WO1994012030A1 - Injectable composition - Google Patents
Injectable composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994012030A1 WO1994012030A1 PCT/US1993/011199 US9311199W WO9412030A1 WO 1994012030 A1 WO1994012030 A1 WO 1994012030A1 US 9311199 W US9311199 W US 9311199W WO 9412030 A1 WO9412030 A1 WO 9412030A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- taxol
- solution
- acid
- composition
- castor oil
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/337—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having four-membered rings, e.g. taxol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
Definitions
- This invention relates to a solution of taxol having improved stability.
- Taxol is a compound extracted from the bark of a western yew, Taxus brevifolia and known for its antineoplastic activity. It is described for example in The Merck Index, Eleventh Edition 1989, monograph 9049.
- taxol was chosen for development as an antineoplastic agent because of its unique mechanism of action and good cytotoxic activity against IP implanted D16 melanoma and the human X-l mammary tumor xenograft.
- Taxol is believed to function as a mitotic spindle poison and as a potent inhibitor of cell replication in vitro. Other mitotic spindle points (colchicine and podophyllotoxin) inhibit microtubule assembly. Taxol employs a different mechanism of action since it appears to shift the equilibrium of polymerimization/depolymerization toward polymer assembly and to stabilize microtubules against depolymerization under conditions which would cause rapid disaggregation of microtubules. The interference with the polymerization/depolymerization cycle in cells appears to interfere with both the replication and migration of cells.
- taxol After extensive preclinical screening in mouse tumor models, taxol entered clinical trials in 1983. Over the past few years, taxol has demonstrated good response rates in treating both ovarian and breast cancer patients who were not benefiting from vinca alkaloid or cisplatin therapy. It has also shown encouraging results in patients with other types of cancer including lung, melanoma, lymphoma, head and neck.
- the invention provides a solution containing taxol, cremophor EL TM and ethanol, characterized in that the pH of the solution has been adjusted into the range 1 to 8 by addition of an acid.
- Acids in the form of powders for example citric acid, are preferred over those which contain water, for example sulfuric acid.
- the most preferred acid for use in accordance with the present invention is citric acid but a wide range of acids may be used including the following:
- Taxol Due to its limited solubility in water, Taxol is usually prepared and administered in a vehicle containing cremophor EL
- TM a polyethoxylated castor oil which acts as a solubilizer
- ethanol a commercially available solution supplied by Bristol- Myers Squibb (BMS) is formulated with these components and has a pH of 9.1.
- the invention essentially teaches addition of an acid to a taxol formulation to adjust its pH into the range 1 to 8, preferable 5 to 7.
- Citric acid was dissolved in absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 mis of absolute alcohol to 1 gram of citric acid, and the solution was stirred for fifteen (15) minutes.
- SOLUTION 2
- Cremophor EL was weighed out into the main mixing vessel. SOLUTION 3
- Solution 1 was added to solution 2, and the container used for solution 2 was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol to ensure complete transfer of the citric acid.
- Solution 3 was mixed and bubbled with nitrogen for at least 15 minutes.
- the taxol was weighed out and slurried using absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 ml of absolute alcohol to 1 gm of taxol.
- the slurried taxol was added to solution 3 and the slurrying vessel was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol.
- Solution 3 was adjusted to 75% of required volume using absolute alcohol, and thoroughly stirred for at least 45 minutes until completely dissolved. Once completely dissolved, the volume was checked and made up as necessary with absolute alcohol and the final solution stirred for 5 minutes.
- Example 1 Example 1
- the solutions were filled into clear type 1 glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
Abstract
A composition of taxol and polyethoxylated castor oil is pH balanced to have a pH less than 8.1 to improve stability. This composition can include an acid, preferably citric acid, to adjust the pH value. The invention includes a method of formulating a taxol solution for injection by mixing an acid with a carrier material, such as castor oil, to form a carrier solution after which taxol is mixed with the carrier solution to form the taxol solution at a pH of less than 8.1.
Description
INJECTABLE COMPOSITION
This invention relates to a solution of taxol having improved stability.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Taxol is a compound extracted from the bark of a western yew, Taxus brevifolia and known for its antineoplastic activity. It is described for example in The Merck Index, Eleventh Edition 1989, monograph 9049.
In 1977, taxol was chosen for development as an antineoplastic agent because of its unique mechanism of action and good cytotoxic activity against IP implanted D16 melanoma and the human X-l mammary tumor xenograft.
Taxol is believed to function as a mitotic spindle poison and as a potent inhibitor of cell replication in vitro. Other mitotic spindle points (colchicine and podophyllotoxin) inhibit microtubule assembly. Taxol employs a different mechanism of action since it appears to shift the equilibrium of polymerimization/depolymerization toward polymer assembly and to stabilize microtubules against depolymerization under conditions which would cause rapid disaggregation of microtubules. The interference with the polymerization/depolymerization cycle in cells appears to interfere with both the replication and migration of cells.
After extensive preclinical screening in mouse tumor models, taxol entered clinical trials in 1983. Over the past few years, taxol has demonstrated good response rates in treating both ovarian and breast cancer patients who were not benefiting from vinca alkaloid or cisplatin therapy. It has also shown encouraging results in patients with other types of cancer including lung, melanoma, lymphoma, head and neck.
For further information, reference may be made to the U.S. National Cancer Institute's Clinical Brochure for Taxol, revised July 1991, and papers presented at the Second National Cancer Institute Workshop on Taxol and Taxus held in Alexandria, Virginia USA on September 23-24, 1992. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is a disadvantage of the known formulation that the
taxol therein degrades, with the result that the shelf life of the formulation is unsatisfactory, and there is therefore a need for a taxol solution of improved stability.
Accordingly, in a general aspect the invention provides a solution containing taxol, cremophor EL ™ and ethanol, characterized in that the pH of the solution has been adjusted into the range 1 to 8 by addition of an acid. Acids in the form of powders, for example citric acid, are preferred over those which contain water, for example sulfuric acid. The most preferred acid for use in accordance with the present invention is citric acid but a wide range of acids may be used including the following:
Citric acid - monohydrous
Citric acid - anhydrous
Citric acid - hydrous
Acetic acid
Formic acid
Ascorbic acid
Aspartic acid
Benzene sulphonic acid
Benzoic acid
Hydrochloric acid
Sulphuric acid
Phosphoric acid
Nitric acid
Tartaric acid
Diatrizoic acid
Glutamic acid
Lactic acid
Maleic acid
Succinic acid
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Due to its limited solubility in water, Taxol is usually prepared and administered in a vehicle containing cremophor EL
™ (a polyethoxylated castor oil which acts as a solubilizer) and ethanol. A commercially available solution supplied by
Bristol- Myers Squibb (BMS) is formulated with these components and has a pH of 9.1.
As indicated above, the invention essentially teaches addition of an acid to a taxol formulation to adjust its pH into the range 1 to 8, preferable 5 to 7.
In a preferred procedure adopted by the applicant, which it will be clearly understood is non-limiting, the following steps were carried out: Mixing Instructions SOLUTION 1
Citric acid was dissolved in absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 mis of absolute alcohol to 1 gram of citric acid, and the solution was stirred for fifteen (15) minutes. SOLUTION 2
Cremophor EL was weighed out into the main mixing vessel. SOLUTION 3
Solution 1 was added to solution 2, and the container used for solution 2 was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol to ensure complete transfer of the citric acid. Solution 3 was mixed and bubbled with nitrogen for at least 15 minutes. The taxol was weighed out and slurried using absolute alcohol, using a ratio of 8 ml of absolute alcohol to 1 gm of taxol. The slurried taxol was added to solution 3 and the slurrying vessel was washed with a minimum quantity of absolute alcohol. Solution 3 was adjusted to 75% of required volume using absolute alcohol, and thoroughly stirred for at least 45 minutes until completely dissolved. Once completely dissolved, the volume was checked and made up as necessary with absolute alcohol and the final solution stirred for 5 minutes. Example 1
A solution was prepared with the following formulation: Formulation: (Sample 1) Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Citric Acid (Anhydrous) 2.0 mg Taxol 6.0 mg
Absolute Alcohol to 1.0 mL
The pH of this solution was determined as 6.1.
The stability of this sample was compared with a sample prepared by the formulation stated in the NCI Taxol Clinical brochure (as follows) which had a pH of 9.1. (Sample 2)
The solutions were filled into clear type 1 glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
The solutions were stored at 40°C for 7 (seven) days and the stability results are shown in Table 1.
Sample 1 Sample 2 pH 6.2 9.0
Potency 96.6 86.7
Major individual 0.3% 5.1% impurity Total impurities 2.0% 12.2%
Clearly Sample 1 showed significantly increased stability over Sample 2. Example 2
A solution was prepared with the following formulation: Formulation: (Sample 3. Cremophor EL 0.5 mL
Taxol 6.0 mg
Absolute Ethanol to 1 mL pH adjusted to 6.6 with 1.0M Acetic Acid. The solution was filled into clear type I glass 5 mL vials and sealed with rubber bungs.
The solution was stored at 40°C for 7 days. The stability results obtained are compared to those seen with Sample 2.
Again the significantly superior stability of the formulation according to the invention (Sample 3) is evident.
It will be clearly understood that the invention in its general aspects is not limited to the specific details referred to hereinabove.
Claims
1. A composition comprising taxol in a polyethoxylated castor oil wherein said composition has a pH less than 8.1.
2. A method of formulating a taxol solution for injection in which the taxol does not readily degrade, comprising the following steps: mixing acid with a carrier material to form a first carrier solution; and mixing taxol with the first carrier solution to form a taxol solution having a pH of less than 8.1 whereby the taxol in the taxol solution does not readily degrade.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein said acid is acetic acid.
4. A method according to claim 2 wherein said acid is citric acid.
5. A method according to claim 2 wherein said carrier material is polyethoxylated castor oil.
6. A composite comprising: taxol; castor oil; and anhydrous citric acid in sufficient amounts to adjust the pH of the composition to less than 8.1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU56126/94A AU5612694A (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPL607492 | 1992-11-27 | ||
AUPL6074 | 1992-11-27 | ||
US99550192A | 1992-12-22 | 1992-12-22 | |
US07/995,501 | 1992-12-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994012030A1 true WO1994012030A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
Family
ID=25644377
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1993/011209 WO1994012031A1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable composition |
PCT/US1993/011199 WO1994012030A1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable composition |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1993/011209 WO1994012031A1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-18 | Injectable composition |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (7) | US5733888A (en) |
EP (4) | EP0835657B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2880292B2 (en) |
AT (2) | ATE169216T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5612694A (en) |
CA (2) | CA2149150C (en) |
DE (2) | DE69320206T2 (en) |
DK (2) | DK0674510T3 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2224200T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3027724T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT835657E (en) |
WO (2) | WO1994012031A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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EP1384474A1 (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 2004-01-28 | Napro Biotherapeutics, Inc. | Injectable composition containing taxol |
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EP1500393A1 (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 2005-01-26 | Mayne Pharma (USA) Inc. | Injectable composition containing taxol |
EP0645145A2 (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-03-29 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Stabilized pharmaceutical composition and stabilizing solvent |
EP0645145A3 (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-05-24 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Stabilized pharmaceutical composition and stabilizing solvent. |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6306894B1 (en) | 2001-10-23 |
ATE169216T1 (en) | 1998-08-15 |
DK0835657T3 (en) | 2005-01-10 |
US20030065022A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
ATE274347T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
US6770670B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 |
US6140359A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
EP0674510B1 (en) | 1998-08-05 |
JP2880292B2 (en) | 1999-04-05 |
DE69320206D1 (en) | 1998-09-10 |
CA2149150C (en) | 2000-08-01 |
EP0674510A1 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
CA2149150A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
EP0835657A1 (en) | 1998-04-15 |
JPH08503945A (en) | 1996-04-30 |
DE69320206T2 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
ES2224200T3 (en) | 2005-03-01 |
AU5612694A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
EP1500393A1 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
DK0674510T3 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
CA2308082A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
EP0674510A4 (en) | 1995-08-12 |
PT835657E (en) | 2004-11-30 |
EP0835657B1 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
DE69333605T2 (en) | 2005-02-03 |
US5972992A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
EP1384474A1 (en) | 2004-01-28 |
US5733888A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
GR3027724T3 (en) | 1998-11-30 |
WO1994012031A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
US20040204479A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
ES2119996T3 (en) | 1998-10-16 |
US5977164A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
DE69333605D1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
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