WO1993020784A1 - A microneedle for injection of ocular blood vessels - Google Patents

A microneedle for injection of ocular blood vessels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993020784A1
WO1993020784A1 PCT/US1993/003379 US9303379W WO9320784A1 WO 1993020784 A1 WO1993020784 A1 WO 1993020784A1 US 9303379 W US9303379 W US 9303379W WO 9320784 A1 WO9320784 A1 WO 9320784A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microneedle
tubing
syringe
flexible tubing
intraocular pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1993/003379
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John C. Morrison
Chester G. Moore
Original Assignee
State Of Oregon, Acting By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of The Oregon Health Sciences University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by State Of Oregon, Acting By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of The Oregon Health Sciences University filed Critical State Of Oregon, Acting By And Through The Oregon State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of The Oregon Health Sciences University
Publication of WO1993020784A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993020784A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
    • A61M37/0015—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin by using microneedles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
    • A61F9/00781—Apparatus for modifying intraocular pressure, e.g. for glaucoma treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0021—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
    • A61M2025/0042—Microcatheters, cannula or the like having outside diameters around 1 mm or less
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0082—Catheter tip comprising a tool
    • A61M25/0084—Catheter tip comprising a tool being one or more injection needles
    • A61M2025/0089—Single injection needle protruding axially, i.e. along the longitudinal axis of the catheter, from the distal tip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
    • A61M2210/06—Head
    • A61M2210/0612—Eyes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device which enables microvascula injections and manipulations directly into delicate and otherwise inaccessible bloo vessels such as the capillary beds of the eye, thus providing means for mor effectively treating diseases of the eye such as glaucoma.
  • Glaucoma is an ophthalmic disease which is manifested in most patient by an increase in intraocular pressure (normally equal to 5-25 mm of Hg sufficient to cause degeneration of the optic nerve and defects in the visual field
  • Laser treatment is often used as an alternative or in addition to drug treatment, but the results are variable and often transient.
  • the best current surgical treatment involves creating a channel for the fluid to escape out of the eye, thereby lowering the intraocular pressure. Although effective in controlling the eye pressure, this surgery has significant potential for producing sight— threatening complications including infection and bleeding, especially immediately after surgery (when eye pressure suddenly and dramatically decreases).
  • Micropipettes have been used in diagnostic procedures.
  • U.S. Patent 3,986,834 discloses a kit in which a micropipette may be included for transferring reagents undergoing analysis of blood urea.
  • U.S. Patent 4,050,316 discloses the use of an aspirator with a micropipette.
  • U.S. Patent 4,078,892 discloses the use of a micropipette in transforming plasma into a d ⁇ azo reagent for the determination of bilirubin.
  • the present invention relates to a device comprising in combination reservoir, preferably a syringe, most preferably a syringe having a volume of 1- cubic centimeters, the syringe having attached thereto a blunt needle, preferabl a blunted hypodermic needle.
  • Attached to the needle is a piece of flexible tapere tubing suitable for dispensing ophthalmic solutions; suitable tubing is preferabl polyethylene tubing, most preferably PE-50 tubing, tapered to a degree that th wider end of the tubing fits over the blunt needle and the narrower end fits ove a microneedle.
  • the microneedle comprises a glass micropipette or a metalli microneedle wherein one end of the microneedle is attached to the narrower en of the tubing.
  • the other end of the microneedle is preferably beveled.
  • Th device of the invention is useful for insertion into small blood vessels in vivo, i particular the aqueous vessels leading from the trabecular meshwork of the eye.
  • the present invention also includes within its scope a method for th treatment of glaucoma using the device provided by the invention.
  • Figures 1 through 4 are schematics of the device of the present invention
  • Figures 5A and 5B are scanning electron micrographs of a glass microneedle ti which has been beveled and magnified 1000 times.
  • Figure 6 is an illustration o the relationship of the trabecular meshwork 15 to Schlemm's canal 16 in th normal human eye.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic of a diagram of Schlemm's canal an its associated collector channels and their relationship to sclera 17 and aqueou veins 18 located on the surface of the eye.
  • Figure 1 there is seen a reservoir, preferably having a small-volume plunger-type syringe 11 (most preferably having a volume of 1 to 2 cubic centimeters), having attached at the discharge end a needle 12, preferably a blunted hypodermic needle (Figure 4).
  • the needle may be made of stainless steel, hyperchrome steel, carbon steel, chromium, nickeloid, platinum, platinumuridium, silver or gold.
  • Attached to the blunted end of the needle is a piece of ophthalmologically acceptable tapered tubing 13 about 6 - 12 inches in length and constructed of any flexible polymeric materials, including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, and like polymeric materials which are inert chemically.
  • the tubing is tapered to a degree that the wider end of the tubing fits over the blunted hypodermic needle and the narrower end fits over a microneedle ( Figure 2).
  • a microneedle 14 At the narrower end of the tubing 13, there is positioned a microneedle 14.
  • the microneedle comprises a drawn or pulled out glass micropipette.
  • the microneedle is made of any fine material, including but not limited to stainless steel, hyperchrome steel, carbon steel, chromium, nickeloid, platinum, platinumuridium, silver or gold. Suitable needles may be about 20 to 100 microns wide and 1-5 mm long. In a preferred embodiment, the tip of the microneedle is beveled, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B.
  • the flexible tubing is operatively linked at one end to the hypodermic needle and at the other end to the microneedle ( Figure 2).
  • the term "operatively linked" means physically joined so as to permit fluid flow without leaking.
  • the joints between the needle 12 and the tubing 13 and between the tubing and the micropipette or microneedle 14 are secured to prevent leakage, preferably by glue or other suitable material.
  • a small amount of glue or other rigid material forms a rigid spherical gripping means 22 that surrounds the tapered tubing at the junction of the tubing with the microneedle ( Figures 2 and 3).
  • the gripping means 22 provides a contact point for holding the microneedle with forceps or other suitable instruments. This feature of the invention allows virtually any orientation to be achieved and maintained by the operator during microvascular injection using the device.
  • the gripping means comprises a ball of glue.
  • FIG 6 illustrates the trabecular meshwork 15 to Schlemm's canal 16 i a normal human eye. Normally, aqueous humor flows through the trabecula meshwork 15 and into Schlemm's canal 16. Schlemm's canal 16 is drained through the sclera 17 into episcleral aqueous veins 18.
  • Figure 7 illustrates Schlemm's canal 16 and its associated collector channel 20 and their relationship to the aqueous veins 18. Clinically, most of these veins 18 are filled with blood but many are clearly identifiable by a clear column of aqueous humor runnin beside the red blood cells.
  • the syring is filled with an ophthalmic solution containing a therapeutic agent, preferably one which lowers intraocular pressure by reducing resistance to outflow through th trabecular network.
  • a therapeutic agent preferably one which lowers intraocular pressure by reducing resistance to outflow through th trabecular network.
  • the microneedle 14 is inserted into one of the aqueous veins 18, and the plunger of the syringe 11 is depressed allowing the ⁇ *lution to b delivered directly to the trabecular meshwork 15.
  • Using the m s needle 14 according to the present invention allows the direct entry of tfr ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ itic agents into the delicate and otherwise inaccessible trabecular meshwork of the eye.
  • the inner diameter of the needle 14 is small, it is sufficiently large to permit the injection of significant amounts of ophthalmic solutions at effectiv rates (at least 0.1 cc per 15-60 seconds). This is a significant development as the entire volume of the front chamber of the eye is about 0.25 cc.
  • the microneedle 14 could be inserted with local or in some cases even topical anesthetics, including but not limited to xylocaine and proparacaine-HCl.
  • agents designed to reduce trabecular meshwork resistance may also b delivered to the eye with this device to treat pathological conditions other than glaucoma, such as intraocular infection or inflammation.
  • antibiotics or antibacterials such as tetracyclines
  • steroids such as hydrocortisone
  • the device of the present invention has been described with particular reference to the eye, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that this invention has applications in other medical fields whenever direct microsurgical injection is indicated to deliver therapeutic agents to discrete microvascular beds.
  • An example would be neurosurgical oncology when direct injection of potent anticancer agents could be performed to treat otherwise inaccessible tumors.
  • the device according to the present invention would allow discrete injection of highly potent therapeutic agents with minimal side effects or damage to normal tissues.
  • the device is sterilized, preferably by gas sterilization such as by exposure to ethylene oxide gas.
  • the syringe is then filled with a sterile ophthalmic solution using aseptic procedures.
  • the device is then packaged with plastic, such as a low density polyethylene, and sterilized again, preferably with ethylene oxide.
  • plastic such as a low density polyethylene
  • the device can be packaged and sterilized prior to filling and the syringe filled with sterile therapeutic agent immediately prior to use.

Abstract

This invention is a device for microvascular injection and a method for treating glaucoma using the device. The device comprises a reservoir (11) attached to a blunted needle (12) connected to a flexible tapered tubing (13), at the end of which is positioned a microneedle (14) or micropipette for inserting into small blood vessels. The invention also provides a method for treating glaucoma and other diseases wherein microinjection of disease-ameliorating drugs into small blood vessels and their capillary beds would be therapeutically effective.

Description

A MICRONEEDLE FOR INJECTION OF OCULAR BLOOD VESSELS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention was made with government support under Gran
#1-2-409-540 by the Veterans' Administration. The government has certain right in the invention.
1. Field of The Invention
The present invention relates to a device which enables microvascula injections and manipulations directly into delicate and otherwise inaccessible bloo vessels such as the capillary beds of the eye, thus providing means for mor effectively treating diseases of the eye such as glaucoma.
2. Background of the Invention
Glaucoma is an ophthalmic disease which is manifested in most patient by an increase in intraocular pressure (normally equal to 5-25 mm of Hg sufficient to cause degeneration of the optic nerve and defects in the visual field
It is a major cause of preventable blindness, affecting 2% of the adult population Clinically, it is characterized by a specific type of optic nerve damage whic accompanies the pathological increase in intraocular pressure. Most instances o elevated intraocular pressure are due to increased resistance to aqueous humo outflow from the trabecular eshwork, a sieve-like ringed structure located at th juncture of the iris and cornea.
Conventional glaucoma therapy concentrates on lowering intraocula pressure, either through eye drops, laser treatments, or surgery, all of which hav significant drawbacks. Eye drops have been prescribed (either alone or usuall in combination) either to inhibit the secretion of aqueous humor by the ciliar processes ("beta-blockers") or to improve escape of aqueous humor from the ey (such as pilocarpine, the miotic). To be effective, however, these drugs need t be administered in highly concentrated dosages because of poor penetration of th drugs into the eye. The administration of these drugs in such highly concentrate dosages creates a strong potential for ocular and systemic side effects, since much of these drugs drain into the nose and are absorbed into the bloodstream through the nasal lining. This is particularly a problem when the drugs must be administered on a continuous basis over a patient's lifetime. Laser treatment is often used as an alternative or in addition to drug treatment, but the results are variable and often transient. The best current surgical treatment involves creating a channel for the fluid to escape out of the eye, thereby lowering the intraocular pressure. Although effective in controlling the eye pressure, this surgery has significant potential for producing sight— threatening complications including infection and bleeding, especially immediately after surgery (when eye pressure suddenly and dramatically decreases).
Accordingly, there is a need for new therapeutic approaches to lower intraocular pressure, using agents to alter the function of the trabecular meshwork permanently or at least on a prolonged basis. An important step towards such a therapy would be direct delivery of the agent into the trabecular meshwork. This approach would eliminate the problems of ocular or systemic side effects which have been encountered heretofore with the chronic therapeutic use of eye drops given in highly concentrated dosages. In addition, the margin of safety of such a therapy would be greatly improved over surgery if the administered drug acted gradually to lower intraocular pressure.
Micropipettes have been used in diagnostic procedures.
U.S. Patent 3,986,834 discloses a kit in which a micropipette may be included for transferring reagents undergoing analysis of blood urea.
U.S. Patent 4,050,316 discloses the use of an aspirator with a micropipette.
U.S. Patent 4,078,892 discloses the use of a micropipette in transforming plasma into a dϊazo reagent for the determination of bilirubin.
Toth et al, 1992, Amer. J. Ophthalmol. 113.: 175-182 disclose ultramicrosurgical removal of subretinal hemmorhage in cats using a microneedle. Frenkel et al., 1989, Vestn. Ofthalmol. 1Q5: 27-29 disclose the optimal shape of microneedles for suturing solid biological tissues, and the use of such needles for ophthalmological surgery.
Hori et al, 1983, Gann 74: 122-127 disclose the use of micropipetted t partially occlude microvessels without disturbing microcirculation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device comprising in combination reservoir, preferably a syringe, most preferably a syringe having a volume of 1- cubic centimeters, the syringe having attached thereto a blunt needle, preferabl a blunted hypodermic needle. Attached to the needle is a piece of flexible tapere tubing suitable for dispensing ophthalmic solutions; suitable tubing is preferabl polyethylene tubing, most preferably PE-50 tubing, tapered to a degree that th wider end of the tubing fits over the blunt needle and the narrower end fits ove a microneedle. The microneedle comprises a glass micropipette or a metalli microneedle wherein one end of the microneedle is attached to the narrower en of the tubing. The other end of the microneedle is preferably beveled. Th device of the invention is useful for insertion into small blood vessels in vivo, i particular the aqueous vessels leading from the trabecular meshwork of the eye.
The present invention also includes within its scope a method for th treatment of glaucoma using the device provided by the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1 through 4 are schematics of the device of the present invention Figures 5A and 5B are scanning electron micrographs of a glass microneedle ti which has been beveled and magnified 1000 times. Figure 6 is an illustration o the relationship of the trabecular meshwork 15 to Schlemm's canal 16 in th normal human eye. Figure 7 is a schematic of a diagram of Schlemm's canal an its associated collector channels and their relationship to sclera 17 and aqueou veins 18 located on the surface of the eye.
DETAH.ED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A complete understanding of the invention may be better obtained b referring to the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 to 4 inclusive. In Figure 1, there is seen a reservoir, preferably having a small-volume plunger-type syringe 11 (most preferably having a volume of 1 to 2 cubic centimeters), having attached at the discharge end a needle 12, preferably a blunted hypodermic needle (Figure 4). The needle may be made of stainless steel, hyperchrome steel, carbon steel, chromium, nickeloid, platinum, platinumuridium, silver or gold. Attached to the blunted end of the needle is a piece of ophthalmologically acceptable tapered tubing 13 about 6 - 12 inches in length and constructed of any flexible polymeric materials, including but not limited to polyethylene, polypropylene, and like polymeric materials which are inert chemically. The tubing is tapered to a degree that the wider end of the tubing fits over the blunted hypodermic needle and the narrower end fits over a microneedle (Figure 2). At the narrower end of the tubing 13, there is positioned a microneedle 14. This aspect of the invention may be seen more clearly in Figure 3 A and 3B. In one embodiment of the invention, the microneedle comprises a drawn or pulled out glass micropipette. In other embodiments, the microneedle is made of any fine material, including but not limited to stainless steel, hyperchrome steel, carbon steel, chromium, nickeloid, platinum, platinumuridium, silver or gold. Suitable needles may be about 20 to 100 microns wide and 1-5 mm long. In a preferred embodiment, the tip of the microneedle is beveled, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B. The flexible tubing is operatively linked at one end to the hypodermic needle and at the other end to the microneedle (Figure 2). For the purposes of this invention, the term "operatively linked" means physically joined so as to permit fluid flow without leaking. The joints between the needle 12 and the tubing 13 and between the tubing and the micropipette or microneedle 14 are secured to prevent leakage, preferably by glue or other suitable material. At the junction of the needle and the tubing, a small amount of glue or other rigid material forms a rigid spherical gripping means 22 that surrounds the tapered tubing at the junction of the tubing with the microneedle (Figures 2 and 3). The gripping means 22 provides a contact point for holding the microneedle with forceps or other suitable instruments. This feature of the invention allows virtually any orientation to be achieved and maintained by the operator during microvascular injection using the device. I a preferred embodiment, the gripping means comprises a ball of glue.
Figure 6 illustrates the trabecular meshwork 15 to Schlemm's canal 16 i a normal human eye. Normally, aqueous humor flows through the trabecula meshwork 15 and into Schlemm's canal 16. Schlemm's canal 16 is drained through the sclera 17 into episcleral aqueous veins 18. Figure 7 illustrates Schlemm's canal 16 and its associated collector channel 20 and their relationship to the aqueous veins 18. Clinically, most of these veins 18 are filled with blood but many are clearly identifiable by a clear column of aqueous humor runnin beside the red blood cells.
In the practice of the present invention in treating glaucoma, the syring is filled with an ophthalmic solution containing a therapeutic agent, preferably one which lowers intraocular pressure by reducing resistance to outflow through th trabecular network. The microneedle 14 is inserted into one of the aqueous veins 18, and the plunger of the syringe 11 is depressed allowing the τ*lution to b delivered directly to the trabecular meshwork 15. Using the m sneedle 14 according to the present invention allows the direct entry of tfr<~ αitic agents into the delicate and otherwise inaccessible trabecular meshwork of the eye. Although the inner diameter of the needle 14 is small, it is sufficiently large to permit the injection of significant amounts of ophthalmic solutions at effectiv rates (at least 0.1 cc per 15-60 seconds). This is a significant development as the entire volume of the front chamber of the eye is about 0.25 cc.
Depending on the clinical condition of the patient, the microneedle 14 could be inserted with local or in some cases even topical anesthetics, including but not limited to xylocaine and proparacaine-HCl.
In addition to agents designed to reduce trabecular meshwork resistance, other therapeutic agents, [such as antibiotics or antibacterials (such as tetracyclines), steroids (such as hydrocortisone), and the like] may also b delivered to the eye with this device to treat pathological conditions other than glaucoma, such as intraocular infection or inflammation.
While the device of the present invention has been described with particular reference to the eye, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that this invention has applications in other medical fields whenever direct microsurgical injection is indicated to deliver therapeutic agents to discrete microvascular beds. An example would be neurosurgical oncology when direct injection of potent anticancer agents could be performed to treat otherwise inaccessible tumors. By allowing access to very small blood vessels with their small perfiision beds, the device according to the present invention would allow discrete injection of highly potent therapeutic agents with minimal side effects or damage to normal tissues. Li a commercial embodiment of the present invention, the device is sterilized, preferably by gas sterilization such as by exposure to ethylene oxide gas. The syringe is then filled with a sterile ophthalmic solution using aseptic procedures. The device is then packaged with plastic, such as a low density polyethylene, and sterilized again, preferably with ethylene oxide. Alternatively, the device can be packaged and sterilized prior to filling and the syringe filled with sterile therapeutic agent immediately prior to use.
It should be understood that the foregoing disclosure emphasizes certain specific embodiments of the invention and that all modifications or alternatives equivalent thereto are within the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims-

Claims

WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A device for microvascular injection of a solution into a sma blood vessel in vivo, comprising in combination: a) a reservoir comprising a syringe and a hypodermic needl b) a fiexible tubing having a tapered bore and a first end an a second end, the first end of the flexible tubing bein operatively linked to the hypodermic needle, wherein th bore of the tapered tubing at the first end is sufficient to over the hypodermic needle; and c) a microneedle having a first end and a second end, the fir end of the microneedle being operatively linked to th second end of the flexible tubing, wherein the bore of th flexible tubing at the second end is sufficient to fit over th first end of the microneedle, and the second end of th microneedle having an outer diameter of about 20 micro to about 100 microns.
2. A device according to claim 1 wherein the second end of th microneedle is beveled.
3. A device according to claim 2 wherein the microneedle is a draw glass micropipette.
4. A device according to claim 1 wherein the hypodermic needle i blunted.
5. A device according to claim 1 having rigid spherical grippin means surrounding the tapered bore of the second end of the flexible tubing.
6. A device according to claim 5 wherein the rigid spherical grippin means comprises a bead of glue.
7. A device according to claim 1 wherein the syringe has a volume 1 to 2 cubic centimeters.
8. A device according to claim 1 wherein the flexible tubing constructed of polyethylene plastic.
9. A device according to claim 1 in which the syringe contains a intraocular pressure lowering agent.
10. A device according to claim 1 in which the syringe contains an antibacterial agent.
11. A device according to claim 1 in which the syringe contains an anti-inflammatory agent.
12. A device according to claim 1 in which the syringe contains an anti-cancer agent.
13. A method for the treatment of glaucoma which comprises inserting a microneedle into aqueous veins of a patient's eye and injecting an amount of an intraocular pressure lowering agent.
14. A method according to claim 13 wherein the intraocular pressure lowering agent is injected at a rate of about 0.1 to about 0.6 cubic centimeters per minute.
PCT/US1993/003379 1992-04-10 1993-04-09 A microneedle for injection of ocular blood vessels WO1993020784A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86656192A 1992-04-10 1992-04-10
US866,561 1992-04-10

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US8177747B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2012-05-15 Alcon Research, Ltd. Method and apparatus for drug delivery
US8372036B2 (en) 2009-05-06 2013-02-12 Alcon Research, Ltd. Multi-layer heat assembly for a drug delivery device
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