WO1992015754A1 - A method for fiber loading a chemical compound - Google Patents
A method for fiber loading a chemical compound Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992015754A1 WO1992015754A1 PCT/US1992/001737 US9201737W WO9215754A1 WO 1992015754 A1 WO1992015754 A1 WO 1992015754A1 US 9201737 W US9201737 W US 9201737W WO 9215754 A1 WO9215754 A1 WO 9215754A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- accordance
- fibers
- paper
- carbon dioxide
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
- D21H23/06—Controlling the addition
- D21H23/14—Controlling the addition by selecting point of addition or time of contact between components
- D21H23/16—Addition before or during pulp beating or refining
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
- D21C9/002—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
- D21C9/004—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives inorganic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/70—Inorganic compounds forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with other substances added separately
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/675—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a method for loading a chemical compound within the hollow interior, cell walls and on the surfaces of the fibers of 10 a fibrous material. More particularly, the present invention is directed to an improved process for the production of filler-containing paper pulp in which the filler is formed in situ while in proximity to the paper pulp and a substantial portion of the filler is disposed 15 in the lumens and cell walls of the cellulose fibers of the paper pulp, to the paper pulp produced thereby and to papers produced from such pulp.
- Paper is a material made from flexible 20 cellulose fibers which, while very short (0.02 - 0.16 in. or 0.5 - 4 mm), are about 100 times as long as they are wide. These fibers have a strong attraction for water and for each other; when suspended in water they swell by absorption. When a suspension of a large number of such 25 fibers in water is filtered on a wire screen, the fibers adhere weakly to one another. When more water is removed from the mat formed on the screen by suction and by pressing, the sheet becomes stronger but is still relatively weak. When the sheet is dried, it becomes 30 stronger, and paper is produced.
- Any fibrous raw material such as wood, straw,
- bamboo, hemp, bagasse, sisal, flax, cotton, jute and ramie can be used in paper manufacture. Separation of the fibers in such materials is called pulping, regardless of the extent of purification involved in the process.
- the separated fibers are called pulp, whether in suspension in water as a slurry or dewatered to any degree. Pulp from a pulping process which has been dewatered to an extent such that it is no longer a slurry and has been broken up into clumps which appear to have no free water is referred to as "dewatered crumb pulp". While dewatered crumb pulp appears to be particulate fragments, such pulp may contain up to about 95% by weight of water.
- Wood is the major source of fiber for pulping because of its wide distribution and its high density compared with other plants. While any species of wood can be used, soft woods are preferred to hard woods because of their longer fibers and absence of vessels. Wood and most other fibrous material have cellulose as their main structural component, along with hemicellulose, lignin and a large number of substances collectively called resins or extractives. Pulping may be carried out by any of several well known processes, such as mechanical pulping, kraft pulping and sulfite pulping. An essential property of paper for many end uses is its opacity. It is particularly important in papers for printing, where it is desirable that as little as possible of the print on the reverse side of a printed sheet or on a sheet below it be visible through the paper.
- paper For printing and other applications, paper must also have a certain degree of whiteness (or brightness as it is know in the paper industry) . For many paper products, acceptable levels of these optical properties can be achieved from the pulp fibers alone. However, in other products, the inherent light-reflective powers of the fibers are insufficient to meet consumer demands. In such cases, the papermaker adds a filler to the papermaking furnish.
- a filler consists of fine particles of an insoluble solid, usually of a mineral origin. By virtue of the high ratio of surface area to weight (and sometimes high refractive index) , the particles confer high light-reflectance to the sheet and thereby increase both opacity and brightness. Enhancement of the optical properties of the paper produced therefrom is the principal object in adding fillers to the furnish although other advantages, such as improved smoothness, improved printability and improved durability, can be imparted to the paper.
- filler addition does pose some problems.
- One problem associated with filler addition is that the mechanical strength of the sheet is less than could be expected from the ratio of load-bearing fiber to non-load-bearing filler. The usual explanation for this is that some of the filler particles become trapped between fibers, thereby reducing the strength of the fiber-to-fiber bonds which are the primary source of paper strength.
- a second problem associated with the addition of fillers is that a significant fraction of the small particles drain out with the water during sheet formation on the paper machine.
- the recovery and recycling of the particles from the drainage water poses a difficult problem for the papermaker.
- many researchers have examined the manner in which filler is retained by a sheet. It has become accepted that the main mechanism is co-flocculation, i.e., the adhesion of pigment particles to the fibers.
- co-flocculation i.e., the adhesion of pigment particles to the fibers.
- major effort in filler technology has gone into increasing the adhesive forces. This work has lead to the development and use of a wide variety of soluble chemical additives known as retention aids.
- U.S. Patent 4,510,020 to Green, et al. describes a process whereby a particulate filler, such as titanium dioxide, whey or calcium carbonate, is loaded in the lumens of the cellulose fibers of paper pulp.
- a particulate filler such as titanium dioxide, whey or calcium carbonate
- the particulate filler is selectively loaded within the fiber lumens by agitating a suspension of pulp and filler until the fiber lumens become loaded with filler.
- the method requires the use of substantially more particulate filler than can be loaded within the lumens of the fiber. Accordingly, the method requires a step of separating the residual suspended filler from the loaded fibers by vigorously washing the pulp until substantially all of the filler on the external surfaces of the fibers is removed.
- the Green, et al. patent does not solve the problem referred to hereinabove wherein the filler must be recovered from the white water.
- U.S. Patent No. 2,583,548 to Craig describes a process for producing a pigmented cellulosic pulp by precipitating pigment in and on and around the fibers.
- dry cellulosic fibers are added to a solution of calcium chloride.
- the suspension is mechanically worked so as to effect a gelatinization of the fibers.
- the proportions of the dry cellulosic stock to the calcium chloride solution can be varied, but in general, the amount of calcium chloride present in the dilute solution is several times the weight of the cellulose fibers which are treated therewith.
- a second reactant, such as sodium carbonate is then added so as to effect the precipitation of fine solid particles of calcium carbonate in and on and around the fibers.
- the fibers such as sodium carbonate
- the pigmented fibers produced by the Craig *548 patent contain more pigment than cellulose and when used as a paper additive are combined with additional untreated paper pulp.
- the fibrous form of the pigmented additive provides good retention, but the process does have considerable limitations. The presence of filler on the fiber surfaces and the gelatinizing effect on the fibers are detrimental to paper strength.
- a modification of the '548 Craig patent is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2,599,091 to Craig. in the method of the Craig '091 patent, dry paper stock containing as high as 13% pulp solids is treated by the addition of solid calcium chloride to the stock.
- the solid calcium chloride brings about a profound modification of the cellulose fibers after a few minutes of agitation. The fibers become more or less gelatinous and transparent in appearance.
- the stock is treated with a soluble carbonate salt in the form of a 10% solution, which is added in sufficient amount to react with the calcium chloride and precipitate an insoluble pigment of calcium carbonate.
- the resulting treated and pigmented stock is highly hydrated and has little strength or relatively much less strength than the untreated stock.
- the pigmented stock is then combined with untreated paper stock to provide a pigmented paper stock suitable for the preparation of paper.
- U.S. Patent 3,029,181 to Thomsen is a further modification of the in situ precipitation process of the Craig patents.
- the fiber is first suspended in a 10% solution of calcium chloride. Thereafter, the fiber is pressed to a moisture content of 50% and is sprayed with a concentrated solution of ammonium carbonate in an amount sufficient to precipitate all the calcium as the carbonate. The fiber is then washed to remove ammonium chloride. The washed fiber is ready for the paper machine and will usually contain approximately 10% of loading material.
- the Thomsen patent indicates that the method disclosed therein coats the internal area with the loading material and increases the opacity of the cellulose fibers with such internal loading.
- Japanese Patent Application 60-297382 to Hokuetsu Seishi describes a method for precipitating calcium carbonate in a slurry of pulp.
- calcium hydroxide is dispersed in a 1% slurry of beaten or unbeaten pulp. Carbon dioxide gas was then blown into the mixture of pulp slurry and calcium hydroxide to convert the calcium hydroxide to calcium carbonate.
- the present invention relates to novel fibrous materials comprising a plurality of elongated fibers having a fiber wall surrounding a hollow interior and having a chemical compound loaded within the hollow interior, within the fiber walls of the fibers and on the surface of the fibers.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a chemical compound in situ while in proximity to the fibers of a fibrous material.
- a fibrous material which consists of a plurality of elongated fibers having a fiber wall surrounding a hollow interior.
- the fibrous material has a moisture content such that the level of water ranges from 40-95% of the weight of the fibrous material and the water is positioned substantially within the hollow interior of the fibers and within the fiber walls of the fibers.
- a chemical is added to the fibrous material in a manner such that the chemical becomes associated with the water present in the fibrous material.
- the fibrous material is then contacted with a gas which is reactive with the chemical to form a water insoluble chemical compound.
- the method provides a fibrous material having a chemical compound loaded within the hollow interiors of the fibers, within the fiber walls of the fibers and on the surface of the fibers.
- FIGURES 1-7 are plots of various parameters of paper handsheets prepared from cellulose loaded with calcium carbonate in accordance with the invention and compared with paper handsheets directly loaded on the surface with calcium carbonate in accordance with a conventional metho ⁇ .
- cellulosic fibers are those derived from wood. As liberated by the pulping process, the majority of papermaking fibers appear as long hollow tubes, uniform in size for most of the length but tapered at each end. Along the length of the fiber, the fiber wall is perforated by small apertures (pits) which connect the central cavity (lumen) to the fiber exterior. It is well known that papermaking pulp can contain a high level of moisture within the cell wall and interior central cavity or lumen without appearing to be wet or without forming a slurry. An example of such pulp is referred to as "dewatered crumb pulp".
- the highest level of moisture that can be present in dewatered crumb pulp without providing free moisture on the surface of the pulp is dependent on the type of wood used to produce the pulp, the pulping process used to defiberize the wood and the dewatering method.
- the level of moisture for a particular pulp at which free water appears on the surface is referred to as the "free moisture level".
- the pulp fibers become dispersed in the water and slurry is formed.
- the free moisture level of the pulp can be from about 95% to about 90% of moisture, i.e., from about 5% to about 10% of pulp. All percentages used herein are by weight and all temperatures are in degrees Fahrenheit, unless otherwise indicated.
- dewatered crumb pulp which contains less moisture than the free moisture level.
- the dewatered crumb pulp contains from about 40% to about 95% of moisture, by weight, based on the total weight.
- the process of the present invention for loading fibers is applicable to a wide range of papermaking fibers.
- the process can be carried out on pulps derived from many species of wood by any of the common pulping and bleaching procedures.
- the pulp can enter the process in a "never-dried" dewatered form or it may be reconstituted with water to a level of moisture within the indicated range from a dry state.
- Cellulosic fibers of diverse natural origins may be used, including soft wood fibers, hard wood fibers, cotton fibers and fibers from bagasse, hemp and flax.
- the fibers may be prepared by chemical pulping, however, mechanically pulped fibers, such as ground wood, thermomechanical pulp and chemithermomechanical pulp can also be used.
- the fibers may have received some mechanical treatment, such as ' refining or beating prior to loading the chemical compound into the lumen.
- Synthetic fibers, such as hollow filament rayon, bearing accessible internal hollow structures can also be lu en- loaded by the process of the invention.
- calcium oxide (lime) or calcium hydroxide is mixed with dewatered crumb pulp having the desired level of moisture.
- the calcium oxide can be added to the water used for reconstituting dried fibers prior to adding the water to the fibers.
- the calcium oxide Upon adding the calcium oxide to a dewatered crumb pulp and simple mixing for a period of a few minutes, the calcium oxide (as a white powder) combines with the water to form calcium hydroxide within the mass of fibers in the pulp.
- the highly reactive forms of calcium oxide are preferably used in the process of the invention.
- the less reactive forms such as dolomitic limestone and dead burned limestone are less suitable.
- the calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide may be added at any desired level up to about 50%, based on the weight of the dry cellulosic material.
- the lower limit for addition of the calcium oxide may be as low as desired, but is preferably not less than about 0.1%.
- the calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide is present at a level of from about 10% to about 40%, based on the weight of the dry cellulosic material.
- the carbon dioxide is added at a level sufficient to cause complete reaction of the chemical with the gas to form the water insoluble chemical compound.
- Excess gas can be used since no further reaction takes place. Since there is no extraneous chemical material formed, such as would be the case with precipitating a water-insoluble chemical compound with two water soluble salts, there is no need to wash the cellulosic material after treatment with carbon dioxide in accordance with the invention to load the fibers with the precipitated calcium carbonate.
- the paper pulp can be immediately transferred to a papermaking operation where it is formed into a slurry, refined and placed onto a Fourdrinier machine or other suitable papermaking apparatus. Alternatively, the paper pulp having the chemical compound loaded therein may be further dried and shipped as an item of commerce to a papermaking facility for subsequent usage.
- any suitable high shear mixing device can be used.
- the high shear treatment is sufficient to impart from about 10 to about 70 watt hours of energy per kilo of fiber, dry weight basis. It has been determined that a simple way to provide contact of the carbon dioxide with the paper pulp under high shear treatment is by means of a pressurized refiner.
- the pressurized refiner is a well known piece of apparatus utilized in the papermaking industry and consists of a cylindrical hopper into which the paper pulp is loaded. The cylindrical hopper is gas tight and can be pressurized with a gas. A rotating shaft containing beater arms is disposed within the hopper to keep the paper pulp from matting.
- An auger screw is located beneath the hopper for conveying the paper pulp into the interior space between a set of matched discs.
- One of the discs is stationary whereas the opposing disk is driven by means of a motor.
- the discs are spaced apart by a distance sufficient to shred the pulp crumbs as the pulp passes between the stationary disk and the revolving disk.
- the discs may be provided with refining surfaces. The use of a "devil's tooth" plate, or fiberizing plate, has also been found to be suitable.
- the carbon dioxide Prior to forcing the pulp into contact with the rotating plate, the carbon dioxide is pumped into the sealed hopper to pressurized the hopper with carbon dioxide and remains in contact with the pulp while the paper pulp is stirred in the hopper and while the pulp is being transported by the auger through the refiner discs. It has also been determined that it is not possible to effect the reaction between the calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide and the carbon dioxide by blowing the carbon dioxide through the mixture of dewatered crumb pulp and the calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide.
- Pulp - The pulps used were a softwood pulp mixture and a hardwood pulp mixture that were supplied by Consolidated Paper Company and refined further in a single disk refiner to pulp freenesses of 410 and 180 (CSF) for the softwood, and 395 and 290 (CSF) for the hardwood.
- Calcium reactants - Calcium oxide used was a technical grade (Fisher Chemical Company) or a high reactivity Continental lime (Marblehead Lime Co.). Reagent grade calcium hydroxide (Aldrich Chemical) was also used.
- papermaker grade calcium carbonate (Pfizer) was used for the direct loading comparison.
- Equipment Mixer A bench-model 3-speed Hobart food mixer with a 20 quart stainless steel bowl and flat beater was used for mixing the calcium reactants with the pulp.
- Refiner A Sprout-Bauer pressurized disk re iner was used as both the reaction chamber and refiner for precipitating calcium carbonate and incorporating it into pulp fibers.
- Typical Refiner Run Procedure Hobart - For each run, 1 kg pulp (based on dry weight of fiber) was blended in the Hobart mixer with varying amounts of calcium reactant and water required for a specific chemical load and consistency. The pulp was mixed for 15 minutes at low speed (approximately 110 rpm) to uniformly incorporate the calcium. Refiner - The high consistency pulp was then loaded into the hopper of the refiner which was closed and sealed. Carbon dioxide was injected into the hopper to react with the calcium hydroxide. Carbon dioxide was held in the tank at 20 lbs. pressure for 15 minutes. During this interval, calcium carbonate was precipitated in the pulp fibers by the reaction of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide with the carbon dioxide. The pulp is then refined in a carbon dioxide atmosphere at the desired plate gap and feed rate to provide intimate contact of the carbonate and fibers.
- Direct loading For comparisons, pulps were loaded directly with calcium carbonate without the aid of the pressurized refiner. Pulp for direct loading was fiberized in the British Disintegrator according to Tappi Standard T-205 for 60g/m2 handsheet preparation and poured into the doler tank. Varying amounts of calcium carbonate was added to the low consistency pulp slurry in the doler tank and stirred to assure uniform distribution prior to making handsheets. Centrifuging - In order to avoid the high consistency mixing step using the Hobart mixer, pulps were sometimes loaded with calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide at low consistency and then dewatered. Pulp and the calcium reactant was stirred at 2% consistency with an air stirrer for 15 minutes. The pulp slurry was then fed into the filtering centrifuge to dewater the pulp to approximately 30% consistency. The pulp was removed from the centrifuge bag, shredded and loaded into the pressurized refiner for reaction with carbon dioxide.
- SEM X-ray microanalysis - Samples were prepared as for SEM observation, but were adhered to carbon specimen stubs and coated with a conductive carbon layer.
- X-ray microanalysis was performed with a Tracor Northern T-2000/4000 energy-dispersive spectrometer in combination with the scanning electron microscope.
- the microanalysis spectra were recorded in an energy range of 15 keV.
- the specimen preparation procedures for x-ray analysis make it necessary for controls to be employed if x-ray data are to be compared with any validity.
- the samples of pulp and handsheets were dried at the same time, under the same conditions. This eliminates variations arising from inconsistencies in procedures.
- Carbonate Test Pulp and handsheet specimens were placed in 1% aqueous silver nitrate for 30 minutes, rinsed in distilled water and placed in 5% aqueous sodium thiosulfate for 3 minutes and washed in tap water (Van Kossa's method for carbonates). Carbonate groups (calcium) stain black. Rapid spot tests were run on samples to confirm the presence of carbonates.
- Pulp/Paper Tests As each filled pulp sample was discharged from the refiner, a random sample was taken for the determination of freeness, pH and ash content. Ash content of the pulp was assessed by Tappi Method T-211. Handsheets (60g/m 2 ) were prepared from the pulp by standard Tappi Method T-205. Again, the ash content was determined on the handsheet, and the percent retention is reported as the percent filler in the handsheet based on the percent filler in the pulp (and subtracting the small blank of the pulp's original ash content). Percent retention, therefore, represents the filler retention that stays with the pulp during standard handsheet formation.
- burst index as determined by Tappi Method T-403 is a convenient measure of strength and an accepted measure of fiber bonding. Densities of the handsheets were measured according to Tappi Method T-220 and appeared to correlate meaningfully with both freeness and burst index. Optical properties of brightness, opacity and scattering coefficient were determined on a Technidyne photometer. Spread sheets of all the test data obtained on the pulp and handsheets are attached in the appendix. SEM Initial loading experiments using CaO indicated that rhombohedral calcite crystals in the 1 to 3 micron size were attained, as evidenced by electron microscopy.
- Table 1 is a comparison of the burst and optical properties (at the same initial freeness) of refiner-run handsheets.
- the two numbers in parentheses, such as (15,20), indicate the pulp consistency and the calcium reactant loading, respectively.
- the burst and optical properties of handsheets in which the filler loading was obtained by direct addition during handsheet formation of papermaker's grade carbonate (Pfizer) are also presented in the FIGURES 1-7. If scattering coefficient, opacity or brightness are plotted versus burst index, FIGURES 1-7 points from the fiber loaded handsheets lie approximately on the same curves as the points from the direct-loaded handsheets.
- FIGURE 4 is a plot of burst index versus ash content.
- the direct loaded handsheets lie on a smooth curve; again demonstrating that as the ash content increases, the burst strength decreases.
- the points from the fiber-loaded handsheets are plotted in the same figure and all of the fiber-loaded handsheets lie considerably above the direct-loaded curve. This means that at comparable ash contents, the fiber-loaded handsheets of the invention are considerably stronger.
- FIGURES 5-7 when optical properties are plotted versus ash content. At equal ash content, the direct-loaded handsheets exhibit better optical properties than the fiber-loaded handsheets of the invention.
- fiber loading with calcium carbonate can be accomplished by an in situ reaction between calcium oxide (or hydroxide) and carbon dioxide in high consistency dewatered crumb pulps.
- a pressurized Sprout-Bauer disk refiner adequately serves as both reaction chamber and as a means for obtaining a good dispersion of filler and fiber.
- SEM examination has revealed the presence of calcium carbonate crystals on both external fiber surfaces and within the cell lumen; and x-ray microprobe analysis indicates the presence of calcium within the cell wall.
- Optimum conditions for fiber loading using the pressurized refiner occur at pulp consistency of 18% for softwood pulp and 21% for hardwood pulp.
- handsheet properties prepared from fiber-loaded pulp outperformed direct loaded handsheets.
- the fiber-loaded handsheet exhibited greater bursting strength. This indicates that comparable burst strength can be obtained at higher ash content for handsheets made from fiber loaded pulp than handsheets made from direct loaded pulp.
- similar optical properties are obtained. This permits lower cost calcium carbonate to be substituted for higher cost fiber at no loss in burst or optical properties. This is a potential large saving in papermaking costs.
- the poorer optical properties in comparison to the direct loaded sheets is partly understandable because the papermakers' carbonate was specifically designed in terms of crystal morphology and particle size to achieve maximum scattering power.
- filler in close contact with cell-wall material (as for example inside cell lumen) may inherently scatter less because the difference in refractive index between filler and cell-wall material is smaller than the difference in refractive index between filler and air.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
UA93004133A UA27109C2 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method to filling cellulose fiber with calcium carbonate, filled paper and method to make it |
AU15845/92A AU650968B2 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | A method for fiber loading a chemical compound |
DE69222190T DE69222190T2 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | METHOD FOR CHARGING FIBERS WITH A CHEMICAL COMPOUND |
CS931830A CZ183093A3 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method of introducing calcium carbonate in cellulose fibers |
RO93-01190A RO110837B1 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Preparation process for a filling material, for paper |
PL92300491A PL171323B1 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method of filling hollow cellulose fibres with calcium carbonate |
SK872-93A SK87293A3 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method for fiber loading a chemical compound |
RU9393057196A RU2098534C1 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method of filling cellulose fibers with calcium carbonate, compounded paper containing cellulose fiber mass, and method of manufacturing thereof |
BR9205696A BR9205696A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Process for loading cellulose fibers with calcium carbonate, paper pulp loaded with calcium carbonate, loaded paper and process for the production of a loaded paper from cellulosic fibers |
KR1019930702648A KR100213456B1 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method for fiber loading a chemical compound |
JP50826292A JP3145707B2 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Method of filling compound into fiber |
EP92908104A EP0690938B1 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | A method for fiber loading a chemical compound |
FI933789A FI933789A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1993-08-30 | FOERFARANDE FOER TILLAEGGANDE AV FIBER I EN KEMISK FOERENING |
BG98139A BG98139A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1993-10-05 | Method for feeding filler of a chemical compound to fibres |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US66546491A | 1991-03-06 | 1991-03-06 | |
US665,464 | 1991-03-06 | ||
US805,025 | 1991-12-11 | ||
US07/805,025 US5223090A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1991-12-11 | Method for fiber loading a chemical compound |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992015754A1 true WO1992015754A1 (en) | 1992-09-17 |
Family
ID=27099205
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1992/001737 WO1992015754A1 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | A method for fiber loading a chemical compound |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5223090A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0690938B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3145707B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100213456B1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR245965A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE158036T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU650968B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG98139A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9205696A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2103549A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ183093A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69222190T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2107532T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI933789A (en) |
HU (1) | HUT67632A (en) |
MX (1) | MX9200975A (en) |
PL (1) | PL171323B1 (en) |
RO (1) | RO110837B1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK87293A3 (en) |
UA (1) | UA27109C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992015754A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2689530A1 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-10-08 | Aussedat Rey | New complex product based on fibers and fillers, and method of manufacturing such a new product. |
US5786080A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1998-07-28 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Compositions and methods for manufacturing ettringite coated fibers and aggregates |
EP2058434A1 (en) | 1999-08-13 | 2009-05-13 | Georgia-Pacific France | Herstellungsverfahren eines Papierblatts, das eine Fixierphase einer Mineralienladung auf Zellulosefasern umfasst |
Families Citing this family (140)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE9301220D0 (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 1993-04-14 | Kabi Pharmacia Ab | MANUFACTURING MATRICES |
US5665205A (en) * | 1995-01-19 | 1997-09-09 | International Paper Company | Method for improving brightness and cleanliness of secondary fibers for paper and paperboard manufacture |
US5679220A (en) * | 1995-01-19 | 1997-10-21 | International Paper Company | Process for enhanced deposition and retention of particulate filler on papermaking fibers |
FI100729B (en) | 1995-06-29 | 1998-02-13 | Metsae Serla Oy | Filler used in papermaking and method of making the filler |
US5759349A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1998-06-02 | Westvaco Corporation | Lumen loading of hygienic end use paper fibers |
FI100670B (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1998-01-30 | Metsae Serla Oy | Process for adding filler to cellulose fiber based m assa |
US5925218A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1999-07-20 | Westvaco Corporation | Rehydration of once-dried fiber |
US6579410B1 (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 2003-06-17 | Imerys Minerals Limited | Pigment materials and their preparation and use |
US6406594B1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 2002-06-18 | Boise Cascade Corporation | Method for manufacturing paper products comprising polymerized mineral networks |
US5928470A (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-07-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for filling and coating cellulose fibers |
FI103520B (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-07-15 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Improved papermaking methods |
BR9909003A (en) | 1998-03-23 | 2000-11-28 | Pulp Paper Res Inst | Process for the production of pulp fibers loaded in a lumen with a particulate calcium carbonate filler, lumen of pulp fibers, and, pulp fibers |
US6265209B1 (en) * | 1998-05-25 | 2001-07-24 | Chisso Corporation | Intermediates and improved processes for the preparation of neplanocin A |
DE19828952B4 (en) | 1998-06-29 | 2005-04-14 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for producing satined paper |
US6503466B1 (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2003-01-07 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. | Apparatus and method for chemically loading fibers in a fiber suspension |
US6210533B1 (en) | 1998-12-18 | 2001-04-03 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. | Revolver valve for discharging a pressurized vessel in a fiber stock preparation system |
US6045656A (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-04-04 | Westvaco Corporation | Process for making and detecting anti-counterfeit paper |
US6773769B1 (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2004-08-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Macroporous ink receiving media |
US6355138B1 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2002-03-12 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. | Method of chemically loading fibers in a fiber suspension |
US6533895B1 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2003-03-18 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. | Apparatus and method for chemically loading fibers in a fiber suspension |
US6379498B1 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2002-04-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for adding an adsorbable chemical additive to pulp during the pulp processing and products made by said method |
KR100853920B1 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2008-08-25 | 제임스 하디 인터내셔널 파이낸스 비.브이. | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
DE10021979A1 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-08 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for forming a multilayer and / or multilayer fibrous web |
EP1158088A3 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-01-22 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Process and device for treating a fibrous suspension |
US6592712B2 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2003-07-15 | International Paper Company | Method to manufacture paper using fiber filler complexes |
DE10033979A1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading fibers with calcium carbonate |
DE10033978A1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for loading fibers with calcium carbonate |
US6445316B1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2002-09-03 | Intel Corporation | Universal impedance control for wide range loaded signals |
JP5155512B2 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2013-03-06 | ジェイムズ ハーディー テクノロジー リミテッド | Fiber cement composite material using cellulose fibers filled with inorganic and / or organic substances |
CN1246246C (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2006-03-22 | 詹姆斯哈迪国际财金公司 | Fiber cement composition materials using cellulose fibers loaded with inorganic and/or organic substances |
JP5226925B2 (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2013-07-03 | ジェイムズ ハーディー テクノロジー リミテッド | Fiber cement composite using durable cellulose fibers treated with biocides |
US20050126430A1 (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2005-06-16 | Lightner James E.Jr. | Building materials with bioresistant properties |
AU2001296904B2 (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2007-08-30 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Method and apparatus for reducing impurities in cellulose fibers for manufacture of fiber reinforced cement composite materials |
US20040104003A1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2004-06-03 | Biopulping International, Inc. | Eucalyptus biokraft pulping process |
US6458241B1 (en) | 2001-01-08 | 2002-10-01 | Voith Paper, Inc. | Apparatus for chemically loading fibers in a fiber suspension |
DE10107448A1 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-22 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for loading fibers contained in a fiber suspension with a filler |
US7749356B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2010-07-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method |
US6582560B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for using water insoluble chemical additives with pulp and products made by said method |
CZ20032693A3 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2004-07-14 | James Hardie Research Pty. Limited | Fiber reinforced cement composite materials employing chemically treated fibers exhibiting enhanced dispersing property |
DE10113998A1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-09-26 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading fibers contained in a fiber suspension with an auxiliary |
DE10115421A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-02 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process and preparation of pulp |
DE10117236A1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-17 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Paper making process uses never-dried-pulp with additive introduced by chemical precipitation |
FI117873B (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2007-03-30 | M Real Oyj | Fiber web and method of making it |
FI117870B (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2011-06-27 | M Real Oyj | Coated fiber web and method of making it |
FI117871B (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2007-03-30 | M Real Oyj | Multilayer fiber product and process for its preparation |
FI117872B (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2007-03-30 | M Real Oyj | Fillers and process for their preparation |
DE10120526A1 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2002-10-31 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for the production of pulp |
DE10120635A1 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for loading fibers with calcium carbonate |
DE10120637A1 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for loading fibers |
DE10120636A1 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for the preparation of material used in particular for papermaking |
US7008505B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2006-03-07 | Biopulping International, Inc. | Eucalyptus biomechanical pulping process |
US6673211B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2004-01-06 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Apparatus for loading fibers in a fiber suspension with calcium carbonate |
US6413365B1 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2002-07-02 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method of loading a fiber suspension with calcium carbonate |
US20030094252A1 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-05-22 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Cellulosic products containing improved percentage of calcium carbonate filler in the presence of other papermaking additives |
EP1448846A4 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2006-06-21 | Biopulping Int Inc | Microwave pre-treatment of logs for use in making paper and other wood products |
DE10204255A1 (en) * | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Loading fiber and/or coating slip suspensions for papermaking involves addition of precipitate followed by milling |
DE10204254A1 (en) * | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-14 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Online production of crystalline precipitation particles in fiber suspension processes is preferably effected using precipitated calcium carbonate |
CA2474933A1 (en) * | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-14 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for preparing fibres contained in a pulp suspension |
DE10208983A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-11 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for producing a fibrous web |
US20050121157A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2005-06-09 | Klaus Doelle | Method for the fabrication of a fiber web |
JP4000949B2 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2007-10-31 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | Wedge-operated brake device |
US6942726B2 (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2005-09-13 | Bki Holding Corporation | Cementitious material reinforced with chemically treated cellulose fiber |
US20040050515A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-18 | Klaus Doelle | Method for the production of a fiber web |
MXPA05003691A (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2005-11-17 | James Hardie Int Finance Bv | Durable medium-density fibre cement composite. |
US20040108081A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-06-10 | Specialty Minerals (Michigan) Inc. | Filler-fiber composite |
US20040108083A1 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-06-10 | Specialty Minerals (Michigan) Inc. | Filler-fiber composite |
NZ541250A (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2008-09-26 | James Hardie Int Finance Bv | Fibre cement composite materials using bleached cellulose fibres |
DE10302783A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for producing a fiber suspension intended for the production of a tissue or hygiene web |
FI120463B (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2009-10-30 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Method of making paper and paper |
FI119563B (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2008-12-31 | Fp Pigments Oy | Process and apparatus for the pre-processing of fibrous materials for the production of paper, paperboard or other equivalent |
DE10335751A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-03-03 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading a pulp suspension and arrangement for carrying out the method |
ATE489345T1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2010-12-15 | Bki Holding Corp | METHOD FOR INSERTING FIBERS INTO CONCRETE |
EP1518961A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-30 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Method for the production of a fiber web |
DE10351292A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-02-02 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading a pulp suspension and arrangement for carrying out the method |
DE10357437A1 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2005-07-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading a pulp suspension and arrangement for carrying out the method |
US7479578B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2009-01-20 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Highly wettable—highly flexible fluff fibers and disposable absorbent products made of those |
US7147752B2 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-12-12 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Hydrophilic fibers containing substantive polysiloxanes and tissue products made therefrom |
US7186318B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2007-03-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Soft tissue hydrophilic tissue products containing polysiloxane and having unique absorbent properties |
US7811948B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2010-10-12 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tissue sheets containing multiple polysiloxanes and having regions of varying hydrophobicity |
US20050152621A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-14 | Healy Paul T. | Computer mounted file folder apparatus |
US7220001B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2007-05-22 | Searete, Llc | Defect correction based on “virtual” lenslets |
US20050215146A1 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wiping products containing deliquescent materials |
DE102004028047A1 (en) * | 2004-06-09 | 2005-12-29 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and machine for producing a fibrous web |
GB0413068D0 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2004-07-14 | Imerys Minerals Ltd | Treatment of pulp |
US7998571B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2011-08-16 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Composite cement article incorporating a powder coating and methods of making same |
CA2572630A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-23 | International Paper Company | Method to manufacture paper |
DE102004045089A1 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-23 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for loading a pulp suspension |
DE102004060405A1 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-07-06 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for loading suspension-containing fibers or pulp with a filler |
US7638016B2 (en) * | 2005-02-19 | 2009-12-29 | International Paper Company | Method for treating kraft pulp with optical brighteners after chlorine bleaching to increase brightness |
DE102005012168A1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for loading fibers contained in a pulp suspension with filler |
FI121311B (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2010-09-30 | M Real Oyj | A process for the preparation of a mechanical pulp for use in the manufacture of paper and board |
FI20055380L (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-02 | M Real Oyj | Method for coating cellulose particles, coated cellulose particles and their use in paper and cardboard manufacturing |
WO2007006368A2 (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method for loading fibers contained in a pulp suspension |
DE102006012835B3 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-11-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for the treatment of pulp containing disruptive vascular cells |
CA2648966C (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2015-01-06 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | A surface sealed reinforced building element |
US7967948B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2011-06-28 | International Paper Company | Process for non-chlorine oxidative bleaching of mechanical pulp in the presence of optical brightening agents |
DE102006029642B3 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-02-28 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method for loading a pulp suspension with filler |
EP2045090B1 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2010-09-29 | Tokuyama Corporation | Print sheet |
JP2008100877A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-05-01 | Nichiha Corp | Inorganic board and its manufacturing method |
JP5069911B2 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2012-11-07 | ニチハ株式会社 | Bearing material and manufacturing method thereof |
DE102007007295A1 (en) | 2007-02-14 | 2008-08-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for forming fillers, especially calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
DE102007011796A1 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2008-09-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for the treatment of loaded fibers |
DE102007018240A1 (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-23 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for the formation of calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
DE102007018726A1 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-23 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for forming fillers, especially calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
DE102007020324A1 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-06 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for the formation of calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
DE102007028539A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for forming calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
DE102007028540A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for forming fillers, especially calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
DE102007029688A1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-02 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for forming fillers, in particular calcium carbonate in a suspension |
DE102007029686A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-02 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for forming calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
US7758934B2 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2010-07-20 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Dual mode ink jet paper |
DE102007051664A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for the formation of calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension II |
DE102007051665A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Process for the formation of calcium carbonate in a pulp suspension |
US8209927B2 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2012-07-03 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Structural fiber cement building materials |
US8808503B2 (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2014-08-19 | John Klungness | Fiber loading improvements in papermaking |
DK2805986T3 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2017-12-18 | Fiberlean Tech Ltd | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NANO-FIBRILLARY CELLULOS GELS |
EP3617400B1 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2022-09-21 | FiberLean Technologies Limited | Use of nanofibrillar cellulose suspensions |
GB0908401D0 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-06-24 | Imerys Minerals Ltd | Paper filler composition |
FI124831B (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2015-02-13 | Upm Kymmene Oyj | Process and reactor for in-line production of calcium carbonate in a pulp flow |
PL2386683T3 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2014-08-29 | Omya Int Ag | Process for the production of gel-based composite materials |
DK2386682T3 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2014-06-23 | Omya Int Ag | Process for preparing structured materials using nano-fibrillar cellulose gels |
FI125826B (en) | 2010-08-04 | 2016-02-29 | Nordkalk Oy Ab | Process for the production of paper or board |
FI125278B (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2015-08-14 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Process for precipitating calcium carbonate and using the process |
GB201019288D0 (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2010-12-29 | Imerys Minerals Ltd | Compositions |
FI124859B (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2015-02-27 | Upm Kymmene Corp | A printing paper product and a method and system for producing a printing paper product |
US20130168893A1 (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-04 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Charging of filter media |
RU2504609C1 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-20 | Леонид Асхатович Мазитов | Method of producing composite material |
FI126072B (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2016-06-15 | Linde Ag | Fiber filling method |
KR101510313B1 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-04-10 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Preparation method of filler and the paper containing the filler thereby |
SE538770C2 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2016-11-15 | Stora Enso Oyj | Process for making a thermoplastic fiber composite material and a fabric |
KR101535522B1 (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2015-07-10 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Preparation method of filler containing cellulose and the paper containing the filler thereby |
CN104818641B (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2017-08-25 | 大唐国际发电股份有限公司高铝煤炭资源开发利用研发中心 | It is a kind of that the method that fiber discongests mashing is carried out based on flyash desiliconization liquid |
CN112094432B (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2022-08-05 | 纤维精益技术有限公司 | Sheet material capable of three-dimensional forming |
SE540790C2 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2018-11-13 | Stora Enso Oyj | Calcium carbonate precipitated on natural fibers and method for the production thereof |
PT3828339T (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2024-01-02 | Fiberlean Tech Ltd | Paper and paperboard products |
US11846072B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2023-12-19 | Fiberlean Technologies Limited | Process of making paper and paperboard products |
DK3445900T3 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2022-08-01 | Fiberlean Tech Ltd | FIBERS COMPRISING MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURE OF FIBERS AND NONWOVEN MATERIALS THEREOF |
US10487452B1 (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2019-11-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Treated fibers and fibrous structures comprising the same |
US11268241B2 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-03-08 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd | Method for manufacturing inorganic particle composite fiber sheet |
JP6855904B2 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2021-04-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Processing equipment and sheet manufacturing equipment |
CN115768947A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2023-03-07 | 特种矿物(密执安)有限公司 | Surface mineralized organic fibre and its preparing process |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62162098A (en) * | 1985-12-29 | 1987-07-17 | 北越製紙株式会社 | Production of neutral paper |
JPS62199898A (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-09-03 | 北越製紙株式会社 | Production of neutral paper |
US5096539A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1992-03-17 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington | Cell wall loading of never-dried pulp fibers |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2063567C (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 2000-12-26 | G. Graham Allan | Cell wall loading of never-dried pulp fibers |
DE69131108T2 (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1999-11-25 | Oji Paper Co | Process for modifying water-absorbent fibers with a practically water-insoluble inorganic compound |
-
1991
- 1991-12-11 US US07/805,025 patent/US5223090A/en not_active Ceased
-
1992
- 1992-03-05 CZ CS931830A patent/CZ183093A3/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 MX MX9200975A patent/MX9200975A/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 JP JP50826292A patent/JP3145707B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-03-05 WO PCT/US1992/001737 patent/WO1992015754A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-05 ES ES92908104T patent/ES2107532T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-05 DE DE69222190T patent/DE69222190T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-03-05 AR AR92321876A patent/AR245965A1/en active
- 1992-03-05 PL PL92300491A patent/PL171323B1/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 BR BR9205696A patent/BR9205696A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-05 CA CA002103549A patent/CA2103549A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-05 EP EP92908104A patent/EP0690938B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-05 UA UA93004133A patent/UA27109C2/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 SK SK872-93A patent/SK87293A3/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 KR KR1019930702648A patent/KR100213456B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-03-05 HU HU9302500A patent/HUT67632A/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 RO RO93-01190A patent/RO110837B1/en unknown
- 1992-03-05 AT AT92908104T patent/ATE158036T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-03-05 AU AU15845/92A patent/AU650968B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1993
- 1993-08-30 FI FI933789A patent/FI933789A/en unknown
- 1993-10-05 BG BG98139A patent/BG98139A/en unknown
- 1993-10-21 US US08/141,181 patent/USRE35460E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62162098A (en) * | 1985-12-29 | 1987-07-17 | 北越製紙株式会社 | Production of neutral paper |
JPS62199898A (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-09-03 | 北越製紙株式会社 | Production of neutral paper |
US5096539A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1992-03-17 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington | Cell wall loading of never-dried pulp fibers |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2689530A1 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-10-08 | Aussedat Rey | New complex product based on fibers and fillers, and method of manufacturing such a new product. |
DE4311505A1 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-10-14 | Aussedat Rey | New complex product based on fibers and fillers, process for its production and its use |
ES2100781A1 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1997-06-16 | Aussedat Rey Sa | Highly loaded fiber-based composite material |
US5731080A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1998-03-24 | International Paper Company | Highly loaded fiber-based composite material |
US5824364A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1998-10-20 | International Paper Company | Methods of manufacture for highly loaded fiber-based composite material |
DE4311505C2 (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1998-12-10 | Aussedat Rey | Fiber material modified with calcium carbonate, its production and use |
US5786080A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1998-07-28 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Compositions and methods for manufacturing ettringite coated fibers and aggregates |
EP2058434A1 (en) | 1999-08-13 | 2009-05-13 | Georgia-Pacific France | Herstellungsverfahren eines Papierblatts, das eine Fixierphase einer Mineralienladung auf Zellulosefasern umfasst |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69222190T2 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
EP0690938B1 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
AU650968B2 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
CA2103549A1 (en) | 1992-09-07 |
US5223090A (en) | 1993-06-29 |
DE69222190D1 (en) | 1997-10-16 |
ATE158036T1 (en) | 1997-09-15 |
RO110837B1 (en) | 1996-04-30 |
FI933789A0 (en) | 1993-08-30 |
HUT67632A (en) | 1995-04-28 |
AU1584592A (en) | 1992-10-06 |
JP3145707B2 (en) | 2001-03-12 |
KR100213456B1 (en) | 1999-08-02 |
USRE35460E (en) | 1997-02-25 |
ES2107532T3 (en) | 1997-12-01 |
BG98139A (en) | 1994-06-30 |
HU9302500D0 (en) | 1994-03-28 |
PL171323B1 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
UA27109C2 (en) | 2000-02-28 |
CZ183093A3 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
EP0690938A4 (en) | 1994-03-17 |
MX9200975A (en) | 1992-09-01 |
AR245965A1 (en) | 1994-03-30 |
SK87293A3 (en) | 1994-04-06 |
JPH06507944A (en) | 1994-09-08 |
EP0690938A1 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
BR9205696A (en) | 1994-05-24 |
FI933789A (en) | 1993-08-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5223090A (en) | Method for fiber loading a chemical compound | |
EP0403849B1 (en) | High opacity paper containing expanded fiber and mineral pigment | |
FI68282C (en) | PAPER MUSHROOMS VARI FIBRERNAS SNOW INNEHAOLLER FYLLMEDEL FRAMSTAELLNING OCH ANVAENDNING AV DENNA | |
US6958108B1 (en) | Method of producing a fiber product having a strength suitable for printing paper and packaging material | |
CA2337160C (en) | Method of providing papermaking fibers with durable curl and absorbent products incorporating same | |
CA2755493A1 (en) | Process for the production of nano-fibrillar cellulose suspensions | |
US20070131360A1 (en) | Method for manufacturing paper and paper | |
EP3604671B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing inorganic particle composite fiber sheet | |
WO2000056978A1 (en) | Method for increasing filler retention of cellulosic fiber sheets | |
WO2007065969A1 (en) | Method of producing paper and cardboard | |
KR20120094393A (en) | Method for manufacturing lignocellulosic fillers for papermaking and the lignocellulosic fillers prepared thereby | |
WO1996036750A1 (en) | Method for preparation of pigmented paper fibers and fiber products | |
RU2098534C1 (en) | Method of filling cellulose fibers with calcium carbonate, compounded paper containing cellulose fiber mass, and method of manufacturing thereof | |
CN115821635B (en) | Fibrous flexible filler high-filling paper and preparation method thereof | |
US11015295B1 (en) | Papermaking system and method | |
US20210277604A1 (en) | Papermaking system and method | |
Klungness et al. | Lightweight, High Opacity Paper: Process Costs and Energy Use Reduction | |
JPS6399396A (en) | Production of filled paper | |
Dimic-Misic et al. | The effect of micro and nanofibrillated cellulose water uptake on high filler content composite paper properties and furnish dewatering |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT AU BB BG BR CA CH CS DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR LK LU MG MN MW NL NO PL RO RU SD SE |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BF BJ CF CG CH CI CM DE DK ES FR GA GB GN GR IT LU MC ML MR NL SE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
EX32 | Extension under rule 32 effected after completion of technical preparation for international publication | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2103549 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 87293 Country of ref document: SK Ref document number: 1992908104 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 933789 Country of ref document: FI |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 93-01190 Country of ref document: RO |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PV1993-1830 Country of ref document: CZ |
|
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
EX32 | Extension under rule 32 effected after completion of technical preparation for international publication | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) |
Free format text: KZ*,UA* |
|
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: PV1993-1830 Country of ref document: CZ |
|
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
LE32 | Later election for international application filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date or according to rule 32.2 (b) | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1992908104 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1992908104 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWR | Wipo information: refused in national office |
Ref document number: PV1993-1830 Country of ref document: CZ |