WO1992009456A1

WO1992009456A1 - Impact-protection cell for air and land vehicles

Info

Publication number: WO1992009456A1
Application number: PCT/EP1991/002125
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christof Kindervater
Original assignee: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
Priority date: 1990-11-24
Filing date: 1991-11-09
Publication date: 1992-06-11
Also published as: EP0513258A1; DE4037485A1

Abstract

The invention concerns an impact-protection cell (12) with an impact-sensitive interior (10) and a cell wall (30), exposed to impacts, surrounding this interior. The aim of the invention is to improve the cell so that, in the event of an impact, as much of the impact energy as possible will be absorbed. To achieve this, the invention proposes that the wall of the cell which is exposed to impacts is fitted with an inflatable airbag (26) which, in the normal (stowed) position, is folded against the cell wall and which, in the impact-reduction position, is unfolded to extend beyond the exterior of part of the cell wall.

Description

Security vehicle compartment

The invention relates to a vehicle cell with an interior which is sensitive to impact and with cell walls which are at risk of impact and surround this interior.

In the case of a large number of vehicle cells, in particular occupant cells of airplanes and automobiles, there is a need for designs which absorb as much energy as possible in the event of an impact on a body and thus protect the occupants of the vehicle cell, for example.

The possibility of providing deformation zones in the respective vehicle cells for this purpose is generally known, the energy being absorbed by the material deformation.

In many cases, however, due to the structural conditions, there is no possibility of providing deformation zones with a sufficiently large deformation path, so that in these areas sufficient impact energy cannot be absorbed. Examples of this are the occupant cells of airplanes, in which cross-sectional enlargements are not possible for reasons of aerodynamics, or the side walls of motor vehicle cells, which, likewise due to the given dimensions, cannot be made with the required thickness.

The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a vehicle cell of the generic type in such a way that it absorbs as much impact energy as possible in the event of an impact on a body.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a vehicle cell of the type described at the outset in that an impact-prone cell wall is provided with an inflatable impact bag, that the impact bag is folded up in a normal position in the cell wall and that the impact bag is deployed in an impact-absorbing position and extends beyond an outside of the cell wall.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in the fact that, by using the impact bag as an energy absorption element, cell walls are also provided with impact protection, the dimensions of which do not allow a large deformation path in the direction of impact.

A particularly advantageous solution provides that the baffle bag in the folded state is under a cover lying in the normal position on the cell wall, that the cover is detachable from the cell wall and that by unfolding the baffle bag the cover into the cell from the outside lifted impact support position supported by the impact bag can be brought. This additional measure advantageously allows the impact bag to be protected by the cover.

It is particularly favorable if the cover is designed as a dimensionally stable element.

In this case, the shape of the cover provides even better and more effective protection for the impact bag, and moreover the dimensionally stable cover means that it can slide relative to the body with which the impact occurs and therefore no additional accelerations the vehicle cell act.

A solution in which the cover forms a segment of the cell outer wall is particularly advantageous in terms of construction. In this case, in particular in the case of a dimensionally stable cover, this can serve as a segment of the outer cell wall in its normal position and can bring about the advantages already described in its impact absorbing position.

One possibility of arranging the cover on the cell wall is that the cover is placed on an outside of the cell wall in the normal position. In this case, the cell wall does not need to be changed and the cover is placed on it as a separate part.

An alternative to this provides that the cover in the normal position is flush on the entire side with the cell exterior surrounding it. As a result, the cover can be fully integrated into the cell wall and is a partial area of the cell wall in the normal position. In order to move the cover from the normal position into the impact-absorbing position, an advantageous embodiment provides that the cover can be moved away from the cell wall with the area rearward in the direction of movement of the vehicle cell.

This can be achieved in a structurally simple manner in that the cover is mounted on the cell wall with a joint and can be pivoted from the normal position into the impact absorbing position. The cover in the impact absorbing position is advantageously inclined relative to its normal position. The advantage of these solutions is that the inclination of the cover allows the vehicle cell to be moved further in its direction of movement, and in particular that the cover can slide over the body with which the collision occurs.

Alternatively, it is expediently provided that the cover can be lifted off the cell wall on all sides.

It is particularly expedient if the cover is oriented approximately parallel to its normal position in the impact absorbing position. This ensures that regardless of the contact of the body with which the impact occurs, the desired absorption of impact energy takes place with the cover.

In the exemplary embodiments described so far, it has not been discussed in detail how the impact bag is to be arranged. A particularly preferred exemplary embodiment provides that the impact bag lies in a container provided on the cell wall. The container is preferably formed by a recess in the cell wall.

A particularly expedient construction provides that the impact bag in the unfolded state is designed as a bellows extending between a base and the cover.

This bellows can be designed in a wide variety of ways. For example, it is conceivable that the impact bag extends in a wedge shape between the bottom and the cover in the unfolded state. This shape of the impact bag is particularly favorable if the cover is held on the cell wall with a joint. However, it is also possible to use this shape of the impact bag when the cover can be lifted off the cell wall on all sides.

As an alternative to this, another embodiment provides that the impact bag extends approximately in a cylindrical shape between the base and the cover in the unfolded state.

In the exemplary embodiments described so far, nothing was said about whether and how the cover is connected to the vehicle cell when the impact bag is unfolded. In the simplest case, only a connection of the cover to the cell wall via the impact bag is provided, which for example forms a bellows between the cover and the cell wall.

In order to increase the loads of the impact bag due to one-sided loading of the cover or due to forces acting parallel to an outside of the cover, and thus possible tearing of the same prevent, in an advantageous variant of the solution according to the invention it is provided that the cover in the impact absorbing position is connected to the vehicle cell by strut elements. These bracing elements offer the possibility of absorbing additional forces acting on the impact bag and thus protecting the impact bag from tearing, so that the impact bag only has to absorb the pressure from the gas inside it.

An advantageous solution provides that the strut elements are designed such that they receive force components directed parallel to an outer surface of the cover. In this case, the strut elements are preferably tension elements that extend in the diagonal direction of the unfolded impact bag.

In particular, such force components are those which are directed parallel to a direction of movement of the vehicle cell.

As an alternative or in addition to this, the strut elements are designed in such a way that they accommodate force components directed away from the vehicle cell. Such force components occur particularly when the cover is acted upon from one side or strong forces parallel to an outside of the cover and expose the impact bag to the risk of tearing.

In addition to this, it is advantageous if the strut elements are provided with a tensile energy absorber, which permits elongation of the respective strut element while absorbing energy and thus stabilizes the cover on the one hand and forms an additional energy-absorbing element on the other hand. In connection with the previous explanation of the exemplary embodiments, it was not discussed how the impact bag should be deployable. An advantageous solution provides that the impact bag can be deployed with a pyrotechnic gas generator.

In order to always trigger the deployment of the impact bag at the correct point in time, a controller which initiates the deployment of the impact bag is advantageously provided.

In the simplest case, this control is provided with a manual trigger. Alternatively or in addition, it is advantageously provided that the control has an acceleration sensor. This acceleration sensor is expediently set such that it unfolds the impact bag when a certain acceleration is exceeded to enlarge the vehicle cell.

As an alternative or in addition to this, it is also advantageous within the scope of the present invention if the control has a load sensor which responds to the exceeding of a certain load.

Another alternative that can be used as an alternative or in addition to the previous sensors provides that the control is provided with a proximity sensor.

In the case of a control system for the vehicle cell according to the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the control system is designed in such a way that it unfolds the impact bag before being touched on impact. Such a design of the vehicle cell offers the advantage that the deformation zone available when the impact bag is fully unfolded can be used, which is essential for optimal energy absorption, so that, in contrast to those in FIGS "Airbag systems" known in another context, the impact bag does not first unfold when the acceleration forces occur on the vehicle cell, but rather before the acceleration forces caused by an impact occur.

In addition, as an alternative or in addition to the previous solutions, it is conceivable for the sensor to be a speed sensor. In this case, the control is expediently constructed such that it unfolds the impact bag when a minimum speed of an approaching object is exceeded.

In order to avoid false triggering of the impact bag, it is advantageously provided that the cell wall has two sensors which are arranged at a distance from one another, these being in particular switched such that the control only unfolds the impact bag when both sensors are displayed identically.

The design of the vehicle cell as such was not specified in the context of the exemplary embodiments explained so far. One exemplary embodiment provides that the interior is an occupant space. The occupants are preferably seated in the passenger compartment. In this case, it is expedient if the impact bag is arranged in the area of a seat in the interior, in order in particular to protect the occupant sitting on the seat. An advantageous application example of the vehicle cell according to the invention provides that it is the occupant cell of an aircraft. In this exemplary embodiment, the impact bag is advantageously arranged in the region of a seat in order to protect the occupant sitting on the seat against the underside of the vehicle cell from hitting the floor.

Another advantageous application of the vehicle cell according to the invention provides that the impact bag is arranged in a side region of the motor vehicle, the vehicle cell representing the occupant cell of the motor vehicle. Since the doors are generally arranged in the side region of the motor vehicle, this exemplary embodiment also provides that the impact bag is arranged on a door of the motor vehicle.

Since, in particular, the lower side areas of the motor vehicle are at risk of impact, in one embodiment it is provided that the impact bag is arranged in a sill area of the motor vehicle.

In this case, the cover is preferably a sill cover.

In addition, it is particularly advantageous in the case of motor vehicles if a plurality of impact bags are arranged in the side region of the motor vehicle, so that a larger region than, for example, the door of the motor vehicle can be protected against impact. In particular, in order to also intercept rotational movements of two motor vehicles colliding with one another, in an improved embodiment, the deployment of the other impact bags is triggered after a crash bag, upon which the impact occurs immediately, is unfolded.

Another advantageous exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention provides that when the impact bag is triggered, a impact bag lying on the occupant is triggered, so that the occupant is simultaneously held in its seat in the event of an impact.

In the context of the present invention, it is particularly advantageous if the impact bag is designed such that it retains its volume over a certain period of time in the unfolded state. This has the great advantage that the impact bag can be deployed before the impact and that the period between the deployment of the impact bag and the impact is not critical, since the impact bag maintains the gas inside it for a certain period of time and thus its Effect is not dependent on the time period between the deployment and the impact.

A particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the impact bag is essentially closed and thus holds the gas inside it.

Since after an impact an essential element of the solution according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the impact bag absorbs energy by blowing out the gas in the impact bag, an advantageous further development of an impact bag in such an embodiment provides that the impact bag has a closed blow-out opening that opens after impact impact. Such a solution is possible, for example, in that the blow-out opening is closed with a cover which can be released by a predetermined breaking point, the cover being held releasably, for example, by an adhesive connection which represents the predetermined breaking point.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawing of an exemplary embodiment. The drawing shows:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a first exemplary embodiment of a vehicle cell according to the invention with an impact bag in the normal position;

2 shows a section similar to FIG. 1 through the first exemplary embodiment with the impact bag in the impact-absorbing position;

3 shows a section similar to FIG. 1 through a first variant of the first exemplary embodiment;

4 shows a cross section through a second variant of the first exemplary embodiment;

5 shows a side view of a second exemplary embodiment of a vehicle cell according to the invention;

Fig. 6 is a section along line 6-6 in Fig. 5;

7 shows a section similar to FIG. 6 through a first variant of the second exemplary embodiment; 8 shows a plan view of a second variant of the second exemplary embodiment in a first moment of the impact;

9 is a top view after the immediate impact;

10 shows a section similar to FIG. 6 through a third variant of the second exemplary embodiment.

11 shows a section similar to FIG. 5 through a fourth variant of the second exemplary embodiment;

12 shows a section similar to FIG. 6 through the fourth variant of the second exemplary embodiment;

13 shows a section similar to FIG. 6 through a fifth variant of the second exemplary embodiment;

14 shows a section through a third exemplary embodiment.

An embodiment of a vehicle cell according to the invention, in this case an occupant cell of a glider designated as a whole by 10, comprises a cell body designated as a whole by 12 with a hatch 14 which can be closed by a hood 16. A seat 18 is arranged in the cell body 12, on which the pilot of the glider sits in a semi-lying position as the occupant 20. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in a bottom region 22 of the cell body under the seat 18 there is provided a container 24 for an impact bag 26, which is formed by a recess 28 in a cell wall 30 forming the bottom region 22 and with a cover 32 is closed in the normal position, the cover 32 being inserted into the recess 28 such that its outside 34 is flush with a cell wall outside 36 of the cell wall 30.

Opposite the cover 32, the recess 28 is delimited by a base plate 38, which is held on the cell wall 30 and is set back in relation to the cell wall outside 36.

The impact bag 26 is arranged folded in the container 24 in the normal position. Furthermore, a pyrotechnic gas generator 40 is provided in the impact bag 26, which causes the impact bag 26 to unfold after it has been triggered.

To trigger the gas generator 40, a controller 42 is provided, which is connected to a manual trigger 44 and a sensor 46, wherein the deployment of the impact bag 26 with the gas generator 40 can be triggered via the trigger 44 and also via the sensor 46 and the controller 42 .

The sensor 46 is preferably an acceleration sensor which detects acceleration forces acting in a vertical plane spanned by an X and a Z direction and triggers the gas generator 40 via the controller 42 when a preset value is exceeded. As an alternative to this, the sensor 46 can also be a proximity sensor, which triggers the gas generator 40 for the control 42 from a certain approach speed of the occupant cell 10 with respect to the earth's surface.

The hand release 44 is in turn arranged in an area within the interior of the occupant cell 10 that is easily accessible by the occupant.

To unfold the impact bag 26 shown in FIG. 1 in its normal position from the container 24, the cover 32 is pivotally mounted on its front edge in the direction of flight with a hinge 48 on the cell wall 30 in the base region 22, so that the cover 32 can be removed from the Recess 28 can be pivoted out about this joint 48 into the impact absorbing position.

This impact absorbing position is shown in Fig. 2. In this, the cover 32 is pivoted relative to its normal position by a definable angle through the deployed impact bag 26, the impact bag 26 forming a wedge in the deployed state, which supports the cover 32 against the base plate 38.

This deployment of the impact bag 26 takes place in periods known from commercial "air bag systems" which are approximately 30 msec.

In its unfolded state, the impact bag 26 forms a wedge under the seat 18, with which impact energy can be absorbed, so that impact loads acting on the occupants 20 can be prevented. In order to regulate the folding of the folding bag 26, it is additionally provided with ventilation openings 50, which are dimensioned in accordance with the desired energy absorption.

Furthermore, the articulated mounting of the cover 32, which is preferably made of the same material as the cell body 12, usually protects a laminate shell in gliders, once the impact bag 26, from being destroyed by hard objects, for example branches or stones. so that there is no uncontrolled folding of the impact bag, but rather the desired energy absorption, controlled via the ventilation openings 50. In addition, the cover 32 ensures that the occupant cell 10 still has the desired slip ability, which is also necessary to avoid the fuselage of the fuselage or the undesired braking decelerations in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the occupant cell.

In addition, the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 also makes it possible to continue the flight without a loss of safety if the impact bag 26 is unfolded by mistake.

In a variant of the first exemplary embodiment of one of the occupant cells 10 of a glider, in addition to the impact bag 26 to reduce the impact of the occupant cell 10 on the earth, an occupant impact bag 52 is provided which, in the folded normal state, is arranged in the form of a mushroom 54 in the foot area of the occupant 20 is and drawn in solid in Fig. 3 unfolded state unfolds towards the thigh and upper body area of the occupant 20 and prevents the occupant 20 from sliding forward in its half-lying position as seen in the direction of flight. This occupant impact bag 52 is also deployed by a pyrotechnic gas generator 56, which is also controlled by the controller 42.

The occupant impact bag 52 is preferably unfolded together with the impact bag 26.

In order to provide the occupant impact bag 52 with a support, a reinforcement bracket 58 is preferably provided in the hood 16.

In a second variant of the occupant cell 10 of a glider according to the invention, instead of the occupant impact bag 52, which unfolds in front of the occupant 20, two occupant impact bags 60 and 62 are provided, which are held on the side of the cell body below the hood 16 and in the 4, and which, in the unfolded state, extend from both sides in front of the occupant 20 and likewise represent a support in the thigh and upper body region for the latter.

These two occupant impact bags 60 and 62 can be unfolded via a pyrotechnic gas generator, which can preferably be controlled via the control 42.

A second exemplary embodiment of the vehicle cell according to the invention, designated as a whole by 70, is an occupant cell of a motor vehicle, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this occupant cell 70, the cell walls are formed by a side door 72 and a side wall 74 adjoining this, both of which are at risk of impact in their lower regions.

For impact protection, as shown in the example of the side door 72 in FIG. 6, in its lower area a cover 76 can be countersunk in a recess 78 in the side door 72 in such a way that its outer side 80 is flush with an outer side 83 of the door. In this position, the cover 76 is in its normal position, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 6. The recess 78 continues behind this cover 76 in the normal position and forms a space for an impact bag, designated as a whole as 82, which lies in this space in the folded state. On the side opposite the cover 76 in the normal position, the recess 78 is delimited by an inner cell wall 84, which in FIG. 6 represents the inner wall of the side door 72. A container 86 is thus created through this cell door inner wall 84 and the cover 76 in its normal position.

To deploy the impact bag 82, a pyro-technical gas generator 88 is provided in it, which can be triggered by a controller 90.

In the unfolded state, the impact bag 82 has an approximately cuboid-like or cylinder-like shape and, as drawn in FIG. 6, holds the cover 76 in an impact-absorbing position, which is parallel to the normal position, but offset to the outside by a certain distance from the latter. As a result, the impact bag 82 forms an area for energy absorption and thus for cushioning a side impact. In order to be able to define the absorbed energy in a defined manner, the impact bag 82 is additionally provided with ventilation openings 92, which are preferably arranged around the impact bag.

The advantage of this solution can also be seen in the fact that the cover 76, which is made of inherently rigid material, preferably the same material as the outer wall of the side door 72, provides the impact bag 82 with additional protection against damage in the case of a side Experiences impact.

To trigger the gas generator 88 via the controller 90, the controller 90 is provided with two sensors 94 and 96, which are preferably arranged at a distance from one another in the longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle, for example in the region of an edge of the side door 72 in the direction of travel and in the region of one rear edge of side door 72 in the direction of travel.

These two sensors 94 and 96 are proximity sensors, which trigger the gas generator 88 via the controller 90 when a certain approach speed is exceeded at a certain distance. For example, the two sensors 94 and 96 are designed such that when a body approaches a speed of more than 50 km at a distance of approximately 1.5 to 2 m, they trigger the gas generator 88 via the controller 90 and unfold the impact bag 82. However, the gas generator 88 is only triggered when both sensors 94 and 96 detect the approach of the body and not only when one of these sensors detects the body. This prevents false triggering, for example due to a person or an object approaching one of the sensors 94 and 96. In a variant of the second exemplary embodiment of the vehicle cell according to the invention, the cover 76 'is not recessed in the recess 78, but sits on an outside 100 of the side door 72 and thus the cell wall 102 formed by the side door, the cover 76' having lateral edges 104 is bent in the direction of the outside 100 of the side door 72 and is seated with these outside edges 104 on the outside 100 of the side door 72, while a middle part 106 of the cover 76 'running between the outside edges 104 is essentially parallel to the outside 100 of the side door 72 , but extends at a distance from it. As a result, a container 86 'for the impact bag 82 is also formed between the cover 76' and the side door 72, which can be essentially identical to the impact bag 82 according to the previously described variant of the second exemplary embodiment.

The cover 76 ', which is shown in FIG. 7 in the normal position, can be moved in the same way as the cover 76 parallel to its normal position into an impact-absorbing position by unfolding the impact bag 82 and acts exactly as in the previously described variant of the second embodiment.

In the description of the previous variant of the second exemplary embodiment, only the function of the impact bag 82 arranged in the side door 72 was referred to. A baffle bag arranged in the side wall 74 functions in the same way, which can also be provided with a cover 76 or 76 '. In the second exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the control 90 is designed such that when, for example, a colliding vehicle 110 approaches the side door 72, the impact bag 82 is deployed and the cover 76 is thus moved outwards. that, however, the impact bag 82 of the side wall 74 is also unfolded with a time delay and thus the cover 76 of the side wall 74 is also moved outwards in order to prevent the impacting vehicle 110 from colliding with the side after the impact on the cover 76 of the side door 72 ¬ also dampen wall 74.

In a further variant of the second exemplary embodiment, shown in FIG. 10, the cover 76 cannot be moved parallel to the normal position into the impact absorbing position when the impact bag 82 is unfolded, but the cover 76 is in the region of its front edge in the direction of travel by means of a Joint 112 is pivotally mounted on the door 72 so that the cover 76 in its impact-absorbing position is at an angle to its normal position and the impact bag 82 'in the unfolded state is not cuboid or cylindrical, but wedge-shaped.

All variants of the second exemplary embodiment are of identical design, insofar as the differences were not referred to in the description, so that reference is made to the explanations for the second exemplary embodiment.

In a fourth variant of the second exemplary embodiment, shown in FIG. 11, the cover 76 is still stabilized by strut elements 114 on the side door 72 when the impact bag 82 is unfolded, the Strut elements 114 when the impact bag 82 is unfolded represent tension elements 116 which extend and are tensioned in the diagonal directions of the impact bag 82 and in which a tension energy absorber 118 is additionally installed. Such a tensile energy absorber can be designed in a wide variety of ways. Examples of such traction energy absorbers can be found in the publication "AIRCRAFT CRASH SURVIVAL DESIGN GUIDE", Volume IV, Dece about 1989 of the Aviation Applied Technology Directorate, US Army Aviation Research and Technology Activity, Fort Eustis, VA 23604-5577, pages 87 and 88 or in DE-PS 37 44 349 or US-PS 4 946 721.

Overall, these tension elements 116 form a bracing of the cover 76, which is able to accommodate force components 120 directed parallel to an outer side of a cover and thereby to protect the impact bag 82 against tearing due to shear stress. The force component 120 received by the tension elements 116 is preferably a force component directed parallel to the direction of movement of the vehicle.

In a fifth variant of the second exemplary embodiment, shown in FIG. 13, strut elements 114 'are also provided, which stabilize the cover 76 on the side door 72 when the impact bag 82 is unfolded. These strut elements 114 'are designed, for example, as folding hinges 122 which, for example, can be folded like a toggle lever by a central joint 124 and serve to accommodate a force component 126 directed away from the side door 72 when the impact bag 82 is unfolded. Such a force component 126, which acts, for example, on the impact bag 82, arises in particular when a one-sided occurs Impacts on the cover 76 or an application of the force component 120 directed parallel to the outside to the cover 76. Such a pull on the impact bag 82 can lead to the impact bag 82 tearing and thus to its ineffectiveness.

According to the invention, a combination of the fourth variant and the fifth variant is also possible, which is thus able to accommodate both the force components 120 directed parallel to the outside of the cover 76 and the force component 126, and thus the impact bag 82 in front of such force components protect.

In a third exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention, shown in detail in FIG. 14, the impact bag 130 is provided with blow-out openings 132, which can be closed by a cover 134, the cover 134 by means of an adhesive edge 136 with the edge area 138 surrounding the blow-out opening 132 of the impact bag 130 is connected. The adhesive edge 136 is designed as a predetermined breaking point, which on the one hand does not break when the impact bag 130 is deployed but not yet impact-loaded, and on the other hand shears after an impact due to the pressure increase in the impact bag 130, which generates an additional force 140 in the outward direction, so that the Cover 134, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in Fig. 14, turns outwards and moves through the outlet opening 132, and consequently the outlet opening 132 is open and the impact bag can in a manner defined by the geometry of the outlet opening let out the gas located inside the same . This impact bag 130 shown in FIG. 14 in accordance with the third exemplary embodiment is particularly suitable for being deployed by means of a control system before an impact, the length of time until the impact being able to vary within wide ranges in that the impact bag 130 is not immediate after its development, the gas located inside the latter can escape through the blow-out openings 132, but instead holds this gas and only after the impact and thus after the adhesive edge 136 has sheared off can the gas escape and thus become deformed.

The formation of the impact bag according to the third exemplary embodiment can in particular also be used in the first exemplary embodiment and the second exemplary embodiment of a vehicle cell according to the invention.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Vehicle cell with an impact-sensitive interior and with a surrounding cell wall that is at risk of impact, characterized in that the cell wall at risk of impact is provided with an inflatable impact bag (26, 82) that the impact bag (26, 82) is in the normal position is folded on the cell wall, and that the impact bag (26, 82) is deployed in an impact absorbing position and extends beyond an outer side (36, 83) of the cell wall.

2. Vehicle cell according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the impact bag (26, 82) in the folded state is under a in the normal position on the cell wall cover (32, 76) that the cover (32, 76) is detachable from the cell wall and that by unfolding the impact bag (26, 82) the cover (32, 76) can be brought into an impact absorbing position which is lifted outward from the cell wall and is supported by the impact bag (26, 82).

3. Vehicle cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the cover (32, 76) is designed as a dimensionally stable element.

4. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (32, 76) forms a segment of the cell outer wall.

5. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (76 ') is placed in the normal position on an outside (83) of the cell wall.

6. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover (32, 76) in the normal position is flush on all sides with the surrounding cell exterior (36, 83).

7. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (32, 76) with the in the direction of movement of the vehicle cell (10, 70) rear area of the cell wall can be moved away.

8. Vehicle cell according to claim 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the cover (32, 76) with a joint (48, 112) is mounted on the cell wall and can be brought from the normal position into the impact absorbing position.

9. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover (76) can be lifted off the cell wall on all sides.

10. Vehicle cell according to claim 9, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the cover (76) in the Aufprallab¬ catch position is aligned approximately parallel to its normal position.

11. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact bag (26, 82) lies in a container (24, 86) provided on the cell wall.

12. Vehicle cell according to claim 11, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the container (24, 86) of a recess (28, 78) is formed in the cell wall.

13. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact bag (26, 82) in the unfolded state is formed as a bellows extending between a bottom (38) and the cover (32, 76).

14. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact bag (26, 82 ') extends in the deployed state in a wedge shape between the bottom and the cover (32, 76).

15. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the impact bag (82) extends approximately cylindrical between the bottom and the cover in the unfolded state.

16. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (32, 76) in the impact interception position by Ver¬ strut elements (114) is connected to the vehicle cell.

17. Vehicle cell according to claim 16, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the strut elements (114) are aus¬ formed so that they receive parallel to an outer surface of the cover (76) directed force components (120).

18. Vehicle cell according to claim 17, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the strut elements (114) parallel to a direction of movement of the vehicle cell ge directed force components (120).

19. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the strut elements (114) are designed such that they receive force components (126) directed away from the vehicle cell.

20. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the strut elements (114) are provided with tensile energy absorbers (118).

21. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact bag (26, 82) with a pyrotechnic gas generator (40, 88) can be unfolded.

22. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a controller (42, 90) triggering the deployment of the impact bag (26, 82) is provided.

23. Vehicle cell according to claim 22, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the control is designed so that it unfolds the impact bag (26, 82, 130) before touching on impact.

24. Vehicle cell according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the controller (42) has a manual trigger (44).

25. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the controller has an acceleration sensor (46).

26. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the control has a Last¬ sensor (46).

27. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the control is provided with a proximity sensor (94, 96).

28. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the control unit triggers when a threshold distance is undershot.

29. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that the sensor (94, 96) is a speed sensor.

30. Vehicle cell according to claim 29, characterized in that the control (90) unfolds the impact bag (82) when a minimum speed of an approaching object is exceeded.

31. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 22 to 30, characterized in that the cell wall has two spaced sensors (94, 96).

32. Vehicle cell according to claim 31, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the controller (90) unfolds the impact bag (82) only when both sensors (94, 96) are displayed identically.

33. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interior is the passenger compartment.

34. Vehicle cell according to claim 33, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the impact bag (26, 82) is arranged in the region of a seat.

35. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Fahrzeug¬ cell (10) is the occupant cell of an aircraft.

36. Vehicle cell according to claim 35, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the impact bag (26) is arranged under a seat (18) in the interior.

37. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that the impact bag (82) is arranged in a side region of a motor vehicle (70).

38. Vehicle cell according to claim 37, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the impact bag (82) is arranged in a side door (72) of the motor vehicle (70).

39. Vehicle cell according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that the impact bag (82) is arranged in a sill area of the motor vehicle (70).

40. Vehicle cell according to one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that several impact bags (82) are arranged in the side region of the motor vehicle (70).

41. Vehicle cell according to claim 40, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the controller (90) after unfolding an impact bag (82) triggers the deployment of the other impact bags (82).

42. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the triggering of the impact bag (26) there is a triggering of an occupant impact bag (52).

43. Vehicle cell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact bag (130) is designed to retain its volume over a certain period of time in the unfolded state.

44. Vehicle cell according to claim 43, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the impact bag (130) is substantially closed.

45. Vehicle cell according to claim 44, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the impact bag (130) has a closed and opening after impact impact opening (132).

46. Vehicle cell according to claim 45, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the blow-out opening (132) with a by a predetermined breaking point (136) detachable cover (134) is closed.