WO1996033593A1 - Manufacture of organic light emitting devices - Google Patents
Manufacture of organic light emitting devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996033593A1 WO1996033593A1 PCT/GB1996/000923 GB9600923W WO9633593A1 WO 1996033593 A1 WO1996033593 A1 WO 1996033593A1 GB 9600923 W GB9600923 W GB 9600923W WO 9633593 A1 WO9633593 A1 WO 9633593A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- self
- light emitting
- layer
- organic
- supporting
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/50—Forming devices by joining two substrates together, e.g. lamination techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
- H10K77/111—Flexible substrates
Definitions
- the field of the invention relates to the manufacture of organic light emitting devices.
- a top metal electrode can be deposited by a vacuum coating technique (e.g. evaporation) .
- the layers have a strict uniformity requirement that may be difficult to satisfy over large coating areas.
- the main disadvantage of this technique is the need to deposit the metal electrode by vacuum metallisation.
- EP-A-331997 describes the manufacturing technique for an electroluminescent element in which the luminescent layer contains fluorescent material such as for example zinc sulphide.
- a back electrode is formed of an aluminium foil and carries an insulating layer and a luminescent layer. This composite is laminated to a transparent conductive film in the form of a continuous web.
- conjugated polymers could be made to exhibit electroluminescence, as described in our earlier US Patent 5,247,190 (herein incorporated by reference), allowed for different deposition techniques, namely the use of wet-film coating techniques such as spin-coating. These films can have better thermal and mechanical stability than sublimed molecular films.
- the deposition of a plurality of layers requires careful selection of solvents and polymer systems to avoid redissolution of the previously deposited layers.
- soluble precursor polymers are deposited as wet films and subsequently converted (e.g. by heat treatment) to the final insoluble polymer form.
- the heat treatment has to avoid damage to any previous layers or substrates - in particular plastic substrates that are sued for flexibility and/or transparency can be prone to damage.
- One way around this is to deposit the precursor material on a flexible, high temperature resistance material such as a metal foil and then to deposit a transparent electrode after conversion. In this case the deposition conditions have to be carefully considered to allow a high quality transparent and conductive film to be produced.
- One aim of the invention is to develop a technique for fabricating a multilayer organic light emitting device which avoids these problems.
- a method of making a light emitting device comprising the laminating together of two self-supporting components, at least one of which has a light emitting layer on an inner surface thereof, whereby the light emitting layer is located between the components in the finished device, characterised in that: a first one of the self-supporting components is formed by coating a first substrate with an organic light emissive material; a second one of the self-supporting components is formed by coating a second substrate with an organic material which is one of a light emissive material and a charge transport material; and the step of laminating together the two self-supporting components is such that the organic materials are located between the substrates in the finished device.
- the organic materials can be selected from organic semiconductive conjugated polymers.
- a range of suitable polymers is described for example in our US Patent 5,247,190, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
- a particularly suitable semiconductive conjugated polymer is poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) or its derivatives.
- PSV poly(phenylenevinylene)
- each of the self- supporting substrates provides a respective electrode for the light emitting device.
- one of the substrates may be aluminium and the other of the substrates may be glass or a transparent plastics material with a coating of indium tin oxide as the electrode.
- the light emissive layer has the property of emitting light when an electric field is applied between the electrodes.
- Electrodes other than indium tin oxide and aluminium can be used, provided that the work functions of the electrodes are selected to allow injection of charge carriers of opposite types into the polymer layer.
- organic molecular films may be utilised. Suitable molecular materials are disclosed in the reference referred to earlier in the name of C. . Tang et al.
- the two substrates are typically laminated together by application of pressure and heat.
- the second substrate can carry a second light emitting layer for emitting light at a wavelength different to the organic light emissive material on the first substrate, or it can be a charge transport layer.
- a charge transport layer enhances the transfer of charge carriers (i.e. electrons or holes) from one of the electrodes to the light emitting layer to enhance the efficiency of light emission.
- Suitable charge transport layers in the form of semiconductive conjugated polymers are likewise described in our US Patent 5,247,190. In the described embodiment, PPV is used as the charge transport layer while cyanoPPV is used as the light emissive layer.
- charge transport layers include conducting polymers such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, PPV and derivatives and polythiophene and derivatives. These are conjugated polymers which have been made conductive through doping. Doped polymers of this type may be solution processible or they may need to be deposited by some other means, for example by electrochemical deposition in si tu .
- a solvent processible conducting form of polyaniline is disclosed in US 5,232,631. This describes polyaniline which has been protonated (doped) with camphor sulfonic acid (PANI-CSA) and can be solution processed in m- cresol. Another possibility is a water soluble polymer complex of poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(styrenesulphonate) .
- One advantage of using such conducting polymers as the charge transport layer is that the interface between the conducting polymer layer and the light emissive layer has less critical energy requirements than when two semiconductive conjugated polymer layers are used adjacent one another. This in turn means that the lamination technique may be slightly more tolerant of process variations when a conducting polymer is used as the charge transport layer.
- a method of making a light emitting device comprising the laminating together of two self-supporting components, at least one of which is formed by coating a first substrate with an organic light emissive material constituting a light emitting layer and a conducting polymer constituting a charge transport layer, whereby the light emitting layer and the charge transport layer are located between the components in the finished device.
- Lamination of the self-supporting substrates with the layers therebetween can be by heating. However, with some materials it may be necessary to apply a layer of adhesive to ensure good adhesion between the layers carried by the self-supporting substrates.
- an organic light emitting device comprising a self- supporting substrate acting as a first electrode and carrying a first organic layer, a second self-supporting substrate acting as a second electrode and carrying a second organic layer, and arranged between the first and second organic layers a layer of adhesive, wherein at least one of the first and second organic layers is a light emitting layer.
- the invention is used to advantage to provide an easier method of fabricating organic light emitting diode devices, by laminating together two self-supporting substrates that either already have electrode layers deposited on them, or where one or both of the substrates directly act as the electrode layer.
- the fabrication process can therefore take place without vacuum metal deposition techniques.
- multiple layer structures can be fabricated without concern for redissolution of the individual layers in the case of soluble organic materials.
- the materials can be deposited on top of the more resistant substrate material.
- Figure 1 is the chemical structure of a first polymer
- Figure 2 is the chemical structure of a second polymer
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary structure in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 4 is a diagram showing apparatus for performing the method of the invention.
- Figure 5 is a diagram of a light emitting device
- FIG. 6 is an exemplary structure in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
- Figures 7 and 8 are respectively different arrangements for one of the self-supporting components to be used with the other self-supporting component as illustrated in Figure 6;
- Figure 9 is an exemplary structure of a different embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 3 shows the structure of a multiple layer light emitting device fabricated in a specific embodiment.
- One self-supporting substrate 2 comprises a glass or transparent plastics material 4 carrying a coating 6 of indium tin oxide.
- the coating 6 of indium tin oxide acts as a first electrode for the finished device.
- the first self-supporting substrate 2 carries a layer 8 of a first polymer which acts as a charge transport compound.
- the structure of the first polymer is shown in Figure 1 which represents poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) .
- Manufacture of the first self-supporting substrate 2 with its polymer coating 8 is the first step in the method described herein.
- Figure 3 also illustrates a second self-supporting substrate 10, in this case a thin sheet of aluminium foil.
- This carries a coating 12 of a second polymer layer, the structure of which is shown in Figure 2.
- the second polymer layer is poly(cyanoterephthalylidene) which acts as a light emitting layer.
- first and second self- supporting substrates After individual manufacture of the first and second self- supporting substrates with their respective coatings, they are laminated together to form an electroluminescent device as indicated diagrammatically by the arrows A.
- the first polymer coating 8 is deposited by spin coating a methanol solution of the sulfonium precursor to poly(phenylenevinylene) onto the indium tin oxide coated glass 4,6. This is thermally treated to convert the precursor polymer into PPV, which acts as a charge transport layer in the structure.
- PPV poly(phenylenevinylene)
- Other suitable conjugated polymers including derivatives of PPV are disclosed in US 5,247,190, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
- the second polymer coating 12 is deposited by spin coating a chloroform solution of a suitable poly(cyanotrephthalylidene) onto the aluminium foil 10, and acts as the light emitting layer. In this case the self-supporting substrate acts directly as the electrode.
- Lamination of the two structure halves is induced by the simultaneous application of pressure and heating to 50°C in a vacuum oven.
- electroluminescence was observed on application of a positive bias between the indium tin oxide and aluminium electrodes.
- emitting and charge transport layers include molecular materials such as Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium which is sublimed, directly soluble conjugated polymer materials such as polyalkylthiophenes and alkoxy derivatives of PPV, oxadiazole-based molecular or polymer layers, conjugated polymer blends of electroluminescent and transport layers in one layer, molecular materials embedded in a polymer matrix and many other combinations. Suitable alternatives are described in the article by C.T. Tang, et al, referenced above, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
- more than one polymer coating is provided on the self-supporting substrate 2 while only one coating is provided on the aluminium foil 10.
- the aluminium foil may carry more than one polymer coating while more than one coating is applied to the self-supporting substrate 2.
- Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment where the charge transport compound is a layer of polyaniline 28.
- the light emissive material 22 carried by the second self-supporting substrate 10 is PPV.
- Figure 7 illustrates an alternative self-supporting component for use with the first self-supporting component shown on the left hand side of Figure 6.
- Figure 7 illustrates a thin sheet of aluminium foil 10 on which has been formed a layer 24 of cyanoPPV and a layer 26 of PPV.
- the layer 26 of PPV acts as an additional semiconductive charge transport layer.
- Semiconductive charge transport layers generally differentially transport charge carriers of opposite types (i.e. electrons or holes) and are used to improve the efficiency of the device by assisting in the balancing of electron and hole injection into the light emissive layer from the device electrodes.
- conductive charge transport layers transport charge carriers of both types (i.e. electrons and holes) and to that extent can be considered as forming part of the electrode of the device.
- Figure 8 illustrates the further possibility for a self- supporting substrate for use with the self-supporting component on the left hand side of Figure 6.
- a thin sheet of aluminium foil 10 carries a coating 24 of cyanoPPV, a coating 26 of PPV and a coating 30 of polyaniline.
- the layer 26 acts as a semiconductive charge transport layer whereas the layers 28 and 30 act as conductive charge transport layers.
- Figure 9 is an exemplary structure in accordance with a different embodiment of the invention.
- the self-supporting substrate 2 carries no polymer layers.
- the self-supporting substrate 10 carries a layer 22 of PPV and a layer 28 of polyaniline.
- the layer 22 of PPV acts as a light emissive layer while the layer 28 of polyaniline acts as a conducting charge transport layer.
- Figure 4 illustrates an apparatus suitable for carrying out a method laminating the structure halves.
- Reference numeral 14 denotes a pair of rollers which continuously apply the first polymer coating 8 to the indium tin oxide coated glass substrate 4. The rollers can apply the polymer coating by a deposition or printing process. Thus, a first self-supporting coated film is produced.
- Reference numeral 16 denotes a second pair of rollers which similarly apply the second polymer coating 12 to the aluminium foil 10. A second self-supporting, coated film is thus produced.
- the two self-supporting films are supplied to a third pair of heated rollers 18 which laminate the films together to produce a continuous laminated multilayer structure which forms the light emitting device.
- the two structure halves are joined by the application of pressure and an adhesive layer applied to one of the structure halves.
- the adhesive layer is chosen to maximise the bonding between the structure halves for application of a given temperature and pressure, and to have a minimum impact on the performance of the light emitting diode.
- Figure 5 shows a finished structure with an adhesive layer 20.
- Other like numerals denote like parts as in Figure 3.
- the invention can be applied to any industrial application of light emitting polymers, particularly where flexible substrates may be used.
- industrial applications include (but are not confined to) backlights, alphanumeric displays, graphic displays, static displays and printheads.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP53155296A JP3824644B2 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1996-04-17 | Manufacture of organic light emitting devices |
US08/930,230 US5965979A (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1996-04-17 | Manufacture of organic light emitting devices |
DE69622034T DE69622034T2 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1996-04-17 | MANUFACTURE OF ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES |
EP96910097A EP0821862B1 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1996-04-17 | Manufacture of organic light emitting devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9507857.2A GB9507857D0 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1995-04-18 | Manufacture of organic light emitting diodes |
GB9507857.2 | 1995-04-18 | ||
GBGB9515298.9A GB9515298D0 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1995-07-26 | Manufacture of organic light emitting devices |
GB9515298.9 | 1995-07-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996033593A1 true WO1996033593A1 (en) | 1996-10-24 |
Family
ID=26306887
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1996/000923 WO1996033593A1 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1996-04-17 | Manufacture of organic light emitting devices |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5965979A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0821862B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3824644B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69622034T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996033593A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999049525A1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-09-30 | Cambridge Display Technology Limited | Multilayer photovoltaic or photoconductive devices |
EP0996176A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-26 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Method of fabricating and structure of an active matrix light-emitting display device |
WO2001018889A1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Large area organic electronic devices having conducting polymer buffer layers and methods of making same |
JP2002541631A (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2002-12-03 | マイクロエミッシブ ディスプレイズ リミティド | Optoelectronic display |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6623870B1 (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 2003-09-23 | The Ohio State University | Electroluminescence in light emitting polymers featuring deaggregated polymers |
JPH10288965A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-27 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Display device |
US20030074672A1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2003-04-17 | John Daniels | Multiuser internet gateway system |
US6611096B1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2003-08-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Organic electronic devices having conducting self-doped polymer buffer layers |
US20020036291A1 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-03-28 | Parker Ian D. | Multilayer structures as stable hole-injecting electrodes for use in high efficiency organic electronic devices |
US6867539B1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2005-03-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Encapsulated organic electronic devices and method for making same |
JP3902938B2 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2007-04-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Organic light emitting device manufacturing method, organic light emitting display manufacturing method, organic light emitting device, and organic light emitting display |
US6692662B2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-02-17 | Elecon, Inc. | Compositions produced by solvent exchange methods and uses thereof |
WO2003013192A1 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-13 | The Ohio State University | Methods for fabricating polymer light emitting devices by lamination |
US6876143B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-04-05 | John James Daniels | Organic light active devices and methods for fabricating the same |
US7378124B2 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2008-05-27 | John James Daniels | Organic and inorganic light active devices and methods for making the same |
DE10219905B4 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2011-06-22 | OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH, 93055 | Optoelectronic component with organic functional layers and two carriers and method for producing such an optoelectronic component |
AU2003270067A1 (en) | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-29 | John Daniels | Printer and method for manufacturing electronic circuits and displays |
US7161590B2 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2007-01-09 | John James Daniels | Thin, lightweight, flexible, bright, wireless display |
US20040043139A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-04 | Daniels John James | Printer and method for manufacturing electronic circuits and displays |
US20050196382A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2005-09-08 | Replicor, Inc. | Antiviral oligonucleotides targeting viral families |
US7256427B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2007-08-14 | Articulated Technologies, Llc | Organic light active devices with particulated light active material in a carrier matrix |
JP2005005227A (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-01-06 | Hitachi Displays Ltd | Organic el light-emitting display device |
JP4820536B2 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2011-11-24 | 彬雄 谷口 | Method for manufacturing organic electroluminescence device |
US7411223B2 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2008-08-12 | General Electric Company | Compound electrodes for electronic devices |
US7052355B2 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2006-05-30 | General Electric Company | Organic electro-optic device and method for making the same |
EP1577949A1 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-21 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Flexible organic electronic device and methods for preparing the same |
US7217956B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2007-05-15 | Articulated Technologies, Llc. | Light active sheet material |
US7294961B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2007-11-13 | Articulated Technologies, Llc | Photo-radiation source provided with emissive particles dispersed in a charge-transport matrix |
US7427782B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2008-09-23 | Articulated Technologies, Llc | Roll-to-roll fabricated light sheet and encapsulated semiconductor circuit devices |
US7858994B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2010-12-28 | Articulated Technologies, Llc | Solid state light sheet and bare die semiconductor circuits with series connected bare die circuit elements |
US20050282307A1 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2005-12-22 | Daniels John J | Particulate for organic and inorganic light active devices and methods for fabricating the same |
US7625596B2 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2009-12-01 | General Electric Company | Adhesion promoter, electroactive layer and electroactive device comprising same, and method |
JP2006302556A (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-11-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | Manufacturing method of semiconductor device, semiconductor device, electronic device, and electronic apparatus |
DE102005022039B4 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2008-11-13 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing an encapsulated electronic component |
JP2008060034A (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2008-03-13 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | Organic electroluminescent element, manufacturing method of organic electroluminescent element, illumination device, and display device |
US20150242057A1 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-08-27 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Technique for generating localized light source for an embedded optical sensor array |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU188592A1 (en) * | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTROLUMINESCENTZ | |||
EP0331997A1 (en) * | 1988-03-05 | 1989-09-13 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Elongated electroluminescence element and manufacturing method thereof |
WO1989012376A1 (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1989-12-14 | Electroluminescent Technologies Corporation | Electroluminescent lamp and method for producing the same |
WO1990013148A1 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-11-01 | Cambridge Research And Innovation Limited | Electroluminescent devices |
JPH02312185A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-27 | Nec Kansai Ltd | Manufacture of organic distributed electroluminescent lamp |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3376177A (en) * | 1964-05-04 | 1968-04-02 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Process for the manufacture of electroluminescent lamps |
US5759709A (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1998-06-02 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Polymeric fluorescent substance and organic electroluminescence device |
US5858561A (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1999-01-12 | The Ohio State University | Bipolar electroluminescent device |
-
1996
- 1996-04-17 EP EP96910097A patent/EP0821862B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-17 WO PCT/GB1996/000923 patent/WO1996033593A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-04-17 US US08/930,230 patent/US5965979A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-17 JP JP53155296A patent/JP3824644B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-17 DE DE69622034T patent/DE69622034T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU188592A1 (en) * | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTROLUMINESCENTZ | |||
EP0331997A1 (en) * | 1988-03-05 | 1989-09-13 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Elongated electroluminescence element and manufacturing method thereof |
WO1989012376A1 (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1989-12-14 | Electroluminescent Technologies Corporation | Electroluminescent lamp and method for producing the same |
WO1990013148A1 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-11-01 | Cambridge Research And Innovation Limited | Electroluminescent devices |
JPH02312185A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-27 | Nec Kansai Ltd | Manufacture of organic distributed electroluminescent lamp |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 188592, XP002010667 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 106 (E - 1044) 13 March 1991 (1991-03-13) * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999049525A1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-09-30 | Cambridge Display Technology Limited | Multilayer photovoltaic or photoconductive devices |
US6340789B1 (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2002-01-22 | Cambridge Display Technology Limited | Multilayer photovoltaic or photoconductive devices |
EP0996176A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-26 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Method of fabricating and structure of an active matrix light-emitting display device |
US6461885B1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2002-10-08 | Sony International (Europe) Gmbh | Method of fabricating and structure of an active matrix light-emitting display device |
JP2002541631A (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2002-12-03 | マイクロエミッシブ ディスプレイズ リミティド | Optoelectronic display |
WO2001018889A1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Large area organic electronic devices having conducting polymer buffer layers and methods of making same |
US6593690B1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2003-07-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Large area organic electronic devices having conducting polymer buffer layers and methods of making same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3824644B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
EP0821862A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
JPH11503868A (en) | 1999-03-30 |
DE69622034T2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
US5965979A (en) | 1999-10-12 |
DE69622034D1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
EP0821862B1 (en) | 2002-06-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5965979A (en) | Manufacture of organic light emitting devices | |
KR101099807B1 (en) | An organic organic electro-optic device and method for making the same | |
JP4682390B2 (en) | Polymer EL device | |
EP1299913B1 (en) | Method for making encapsulated organic electronic devices | |
EP1439741B1 (en) | Flexible substrates for organic devices | |
EP1432050B1 (en) | Large organic devices and methods of fabricating large organic devices | |
US6593690B1 (en) | Large area organic electronic devices having conducting polymer buffer layers and methods of making same | |
JP5007987B2 (en) | Adhesion promoter, electroactive layer, electroactive device including the same, and method thereof | |
JP4790210B2 (en) | Electrodes to reduce the effects of defects in organic electronic devices | |
US7075103B2 (en) | Multilayer device and method of making | |
TW200306758A (en) | Organic thin-film device and its production method | |
US9059429B2 (en) | Manufacturing method for organic electroluminescent panel and organic electroluminescent panel manufactured using the same | |
SE503039C2 (en) | Electroluminescent device and method of manufacture thereof | |
Zhu et al. | Toward novel flexible display-top-emitting OLEDs on Al-laminated PET substrates | |
JP2004079403A (en) | Polymer el element and its manufacturing method | |
JP4491931B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of EL element | |
JP2001185362A (en) | Polymer electroluminescent element and its manufacturing method | |
JP2002141174A (en) | Polymer el device | |
TWI220640B (en) | Polymer organic light emitting device with cross-linked emitting layer and manufacturing method thereof | |
JP2006156417A (en) | Polymeric el element and manufacturing method of the same | |
JP2000260560A (en) | Organic electroluminescence element |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GB JP KR US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1996910097 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 08930230 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1996 531552 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1996910097 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1996910097 Country of ref document: EP |