WO1996003628A1 - A method and device for measuring the tension in a wire-shaped body - Google Patents

A method and device for measuring the tension in a wire-shaped body Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996003628A1
WO1996003628A1 PCT/NL1995/000234 NL9500234W WO9603628A1 WO 1996003628 A1 WO1996003628 A1 WO 1996003628A1 NL 9500234 W NL9500234 W NL 9500234W WO 9603628 A1 WO9603628 A1 WO 9603628A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tension
displacement
calculation
reaction force
carried out
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL1995/000234
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Anna Maria Hogenaar
Original Assignee
Anna Maria Hogenaar
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anna Maria Hogenaar filed Critical Anna Maria Hogenaar
Publication of WO1996003628A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996003628A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
    • G01L5/10—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means
    • G01L5/107—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means for measuring a reaction force applied on an element disposed between two supports, e.g. on a plurality of rollers or gliders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
    • G01L5/10—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining, in a three-point measurement, the tension in a body, such as a wire or a spoke, which is tensioned in longitudinal direction and which is supported on two supports on one side, whereby on the other side a reaction force means is movable in transverse direction between said supports and presses on said body with a predetermined reaction force Fi, thereby undergoing a displacement Di.
  • a similar method and a corresponding device are used in determining the tension in body or constructions which are made of for example steel, such as guy ropes, wire yarn, cables, strings, (V-) belts, spokes and the like. They are known from US-A-4, 362, 062. From said patent a method is in particular known wherein a permanent force is exerted by means of a device on the longitudinally tensioned body via the supports provided with rotatable rollers and the reaction force means. As a result of this the body will bend out locally in transverse direction. Then the end position which the supports and the reaction force means have assumed relative to each other is a measure of the tension to be read from a scale.
  • the drawback of the known method is that it is not suitable for carrying out tension measurements with the required high accuracy in the professional or semi-professional sector. Moreover, complex adjustments are necessary in the known devices in order to make them suitable for carrying out tension measurements on bodies of different thickness or composition.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple method and device, by means of which the tension in a body can be determined quickly and accurately, also when used with varying thicknesses.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the tension S in the body, which occurs in the absence of displacement, is calculated on the basis of measurement and electronic numeric determination of the set of magnitudes: reaction force and displacement (Fi, Di) .
  • the advantage of the method according to the invention is that an accurate result is provided quickly, without manual (in principle) calculations, calibrations on the body or other complicating and time-consuming operations, which may introduce inaccuracy, being necessary.
  • the calculation of the tension takes place on the basis of the set of magnitudes obtained from repeated measurements.
  • the advantage of the method according to the invention is that the repeated, that is twice or more, measuring of the reaction force and the associated displacement at different values makes it possible to determine the required tension in a more accurate manner.
  • Preferably said calculation takes place electronically, so that it is not necessary for the user to consult any calibration or conversion tables.
  • a very simple practical variant of the method according to the invention is achieved by combining both measurement and calculation.
  • the device for carrying out the method is according to the invention characterized in that the device includes a microprocessor and force and displacement measuring means connected thereto, and that the device is programmed such that after the measurement and the calculation have taken place, the numeric value of the tension S is displayed on a display means of the device.
  • the microprocessor is preferably provided with a memory for storing, in tabular form, data relating to the tension S as a function of the reaction force Fi and the displacement Di .
  • a memory for storing, in tabular form, data relating to the tension S as a function of the reaction force Fi and the displacement Di .
  • the Figure shows two supports 1 and 2, which, like the illustrated reaction force means 3, form part of a device 5, by means of which the tension in a wire or spoke 4 can be calculated in a three-point measurement.
  • the reaction force means 3 is moved between the supports 1 and 2, usually in the centre plane perpendicular, thereby pressing down with a force Fi on the spoke 4 being under a tension S, said spoke bending out slightly as a result, thereby undergoing a displacement (depression) Di.
  • the tension S can be calculated in zero-magnitude approximation by means of the following formula:
  • f(S) is a function including, in addition to the tension S, typical data relating to the specific shape and the type of material from which the body 4 is made. Because of the implicit nature of the above general expression for the tension S, it generally needs to be solved numerically, for example iteratively, in practice, or by linearizing this expression around a value of the tension S which occurs in practice.
  • An alternative method of solving the general expression is to use a table of the tension S as a function of the reaction forces Fi and the associated displacements Di that have been determined.
  • the diagrammatically illustrated device 5 for carrying out the three-point measurement and also the calculation of the tension S furthermore includes a microprocessor 6, with a force measuring means 8 and a displacement measuring means 7 connected thereto.
  • the displacement measuring means 7 for example operates on the basis of the generally known Hall effect, whilst the force measuring means 8 for example comprises, in a manner generally known, one or more strain gauges.
  • the microprocessor 6 comprises at least one memory 9, in which data is stored for calibrat ⁇ ing, after conversion of the analog signals delivered by the means 7 and 8 into digital signals, the numeric values thus obtained, dependent on the types used, in order to calculate the tension S according to the above formula on the basis thereof.
  • Several values of the set of magnitudes (Fi, Di) measured on the same spoke will produce a more accurate result for the tension S when used in conjunction with the above general expression.
  • the device 5 includes a connection 10 for connecting a personal computer (not shown) .
  • the measurements which have been carried out on the various spokes 4 of a wheel and which have resulted in measuring data may be displayed and/or printed by means of this PC, for example graphically in the shape of a star diagram, which results may lead to the tension in one or more spokes 4 being adjusted, if required.
  • the illustrated device includes an input means 11, for example a number of keys provided thereon, by means of which data required for the calculation of the tension in various cases can be changed.
  • data are: data (for example the bending modules) on the material of which the body 4 is made, the shape: for example square, circular, polygonal, rectangular, I- or H-shaped etc., the diameter, insofar as the body is circular, etc.
  • the illustrated device includes a display means 12, for example an LED-display, for displaying instructions and numbers relating to the calculation of the tension.
  • a display means 12 for example an LED-display, for displaying instructions and numbers relating to the calculation of the tension.
  • the device 5 is thereby pointed, in such a manner that this pointed shaped makes it possible to approach the spokes of the wheel from one side in order to measure the tension.

Abstract

A method and a device for determining, in a three-point measurement, the tension in for example a wire-shaped body, whereby the tension in the body is calculated, preferably electronically, on the basis of the measurement and electronic numeric determination of the reaction force on the pre-tensioned body being supported on two supports, and the displacement associated therewith, which tension is displayed on a display means, if required.

Description

A METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE TENSION IN A WIRE- SHAPED BODY
The present invention relates to a method for determining, in a three-point measurement, the tension in a body, such as a wire or a spoke, which is tensioned in longitudinal direction and which is supported on two supports on one side, whereby on the other side a reaction force means is movable in transverse direction between said supports and presses on said body with a predetermined reaction force Fi, thereby undergoing a displacement Di.
A similar method and a corresponding device are used in determining the tension in body or constructions which are made of for example steel, such as guy ropes, wire yarn, cables, strings, (V-) belts, spokes and the like. They are known from US-A-4, 362, 062. From said patent a method is in particular known wherein a permanent force is exerted by means of a device on the longitudinally tensioned body via the supports provided with rotatable rollers and the reaction force means. As a result of this the body will bend out locally in transverse direction. Then the end position which the supports and the reaction force means have assumed relative to each other is a measure of the tension to be read from a scale.
The drawback of the known method is that it is not suitable for carrying out tension measurements with the required high accuracy in the professional or semi-professional sector. Moreover, complex adjustments are necessary in the known devices in order to make them suitable for carrying out tension measurements on bodies of different thickness or composition.
The object of the invention is to provide a simple method and device, by means of which the tension in a body can be determined quickly and accurately, also when used with varying thicknesses. In order to achieve that purpose the method according to the invention is characterized in that the tension S in the body, which occurs in the absence of displacement, is calculated on the basis of measurement and electronic numeric determination of the set of magnitudes: reaction force and displacement (Fi, Di) .
The advantage of the method according to the invention is that an accurate result is provided quickly, without manual (in principle) calculations, calibrations on the body or other complicating and time-consuming operations, which may introduce inaccuracy, being necessary.
In a further embodiment according to the invention the calculation of the tension takes place on the basis of the set of magnitudes obtained from repeated measurements.
The advantage of the method according to the invention is that the repeated, that is twice or more, measuring of the reaction force and the associated displacement at different values makes it possible to determine the required tension in a more accurate manner. The greater the number of times that the set of magnitudes (Fi, Di) is measured, the smaller the error in the calculated tension (S) . In a simple model two sets, namely (FI, DI) and F2, D2) are sufficient to determine the required tension S at D = 0, whereas in a more refined model three or more, for example 10, sets may be used, if necessary, to calculate said tension S with great accuracy on the basis thereof.
Preferably said calculation takes place electronically, so that it is not necessary for the user to consult any calibration or conversion tables. A very simple practical variant of the method according to the invention is achieved by combining both measurement and calculation.
The device for carrying out the method is according to the invention characterized in that the device includes a microprocessor and force and displacement measuring means connected thereto, and that the device is programmed such that after the measurement and the calculation have taken place, the numeric value of the tension S is displayed on a display means of the device.
In order to avoid iterative numeric calculations, which requiring a comparatively great number of processor operations, the microprocessor is preferably provided with a memory for storing, in tabular form, data relating to the tension S as a function of the reaction force Fi and the displacement Di . By using such a table the amount of calculating time required can be reduced.
The invention will now be explained in more detail, partially with reference to the principle diagram of the three-point measurement shown in the accompanying Figure.
The Figure shows two supports 1 and 2, which, like the illustrated reaction force means 3, form part of a device 5, by means of which the tension in a wire or spoke 4 can be calculated in a three-point measurement. The reaction force means 3 is moved between the supports 1 and 2, usually in the centre plane perpendicular, thereby pressing down with a force Fi on the spoke 4 being under a tension S, said spoke bending out slightly as a result, thereby undergoing a displacement (depression) Di. On the basis of the reaction force Fi that has been determined and the displacement Di associated therewith the tension S can be calculated in zero-magnitude approximation by means of the following formula:
Fi.a S =
2.Di wherein a is half the distance between supports 1 and 2.
A more general expression for the tension S is:
α(S) .Fi.a
S =
2.Di
Hereby it applies:
α(S) = l+f(S)
In this expression f(S) is a function including, in addition to the tension S, typical data relating to the specific shape and the type of material from which the body 4 is made. Because of the implicit nature of the above general expression for the tension S, it generally needs to be solved numerically, for example iteratively, in practice, or by linearizing this expression around a value of the tension S which occurs in practice. An alternative method of solving the general expression is to use a table of the tension S as a function of the reaction forces Fi and the associated displacements Di that have been determined.
In view of the implicit nature of the aforesaid general expression a repeated measurement and determination of the values of the set of magnitudes (Fi, Di) will result in an enhanced accuracy in determining the tension S.
The diagrammatically illustrated device 5 for carrying out the three-point measurement and also the calculation of the tension S furthermore includes a microprocessor 6, with a force measuring means 8 and a displacement measuring means 7 connected thereto. The displacement measuring means 7 for example operates on the basis of the generally known Hall effect, whilst the force measuring means 8 for example comprises, in a manner generally known, one or more strain gauges. In that case the microprocessor 6 comprises at least one memory 9, in which data is stored for calibrat¬ ing, after conversion of the analog signals delivered by the means 7 and 8 into digital signals, the numeric values thus obtained, dependent on the types used, in order to calculate the tension S according to the above formula on the basis thereof. Several values of the set of magnitudes (Fi, Di) measured on the same spoke will produce a more accurate result for the tension S when used in conjunction with the above general expression.
The device 5 includes a connection 10 for connecting a personal computer (not shown) . The measurements which have been carried out on the various spokes 4 of a wheel and which have resulted in measuring data may be displayed and/or printed by means of this PC, for example graphically in the shape of a star diagram, which results may lead to the tension in one or more spokes 4 being adjusted, if required.
The illustrated device includes an input means 11, for example a number of keys provided thereon, by means of which data required for the calculation of the tension in various cases can be changed. These data are: data (for example the bending modules) on the material of which the body 4 is made, the shape: for example square, circular, polygonal, rectangular, I- or H-shaped etc., the diameter, insofar as the body is circular, etc.
In addition the illustrated device includes a display means 12, for example an LED-display, for displaying instructions and numbers relating to the calculation of the tension.
The device 5 is thereby pointed, in such a manner that this pointed shaped makes it possible to approach the spokes of the wheel from one side in order to measure the tension.

Claims

1. A method for determining, in a three-point measure¬ ment, the tension in a body, such as a wire or a spoke, which is tensioned in longitudinal direction and which is supported on two supports on one side, whereby on the other side a reaction force means is movable in transverse direction between said supports and presses on said body with a predetermined reaction force Fi, thereby undergoing a displacement Di, characterized in that the tension S in the body, which occurs in the absence of displacement, is calculated on the basis of measurement and electronic numeric determination of the set of magnitudes: reaction force and displacement (Fi, Di) .
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation takes place on the basis of the set of magnitudes obtained from repeated measurements.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said calculation is carried out electronically.
4. A method according to any one of the claims 1 - 3, characterized in that said measurement and said calculation are carried out by one and the same device.
5. A method according to any one of the claims 1 -4, characterized in that said calculation is carried out by using the following formula:
Figure imgf000008_0001
S = 2.Di
wherein it applies in zero-order approximation: α(S) = 1.
6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that said calculation is carried out iteratively in the exact expression for oι(S) .
7. A device for carrying out the method according to any one of the preceding claims.
8. A device according to claim 7, characterized in that said device includes a microprocessor and force and displacement measuring means connected thereto, and that said device is programmed in such a manner that after said measuring and calculating have taken place the numeric value of the tension S is displayed on a display means of the device.
9. A device according to claim 8, characterized in that said microprocessor is provided with a memory for storing, in tabular form, data relating to the tension S as a function of the reaction force Fi and the displacement Di.
10. A device according to any of the claims 8 or 9, characterized in that said device comprises an input means for inputting data on for example the properties of the material, the shape, the diameter etc. of said body.
11. A device according to any of the claims 8 - 10, characterized in that said device comprises an output means for connection to a PC.
12. A device according to any of the claims 7 - 11, characterized in that said device is pointed, in such a manner that this pointed shaped makes it possible to carry out measurements in places where access is difficult .
PCT/NL1995/000234 1994-07-20 1995-07-04 A method and device for measuring the tension in a wire-shaped body WO1996003628A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9401188 1994-07-20
NL9401188 1994-07-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996003628A1 true WO1996003628A1 (en) 1996-02-08

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7484563B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2009-02-03 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Formation evaluation system and method
CN102998045A (en) * 2012-11-26 2013-03-27 华南理工大学 Device for measuring stress data of cable body
CN103376177A (en) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-30 张秉钧 Wire clamping device for real time racquet wire tension measurement and display
US8899323B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2014-12-02 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Modular pumpouts and flowline architecture
KR101835487B1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2018-03-08 한국생산기술연구원 Calculating device and method for initial tension of wire, and method for confirming tension uniformity of row of wires
CN110426148A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-08 山东科技大学 A kind of minor diameter steel wire rope tension and stroke on-line monitoring system

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2241254A1 (en) * 1971-12-23 1973-06-28 Thaelmann Schwermaschbau Veb WIRE TENSION MEASURING DEVICE
DE2331987A1 (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-01-23 Siemens Ag Tension monitor for running wire - uses three roller principle, centre roller can deflect
US4587855A (en) * 1985-02-15 1986-05-13 Shimpo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tensionmeter
WO1990005288A1 (en) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-17 Transmission Developments Co. (Gb) Limited Tension meter
US4989450A (en) * 1989-08-01 1991-02-05 Gse, Inc. Cable tensiometer
DE4127631A1 (en) * 1990-10-01 1992-04-02 Volkswagen Ag Cable or band traction traction force measuring appts. - measures force with which cable or band is pressed against contact points
DE9211786U1 (en) * 1992-09-04 1993-02-18 Honigmann Industrielle Elektronik Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2241254A1 (en) * 1971-12-23 1973-06-28 Thaelmann Schwermaschbau Veb WIRE TENSION MEASURING DEVICE
DE2331987A1 (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-01-23 Siemens Ag Tension monitor for running wire - uses three roller principle, centre roller can deflect
US4587855A (en) * 1985-02-15 1986-05-13 Shimpo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tensionmeter
WO1990005288A1 (en) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-17 Transmission Developments Co. (Gb) Limited Tension meter
US4989450A (en) * 1989-08-01 1991-02-05 Gse, Inc. Cable tensiometer
DE4127631A1 (en) * 1990-10-01 1992-04-02 Volkswagen Ag Cable or band traction traction force measuring appts. - measures force with which cable or band is pressed against contact points
DE9211786U1 (en) * 1992-09-04 1993-02-18 Honigmann Industrielle Elektronik Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7484563B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2009-02-03 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Formation evaluation system and method
US8047286B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2011-11-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Formation evaluation system and method
US8899323B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2014-12-02 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Modular pumpouts and flowline architecture
CN103376177A (en) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-30 张秉钧 Wire clamping device for real time racquet wire tension measurement and display
CN102998045A (en) * 2012-11-26 2013-03-27 华南理工大学 Device for measuring stress data of cable body
KR101835487B1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2018-03-08 한국생산기술연구원 Calculating device and method for initial tension of wire, and method for confirming tension uniformity of row of wires
CN110426148A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-08 山东科技大学 A kind of minor diameter steel wire rope tension and stroke on-line monitoring system

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