WO1996005778A1 - Cervical spine stabilization system - Google Patents

Cervical spine stabilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996005778A1
WO1996005778A1 PCT/US1995/009701 US9509701W WO9605778A1 WO 1996005778 A1 WO1996005778 A1 WO 1996005778A1 US 9509701 W US9509701 W US 9509701W WO 9605778 A1 WO9605778 A1 WO 9605778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
screw
cervical
shafts
vertebrae
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/009701
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas R. Oxland
Douglas W. Kohrs
Donald Erickson
Paul M. Sand
Original Assignee
Spinetech, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Spinetech, Inc. filed Critical Spinetech, Inc.
Priority to AU32078/95A priority Critical patent/AU3207895A/en
Publication of WO1996005778A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996005778A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/1728Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for holes for bone plates or plate screws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/1739Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1757Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the spine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7059Cortical plates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8033Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates having indirect contact with screw heads, or having contact with screw heads maintained with the aid of additional components, e.g. nuts, wedges or head covers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8665Nuts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a system for stabilizing cervical vertebrae of the neck.
  • U.S. Patent 5,084,049 shows spine plates with a plurality of openings, each with semispherical recesses.
  • Each fastener includes a bone screw with a shoulder to space the plate from the vertebrae.
  • the nut includes a portion 56 to engage the semispherical recess.
  • U.S. Patent 4,913,134 includes screws with a convex head shape sized to fit into concave depressions in a plate. The upper portion of the head may be snapped off for a lower profile.
  • the plate has elongated holes. The screw heads are above the plate and could back out if not for an overcap lock.
  • Small et al, U.S. Patent 5,129,899 is of interest in its showing of an elongated plate, bone screw with shoulder larger than the plate opening and nuts with a relatively low profile.
  • a load transfer washer 35 is required.
  • the invention provides a method and apparatus which provide intervertebral stabilization with a very low profile and positive locking while providing anatomic flexibility.
  • the invention consists of a cervical plate having at least two slots.
  • the plate is connected to adjacent vertebrae to provide stabilization and eventually fuse the vertebrae.
  • the plate slots are designed to include an upper recessed area into which a mating lock cap may fit in a very low profile.
  • the plate is secured to bone of the vertebrae by at least two unique screws.
  • the lock cap-screw combination may be positioned anywhere along the length of the slot.
  • the screws are designed to have a threaded, bone engaging shaft, an enlarged shoulder and an upper threaded shaft which accepts the lock cap.
  • the plate is positioned over the shoulder of screws already screwed into bone.
  • the shoulder is sized such that the screw cannot pass through the plate slot.
  • a combination plate holder/guide is used to align the plate on the spine and guide formation of the screw holes. The screws are placed into the vertebrae and the plate is positioned over the screw, against the screw shoulders. The locking caps are attached to complete the stabilization procedure.
  • a template of similar shape to the plate but with slots large enough to pass the screw shoulders may be used to guide formation of the screw holes and placement of the screws.
  • the template is then removed and the plate is positioned over the screw, resting against the screw shoulders.
  • the lock caps are then attached to complete the stabilization procedure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plate clamp of the invention
  • FIG. la is a front fragmentary view thereof showing an adjustment screw
  • FIG. lb is a perspective view thereof illustrating the positioning pins
  • FIG. lc is a cut away sectional view thereof taken along line lc-lc of Fig. lb showing the positioning rings;
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof illustrating the plate, locking caps and screws;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view thereof showing a cervical spine with a damaged disc
  • FIG. 4 is a top elevational view thereof demonstrating the grasping of the cervical plate with the clamp
  • FIG. 5 is a top elevational view thereof demonstrating the plate grasped with the clamp;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational thereof showing the plate being positioned;
  • FIG. 7 is a top elevational view thereof illustrating the formation of screw holes
  • FIG. 8 is a front elevational view thereof showing the plate in position with the formed screw holes;
  • FIG. 9 is a side elevational view thereof with the bone screws inserted and cap being positioned;
  • FIG. 10 is a side elevational view thereof showing a template with larger holes
  • FIG. 11 is a front elevational view of the installed plate
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the profile of the installed plate
  • FIG. 13 is a greatly enlarged view of the interface of cap, screw and plate taken from Fig. 12;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an alternative plate with elongated slots in the plate.
  • the device 10 of the invention includes a cervical plate 12, bone screws 14 and locking caps 16.
  • the cervical fusion device 10 of the invention is best described with reference to its use.
  • Figure 3 shows a typical spinal segment consisting of vertebrae 20, 22, 24, 26. Normal, healthy discs 28, 30 are shown as well as a damaged disc 32. Further, the ligaments between vertebrae 22 and 24 may be damaged resulting in an unstable segment. Fusion of vertebrae 22 to 24 is one method of dealing with these pathologic conditions.
  • cervical plate 12 is a machined, curved plate, typically of biocompatible metal with a plurality of openings 34 therethrough.
  • Plate 12 has an upper surface 36 and a lower, bone contacting surface 38. Openings 34 are constructed such that the area of the opening on the upper surface 36 is larger than the area on the lower, bone contacting surface 38.
  • the bottom of the plate may be curved or have flats.
  • Bone screws 14 include a lower threaded shaft 40 that is screwed into bone as shown in Figs. 9 and 12. Bone screws 14 include an upper threaded shaft 42 that engage with locking caps 16. In between is an enlarged shoulder 44 which is sized such that it may not pass through openings 34. Bone screws 14 may have a plurality of transverse holes to facilitate osseointegration.
  • clamp 62 is a modified fixation forceps including a handle 64, pivot joint 66 and blades 68, 70.
  • Each blade includes a guide head 72, 74 with opposing lips 76, 78 which attach to plate 12 as shown in Fig. 5.
  • Guide cylinders 80, 82 are slidably positionable in each guide head 72, 74 at the required angle.
  • Guide cylinders 80, 82 may include positioning rings 84, 86 which may engage with a detent 88. This allows the depth of the guide cylinders 80, 82 to be readily selected.
  • Guide cylinders 80, 82 may include knurling 90 at an end to make manual adjustment easier.
  • a typical forceps lock mechanism 92 may be employed.
  • tool 62 is used as shown in Figures 4-7.
  • the tool 62 is opened as in Fig. 4 to grasp a device 10 between the opposing lips 76, 78.
  • the guide cylinders 80, 82 are pushed down to contact with the openings 34 in the plate 12 as in Fig. 5.
  • the positioning rings 84, 86 allow for change in depth. Once the proper alignment is made, the tool 62 may be locked with the forceps lock 92.
  • pilot holes for the self-tapping screws 14 may be formed.
  • a drill 94 placed through a guide cylinder is used to form the pilot holes needed. The depth of drilling is controlled to prevent penetration into the spinal cord. Alternatively, an awl may take the place of the drill.
  • Figure 8 shows the plate 12 with pilot holes 98 shown in relation to the slotted openings 34 of the plate 12.
  • Figure 9 shows that the tool 62 has been removed, screws 14 have been inserted, plate 12 has been positioned over the screws 14 and an insertion tool 56 is shown ready to position locking cap 16.
  • Figure 11 shows the fully installed device 10 which stabilizes the adjacent vertebrae.
  • Figures 12 and 13 show the extremely low profile of the installed device 10.
  • the template 46 is constructed to include the same spaced holes or openings 34 as in the cervical plate 12.
  • the template 46 has openings 34 that will allow passage of the bone screws 14 including the shoulders 44.
  • Template 46 may appear identically to plate 12 except for the size of openings 34 which in template 46 are larger.
  • the template 46 is positioned where desired and holes are prepared for the screws. The screws may then be fully inserted with the template guide in place until their shoulders 44 abut against the bone. Typically bone screws 14 would be installed by means of a hex head 48 connecting to an alien wrench.
  • the template allows accurate positioning of the screws and is then removed.
  • the cervical plate 12 is positioned over the bone screws 14 until it abuts against the shoulders 44.
  • the plate 12 is locked to the screws 14 by locking caps 16 as shown.
  • the locking caps are preferably threaded such that the cap tends to be locked in place.
  • One way is to use the threads sold under the designation Spiral- lokTM in which the female threads are slightly different from the male threads. Detroit Tool Industries of Madison Heights, Michigan produces such locking threads. Thread locking compounds may also be used to prevent loosening of the caps.
  • the caps 16 may include a head configuration 52 that allows the use of an insertion tool 56 which may grip and turn the cap 16.
  • Figure 14 shows that the device 10 of the invention may include a plate 12 having elongated openings 54 rather than openings 34.
  • the openings 54 would still be slightly larger at the upper surface 36 than the lower surface 38 to ensure that the shoulder 44 may not pass therethrough and to provide a cavity into which the cap 16 may fit.
  • the elongated slot allows the physician more latitude in placing the screws, since they may be anywhere within the long slots.
  • any combination of conventional openings 34 and elongated openings 54 may be employed.
  • plate 12 will not be flat and will have a bend conforming to the vertebrae to which it will be affixed.
  • Plate benders may be employed during surgery to bend the plate to a custom fit to the patient. In such a case, normal round openings may be made off-round, no longer accommodating a screw. For this reason, the slightly to greatly elongated openings 34, 54 of the invention allows the screws to fit even after bending the plate. If one screw does not line up properly with the plate, it may be removed. The device is then installed without that screw and a conventional non-shouldered screw may be inserted from the upper surface 36 of the plate 12.
  • the device may be installed with the aid of a template, no template is required.
  • the cervical plate 12 may be used as a template, although it would need to be removed so the screws can be installed permanently.
  • the screws 14 are self-tapping and the step of tapping holes for the screws is not needed.
  • the figures show the stabilization of two adjacent vertebrae by the device of the invention.
  • the plate may be extended in length such that more than two vertebrae are fused together. That is, three or more vertebrae could be fused by a single, longer plate 12 with screws locking into each vertebrae.
  • the installed stabilization device 10 has a very low profile without protruding screws. The construction greatly decreases the possibility of the screws backing out and contacting any vulnerable structure.

Abstract

A method and device for stabilizing cervical vertebrae includes a plate (36) with at least two slots (34). The device also includes at least two screws (14) including a lower threaded bone-engaging shaft (40), a shoulder (44) which will not pass through the plate slots (34), and an upper threaded shaft (42). The screws are positioned and the plate rests on the top of the screw shoulders. Locking, low profile caps (52) secure the plate to the screws.

Description

CERVICAL SPINE STABILIZATION SYSTEM
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a system for stabilizing cervical vertebrae of the neck.
2. Description of the Related Art
Asher et al., U.S. Patent 5,084,049 shows spine plates with a plurality of openings, each with semispherical recesses. Each fastener includes a bone screw with a shoulder to space the plate from the vertebrae. The nut includes a portion 56 to engage the semispherical recess.
Luque, U.S. Patent 4,913,134 includes screws with a convex head shape sized to fit into concave depressions in a plate. The upper portion of the head may be snapped off for a lower profile. The plate has elongated holes. The screw heads are above the plate and could back out if not for an overcap lock. Small et al, U.S. Patent 5,129,899 is of interest in its showing of an elongated plate, bone screw with shoulder larger than the plate opening and nuts with a relatively low profile. A load transfer washer 35 is required.
Lin, U.S. Patent 5, 176,679 is of interest in its method of use. It may use the plate with assembled sleeves as a guide for drilling. The guide is then removed and the screws are inserted. The guide with sleeves is then positioned on top of and to the screws.
Warden et al, U.S. Patent 5,261,910 has a plate which requires a seat and is constructed to ensure that rotation between the plate and fastener is not possible.
The art described in this section is not intended to constitute an admission that any patent, publication or other information referred to herein is "prior art" with respect to this invention, unless specifically designated as such. In addition, this section should not be construed to mean that a search has been made or that no other pertinent information as defined in 37 C.F.R. § 1.56(a) exists.
Summary of the Invention
The invention provides a method and apparatus which provide intervertebral stabilization with a very low profile and positive locking while providing anatomic flexibility. Basically, the invention consists of a cervical plate having at least two slots. The plate is connected to adjacent vertebrae to provide stabilization and eventually fuse the vertebrae. The plate slots are designed to include an upper recessed area into which a mating lock cap may fit in a very low profile. The plate is secured to bone of the vertebrae by at least two unique screws. The lock cap-screw combination may be positioned anywhere along the length of the slot. The screws are designed to have a threaded, bone engaging shaft, an enlarged shoulder and an upper threaded shaft which accepts the lock cap. The plate is positioned over the shoulder of screws already screwed into bone. The shoulder is sized such that the screw cannot pass through the plate slot. Preferably, a combination plate holder/guide is used to align the plate on the spine and guide formation of the screw holes. The screws are placed into the vertebrae and the plate is positioned over the screw, against the screw shoulders. The locking caps are attached to complete the stabilization procedure.
A template of similar shape to the plate but with slots large enough to pass the screw shoulders may be used to guide formation of the screw holes and placement of the screws. The template is then removed and the plate is positioned over the screw, resting against the screw shoulders. The lock caps are then attached to complete the stabilization procedure.
Brief Description of the Drawings
A detailed description of the invention is hereafter described with specific reference being made to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plate clamp of the invention;
FIG. la is a front fragmentary view thereof showing an adjustment screw;
FIG. lb is a perspective view thereof illustrating the positioning pins;
FIG. lc is a cut away sectional view thereof taken along line lc-lc of Fig. lb showing the positioning rings;
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof illustrating the plate, locking caps and screws;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view thereof showing a cervical spine with a damaged disc; FIG. 4 is a top elevational view thereof demonstrating the grasping of the cervical plate with the clamp;
FIG. 5 is a top elevational view thereof demonstrating the plate grasped with the clamp; FIG. 6 is a side elevational thereof showing the plate being positioned;
FIG. 7 is a top elevational view thereof illustrating the formation of screw holes;
FIG. 8 is a front elevational view thereof showing the plate in position with the formed screw holes; FIG. 9 is a side elevational view thereof with the bone screws inserted and cap being positioned;
FIG. 10 is a side elevational view thereof showing a template with larger holes;
FIG. 11 is a front elevational view of the installed plate; FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the profile of the installed plate;
FIG. 13 is a greatly enlarged view of the interface of cap, screw and plate taken from Fig. 12; and
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an alternative plate with elongated slots in the plate.
Description of the Preferred Embodiments
With reference to the figures, it will be seen that the device 10 of the invention includes a cervical plate 12, bone screws 14 and locking caps 16. The cervical fusion device 10 of the invention is best described with reference to its use. Figure 3 shows a typical spinal segment consisting of vertebrae 20, 22, 24, 26. Normal, healthy discs 28, 30 are shown as well as a damaged disc 32. Further, the ligaments between vertebrae 22 and 24 may be damaged resulting in an unstable segment. Fusion of vertebrae 22 to 24 is one method of dealing with these pathologic conditions.
With reference to Figures 2, 4, 5, 7-11, 12 and 14 it will be seen that cervical plate 12 is a machined, curved plate, typically of biocompatible metal with a plurality of openings 34 therethrough. Plate 12 has an upper surface 36 and a lower, bone contacting surface 38. Openings 34 are constructed such that the area of the opening on the upper surface 36 is larger than the area on the lower, bone contacting surface 38. The bottom of the plate may be curved or have flats.
Bone screws 14 include a lower threaded shaft 40 that is screwed into bone as shown in Figs. 9 and 12. Bone screws 14 include an upper threaded shaft 42 that engage with locking caps 16. In between is an enlarged shoulder 44 which is sized such that it may not pass through openings 34. Bone screws 14 may have a plurality of transverse holes to facilitate osseointegration.
The preferred installation of cervical plate 12 is through the use of a plate holder/ guide clamp 62 as shown in Figs. 1 and 4-7. As best shown in Figure 1, clamp 62 is a modified fixation forceps including a handle 64, pivot joint 66 and blades 68, 70. Each blade includes a guide head 72, 74 with opposing lips 76, 78 which attach to plate 12 as shown in Fig. 5. Guide cylinders 80, 82 are slidably positionable in each guide head 72, 74 at the required angle. Guide cylinders 80, 82 may include positioning rings 84, 86 which may engage with a detent 88. This allows the depth of the guide cylinders 80, 82 to be readily selected. Guide cylinders 80, 82 may include knurling 90 at an end to make manual adjustment easier. In addition, a typical forceps lock mechanism 92 may be employed.
In operation, tool 62 is used as shown in Figures 4-7. First, the tool 62 is opened as in Fig. 4 to grasp a device 10 between the opposing lips 76, 78. The guide cylinders 80, 82 are pushed down to contact with the openings 34 in the plate 12 as in Fig. 5. The positioning rings 84, 86 allow for change in depth. Once the proper alignment is made, the tool 62 may be locked with the forceps lock 92.
The device 10, now firmly held to the tool 62, is brought to bear against a cervical vertebrae as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. Once in position, pilot holes for the self-tapping screws 14 may be formed. Preferably, as shown, a drill 94 placed through a guide cylinder is used to form the pilot holes needed. The depth of drilling is controlled to prevent penetration into the spinal cord. Alternatively, an awl may take the place of the drill. Figure 8 shows the plate 12 with pilot holes 98 shown in relation to the slotted openings 34 of the plate 12.
Figure 9 shows that the tool 62 has been removed, screws 14 have been inserted, plate 12 has been positioned over the screws 14 and an insertion tool 56 is shown ready to position locking cap 16. Figure 11 shows the fully installed device 10 which stabilizes the adjacent vertebrae. Figures 12 and 13 show the extremely low profile of the installed device 10.
In operation, it is possible to install the device with the aid of a template 46 as shown in Figure 10. The template 46 is constructed to include the same spaced holes or openings 34 as in the cervical plate 12. The template 46 has openings 34 that will allow passage of the bone screws 14 including the shoulders 44. Template 46 may appear identically to plate 12 except for the size of openings 34 which in template 46 are larger.
The template 46 is positioned where desired and holes are prepared for the screws. The screws may then be fully inserted with the template guide in place until their shoulders 44 abut against the bone. Typically bone screws 14 would be installed by means of a hex head 48 connecting to an alien wrench. The template allows accurate positioning of the screws and is then removed.
Next, the cervical plate 12 is positioned over the bone screws 14 until it abuts against the shoulders 44. The plate 12 is locked to the screws 14 by locking caps 16 as shown. The locking caps are preferably threaded such that the cap tends to be locked in place. One way is to use the threads sold under the designation Spiral- lok™ in which the female threads are slightly different from the male threads. Detroit Tool Industries of Madison Heights, Michigan produces such locking threads. Thread locking compounds may also be used to prevent loosening of the caps. The caps 16 may include a head configuration 52 that allows the use of an insertion tool 56 which may grip and turn the cap 16.
Figure 14 shows that the device 10 of the invention may include a plate 12 having elongated openings 54 rather than openings 34. The openings 54 would still be slightly larger at the upper surface 36 than the lower surface 38 to ensure that the shoulder 44 may not pass therethrough and to provide a cavity into which the cap 16 may fit. The elongated slot allows the physician more latitude in placing the screws, since they may be anywhere within the long slots. Obviously, any combination of conventional openings 34 and elongated openings 54 may be employed. Generally, it may be advantageous to make each opening 34 in the plate 12 somewhat elongated along one direction to provide for minor adjustments.
Usually, plate 12 will not be flat and will have a bend conforming to the vertebrae to which it will be affixed. Plate benders may be employed during surgery to bend the plate to a custom fit to the patient. In such a case, normal round openings may be made off-round, no longer accommodating a screw. For this reason, the slightly to greatly elongated openings 34, 54 of the invention allows the screws to fit even after bending the plate. If one screw does not line up properly with the plate, it may be removed. The device is then installed without that screw and a conventional non-shouldered screw may be inserted from the upper surface 36 of the plate 12.
Although the device may be installed with the aid of a template, no template is required. If desired, the cervical plate 12 may be used as a template, although it would need to be removed so the screws can be installed permanently. In general, the screws 14 are self-tapping and the step of tapping holes for the screws is not needed. The figures show the stabilization of two adjacent vertebrae by the device of the invention. The plate may be extended in length such that more than two vertebrae are fused together. That is, three or more vertebrae could be fused by a single, longer plate 12 with screws locking into each vertebrae. As shown in the drawings, the installed stabilization device 10 has a very low profile without protruding screws. The construction greatly decreases the possibility of the screws backing out and contacting any vulnerable structure.
While this invention may be embodied in many different forms, there are shown in the drawings and described in detail herein specific preferred embodiments of the invention. The present disclosure is an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments illustrated.
This completes the description of the preferred and alternate embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiment described herein which equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the claims attached hereto. REFERENCE NUMERAL LIST
# Description ff Description
10 device 62 plate holder/guide clamp
12 cervical plate 64 handle
14 bone screws 66 pivot joint
16 locking caps 68 blade
18 70 blade
20 vertebra 72 guide head
22 vertebra 74 guide head
24 vertebra 76 opposing lips
26 vertebra 78 opposing lips
28 disc 80 guide cylinders
30 disc 82 guide cylinders
32 damaged disc 84 positioning ring
34 openings 86 positioning ring
36 upper surface of 12 88 detent
38 lower surface of 12 90 knurling
40 lower threaded shaft 92 forceps lock mechanism
42 upper threaded shaft 94 drill
44 shoulder 96 hammer
46 template 98 pilot holes
48 hex head of 14 100
50 102
52 head config of cap 16 104
54 elongated openings 106
56 insertion tool for cap 16 108
58 110
60 112

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A device for stabilizing cervical vertebrae comprising:
(a) a bone plate having an upper and a lower surface, said plate including a plurality of elongated slots holes through said plate, said slots defining a larger opening at said upper surface than at said lower surface;
(b) a bone screw comprising a lower threaded bone engaging shaft, an upper threaded shaft sized to pass through said bone plate slot holes, an enlarged shoulder situated between said lower and upper shafts, said shoulder being sized such that said shoulder may not pass through said slot holes; and (c) a lock cap including threads to mate with said bone screw upper shaft, said cap being constructed and arranged to substantially fit within said slot holes of said plate without passing therethrough.
2. The device of Claim 1 wherein said lock cap threads include a thread locking compound to lessen the chance of the cap loosening.
3. The device of Claim 1 wherein said lock cap threads are slightly different from the threads of said upper shaft such that assembly of same causes the cap to lock more securely to said upper shaft.
4. A method for stabilizing cervical vertebrae together with a plate, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) positioning a template over the vertebrae to be fused together, said template including guide holes to locate bone screw positions; (b) preparing a plurality of holes in said vertebrae;
(c) screwing in a screw into each of said prepared holes, said screws including a lower threaded shaft, an intermediate shoulder and an upper threaded shaft;
(d) removing the template and positioning a cervical plate having a plurality of openings arranged to mate with each of said screw upper shafts over said shafts; and (e) locking said cervical plate to said screws by affixing overcaps to said upper threaded shafts, thereby stabilizing said vertebrae.
5. A method for stabilizing cervical vertebrae together with a plate, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) screwing in a screw into adjacent vertebrae to be fused together into each desired location for a bone screw, said screws including a lower threaded shaft, an intermediate shoulder and an upper threaded shaft;
(b) positioning a cervical plate having a plurality of openings arranged to mate with each of said screw upper shafts over said shafts, each of said openings being sized such that said screw shoulder may not pass therethrough; and
(c) locking said cervical plate to said screws by affixing overcaps to said upper threaded shafts, thereby stabilizing said vertebrae.
6. A method for stabilizing cervical vertebrae together with a plate, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) holding a cervical plate having a plurality of spaced openings to a hand held guide clamp, said guide clamp including clamping members for holding a cervical plate, said guide clamp further including at least one guide cylinder through which tools may be inserted;
(b) aligning said guide clamp and cervical plate such that said guide cylinder is positioned directly over one of said spaced plate openings; (c) placing said plate held to said guide clamp against a vertebral segment to be stabilized;
(d) marking positions for screws to be screwed into said vertebral segments on bone of said cervical vertebra;
(e) screwing in a screw into each marked position for a bone screw, said screws including a lower threaded shaft, an intermediate shoulder and an upper threaded shaft;
(f) positioning a cervical plate having a plurality of openings arranged to mate with each of said screw upper shafts over said shafts, each of said openings being sized such that said screw shoulder may not pass therethrough; and (c) locking said cervical plate to said screws by affixing overcaps to said upper threaded shafts, thereby stabilizing said vertebrae.
7. A tool for assisting placement of a vertebral plate, said tool comprising: a forceps having a handle and opposing blades, said blades including a guide for holding a cervical plate thereto, said guide including at least one guide cylinder attached thereto, said guide cylinder including an opening through which instruments may be inserted to align with an opening in said cervical plate.
AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 09 January 1996 (09.01.96); original claim 1 amended; original claim 2 unchanged; original claim 3 cancelled; original claim 6 amended and renumbered into new claim 5; original claims 4, 5 and 7 renumbered into new claims 3, 4 and 6, respectively. (3 pages)]
1. A device for stabilizing cervical vertebrae comprising:
(a) an elongated, bendable bone plate having an upper and a lower surface, said plate including a plurality of elongated slots through said plate, said slots defining a larger opening at said entire upper surface than at said lower surface;
(b) a bone screw comprising a lower threaded bone engaging shaft, an upper threaded shaft sized to pass through said bone plate slots said upper threaded shafts including internal tool receiving means into which a tool may be inserted to apply turning force to the screw, an enlarged diameter, but narrow height shoulder situated between said lower and upper shafts, said shoulder being larger in diameter than said upper and lower shafts such that said shoulder may not pass through said slots; and
(c) a lock cap including threads to mate with said bone screw upper shaft, said cap including a top and a bottom and being constructed and arranged to taper in diameter from said top to said bottom, with d e bottom diameter being smaller than the top diameter to thereby substantially fit within said upper surface of said slots of said plate without passing therethrough said slots to provide a low profile and to lock said screw to said plate, said bendable plate allowing said plate to be bent as required to adapt to a patient, said elongated slots providing openings through which said caps will pass into before and after bending of said plate anywhere along die length of the slot.
2. The device of Claim 1 wherein said lock cap threads include a thread locking compound to lessen the chance of the cap loosening.
3. A method for stabilizing cervical vertebrae together with a plate, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) positioning a template over die vertebrae to be fused together, said template including guide holes to locate bone screw positions;
(b) preparing a plurality of holes in said vertebrae;
(c) screwing in a screw into each of said prepared holes, said screws including a lower threaded shaft, an intermediate shoulder and an upper threaded shaft;
(d) removing the template and positioning a cervical plate having a plurality of openings arranged to mate with each of said screw upper shafts over said shafts; and
(e) locking said cervical plate to said screws by affixing overcaps to said upper threaded shafts, thereby stabilizing said vertebrae.
4. A method for stabilizing cervical vertebrae together wim a plate, the method comprising the steps of: (a) screwing in a screw into adjacent vertebrae to be fused together into each desired location for a bone screw, said screws including a lower threaded shaft, an intermediate shoulder and an upper threaded shaft;
(b) positioning a cervical plate having a plurality of openings arranged to mate with each of said screw upper shafts over said shafts, each of said openings being sized such that said screw shoulder may not pass therethrough; and
(c) locking said cervical plate to said screws by affixing overcaps to said upper threaded shafts, thereby stabilizing said vertebrae.
5. A method for stabilizing cervical vertebrae together with a plate, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) holding a cervical plate having a plurality of spaced slots with a hand held guide clamp, said guide clamp including clamping members for holding a cervical plate, said guide clamp further including at least one guide cylinder through which tools may be inserted; (b) aligning said guide clamp and cervical plate such that one of said at least one guide cylinder is positioned directly over one of said spaced plate slots;
(c) placing said plate held with said guide clamp against a vertebral segment to be stabilized;
(d) marking positions for screws to be screwed into said vertebral segments on bone of said cervical vertebra by passing a marking instrument through said guide cylinder and then removing said plate, guide clamp and guide cylinder from the vertebra;
(e) screwing in a screw into each marked position for a bone screw, each said screw including a lower threaded shaft, an intermediate shoulder and an upper threaded shaft;
(f) positioning said cervical plate or a different cervical plate, each having a plurality of elongated slots arranged to mate with each of said screw upper shafts over said shafts, each of said slots being sized such that said screw shoulder may not pass therethrough; and
(g) locking said cervical plate to said screws by affixing overcaps to said upper threaded shafts, thereby stabilizing said vertebrae.
PCT/US1995/009701 1994-08-23 1995-07-27 Cervical spine stabilization system WO1996005778A1 (en)

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US08/294,377 1994-08-23

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