the bridges 26, 26 of the formed yoke 21 by a grinder or the like. The process of forming the grooves 26a and 26a is easier than the die-cutting of the silicon steel plate 22 in terms of high-precision dimensional control, and the bridges 26 and 26 have extremely Small portions can be formed. As a result, the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention is easier to manufacture and can have a bridge portion having an extremely small cross-sectional area, as compared with a permanent magnet rotor having no groove in the bridge portion. .

Next, a sixth embodiment will be described.

In this embodiment, the bridge 26 is provided only on one side of the slot 25, and the bridge 26 is provided on the rotation direction side.

That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the slot 25 is a semi-closed type, that is, the bridge 26 that connects the pole piece 26 b and the base of the magnetic pole is cantilevered, and the shape is Point symmetry It has page 26 and no bridge on the other side.

The permanent magnets 30 and 31 are inserted axially into the slots 25 of the yoke 21 after laminating the silicon steel plates. As shown in Fig. 10, the silicon steel plate has a locking part 26c on the side where there is no bridge, and serves as a stopper after the permanent magnets 30 and 31 are inserted. Never jump out.

Figure 11 shows the flow of the magnetic flux when the erosion torque acts by magnetic field analysis. The width of the bridge 26 is the width through which the leakage magnetic flux flows, and the thickness of the permanent magnet 30 at which the leakage magnetic flux occurs at both ends.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the leakage magnetic flux flows in the page 26, and the magnetic flux is saturated in the prism and the pole piece in the vicinity thereof. Therefore, even when an in-feed current is applied, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnets 30 and 31 is not easily bent by the pole piece 26b. Therefore, the center of the magnetic pole on the outer periphery of the rotor is less likely to move due to the load, which makes it easier to introduce sensorless technology. In addition, since there is no leakage magnetic flux on the side without the bridge, the amount of magnetic flux is large on the left side of the center of the pole piece, and even if the magnetic flux leaks at the bridge, the total magnetic flux does not decrease significantly.

Next, a seventh embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, the ends 30 a and 31 a of the permanent magnets 30 and 31 facing the bridge 26 and the axial ends 30 b and 3 lb of the permanent magnet are It is covered with a non-magnetic material.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the spacer 32 is made of aluminum or non-magnetic stainless steel, and has a frame covering both ends of the permanent magnets 30 and 31 and both ends in the axial direction. The shape is. The size of the frame is such that a permanent magnet can fit inside, and its length is slightly smaller than the thickness of the magnet so that the magnet does not protrude when the magnet is inserted.

In the assembly, permanent magnets 30 and 31 are inserted into the spacer 32 in the direction of magnetization to be integrated, and then inserted into the slot 25 of the yoke 21. Figure 13 shows a cross-sectional view after assembly. Fig. 14 shows the flow of magnetic flux when incorporated in a magnetic circuit. As shown in the figure, there is a non-magnetic spacer 32 at both ends of the permanent magnet 30, so that magnetic flux does not easily flow there.Therefore, the magnetic flux emitted from the magnet hardly leaks, thus reducing the leakage magnetic flux The gap effective magnetic flux does not drop.

Furthermore, since the permanent magnet does not protrude, the magnet does not touch the slot of the yoke when the magnet and the spacer are inserted. As a result, the magnet surface is not damaged. There is no need to worry about this.

Next, an eighth embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the yoke 21 has a rotary shaft through hole 15 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft 8. The rotating shaft 8 is disposed substantially concentrically inside the inside, and a magnetic flux leakage prevention member 16 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 8 and the rotating shaft through hole 15 of the yoke 21. The yoke 21 and the rotating shaft 8 are integrally fixed via the magnetic flux leakage preventing member 16.

That is, in the brushless motor according to the first aspect, as shown in FIG. 15, the magnetic flux of the rotor 7 is generated by the repulsion of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 30 and 31 for the field. And crosses the stator core 17 as shown in the figure. The magnetic poles of the stator core 17 generate a rotating magnetic field due to the current flowing through the exciting coil 6. The permanent magnet rotor 7 is driven to rotate by the rotating magnetic field of the magnetic poles of the stator core 17.

The permanent magnet rotor 7 has a through hole for a rotating shaft having an inner diameter substantially equal to that of the rotating shaft 8 at the center of the yoke 21. When the permanent magnet rotor 7 is assembled, the yoke 21 is heated. After the above-mentioned through hole for a rotating shaft is thermally expanded, the rotating shaft 8 is press-fitted. When the yoke 21 is cooled after the press-fitting, the through hole for the rotating shaft of the yoke 21 is tightly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 8, and the yoke 21 is integrally fixed to the rotating shaft 8. When assembling a permanent magnet rotor having balance weights on both end faces of the yoke 21, after manufacturing the balance weights in separate processes, the rotating shaft is pressed into the through holes for the rotating shafts of the balance weight and the yoke in the same manner as above. I do.

In the permanent magnet rotor of the brushless motor developed by the applicant, a part of the magnetic flux may leak outside the axial end face of the permanent magnet rotor through the inside of the rotating shaft. If a part of the magnetic flux leaks, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet does not effectively contribute to the rotation of the motor because the magnetic flux does not cross the stator core, and the efficiency of the brushless motor may be reduced.

Therefore, the purpose of the eighth embodiment is to substantially prevent magnetic flux from leaking outside the axial end surface of the rotor in the permanent magnet rotor of the brushless motor developed by the applicant, and to provide a permanent manufacturing rotor that is easy to manufacture. It provides a magnet rotor.

That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the permanent magnet rotor 7 has a through hole 15 for the rotating shaft at the center, and a magnetic flux made of aluminum die-cast material between the yoke 21 and the rotating shaft 8. The yoke 21 has a leakage prevention member 16 and further has a balance plate 18 made of an aluminum die-cast material on both end surfaces. Since the aluminum / die-cast material has a property of blocking magnetic flux, the magnetic flux does not pass through the magnetic flux leakage preventing member 16 and the balance weight 18. For this reason, at both ends of the field permanent magnet, the magnetic flux extending through the inside of the rotating shaft 8 to the outside of both ends of the yoke 21 is caused by the magnetic flux leakage preventing member 16 and the balance ゥ: E unit 18. It is shut off and does not protrude outside the end faces of the yoke 21.

When this permanent magnet rotor 7 is used in a brushless motor, the magnetic flux passes in a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft 8 as shown in FIG. 17, and all the magnetic fluxes effectively cross the stator core 17. The brushless motor applies a current to the exciting coil 6 and applies a rotating magnetic field to the magnetic poles of the stator core 17. The permanent magnet rotor is driven to rotate by the interaction between the rotating magnetic field of the stator core and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet rotor.If the magnetic flux crossing the stator core is large, the rotational torque is increased. be able to. Therefore, according to the permanent magnet rotor 7 of the present embodiment, the magnetic fluxes of the field permanent magnets 30 and 31 do not protrude outside both end surfaces of the yoke 21 and all intersect with the stator core 17. Therefore, the magnetic flux can effectively contribute to the rotational force.

Further, in the permanent magnet rotor 7 of the present embodiment, the rotating shaft 8 is loosely inserted into the rotating shaft through hole 15, and the magnetic flux leakage prevention member 16 and the balance weight 18 are integrally formed of aluminum die-cast material. Therefore, the process of manufacturing the balance weight in a separate process and assembling it with the yoke to the permanent magnet rotor can be omitted. This makes it easy to manufacture the permanent magnet rotor 7.

In the above embodiment, the description has been given using the permanent magnet rotor having the balance weight. However, even with the permanent magnet rotor having only the magnetic flux leakage prevention member, the magnetic flux leakage prevention member cuts off the magnetic flux passing through the rotating shaft, and the motor efficiency is reduced. Can be improved.

Further, the magnetic flux leakage preventing member is not limited to the aluminum die-cast material, and the same effect can be obtained by using a material having a low magnetic permeability, for example, a resin.

Next, a ninth embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, a protruding portion that engages with the field permanent magnets 30 and 31 that are press-fit into the slot is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 21 that forms the slot 25.

In other words, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the inner peripheral edge of the silicon steel plate 22 forming the slots 25 and 25 has a plurality of triangular sides projecting inside the slot 25. Edge 36 is provided. As shown in the drawing, the surface permanent magnets 30 and 31 partially engage with the tip of the edge 36 when the press-fitting is performed, and are held inside the slot 25. Due to this edge 36, the permanent magnets 30 and 31 do not come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the slot 25. For this reason, when the permanent magnets 30 and 31 are pressed into the slot 25, the friction between the permanent magnets 30 and 31 and the slot 25 is small and the force can be pressed with a small force. .

After press-fitting, as shown in the figure, the outer peripheral surface of the permanent magnet engages with the tip of the edge, so that the permanent magnet does not fall off. Since the permanent magnet rotor 7 of the present embodiment does not hold the permanent magnets 30 and 31 inside the slot 25 with an adhesive, the permanent magnet rotor 7 may be used inside a refrigerant or a pressurized fluid. In this case, the adhesive does not dissolve in the refrigerant or the pressurized fluid, and the permanent magnet does not fall off.

As shown in FIG. 20, a force crimp portion 23 for integrally laminating the silicon steel plates 22 is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the silicon steel plates 22 forming the slots 25. The force crimping portion is formed by pressing a die so that a portion of the silicon steel plate is depressed. By providing this force-squeezed portion at the peripheral edge of the silicon steel sheet, the peripheral edge of the silicon steel sheet is deformed by the pressure of the mold, and as shown in the figure, protrudes into the slot 25 to form the edge 36. I do. By forming the page 36 in this way, a part of the step of forming the page is omitted, and the permanent magnet rotor 7 that is easier to manufacture can be obtained.

FIG. 21 shows a part of a yoke in still another example of the permanent magnet rotor of the present embodiment.

In this example, the edge 36 of the silicon steel plate 22 is formed by a triangular-shaped engaging portion 37 that engages with a field permanent magnet (not shown), and a triangular base of the engaging portion 37. Notches 38 provided on both sides. The triangular base of the engaging portion 37 is provided on the inner side of the yoke 21 from the inner peripheral portion of the silicon steel plate 22 forming the slot 25. Have been. The engaging portion 37 is connected to the inner peripheral portion of the silicon steel plate forming the slot 25 through the cutout 38.

In order to engage with the field permanent magnet, the edge projection must have an apex angle within a predetermined angle and a predetermined height. If the vertex angle of the edge projection is too large, a large force is required for press-fitting the field permanent magnet. If the edge does not have the predetermined height, the edge is deformed by the press-fit of the field permanent magnet, and the edge does not play its role. However, providing an edge having the apex angle and height under the above conditions at the periphery of the silicon steel sheet forming the slot reduces the cross-sectional area of the field permanent magnet that can be press-fitted into the slot, or reduces the opening of the slot. This is contrary to the demand for smaller and more efficient brushless motors.

Since the edge 36 has the engaging portion 37 and the cutout 38, the edge 36 does not have to increase the opening of the slot 25 or reduce the cross-sectional area of the field permanent magnet. It facilitates press-fitting of permanent magnets, and after press-fitting, effectively engages with permanent magnets to prevent falling off.

Although the above description has been made using the triangular-shaped edge as the projecting portion that engages with the field permanent magnet, the shape of the projecting portion is not limited to this. It may be a formed protrusion.

The yoke is not made of laminated silicon steel sheets, but is formed from an integral metal, has a slot into which a permanent magnet for field is inserted, and a permanent magnet for field on the inner peripheral surface of the slot. It may be provided with a protruding portion that engages with.

Next, a tenth embodiment will be described.

In the present embodiment, field permanent magnets 30 and 31 shorter than the axial length of the yoke 21 are inserted into the slots 25, and are inserted into the hollow portions of the slots after the field permanent magnets are inserted. The deviation of the center of gravity of the object driven by rotation According to the present invention, a putty material is filled according to the above conditions, and a parcel weight 39 is formed by the solidified putty material.

That is, FIG. 22 shows a permanent magnet rotor 7 provided with a balance weight, and the permanent magnet rotor 7 has a length of the field permanent magnets 30 and 31 of the yoke 21. Therefore, the yoke 21 has a hollow portion in the slot 25 of the yoke 21. As shown in the figure, the cavity is filled with a putty material in which fine metal particles and resin are mixed, and the putty material is solidified to form a balance weight 39.

As described above, since the balance weights 39, 39 are provided on the different sides of the field permanent magnets 30, 31 inside the yoke 21 of the permanent magnet rotor 7, the yoke 21 The center of gravity is displaced at both ends of the yoke 21 to prevent tuning of the vibration mode of the entire system including the rotating shaft and the eccentric rotor, and absorb the vibration of the eccentric rotor due to rotation. .

In FIG. 22, the weights of the balance weights 39, 39 are adjusted so as to achieve the above-mentioned purpose. In other words, the balance weights 39, 39 adjust the ratio of the metal particles to the resin of the putty material so as to cancel the tuning of the vibration mode of the entire system including the rotating shaft and the eccentric rotor. Filled in the cavity of 5. Alternatively, the amount of putty may be adjusted to form balance weights 39 of different sizes. The putty material may be an aluminum die-cast, in addition to a putty material composed of metal particles and a resin.

As described above, since the balance weight of the permanent magnet rotor of the present embodiment is formed inside the yoke, there is no protrusion of the balance weight on the outer surface of the yoke, and the protrusion of the balance weight is rotated during rotation. There is no resistance. Furthermore, since the parlance weight is provided inside the yoke, the parcel weight does not scatter due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the permanent magnet. By this In addition, it is possible to obtain a permanent magnet rotor that has high rotational drive efficiency and completely prevents accidents in which the balance sheet is scattered.

Next, a first embodiment will be described.

In this embodiment, a cooling structure is added to the rotor.

That is, in FIG. 23, the heat pipes 19, 19 are embedded in the yoke 21 so as to be in contact with the permanent magnets 30, 31. The heat pipe 19 is filled with hydraulic fluid, and the hydraulic fluid is used for the replacement. To explain this in detail, the heat pipe 19 which has received heat inside the yoke from the heat receiving part inserted into the yoke 21 exchanges heat with the outside air at the heat radiating part projecting from the yoke, and the heat pipe 19 The hydraulic fluid returns to the ripening section again. In this way, the heat pipe 19 constantly discharges the internal heat of the permanent magnet and the yoke to the outside to cool the permanent magnet rotor.

FIGS. 24 and 25 show the case where the rotating shaft 8 is a heat pipe shaft. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain a permanent magnet rotor that is fully closed and capable of releasing ripening to the outside. In this case, the yoke can be made of a sintered alloy, lump iron, or cold-rolled steel (SPC C).

Next, the method for manufacturing the rotor according to the present invention will be described in detail. As is apparent from the above description, the permanent magnet rotor according to the present invention forms a yoke having a slot into which a permanent magnet for a field is inserted. On the other hand, a permanent magnet for the field having a shape matching the slot of the yoke is formed, and the permanent magnet for the field is press-fitted into the slot of the yoke.

In other words, in the permanent magnet rotor 7, the yoke 21 and the field permanent magnets 30 and 31 are manufactured separately, and the manufactured field permanent magnet is inserted into the yoke to make the permanent magnet. The rotor 7 is formed. Shake 21 is formed by laminating a number of silicon steel plates 22. You. Each silicon steel plate 22 is die-cut into a shape having magnetic poles 24 (24 a, 24 b, 24 c) on the outer periphery and having openings inside the magnetic poles through which field permanent magnets penetrate. ing. Further, each silicon steel plate 22 is provided with a force crimp portion 23 which is embossed and depressed into a rectangle.

The press-fitted portions 23 of the silicon steel plates 22 are pressed into each other, whereby the silicon steel plates 22 are integrally joined to form the yoke 21. The openings of the silicon steel plate 22 are overlapped to form a slot 25 for inserting the field permanent magnets 30 and 31.

On the other hand, a permanent magnet for a field magnet is first kneaded with a powder of a magnetic substance and an epoxy binder, put into a mold, and formed into a predetermined shape in a magnetic field. The formed field permanent magnet is hardened by heat treatment, and the surface thereof is cut so as to be aligned with the slot 25 of the yoke 21, and the field permanent magnets 30, 31 for assembly are formed. Become.

The above-mentioned permanent magnet for field is press-fitted into the slot 25 of the yoke 21 to complete the permanent magnet rotor 7.

Next, it is possible to manufacture a permanent magnet rotor having a permanent magnet for a field having a complicated shape, and the field permanent magnet is not damaged at the time of assembling the permanent magnet rotor, and the brushless motor is easy to manufacture. Another manufacturing method of the permanent magnet rotor will be described.

That is, the manufacturing method is such that a slot for arranging a field permanent magnet is provided inside a yoke of a permanent magnet rotor of a brushless motor, and a powder of a crushed magnetic substance and an epoxy binder are provided inside the slot. The magnetic powder and the epoxy binder are compressed in a magnetic field applied in a radiation direction with respect to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet rotor, and heat-cured after compression molding to form a yoke. The permanent magnet for the field is formed directly inside the slot.

FIG. 26 shows a step of forming a field permanent magnet in the slot 25. The yoke 21 is arranged on the upper surface of the pedestal 42 having the coil 41 as shown in the figure. The top of the yoke 21 has a slot A jig 40 having a compression opening 43 and a compression piston 44 having the same shape as the gate 25 is arranged. The jig 40 is provided with a coil 45. The raw material 46 of the permanent magnet in which the magnetic powder and the epoxy binder are mixed is loaded into the slot 25 of the yoke 21. Since the volume of the raw material 46 of the permanent magnet is reduced by the compression, the raw material 46 is charged in advance so as to be larger than the volume of the slot 25, and a part thereof is expanded into the compression opening 43 of the jig 40.

A current is passed through the coils 41 and 45, and as shown in the figure, the magnetic flux passes through the center of the yoke 21 and the raw material of the permanent magnet 46 loaded from the inside to the outside of the slot 25 To form a magnetic field that intersects with Next, the compression piston 44 is forcibly moved in the direction P as shown in the figure by means of hydraulic pressure or the like, and the raw material 46 for the permanent magnet is compressed to form a field permanent magnet.

After the above-mentioned compression molding, the yoke 21 is removed from the jig 40 and the pedestal 42, subjected to a hardening treatment at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 15 CTC, and a magnetic field in the yoke 21 is formed. The permanent magnet for use.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 4 and the like, a permanent magnet for field is formed inside the slot 25 of the permanent magnet rotor 7. The permanent magnet for the field is magnetized to the S pole on the inside and the N pole on the outside due to the magnetic field during compression molding. Since the field permanent magnets 30 and 31 face the pole faces having the same magnetism to each other, they repel each other and the magnetic flux exits from the pole 24 a of the yoke 21 as shown in the figure. To magnetic pole 24. This magnetic flux intersects with the stator of the motor disposed near the outer peripheral surface of the yoke (not shown), and drives the permanent magnet rotor 7 by interaction with the stator.

As described above, according to the method of manufacturing the permanent magnet rotor of the present embodiment, the permanent magnet for the field can be directly formed inside the yoke. It will not be damaged during the press-fitting process. In addition, for the field of the complicated shape inside the yoke A permanent magnet can be formed, especially in a skewed (skΘw) permanent magnet rotor in which the magnetic poles of the yoke gradually rotate along the axis of the permanent magnet rotor. Is remarkable o

As shown in FIG. 27, in the skewed permanent magnet rotor 7, a large number of silicon steel plates 22 are stacked while being rotated by a small angle with respect to the rotation axis 8. The slot 25 of the permanent magnet rotor 7 is spirally curved inside the permanent magnet rotor 7. Even for the slot 25 having such a complicated shape, the field permanent magnets 30 and 31 can be formed directly inside the slot 25 by the same method as described with reference to FIG. it can.

In the above embodiment, the yoke has a pair of permanent magnets for the field, and the permanent magnet for the field has four magnetic poles which alternately have N and S magnetism on the outer peripheral surface due to repulsion between the permanent magnets for the field. Although the description has been given using the rotor, the method of manufacturing the permanent magnet rotor of the brushless motor of the present invention is not limited to the permanent magnet rotor having the above structure. That is, in a permanent magnet rotor having an arbitrary number of magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface or a permanent magnet rotor having a field permanent magnet on each magnetic pole, similarly, the field permanent magnet is directly formed inside the yoke. Can be.

Further, although the embodiment has been described using the field permanent magnet having a rectangular cross section, the cross sectional shape of the field permanent magnet may be arbitrary.

According to the above-described manufacturing method, an easy and efficient permanent magnet rotor can be obtained. According to this manufacturing method, there is no need to cut the permanent magnet during the manufacturing process. In addition, permanent magnets are not damaged in the manufacturing process, so permanent magnets can be used effectively

0

In addition, since the permanent magnet for the field is formed directly inside the slot of the yoke, it is possible to cope with a slot having a complicated shape. In addition to easily forming field permanent magnets with complex cross-sections, the slot inside the yoke Thus, an easy manufacturing method can be obtained even for a permanent magnet rotor in which the rotor is curved. Industrial applicability

As described above, the use of the permanent magnet rotor according to the present invention makes it possible to implement a brushless motor that has a simple structure, is low in efficiency, and is suitable for high-speed rotation.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. In a rotor of a brushless motor having a permanent magnet, a yoke is formed by a plurality of stacked silicon steel plates, and the yoke has at least four even-numbered magnetic poles on its outer periphery. Slots for placing permanent magnets for magnets are provided at almost equal distances from the center for every magnetic pole, and this slot has a magnetic field on the side facing the rotating shaft so that it has the same magnetism. A rotor of a brushless motor characterized by a permanent magnet.

2. For the permanent magnet, use one of a structured Alnico magnet, a structured Brassodium magnet, a sintered ferrite magnet, a sintered rare earth magnet, a resin-bonded ferrite magnet, and a resin-bonded rare-earth magnet. The rotor of the brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein:

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the width of the pole face of the magnetic pole in which the permanent magnet is inserted is set to be smaller than the width of the pole face of the magnetic pole in which the permanent magnet is not inserted. Brushless motor driver.

4. The brushless motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein each magnetic pole is provided with a slit so that the distribution of magnetic flux on the magnet surface is uniform.

5. The bridge which exists at both ends of the slot and connects the tip of the magnetic pole and the base of the magnetic pole has a width small enough to saturate the density of the magnetic flux passing through the bridge. A rotor for the brushless motor according to claim 1.

6. The brushless device according to claim 1, wherein a groove, which is provided at both ends of the slot and connects a tip portion of the magnetic pole and a base portion of the magnetic pole, restricts passage of magnetic flux. Motor rotor

7. The bridge according to claim 1, wherein a bridge connecting the tip of the magnetic pole and the base of the magnetic pole is provided on only one side of the slot, and the bridge exists on the rotation direction side. The rotor of the brushless motor described in the item.

8. The brushless brush according to claim 7, wherein the width of the bridge is set to an area where the leakage magnetic flux flows, and the permanent magnet has a thickness at which the leakage magnetic flux is generated at both ends. Motor rotor.

9. The brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein an end of the permanent magnet on the side facing the bridge and both ends in an axial direction of the permanent magnet are covered with a non-magnetic material. Rotor.

10. The yoke has a through hole for the rotating shaft having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is disposed substantially concentrically inside the through hole for the rotating shaft. A magnetic flux leakage prevention member is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the rotation shaft and the through hole for the rotation shaft of the yoke, and the yoke and the rotation shaft are integrally fixed via the magnetic flux leakage prevention member. The rotor of the brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the yoke has balance weights at both end surfaces thereof, and the balance weight and the magnetic flux leakage preventing member are integrally formed of an aluminum die-cast material. A rotor of the brushless motor described in the item.

12. The brushless motor rotor according to claim 10, wherein the magnetic flux leakage preventing member is made of a resin.

13. The inner peripheral surface of the yoke forming the slot is provided with a protrusion that engages with the permanent magnet that is press-fitted into the slot. Rotor of brushless motor.

14. A plurality of laminated silicon steel plates are partially depressed, and the depressed portions are fitted into the depressed portions of other silicon steel plates to be laminated integrally, thereby forming a lamination force crimping portion. And the protrusion is adjacent to the slot 14. The brushless motor rotor according to claim 13, wherein the rotor is formed by a peripheral portion of a silicon steel plate deformed by a caulking portion provided.

15. The projecting portion has a triangular engaging portion that engages with the permanent magnet, and the triangular base of the engaging portion is located inside the yoke rather than the inner peripheral surface of the yoke forming the slot. And that both sides of the triangular shape of the engaging portion are continuous with the inner peripheral surface of the yoke forming the slot through a notch portion that secures the height of the projection of the engaging portion. A rotor for the brushless motor according to claim 13.

16. A permanent magnet shorter than the axial length of the yoke is inserted into the slot, and the cavity of the slot after the insertion of the permanent magnet is filled with a putty material in accordance with the displacement of the center of gravity of the driven object. 2. The brushless motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein a balance weight is formed by the solidified putty material.

17. The brushless motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein a heat pipe is embedded in the yoke so as to be in contact with the permanent magnet.

18. The brushless motor rotor according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is a heat pipe shaft.

19. A slot for arranging permanent magnets for the field is provided in the yoke of the rotor of the brushless motor having the permanent magnets, and the inside of the slots is filled with a mixture of ground magnetic powder and epoxy binder. Then, the powder of the magnetic material and the epoxy binder are compressed in a magnetic field applied almost radially to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet, heat-treated after compression molding, and directly bound inside the slot of the yoke. A method for manufacturing a rotor of a brushless motor, wherein a permanent magnet for magnet is formed.

20. Die-cut a silicon steel plate into a shape that has a magnetic pole part on the outer periphery and an opening inside the magnetic pole part that allows a field permanent magnet to penetrate. A large number of silicon steel plates are laminated on the same axis in the same direction to form a permanent magnet yoke. Inside the slot formed by the opening of the silicon steel plate, the pulverized magnetic material powder and epoxy binder The magnetic material powder and the epoxy binder are compressed in a magnetic field applied almost radially with respect to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet, and then subjected to a thermosetting treatment after the compression molding, so that the inside of the slot of the yoke is filled. A method for manufacturing a rotor of a brushless motor, characterized in that a permanent magnet for a direct magnetic field is formed.

21. Die-cut a silicon steel plate into a shape having a magnetic pole part on the outer periphery and an opening inside the magnetic pole part to allow a field permanent magnet to penetrate, and set each silicon steel plate at a predetermined minute angle with respect to the rotation axis. The yoke is formed by laminating each piece while rotating it, and a kneaded mixture of ground magnetic powder and epoxy binder is loaded inside a spiral slot formed by an opening in a silicon steel plate. Permanent magnets for the field are directly compressed into the slots of the yoke by compressing the powder of the above-mentioned substance and the epoxy binder in a magnetic field applied substantially in the radiation direction with respect to the rotation axis of the magnet, and then subjecting them to a hardening treatment after compression molding. A method for manufacturing a rotor of a brushless motor, characterized in that the rotor is formed.