WO1996028318A1 - Individuell anpassbare kopfstütze für sitze mit rückenlehne - Google Patents
Individuell anpassbare kopfstütze für sitze mit rückenlehne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996028318A1 WO1996028318A1 PCT/DE1996/000367 DE9600367W WO9628318A1 WO 1996028318 A1 WO1996028318 A1 WO 1996028318A1 DE 9600367 W DE9600367 W DE 9600367W WO 9628318 A1 WO9628318 A1 WO 9628318A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- support body
- headrest according
- backrest
- headrest
- head
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
- B60R21/207—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in vehicle seats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/806—Head-rests movable or adjustable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/806—Head-rests movable or adjustable
- B60N2/809—Head-rests movable or adjustable vertically slidable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/806—Head-rests movable or adjustable
- B60N2/809—Head-rests movable or adjustable vertically slidable
- B60N2/812—Head-rests movable or adjustable vertically slidable characterised by their locking devices
- B60N2/818—Head-rests movable or adjustable vertically slidable characterised by their locking devices with stepwise positioning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/806—Head-rests movable or adjustable
- B60N2/865—Head-rests movable or adjustable providing a fore-and-aft movement with respect to the occupant's head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/888—Head-rests with arrangements for protecting against abnormal g-forces, e.g. by displacement of the head-rest
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/08—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R2021/0002—Type of accident
- B60R2021/0006—Lateral collision
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R2021/0002—Type of accident
- B60R2021/0011—Rear collision or recoiling bounce after frontal collision
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R2021/01006—Mounting of electrical components in vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
- B60R21/207—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in vehicle seats
- B60R2021/2074—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in vehicle seats in head rests
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
- B60R21/207—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in vehicle seats
- B60R2021/2076—Removable covers with tear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
- B60R21/215—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
- B60R2021/21531—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member using a strechable wall liner
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an individually adaptable headrest for seats with a backrest with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- a headrest for a seat in a motor vehicle which comprises an essentially cylindrical support body.
- the longitudinal axis of the support body is aligned horizontally and runs parallel to the upper edge of the backrest.
- the support body is held in position relative to the backrest with the aid of one or two guide rods which protrude perpendicularly from the upper edge of the backrest and which engage on the underside of the support body.
- the anchoring of the upper ends of the guide rods in the cylindrical support body is designed in such a way that the support body can be inclined in or opposite to the direction of travel.
- the guide rods can be sunk in the backrest or partially pulled out of it, which results in a height adjustment of the support body.
- Such a headrest has numerous disadvantages.
- the neck and head region is neglected from an orthopedic point of view. If, for example, the vehicle is brought to a sudden stop by a frontal obstacle, there is a Whip-like vibration of the head or the upper body in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. At the end of the backward whip movement, the head hits the support body. Due to a very small impact area, very large G forces act on the brain, which can cause bleeding there. On the other hand, it is often observed that the driver is at least slightly lifted out of the seat during the forward whip movement. For the backward whipping movement, this has the consequence that the cylindrical support body does not act primarily on the head, but too deep at the transition area from the head to the neck. This causes the neck to stretch backwards. The following symptoms are referred to as whiplash injuries.
- the head becomes a plaything of the acting forces.
- a headrest designed according to the invention has the particular advantage that it supports the head and neck area laterally and to the rear.
- the position and, if appropriate, the shape of the individual support elements can be individually and, if necessary, adapted to the anatomical conditions of the seated person, in particular the shape of the skull and the cervical spine.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic, perspective view of a headrest according to the invention, the upper support body of which is spaced from the upper edge of the backrest,
- FIG. 2 shows a front view of a headrest according to the invention, the upper support body of which is in contact with the upper edge of the backrest,
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a headrest according to the invention along the line A-A in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section of another embodiment of the headrest according to the invention along the line A-A in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section along the line A-A in FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of a headrest according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross section along the vertical center line in FIG. 2 of a headrest according to the invention
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section along the vertical center line in FIG. 2 of a headrest according to the invention with a one-piece combination of an upper and a lower support body
- Figure 8 shows a cross section along the vertical center Telline in Figure (2) of a headrest according to the invention with a one-piece combination of an upper and lower support body which can be swiveled forward,
- Figure 9 is a plan view of a headrest according to the invention with upper and lower side guides and a lower support body
- FIG. 10 shows a cross section along the vertical center line of a headrest according to the invention with an expanded airbag
- Figure 11 is a schematic representation of a side guide with a front chamber filled with solid spheres and a block diagram of the supply and control.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic, perspective view of a headrest according to the invention, which is designed from the aspect of a particularly simple and inexpensive manufacture and a problem-free retrofit.
- This low-cost embodiment comprises at least one upper support body (1) for supporting the head to the rear, two side guides (5) which are provided on the front on the upper support body (1) and are used for lateral support of the head, and a lower support body (4) for supporting the neck lordosis area.
- the upper support body (1) is an extension of the Backrest (3) above the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3) and is essentially cylindrical. It has a preferably round, oval, semicircular or rectangular cross section. If necessary, the cross-sectional area can essentially correspond to the area of a triangle.
- the longitudinal axis (6) of the cylindrical upper support body (1) is aligned horizontally and runs parallel to the longitudinal axis (7) of the backrest (3).
- the underside of the upper support body (1) can be in contact with the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3). This is particularly the case when the upper support body (1) is integrated in the upper part of the backrest (3). As a rule, however, the upper support body (1) is spaced from the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3) so that it can be adjusted in height.
- the upper support body (1) is connected to the backrest (3) via at least one holding element (8).
- a holding element (8) can be rod-shaped or tubular or have an essentially rectangular cross-section.
- the holding element (8) can be vertically displaceably mounted in the backrest (3) and / or in the upper support body (1).
- the upper end of the holding element (8) is connected to the upper support body (1) via a swivel device, which inclines the upper support body (1) at a right angle to the longitudinal axis (7) of the backrest (3). allowed.
- the upper support body (1) with the help of a in the backrest and / or in itself integrated manual, electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic height adjustment mechanism set to a height at which the point of contact between the upper support body ( 1 ) and the back of the head is clearly below the upper end (1 1 ) of the upper support body (1), approximately in the region of the horizontal center line (12).
- At least two means (5) for lateral support of the head are provided on the front (9) of the upper support body (1).
- their shapes and locations are axially symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line (10) of the front surface (9).
- they can have, for example, a round, oval, elongated, rectangular or banana-shaped base area.
- Their distribution on the front surface (9) is selected as a function of the respective base surface and extension in such a way that maximum lateral support of the head is achieved with minimal impairment of seating comfort.
- the side guides (5) are preferably at least slightly spaced from one another, so that at least part of the back of the head and / or the temple area can come to lie between them. As already stated, they are each equally far, that is to say symmetrically, from the vertical center line (10). If, for example, only two side guides (5) are provided on the front surface (9) of the upper support body (1), the center of gravity of their base areas lies approximately at the height of the horizontal center line (12) of the front side (9) of the upper support body when viewed from the front (1) .
- side guides (5) are used, for example four each with a round base, the same number (for example two) of side guides (preferably two) is preferably located on both sides of the vertical center line (11) and the horizontal center line (12). 5).
- Such an arrangement pattern is particularly preferred when the point of contact between the upper support body (1) and the rearmost part of the back of the head corresponds to the intersection of the vertical center line (10) and the horizontal center line (12).
- the side guides (5) can be solid, plastic elements with the basic shapes already mentioned, which are made of foam, for example. They are at least somewhat elastic and can be adapted to the respective head shape by a corresponding cut.
- the side guides (5) are formed by hollow bodies, for example with the basic shapes specified above. By filling a gaseous, liquid or solid medium or mixtures thereof into the cavity, the extent of the elevation and the width of the respective side guide (5) can be set exactly. This leads to the advantage that the side guides (5) can be individually adapted to a wide variety of head shapes even during the journey and can be lowered or retracted according to the wishes of the seated person.
- Such side guides (5) comprise, for example, an at least somewhat rigid base which has one of the basic shapes mentioned.
- the outer support loosely rests on the rigid support, the outer dimensions of which correspond approximately to the dimensions of the rigid support and the edges of which are connected to the edges of the support, possibly in a gastight manner. If a medium is introduced into the space between the rigid base and the highly elastic film via a nozzle, which is optionally equipped with a valve, the highly elastic film bulges upwards and thereby forms the side guide (5).
- anchored, possibly elastic, tether straps or wall reinforcements can be provided on the inner walls in order to avoid bulging at unintended places and to precisely define the shape of the expanded side guide (5).
- the upper support body (4) has a central, front-side depression (32) which serves to receive and support the back of the head.
- any type of pump can be used to fill the intermediate space with a medium.
- Beispie- le of usable pumps are impeller pumps of radial, diagonal or axial type, metering pumps, reciprocating pumps, Steps piston pumps, diaphragm pumps, propellant pumps, compressed gas pumps, rotary pumps (circulating pump) as Kreisel ⁇ pumps or gear pumps, rotary piston pumps, Preßpumpen, peristaltic pumps, screw pumps or screw pumps , Vacuum pumps such as vacuum piston pumps, wet-rotor vacuum pumps, Roots vacuum pumps, dry-running vacuum pumps, water ring vacuum pumps and vortex pumps. Pumps (70, 71) which can also generate a slight negative pressure are preferred.
- pneumatically or hydraulically operated pumps are preferred because they allow a comfortable change in the spatial shape of the respective chamber even while driving and can be accommodated effortlessly in the backrest or centrally within the headrest.
- a hand-operated balloon-type pump which is used in blood pressure monitors, among other things, is particularly suitable from the point of the most favorable manufacturing costs.
- the pressure inside the side guide (5) can be reduced in a simple manner by means of a screw valve on the balloon-like pump.
- electrically operated pumps, pressurized gas containers or gas generators can also be used to fill the side guides (5).
- Figure 2 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the headrest according to the invention, which on the front (9) of the upper support body (1) has at least one permanent or protruding projection (14) in addition to the side guides (5).
- the projection (14) is directed forward in the direction of travel; if necessary, its front end points somewhat upwards and, in the fully activated state, projects at least partially in a roof shape over the head of the seated person.
- the projection (14) prevents the upper edge of the upper support body (1) from acting too deeply in the region of the neck lordosis by virtually capturing the head that swings back too high when the projection (14) is inclined upwards and gently returns to the correct, lower position. In this way, whiplash dreams caused by a frontal or rear-end collision can be avoided easily and safely.
- the projection (14) can be made in one piece with the upper support body. are produced by (1) and protrude permanently in the form of a bead or roof in the direction of travel.
- the projection (14) is preferably designed such that it can be brought into its beaded or roof-shaped final shape by filling it with a liquid, gaseous or solid medium or with mixtures thereof.
- the construction of the projection (24) can be chosen in accordance with the construction of the side guides (5) already described.
- the pumps, pressurized gas containers and / or gas generators mentioned there can also be used to fill the projection (14).
- a lower support body (4) is attached to the neck lordosis spine at the lower end of the front (9) and / or at the front end of the underside of the upper support body (1).
- This is essentially cylindrical and has, for example, a round, oval, rectangular or semicircular cross-sectional area.
- the longitudinal axis (13) of the lower support body (4) is aligned horizontally and runs parallel to the longitudinal axis (6) of the upper support body (1) and the longitudinal axis (7) of the backrest (3). If the upper support body (1) is locked in a raised position, a gap is formed between the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3) and the underside of the upper support body (1).
- the lower support body (4) is attached in such a way that it at least partially closes with the upper support body (1) and the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3), i.e. covers the gap and at the same time the curvature of the neck lordosis can have a supporting effect.
- the lower support body (4) is in particular arranged in such a way that it can intervene to support the curvature of the neck lordosis.
- the lower support body (4) can at least partially protrude from the front of the lower part of the upper support body (1) and / or the upper part of the backrest (3) (see Figure 6).
- the cross-sectional area of the lower support body (4) is preferably essentially semicircular in this case, the straight side being connected to the upper support body (1) and / or the backrest (3), while the curved side follows pointing towards the neck lordosis.
- the lower support body (4) is produced, for example, from a solid body from an at least somewhat elastic material, for example from foam.
- the lower support body (4) is, however, preferably designed in such a way that its expansion, in particular in the direction of the neck lordosis of the person sitting, also during the journey is individually adjustable.
- the unte ⁇ re supporting body (4) may for example be in the form of a chen in wesentli ⁇ cylindrical hollow body whose back is relatively stiff and its front side in comparison to the rear is elastic. If a liquid, gaseous or solid medium or a mixture thereof is introduced into the cavity, the elastic front bulges forward. Due to the pressure of the filling medium, the lower support body (4) can be brought into any shape and adapted exactly to the anatomical conditions of the person sitting.
- tether straps or wall reinforcements attached to the inner walls can be provided within the lower support body (4), which prevent the elastic front wall from unintentionally bulging and keep the filled lower support body (4) in the desired shape.
- the same pumps, pressurized gas containers and / or gas generators as in the case of the side guides (5) can be used to fill the lower support body (4).
- the lower support body (4) is used, if necessary, to close the gap between the backrest (3) and the raised upper support body (1).
- he has the task of supporting the cervical spine.
- This support of the cervical spine has the important advantage that when the upper body swings back like a whip after a frontal impact of the motor vehicle, the Cervical spine does not swing backwards and causes a dangerous nodding movement of the head.
- the lower support body (4) also enhances the effect of the bulge-shaped or roof-shaped projection (14) and thus contributes significantly to avoiding whiplash dreams.
- the upper body tends to slide upwards along the backrest (3).
- the upper edge of the upper support body may engage too deep in the neck area and cause the cervical spine to stretch backwards (whiplash).
- This sliding movement is stopped by the action of the lower support body (4) in the curvature of the neck lordosis and / or on the shoulder area.
- This sliding movement is also counteracted by the optionally roof-shaped projection (14) by gently holding the head down.
- Another advantage of the lower support body (4) is that it leads to a considerable increase in comfort both in the upright backrest position and in the lying position.
- the lower support body (4) has a shape approximately corresponding to the letter “U” when viewed from above.
- the free legs of the U are directed essentially horizontally forward, while the curved region of the U's pointing in the direction of the backrest (3).
- an upper body which does not swing back exactly in the center is centered and raised by the U-shaped legs of the lower support body (4) and / or the lower side guides (15), which are optionally at least slightly bent to the side, so that the roof-shaped projection (14 ), the upper side guides (5) and the lower support body (4) can each develop their full effect.
- the activatable components of the headrest according to the invention can each be connected with different filling means.
- each of these components can be connected to a separate balloon-like hand pump via a separate hose line, the ensemble of hand pumps in a pump console with corresponding the labeling of the individual pumps can be summarized.
- the side region of the seat or the center console of a vehicle is suitable for accommodating the pump console. Attachment to the free end of a bendable rod, the other end of which is anchored in the area of the center console or the dashboard, is also conceivable.
- a direct connection between a pressurized gas container and / or a gas generator and the activatable constituents mentioned is chosen in particular if the activatable constituents are to be activated almost simultaneously on the signal of a deceleration and / or acceleration igniter or accelerator.
- the connecting lines should be as short as possible and should have a large diameter so that the interior of the upper support body (1), the lower support body (4) or the backrest is primarily used to accommodate the compressed gas container and / or the gas container (3) comes into question.
- the upper and lower side guides (5, 15), the upper projection (14) and the lower support body (4) can be expanded in an airbag-like manner by means of a compressed gas container or gas generator coupled to a delay detonator. Rather, the entire front side (9) of the upper support body (1) and the rear side of the upper support body (1) facing the rear can also be flipped out in an airbag-like manner, the exact adherence to a specific pillow shape by the attachment of safety lines or safety straps on the inside of the walls, by choosing different wall thicknesses or by attaching wall reinforcements.
- the headrest according to the invention in connection with a compressed gas container and / or gas generator coupled to a deceleration or acceleration igniter or avoider, it has proven to be particularly advantageous to have the projection (14), the above ⁇ ren and the lower side guides (5, 15) and the lower support body (4) not individually, but in the form of a one-piece combination. For cost reasons, the integration of one or the other component can of course be dispensed with here.
- a particular advantage of the headrest according to the invention is that it can be easily retrofitted in a very simple embodiment.
- a hood-like cover which is adapted to the shape of the standard seat and the headrest that is optionally available as standard, can be solid or expandable at the positions described Projection (14), upper and optionally lower side guides (5, 15) and a lower support body (4), for example, are worked into appropriately sewn-in pockets.
- the activatable components can be provided on their back with a means which adheres to the surface of the upper support body (1) and / or the backrest (3).
- the activatable components can be retrofitted by simply pressing them on.
- Velcro fasteners are suitable for this type of assembly.
- Velcro strip or a zipper has proven itself.
- Figures 3, 4 and 5 represent cross sections along the line A-A in Figure 2 of different embodiments.
- FIG 3 there are two in the upper support body (1) at the same height, but horizontally spaced apart Recesses (16) for receiving two upper side guides (5) are formed.
- the side guides (5) are preferably made of a highly elastic, gas-tight material such as rubber, rubber, latex or neoprene. In the starting position, they have a shape corresponding to the solid line, which is adapted to the essentially rectangular recesses (16) and the bevel on the front of the head recess (32).
- the side guides (5) can be filled with any medium using one or more connecting lines (not shown here and in the following figures). Thanks to the highly elastic design of at least the preferably beveled front surface (17), this can then expand like a balloon in accordance with the dashed line.
- the front surfaces (17) of the side guides (5) have a larger area and are adapted to the curvature of the skull. This increases comfort in particular.
- the side areas can have a bellows-like structure.
- a correspondingly shaped block (18) made of an elastic material, for example of foam, can be provided in the interior of the side guide (5).
- stiffeners or, for example, telescopic guide elements to prevent the unintended tilting of the expanded side guide (5) to the side can be integrated into its walls or provided in its interior.
- the back (19) of the side guide (5) can be connected to a carrier plate (20) in order to increase the tilt resistance of the expanded side guide (5).
- a powerful conclusive and secured against tipping can be brought about, for example, by gluing, by the provision of Velcro fasteners or by the interlocking of appropriately designed projections on the one hand and corresponding recesses on the other hand, for example in the form of snap connections or push buttons.
- this carrier plate can be attached directly to the vertical holding element (s) (8).
- the side guides (5) in FIG. 5 are moved by hydraulic, pneumatic or electrically operated lifting cylinders (21) or by corresponding servomotors.
- the connections between the large-area front surfaces (17), which are adapted to the shape of the head, and the front ends of the lifting cylinders (21) are, as shown, preferably designed in the form of ball joints.
- the use of lifting cylinders (21) anchored to the carrier plate (20) opens up the possibility of a particularly exact adaptation of the side guides (5) to the shape of the head with an extremely high tilting stability in the expanded state.
- Figure 7 shows a cross section along the vertical center line (10) in Figure 2 of a particularly preferred embodiment of the headrest according to the invention, in which at least the upper support body (1) and the lower
- Support body (4) in the form of a one-piece combination are formed.
- the front contour of this combination is essentially S-shaped and is represented by the solid line in the non-expanded initial state and by the dashed line in the expanded or partially expanded state.
- the preferred shape of the rear carrier plate (20) can also be seen particularly clearly from this figure. Be :. When viewed from the side, the lower part of the carrier plate (20) initially runs straight upwards in accordance with the shape of the holding elements (8). Approximately from the middle of the carrier plate (20), this can experience a slight curvature towards the front in the direction of travel. This curvature leads to the advantage that during the rearward whip-like movement of the upper body after a frontal impact or a rear-end collision, the upper body does not easily slide along the backrest, which is usually inclined backwards, and that this causes the neck to be overstretched deeply acting headrest is counteracted.
- a hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically activatable lifting cylinder (21) can be rigidly or vertically pivoted on a rear support plate (20) extending between the vertical holding elements (8).
- the front end of the lifting cylinder is connected to a front carrier plate (23) via a ball joint (22).
- the front carrier plate (23) When viewed from the side, the front carrier plate (23) has an upper straight section which is essentially vertical in the undeployed initial position. The upper, straight section is adjoined by a lower section that curves forward. The curvature of the lower section is selected such that it covers the front upper edge of the backrest (3) in a slightly curved manner and that the lower end (24) of the lower section is slightly on the front of the backrest (3), preferably slightly below the Height of the neck lordosis. If the lifting cylinder (21) is actuated, the front carrier plate (23) is moved forward together with the above-mentioned components of the headrest according to the invention.
- the mounting location of the lifting cylinder (21) can be chosen so low that the center of gravity of the front carrier plate (23) is above this mounting location lies.
- a safety line (25) for example, between the vertical holding element (8) and the lower section of the front carrier plate (23).
- an airbag that can be filled by a gas generator or a pressure container can be used.
- Figure 9 shows a schematic top view of a headrest according to the invention with a one-piece combination of the upper support body (1) and the lower support body (4).
- the upper and lower side guides (5, 15) are also harmoniously integrated into this combination .
- the upper projection (14) is not shown.
- the activatable components (upper projection (14), upper side guides (5), lower support body (4) and lower side guides (15)) can be activated by pumps or piston stroke cylinders and the like.
- FIG. 10 now shows that all of these components can be activated simultaneously by a gas generator.
- a gas generator for example filled with sodium acid pellets (31), via a squib (30) filled with black powder, for example a mechanical or electrical (27) trigger sensor system in connection. If a predetermined threshold value of the acceleration exceeded the trigger sensor system triggers the gas generator (26).
- a pressurized gas container can of course be used. The resulting gas inflates the airbag (29) completely in a very short time (approx. 10 to 60 milliseconds).
- the airbag (29) is brought into the shape shown in FIG. 10, which also shows an upper roof-shaped projection (14), possibly two upper side guides (5) (not shown here), a lower support body (4) and possibly two lower ones ⁇ lte side guides (15) in a one-piece combination.
- tether straps (28) of the appropriate length are preferably attached at suitable positions on the inner walls of the airbag (29) (see Figure 10).
- the airbag (29) usually consists of a woven yarn, for example polyamide 6.6 (nylon).
- a typical fabric is 940 dtex nylon, setting 12/12 Fd / cm. Coated and / or uncoated fabrics can be used
- the rear of the upper support body (1) facing the rear is also preferably designed in such a way that it can produce a pillow-shaped airbag that can be inflated by a gas generator or a compressed gas container. This extends, if necessary, down into the knee area and laterally to such an extent that it comes into contact with either the vehicle wall or the airbag of the adjacent seat. This effectively prevents rear passengers from being catapulted past the headrest in the event of a frontal impact.
- FIG. 11 shows, for all other activatable components, such an isolated side guide (5, 15), its location is shown within the headrest according to the invention in Figure 4.
- the respective front surface is double-layered, the layers (65, 66) being approximately 0.5 to 10 cm apart, and small solid particles between the two layers (65, 66) (63) stored like polystyrene balls.
- the spherical styrofoam particles (63) can be easily shifted against each other. If they are brought into the correct position by lightly pressing on the neck or head, a slight negative pressure is applied in this space (67) via a line (68) and maintained. The polystyrene beads are now pressed against each other by the ambient air pressure and can only be moved with difficulty. This "freezes" the desired shape of the front area.
- a gel or a resin or the like can be used to fix the spherical particles (63) over the connection (68) can be supplied.
- thermoplastic filling material of the front chamber (67) is preferably at least somewhat elastic even in the cooled state.
- connection (68) of the front-side chamber (67) is preferably designed to be extensible in the longitudinal direction, for example in the form of a spiral, so when the rear chamber (69) is expanded, in which a foam body (18) may be present. is housed, the pressure or vacuum in the front chamber (67) can be maintained.
- the port (62) of the rear chamber (69) and the port (68) of the front chamber (67) can communicate with the same pump or with different pumps (70, 71).
- shut-off valves (72, 73) can be provided in the connecting lines (62, 68), which are closed after the setpoint pressure has been reached or close automatically .
- pressure measuring devices (74, 75) are connected between the respective chambers (67, 69) and the corresponding shut-off valves (72, 73).
- the pumps (70, 71), the shut-off valves (72, 73) and the pressure measuring devices (74, 75) are generally designed such that they are operated or controlled electrically.
- each of these components to a central processing unit (76, CPU) for control purposes.
- An input device (77) for example an ensemble of keyboard-shaped operating switches, is also connected to this central processing unit (76).
- the pumps (70, 71), the shut-off valves (72, 73), the pressure measuring devices (74, 75) and the central processing unit (76) are also connected to a source of electrical energy.
- the target values for the pressure conditions in the chambers (69, 67) can be entered via the keyboard (77).
- the pressure measuring devices (74, 75) determine the actual value and report it to the central processing unit (76). There the actual value is compared with the Scll value.
- the central processing unit (76) activates the corresponding pump (70, 71) and opens the associated shut-off valve (72, 73) until the pressure measuring device (74, 75) the actual value reported to the central processing unit (76) corresponds to the target value. If the actual value corresponds to the target value, the central processing unit (76) closes the corresponding shut-off valve (74, 75) and switches off the associated pump (70, 71).
- central processing unit (76) the shut-off valve (73, 72) until the actual value corresponds to the target value.
- the central processing unit (76) may be connected to a memory (78).
- a memory (78) In this case, it is possible to store person-dependent target values in the memory (76) and to effect the automatic setting of the corresponding actual value, for example by entering an identification number or a number code.
- all or more of the activatable constituents which require an excess pressure for activation are connected, for example, to a distributor valve which can be controlled by the central processing unit, each via its own supply line.
- a pressure measuring instrument coupled to the central processing unit (76) may be located in each of these supply lines. Only one line leads from the central distributor valve to the single pump (70) delivering excess pressure. These statements apply accordingly to those components that require negative pressure for activation.
- a set of target values for several activatable components can now be stored in the memory (78) for each authorized user.
- the pumps (70, 71), optionally together with the shut-off valves (72, 73), can be controlled directly via the keyboard-shaped input device (77) the. In this case, one can do without the pressure measuring devices. To avoid overloading the pumps (70, 71) and damage to the walls (60) of the cell, it is recommended to use an overload protection for the pumps (70, 71).
- the keyboard-shaped input device (77) is integrated in the keyboard field of the input device which serves to control the other functions of the seat (for example: height adjustment of the headrest, height adjustment of the seat, seat air conditioning in the seat cushion and backrest) Seat heating, seat surface inclination, seat surface extension adjustment, seat depth adjustment, lumbar spine support, swing stroke adjustment and backrest inclination adjustment).
- the input device (77) is preferably located on the seat, for example on the side of the thigh support, on the center console between the seats or on the dashboard.
- the upper support body (1) can be adjusted in height relative to the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3).
- the height of the upper support body can basically be adjusted in two ways: either the vertical holding element (8) is vertically displaceably mounted in the backrest (3) or the upper supporting body (1) is vertically displaceable on the fixed holding element (8) appropriate.
- the holding element (8) can be guided, for example, in a vertical guide tube in the backrest become.
- the vertical displacement of the holding element (8) is preferably carried out by a hydraulically or pneumatically driven lifting cylinder, which is arranged acting vertically upwards in the lower part of the guide tube encompassing the holding element (8).
- the holding element (8) can also be moved vertically by a rotatably driven screw which engages in a section of the holding element (8) provided with teeth.
- the upper support body (1) can be brought suddenly into a particularly high-lying end position in the event of the action of acceleration forces above a threshold value.
- the lifting cylinder mentioned in the guide tube is connected to a separate gas generator or pressure gas container, which are each coupled to a corresponding trigger sensor system.
- the holding element (8) can be guided in a substantially gas-tight manner in the guide tube.
- the gas generator or the pressure gas container act on the lower section of the guide tube.
- known height adjustment mechanisms can be used, which, for example, with the aid of a spring clip anchored in the upper edge (2) of the backrest (3), which engages in a rastering of the holding element (8) in this area, locks the holding element (8). in a loading agreed height.
- the upper support body (1) can also be displaced vertically relative to the fixed holding element (8) by a pneumatically or hydraulically operated lifting cylinder, which is mounted in a vertically acting manner in a guide tube comprising the upper end of the holding element (8).
- the lifting cylinder can be connected to a gas generator or compressed gas container with a corresponding trigger sensor in order to accelerate the upper support body (1) in the event of the action of acceleration forces above a certain threshold value.
- the lifting cylinders are preferably equipped with means which are connected to the central processing unit (76) and which signal the current height of the upper support body (1).
- Such means are, for example, flow meters.
- the entire headrest according to the invention can be operated pneumatically.
- a central compressed air tank can be provided under the driver's seat, for example.
- This tank can be equipped with a tire valve, which allows the tank to be refilled easily at a petrol station.
- gases such as, for example, air, nitrogen, halogenated hydrocarbons such as fluorochlorohydrocarbons (for example Frigen), carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, liquids such as water, oils, alcohols, liquids with a particularly high or with a particularly low viscosity, thermoplastic liquids or thermosetting liquids (resins), solids such as spherical small particles, for example made of polystyrene, powdered solids or mixtures thereof such as gels, foams or the like.
- gases such as, for example, air, nitrogen, halogenated hydrocarbons such as fluorochlorohydrocarbons (for example Frigen), carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide
- liquids such as water, oils, alcohols, liquids with a particularly high or with a particularly low viscosity
- thermoplastic liquids or thermosetting liquids (resins) thermosetting liquids (resins)
- solids such as spherical small particles, for example made of polystyren
- each activatable component can be filled with the same or with a different medium depending on the other activatable components or independently of these.
- the pumps (70, 71), the shut-off valves (72, 73), the pressure measuring devices (74, 75) and the central processing unit (76) are usually accommodated in the spacious backrest of the seat.
- a vertical support plate (20) which is located between the above the area of which and the rear area of the headrest are provided, recesses adapted to the shape of the components can be formed.
- recesses adapted to the shape of the components can be formed.
- a cushioning for example made of foam material, is preferably provided between the components and the side of the cell facing the carrier plate (20).
- a cushioning for example made of foam material, is preferably provided between the components and the side of the cell facing the carrier plate (20).
- the power supply to the central processing unit (76), the pumps (70, 71), the shut-off valves (72, 73) and optionally the pressure measuring devices (74, 75) and the motors for height adjustment of the holding elements (8) can be provided by a battery or an accumulator take place, which are also installed removable in the headrest.
- an energy supply is via a
- Battery or an accumulator possible which are housed in the backrest. If necessary, a power supply from the vehicle electrical system is particularly advantageous.
- pumps (70, 71) which are firmly connected to the connections (62, 68) of the chambers (69, 67) can be used. to be dispensed with.
- the chambers are filled once with a separate, mobile pump to such an extent that the shape and the damping properties of the cell correspond to the desired value.
- the connecting lines (62, 68) are then separated from the separate pump and sealed reversibly or irreversibly.
- the material of the walls of the activatable components is preferably liquid and / or gas tight, flexible and at least somewhat stretchable.
- the headrest according to the invention is preferably covered with all of its components by a tightly fitting elastic protective cover, which can be color-matched to the upholstery of the vehicle and is made of a skin-friendly, breathable material. If necessary, it can have predetermined breaking points in the form of tear seams at certain points.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/913,640 US6158812A (en) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-29 | Individually adaptable headrest for seats with backs |
DE59601714T DE59601714D1 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-29 | Individuell anpassbare kopfstütze für sitze mit rückenlehne |
EP96904726A EP0814970B1 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-29 | Individuell anpassbare kopfstütze für sitze mit rückenlehne |
DE19680135T DE19680135D2 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-29 | Individuell anpaßbare Kopfstütze für Sitze mit Rückenlehne |
AU48745/96A AU4874596A (en) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-29 | Individually adaptable headrest for seats with backs |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29504287.7 | 1995-03-13 | ||
DE29504287U DE29504287U1 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1995-03-13 | Individuell anpaßbare Kopfstütze für Sitze mit Rückenlehne |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996028318A1 true WO1996028318A1 (de) | 1996-09-19 |
Family
ID=8005284
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1996/000367 WO1996028318A1 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-02-29 | Individuell anpassbare kopfstütze für sitze mit rückenlehne |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6158812A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0814970B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE179128T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU4874596A (de) |
DE (3) | DE29504287U1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996028318A1 (de) |
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- 1996-02-29 DE DE19680135T patent/DE19680135D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-29 US US08/913,640 patent/US6158812A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-29 AT AT96904726T patent/ATE179128T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-29 EP EP96904726A patent/EP0814970B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-29 DE DE59601714T patent/DE59601714D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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GB2302268B (en) * | 1995-06-14 | 1998-12-23 | Autoliv Dev | Improvements in or relating to a head rest |
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DE19919561A1 (de) * | 1999-04-29 | 2000-11-02 | Volkswagen Ag | Sicherheitsvorrichtung an einem Fahrzeugsitz mit Kopfstütze und Nackenstütze |
DE19919561B4 (de) * | 1999-04-29 | 2008-01-31 | Volkswagen Ag | Sicherheitsvorrichtung an einem Fahrzeugsitz mit Kopfstütze und Nackenstütze |
DE10347380A1 (de) * | 2003-10-08 | 2005-05-12 | Volkswagen Ag | Variable Kopfstütze |
DE10347380B4 (de) * | 2003-10-08 | 2012-12-06 | Volkswagen Ag | Variable Kopfstütze |
DE102009021267A1 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Kopfstütze für einen Sitz |
DE102009021267B4 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2024-03-14 | Volkswagen Ag | Kopfstütze mit Kopfstützen-Komfortflügeln |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE29504287U1 (de) | 1995-05-11 |
DE59601714D1 (de) | 1999-05-27 |
EP0814970A1 (de) | 1998-01-07 |
AU4874596A (en) | 1996-10-02 |
EP0814970B1 (de) | 1999-04-21 |
ATE179128T1 (de) | 1999-05-15 |
DE19680135D2 (de) | 1998-04-16 |
US6158812A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
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