WO1995012797A1 - Cooling of hot bodies - Google Patents
Cooling of hot bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995012797A1 WO1995012797A1 PCT/GB1994/002369 GB9402369W WO9512797A1 WO 1995012797 A1 WO1995012797 A1 WO 1995012797A1 GB 9402369 W GB9402369 W GB 9402369W WO 9512797 A1 WO9512797 A1 WO 9512797A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- liquid coolant
- coolant
- droplets
- temperature responsive
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
- F27D1/1808—Removable covers
- F27D1/1816—Removable covers specially adapted for arc furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4646—Cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
- F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
- F27D2009/001—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium being a fluid other than a gas
- F27D2009/0013—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium being a fluid other than a gas the fluid being water
- F27D2009/0016—Water-spray
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of cooling a hot body and to a body which, in use, has to be cooled with liquid coolant.
- a particular, but not sole, application of the invention is to a method of cooling a part of a vessel containing molten metal and to such vessels.
- thermocouples are used to determine the temperature of the surface and this information is transmitted to a temperature controller remote from the body. This controller controls the supply of liquid coolant passing through one or more valves, also away from the body, to one or more sprays located adjacent to the body.
- thermocouples on the surface to be cooled and one or more valves and a controller remote from the surface inevitably means that there are long electrical connections and coolant lines between the surface and the remote position where the valves and the controller are located.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of controlling the surface temperature. The result is usually a reduction in capital cost and more sensitive control of surface temperature.
- a quantity of liquid coolant is atomised by a gaseous medium at one or more spray nozzles and the droplets of atomised coolant are sprayed on to a surface of the body to be cooled, the volume of liquid coolant applied in a given time period is controlled so that it does not exceed the volume of liquid coolant which is vaporised by contact with the surface of the hot body in the given time period; and the supply of liquid coolant to the or each spray nozzle is controlled by at least one valve the operation of which is brought about by the action of a non-electrical temperature responsive element in thermal contact with the surface.
- the valve which controls the supply of liquid coolant to the or each spray nozzle is in turn controlled by a non-electrical temperature responsive element which is in thermal contact with the surface to be cooled, it will be clear that the valve is on, or very close to, the surface to be cooled and the element may be considered to be part of the valve. There are no electrical connections between sensors on the surface and either the valve or a controller at a position remote from the surface.
- the control of liquid coolant is determined entirely by the or each valve which is on, or very close to, the surface.
- the part of the element which is in thermal contact with the surface is conveniently a chamber embedded in the surface and which is connected to the valve by a capillary tube containing a fluid. An increase in temperature to the control temperature causes thermal expansion or an increase of the vapour pressure of the fluid in the element/capillary tube and opens the valve.
- a body which in use has to be cooled with liquid coolant, said body having one or more spray nozzles arranged to receive liquid coolant and gaseous medium and to discharge droplets of atomised coolant onto a surface of the body, at least one valve which serves to control the supply of liquid coolant to the or each nozzle and which is operated under the action of a non-electrical temperature responsive element in thermal contact with the surface of the body so that the volume of coolant applied in a given time period does not exceed the volume of liquid coolant which is vaporised by contact with the surface of the hot body in the given time period.
- a single valve may control the supply of liquid coolant to a single nozzle, to a single spray bar upon which two or more nozzles may be mounted, or to a group of spray bars.
- each valve is mounted on a branch pipe connected to a ring main through which the coolant circulates.
- the pressure within the ring main is controlled within limits so that, if any valve on the vessel is open to supply coolant to the or each spray nozzle to cool the relevant part of the vessel, make-up coolant is supplied in a controlled manner to the ring main.
- the temperature of the surface to be cooled is sensed by the elements. As the surface temperature rises, eventually the valve opens and allows coolant to flow to the or each spray nozzle.
- Air is continuously supplied to the or each nozzle so, as soon as liquid is supplied to the nozzle, atomisation of the coolant is achieved at low pressure and efficient evaporative cooling results in the region where the atomised coolant is deposited.
- the surface and element in contact with the surface cool and eventually the valve is closed.
- the system may be tuned to operate over a required temperature range, typically between 300°C and 250°C though, with advantage, between, for example, 250°C and 200°C when small surface areas may be treated independently.
- the vessel temperature is far from uniform.
- a vessel containing molten metal may be tilted less to a charging side than to a tapping side. This results in a build up of slag on the charging side while the vessel lining on the tapping side wears away. Consequently, the vessel shell on the tapping side tends to be hotter than on the charging side.
- each region of the vessel requires its own cooling system under its own independent control.
- the present invention provides an arrangement by which a simple control system may be used, for example, for the whole of the top cone region of the vessel while allowing for different cooling requirements around the circumference of the vessel.
- the gaseous medium conveniently air
- the spray nozzles so that, when no cooling is required, dust is excluded from the nozzles.
- the thermostatic valves it is also convenient for the thermostatic valves to be constructed so that when no cooling is required, the valves and the spray nozzles are purged of coolant, usually water, and this reduces the possibility of evaporation of coolant in the spray bars and nozzles which would result in the deposition of dissolved solids inside them.
- Figures 1 and 2 are diagrammatic perspective views of a part of a steel making vessel illustrating alternative embodiments of the invention.
- the cone defining the open top of a furnace vessel is indicated by reference numeral 1.
- a main pipe 2 Extending around the outer surface of the cone is a main pipe 2 having connections (not shown) by which air under pressure is supplied to the pipe.
- a main pipe 3 extends around the cone and connections (not shown) supply coolant liquid, usually water, to the pipe.
- each structure comprises an air pipe 6 and a water pipe 7.
- the air pipe is connected at one end to the air main pipe 2 and is closed at the other end.
- the water pipe 7 is connected at one end to a valve 8 and the other end is closed.
- the valve is connected to the main pipe 3.
- a plurality of air- mist nozzles 9 are connected to the pipes 6 and 7.
- the surface of each region 4 has a non-electrical temperature responsive element in thermal contact therewith.
- each element 10 comprises a bulb in a pocket formed in the surface and the bulb is connected to the valve 8 by a capillary tube 11.
- a fluid is present in the bulb and the capillary tube.
- the valve 8 is operable by changes in pressure applied to it by the fluid in the bulb and capillary tube.
- the temperature responsive element 12 is an open/shut valve which is thermostatically controlled. Air from the main pipe 2 is supplied to the input of the element 12 by a small bore tube 13 and the outlet of the element is connected to the valve 8 by another small bore tube 14.
- the element 12 may be operated by bi-metallic expansion or by expansion of a fluid contained in a chamber in the element. As the surface reaches the design temperature, element 12 opens, allowing air to pass through the tubes 13 and 14 to operate the valve 8. Similarly when the temperature drops, the element 12 closes and tube 14 is vented to atmosphere allowing valve 8 to close.
- the element 12 may open and close at the upper design temperature. As the temperature increases through say 300°C the element 12 opens. This allows valve 8 to operate.
- each region can be reduced to produce an accurate control of the temperature of the region.
- some regions may be deliberately arranged to operate at different temperatures.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR9407882A BR9407882A (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | Method for cooling a hot body and body that in use has to be cooled with a coolant |
US08/632,485 US5797274A (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | Cooling of hot bodies |
EP94931113A EP0729560B1 (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | Cooling of hot bodies |
KR1019960702316A KR960706060A (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | COOLING OF HOT BODIES |
AU79995/94A AU679580B2 (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | Cooling of hot bodies |
DE69411755T DE69411755T2 (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | COOLING HOT BODIES |
JP7513067A JPH09504600A (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | Hot body cooling |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB939322696A GB9322696D0 (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1993-11-03 | Cooling of hot bodies |
GB9322696.7 | 1993-11-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995012797A1 true WO1995012797A1 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
Family
ID=10744597
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1994/002369 WO1995012797A1 (en) | 1993-11-03 | 1994-10-28 | Cooling of hot bodies |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5797274A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0729560B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH09504600A (en) |
KR (1) | KR960706060A (en) |
AU (1) | AU679580B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9407882A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2172806A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69411755T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9322696D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995012797A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA948627B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2330898A (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 1999-05-05 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Cooling a surface of a metallurgical vessel |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6293121B1 (en) * | 1988-10-13 | 2001-09-25 | Gaudencio A. Labrador | Water-mist blower cooling system and its new applications |
US6250091B1 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-26 | George A. Jerome | Efficient structure cooling system |
US6595014B2 (en) | 2001-02-22 | 2003-07-22 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Spray cooling system with cooling regime detection |
US6484521B2 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-11-26 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Spray cooling with local control of nozzles |
US6604370B2 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2003-08-12 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Variably configured sprayjet cooling system |
US7082778B2 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2006-08-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Self-contained spray cooling module |
US6467694B1 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-10-22 | George A. Jerome | Fail-safe structure cooling system |
FR2842215B1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-08-13 | Pechiney Aluminium | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COOLING AN ELECTROLYSIS TANK FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM |
US6880350B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2005-04-19 | Isothermal Systems Research, Inc. | Dynamic spray system |
US6857283B2 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2005-02-22 | Isothermal Systems Research, Inc. | Semiconductor burn-in thermal management system |
FR2844582B1 (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2005-06-17 | H Raymond Guyomarc | REGULATOR COOLING SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING WALL TEMPERATURES SUBJECT TO THERMAL PRODUCTION |
US6955063B2 (en) * | 2003-06-14 | 2005-10-18 | Nanomist Systems, Llc | Cooling of electronics and high density power dissipation systems by fine-mist flooding |
US7240500B2 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2007-07-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Dynamic fluid sprayjet delivery system |
US20080020265A1 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-01-24 | Alcoa Inc. | Sidewall temperature control systems and methods and improved electrolysis cells relating to same |
US20080041083A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-21 | Al-Garni Ahmed Z | Low-cost air conditioning system for open area |
DE102013017655B4 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2017-01-05 | Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Arrangement and method for cooling a plasma-based radiation source |
US11175094B2 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-11-16 | Systems Spray-Cooled, Inc. | Dynamic cooling of a metallurgical furnace |
CN112556429A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-26 | 九江市钒宇新材料股份有限公司 | Vanadium-nitrogen alloy kiln capable of saving heat energy |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1043591B (en) * | 1956-11-09 | 1958-11-13 | Strico Ges Fuer Metallurg | Device for regulating the amount of cooling water |
FR2206466A1 (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1974-06-07 | Controls Co Of America | |
EP0044512A1 (en) * | 1980-07-19 | 1982-01-27 | Fuchs Systemtechnik GmbH | Method and apparatus for the cooling of vessel parts of a metallurgical furnace, especially an electric-arc furnace |
WO1989003011A1 (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-04-06 | Davy Mckee (Stockton) Limited | Vessels for containing molten metal |
US5044551A (en) * | 1988-01-08 | 1991-09-03 | Fuji Koki Mfg. Co. Ltd. | Thermo bulb for use with the thermostatic expansion valve |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4552303A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1985-11-12 | Industrial Sheet Metal & Mechanical Corp. | Air-conditioning system |
-
1993
- 1993-11-03 GB GB939322696A patent/GB9322696D0/en active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-10-28 DE DE69411755T patent/DE69411755T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-28 AU AU79995/94A patent/AU679580B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-28 CA CA002172806A patent/CA2172806A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-28 JP JP7513067A patent/JPH09504600A/en active Pending
- 1994-10-28 BR BR9407882A patent/BR9407882A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-10-28 US US08/632,485 patent/US5797274A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-28 EP EP94931113A patent/EP0729560B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-28 KR KR1019960702316A patent/KR960706060A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-10-28 WO PCT/GB1994/002369 patent/WO1995012797A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-11-02 ZA ZA948627A patent/ZA948627B/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1043591B (en) * | 1956-11-09 | 1958-11-13 | Strico Ges Fuer Metallurg | Device for regulating the amount of cooling water |
FR2206466A1 (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1974-06-07 | Controls Co Of America | |
EP0044512A1 (en) * | 1980-07-19 | 1982-01-27 | Fuchs Systemtechnik GmbH | Method and apparatus for the cooling of vessel parts of a metallurgical furnace, especially an electric-arc furnace |
WO1989003011A1 (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-04-06 | Davy Mckee (Stockton) Limited | Vessels for containing molten metal |
US5044551A (en) * | 1988-01-08 | 1991-09-03 | Fuji Koki Mfg. Co. Ltd. | Thermo bulb for use with the thermostatic expansion valve |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2330898A (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 1999-05-05 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Cooling a surface of a metallurgical vessel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU679580B2 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
EP0729560B1 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
ZA948627B (en) | 1995-06-26 |
BR9407882A (en) | 1996-10-29 |
GB9322696D0 (en) | 1993-12-22 |
EP0729560A1 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
DE69411755T2 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
KR960706060A (en) | 1996-11-08 |
JPH09504600A (en) | 1997-05-06 |
DE69411755D1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
US5797274A (en) | 1998-08-25 |
AU7999594A (en) | 1995-05-23 |
CA2172806A1 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
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