WO1993004671A1 - Medicinal aerosol formulations - Google Patents
Medicinal aerosol formulations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993004671A1 WO1993004671A1 PCT/US1992/007379 US9207379W WO9304671A1 WO 1993004671 A1 WO1993004671 A1 WO 1993004671A1 US 9207379 W US9207379 W US 9207379W WO 9304671 A1 WO9304671 A1 WO 9304671A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formulation according
- drug
- propellant
- glycerol phosphatide
- glycerol
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/008—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy comprising drug dissolved or suspended in liquid propellant for inhalation via a pressurized metered dose inhaler [MDI]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/12—Aerosols; Foams
- A61K9/124—Aerosols; Foams characterised by the propellant
Definitions
- This invention relates to medicinal aerosol formulations and in particular to formulations suitable for pulmonary, nasal, buccal, or topical administration which are at least substantially free of chlorofluorocarbons.
- inhalation Since the metered dose pressurized inhaler was introduced in the mid 1950's, inhalation has become the most widely used route for delivering bronchodilator drugs and steroids to the airways of asthmatic patients. Compared with oral administration of bronchodilators, inhalation offers a rapid onset of action and a low instance of systemic side effects. More recently, inhalation from a pressurized inhaler has been a route selected for the administration of other drugs, e.g., ergotamine, which are not primarily concerned with treatment of a bronchial malady. The metered dose inhaler is dependent upon the propulsive force of a propellant system used in its manufacture.
- the propellant generally comprises a mixture of liquified chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) which are selected to provide the desired vapor pressure and stability of the formulation.
- CFC's chlorofluorocarbons
- Propellants 11, 12 and 114 are the most widely used propellants in aerosol formulations for inhalation administration.
- the aerosol formulations are generally in the form of a suspension of drug in the propellant utilizing a surfactant.
- a surfactant there are few drugs which are soluble in aerosol propellants and solution formulations have been prepared using a polar cosolvent, such as ethanol.
- European Patent No. 209547 discloses solution formulations of drugs in chlorofluorocarbon propellants in the presence of a glycerol phosphatide.
- Patent Application No. 89312270.5 discloses that 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane (Propellant 134a) , may be employed as a propellant for aerosol formulations suitable for inhalation therapy when used in combination with a compound (hereinafter an "adjuvant") having a higher polarity than Propellant 134a.
- the adjuvant should be miscible with Propellant 134a in the amounts employed.
- Suitable adjuvants include alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, neopentane, and other propellants such as those commonly referred to as Propellants 11, 12, 114, 113, 142b, 152a 124, and dimethyl ether.
- Preferred adjuvants are liquids or gases at room temperature (22°C) at atmospheric pressure. The combination of one or more of such adjuvants with
- Propellant 134a provides a propellant system which has comparable properties to those of propellant systems based on CFC's, allowing use of known surfactants and additives in the pharmaceutical formulations. This is particularly advantageous since the toxicity and use of such compounds in metered dose inhalers for drug delivery to the human lung is well established.
- hydrocarbons such as n-butane, isobutane, and propane be considered as CFC replacements in aerosol formulations.
- hydrocarbons have low densities relative to the drugs in the formulations and that suspension formulations sediment rapidly and are unacceptable.
- solubility of many drugs in these hydrocarbons is not sufficient, and solution formulations therefore do not contain suitable amounts of drug.
- an aerosol formulation which contains no dispersed phase, comprising: an aerosol propellant system comprising a propellant selected from n-butane, dimethylether, and mixtures thereof; a glycerol phosphatide; and a drug, in which the drug is dissolved in the composition in an amount greater than could be achieved in the absence of glycerol phosphatide.
- the glycerol phosphatide may be any one of the following compounds; phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) , phosphatidylethanolamine (cephalin) , phosphatidyl- inositol, phosphatidylserine, diphosphatidylglycerol, or phosphatidic acid.
- compositions of the invention appear visibly to be true solutions since there is no dispersed phase apparent, they are more correctly referred to as micellar solutions.
- the formulations of the invention can be prepared by forming a concentrate of glycerol phosphatide with a drug and propellant.
- the concentrate can be formed by simple admixture with agitation and optionally under heating, e.g., 50 ⁇ C, until complete dissolution of the drug has been attained.
- the concentrate can then be mixed with the remainder of the propellant formulation.
- Phosphatidylcholine is the most suitable glycerol phosphatide to use in view of its low toxicity and high drug solubilizing efficacy.
- Commercial grades of lecithin vary widely in phosphatidylcholine content.
- Purified phosphatidylcholine (e.g., having phosphatidylcholine content in excess of about 90% by weight) is preferred for use in this invention.
- Phosphatidylcholine purified from soya bean lecithin is readily available commercially and suitable grades include EpikuronTM 200 (Lucas-Meyer) and LipoidTM S100 (Lipoid KG) . Both products have a phosphatidylcholine content in excess of 95%.
- Suitable drugs for use in the invention include those which exhibit at least a very slight solubility in the propellant system.
- the drug will be in a relatively non-polar form, e.g., the form of an ester, base, or free alcohol.
- Highly polar ionic salts of drugs are generally less suitable since it is difficult to solubilize the drug in sufficient quantity even with the presence of a small amount of cosolvent.
- the drug is generally present in the formulation in an amount in the range from 0.1 to 15 mg/mL, usually from 2 to 10 mg/mL based on the total volume of the formulation.
- Suitable medicaments include those disclosed in European Patent Application No.
- 89312270.5 and include, but are not limited to, albuterol, beclomethasone dipropionate, fentanyl citrate, isoprenaline, rimiterol, pirbuterol, adrenaline, disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) , histamine acid sulphate, morphine and its salts, ergotamine, atropine, captopril, propranolol, diazepam, glycerol trinitrate. isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, and ipratropium bromide.
- albuterol beclomethasone dipropionate
- fentanyl citrate include, but are not limited to, albuterol, beclomethasone dipropionate, fentanyl citrate, isoprenaline, rimiterol, pirbuterol, adrenaline, disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) , histamine acid sulphate, morphine
- the propellant system contains one or both of n- butane and dimethylether and can include copropellants such as isobutane and propane.
- the propellant system may include minor amounts of other propellants, but preferably contains no more than 5% by weight of CFCs. More preferably the propellant system is free from CFCs.
- the compositions comprising drug, glycerol phosphatide, and propellant system contain one to 500, preferably one to 30, more preferably 2 to 10, parts by weight drug based on 100 parts by weight glycerol phosphatide, and 0.01 to 20, preferably 0.01 to 10, more preferably 0.01 to 3, parts by weight glycerol phosphatide based on 100 parts by weight propellant system.
- a concentrate was prepared by combining the drug, the phosphatidylcholine, and a portion of the n-butane in a pressure resistant vessel. Dissolution of this concentrate was achieved by heating for 1 hour in a water bath maintained at 55°C.
- the solution was then cooled and the remainder of the n-butane was added.
- the resulting formulation was in the form of a stable solution.
- the drug, phosphatidylcholine, and n-butane were mixed in a pressure resistant vessel to form a concentrate. Dissolution was achieved by heating for 1 hour in a water bath maintained at 55°C.
- the solution was then cooled and the dimethylether was added.
- the resulting formulation was in the form of a stable solution.
- the drug, phosphatidylcholine, and a portion of the dimethylether were mixed in a pressure resistant vessel to form a concentrate. Dissolution was achieved by agitation at room temperature.
- the solution was then cooled to -40°C followed by addition of the other components of the propellant system.
- the resulting formulation was in the form of a stable solution.
- the components were introduced into a polyethyleneterephthalate vial (15 mL) and a non- metering valve was crimped in place. An n-butane overage of 0.300 g was present in the formulation to allow for evaporation in the head space in the vial. A solution was obtained after three hours immersion in a 55°C water bath. The formulation was allowed to stand and cool to room temperature. No precipitation or crystallization was observed.
- the formulation was prepared as in Example 5.
- EXAMPLE 7 The following materials were weighed into a polyethyleneterephthalate vial and a non-metering valve was crimped in place: lal
- LipoidTM S100 phosphatidylcholine 0.700 n-Butane 5.600
- the drug (atropine in Example 8 and captopril in Example 9) and the phosphatidylcholine were weighed into a plastic coated glass bottle which was then sealed with a non-metering valve. The required quantity of n-butane was then pressure-filled into the sealed bottle to form a concentrate. The sealed bottle was then heated for 1 hour at 55°C in a water bath. The sealed bottle was then allowed to cool to room temperature and the remaining propellants were filled into the bottle.
- EXAMPLE 8 The drug, atropine (base) , was solubilized within 1 hour in the concentrate and remained in solution when the remaining propellants were added.
- EXAMPLE 9 The drug, captopril, was solubilized within one hour in the concentrate and remained in solution when the remaining propellants were added.
- EXAMPLES 10 AND 11 The following formulations were prepared:
- the formulations were prepared by weighing the drug (propranolol hydrochloride in Example 10 and diazepam in Example 11) , the phosphatidylcholine, and the ethanol into a glass vial, sealing the vial with a non-metering valve and pressure filling the required amount of n-butane into the sealed vial to form a concentrate. Each vial was then heated at 55°C for 2 hours in a water bath. The vials were allowed to cool to room temperature and the remaining propellants were filled into the vials.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92920106A EP0602181A1 (en) | 1991-09-03 | 1992-08-28 | Medicinal aerosol formulations |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB919118830A GB9118830D0 (en) | 1991-09-03 | 1991-09-03 | Medical aerosol formulations |
GB9118830.0 | 1991-09-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993004671A1 true WO1993004671A1 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
Family
ID=10700844
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1992/007379 WO1993004671A1 (en) | 1991-09-03 | 1992-08-28 | Medicinal aerosol formulations |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0602181A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2573892A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2116862A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9118830D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993004671A1 (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5653961A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-08-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Butixocort aerosol formulations in hydrofluorocarbon propellant |
WO1997038663A2 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-23 | Flemington Pharmaceutical Corporation | Buccal, non-polar spray or capsule |
US5776432A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1998-07-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Beclomethasone solution aerosol formulations |
WO2000054748A1 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-21 | Ig Sprühtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg. | Metered dose inhalers with isobutane as propellant |
US6228346B1 (en) | 1996-04-25 | 2001-05-08 | Pari Gmbh Spezialisten Fur Effektive Inhalation | Propellant mixtures and aerosols for micronizing medicaments with compressed gas |
US6660715B2 (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2003-12-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nonaqueous solutions and suspensions of macromolecules for pulmonary delivery |
US6676931B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2004-01-13 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule |
WO2004019903A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-11 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs fortreating metabolic disorders |
WO2004058221A1 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-15 | IG Sprühtechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Dosing aerosols containing lecithin as a surface-active substance |
WO2005000270A2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-06 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
US6969508B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2005-11-29 | Novadel Pharma, Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs for treating pain |
US6977070B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2005-12-20 | Novadel Pharma, Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs for treating disorders of the central nervous system |
US7632517B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2009-12-15 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray containing zolpidem |
US7919131B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2011-04-05 | Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited | Extraction of compounds from dairy products |
US9078816B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2015-07-14 | Suda Ltd. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray containing ondansetron |
US20190015430A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2019-01-17 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamin d analogue and a corticosteroid |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB970027A (en) * | 1962-05-24 | 1964-09-16 | Revlon | Aerosol compositions |
WO1986004233A1 (en) * | 1985-01-16 | 1986-07-31 | Riker Laboratories, Inc. | Drug-containing chlorofluorocarbon aerosol propellent formulations |
GB2240271A (en) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-07-31 | Euro Celtique Sa | Atropine-salbutamol aerosol |
WO1991011496A1 (en) * | 1990-02-03 | 1991-08-08 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg | Novel vehicle gases and their use in medical preparations |
-
1991
- 1991-09-03 GB GB919118830A patent/GB9118830D0/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 AU AU25738/92A patent/AU2573892A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-08-28 EP EP92920106A patent/EP0602181A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-08-28 WO PCT/US1992/007379 patent/WO1993004671A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-08-28 CA CA 2116862 patent/CA2116862A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB970027A (en) * | 1962-05-24 | 1964-09-16 | Revlon | Aerosol compositions |
WO1986004233A1 (en) * | 1985-01-16 | 1986-07-31 | Riker Laboratories, Inc. | Drug-containing chlorofluorocarbon aerosol propellent formulations |
GB2240271A (en) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-07-31 | Euro Celtique Sa | Atropine-salbutamol aerosol |
WO1991011496A1 (en) * | 1990-02-03 | 1991-08-08 | Boehringer Ingelheim Kg | Novel vehicle gases and their use in medical preparations |
Cited By (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6346232B1 (en) | 1990-10-18 | 2002-02-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of forming conductive lines |
US5776432A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1998-07-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Beclomethasone solution aerosol formulations |
US5653961A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-08-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Butixocort aerosol formulations in hydrofluorocarbon propellant |
WO1997038663A2 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-23 | Flemington Pharmaceutical Corporation | Buccal, non-polar spray or capsule |
WO1997038663A3 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1998-02-05 | Flemington Pharmaceutical Corp | Buccal, non-polar spray or capsule |
US5955098A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1999-09-21 | Flemington Pharmaceutical Corp. | Buccal non polar spray or capsule |
US6228346B1 (en) | 1996-04-25 | 2001-05-08 | Pari Gmbh Spezialisten Fur Effektive Inhalation | Propellant mixtures and aerosols for micronizing medicaments with compressed gas |
EP1952802A3 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2009-06-17 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule |
US6676931B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2004-01-13 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule |
US9078816B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2015-07-14 | Suda Ltd. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray containing ondansetron |
US8236285B2 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2012-08-07 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray containing zolpidem |
US6969508B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2005-11-29 | Novadel Pharma, Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs for treating pain |
US6977070B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2005-12-20 | Novadel Pharma, Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs for treating disorders of the central nervous system |
US6998110B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2006-02-14 | Novadel Pharma, Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule |
US7632517B2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 2009-12-15 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray containing zolpidem |
US6660715B2 (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2003-12-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Nonaqueous solutions and suspensions of macromolecules for pulmonary delivery |
WO2000054748A1 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-21 | Ig Sprühtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg. | Metered dose inhalers with isobutane as propellant |
EP2277506A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2011-01-26 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Non-polar buccal spray of a sedative |
WO2004019903A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-11 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Buccal, polar and non-polar spray or capsule containing drugs fortreating metabolic disorders |
EP2283814A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2011-02-16 | Novadel Pharma Inc. | Polar buccal spray of a sedative |
WO2004058221A1 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-15 | IG Sprühtechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Dosing aerosols containing lecithin as a surface-active substance |
JP2006517190A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2006-07-20 | イーゲー スプリューテクニーク ゲーエムベーハー ウント ツェーオー.カーゲー | Administered aerosol containing lecithin as a surfactant |
US7919131B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2011-04-05 | Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited | Extraction of compounds from dairy products |
AU2004251014B8 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2011-02-10 | Mylan Specialty L.P. | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
AU2004251014B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2010-11-25 | Mylan Specialty L.P. | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
WO2005000270A3 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-05-12 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
CN1822817B (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2012-10-10 | 德医药有限合伙公司 | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
WO2005000270A2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-06 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
US9498437B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2016-11-22 | Mylan Specialty L.P. | Inhalable formulations for treating pulmonary hypertension and methods of using same |
US20190015430A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2019-01-17 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamin d analogue and a corticosteroid |
US20190381074A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2019-12-19 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamind d analogue and a corticosteroid |
US20190388439A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2019-12-26 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamind d analogue and a corticosteroid |
US20200009160A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2020-01-09 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamind d analogue and a corticosteroid |
US10617698B2 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2020-04-14 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamind D analogue and a corticosteroid |
US10660908B2 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2020-05-26 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamin D analogue and a corticosteroid |
US10682364B2 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2020-06-16 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamind D analogue and a corticosteroid |
US10688108B2 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2020-06-23 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamin D analogue and a corticosteroid |
US10716799B2 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2020-07-21 | Leo Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical spray composition comprising a vitamin D analogue and a corticosteroid |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2116862A1 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
EP0602181A1 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
GB9118830D0 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
AU2573892A (en) | 1993-04-05 |
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