WO1996041673A1 - Biological environmental air filter - Google Patents

Biological environmental air filter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996041673A1
WO1996041673A1 PCT/DE1996/001008 DE9601008W WO9641673A1 WO 1996041673 A1 WO1996041673 A1 WO 1996041673A1 DE 9601008 W DE9601008 W DE 9601008W WO 9641673 A1 WO9641673 A1 WO 9641673A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
room air
air filter
filter according
housing
biological
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/001008
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jörg Beyer
Jochen Prill
Original Assignee
Beyer Joerg
Jochen Prill
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19521239A external-priority patent/DE19521239A1/en
Priority claimed from DE29509532U external-priority patent/DE29509532U1/en
Application filed by Beyer Joerg, Jochen Prill filed Critical Beyer Joerg
Priority to EP96915983A priority Critical patent/EP0871538A1/en
Publication of WO1996041673A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996041673A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/175—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using biological materials, plants or microorganisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F2006/005—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification using plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/12—Details or features not otherwise provided for transportable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the contaminated indoor air is introduced into the filter material using a suitable fan.
  • the main pollutants that pollute the indoor air and damage health are: -non-respirable dusts and aerosols (particles below 5 ⁇ m)
  • the advantage of this system lies in the self-cleaning of the filter material by the soil bacteria, which break down the absorbed pollutants from the activated carbon surface.
  • the polluted room air is drawn in by the semi-radial fan 4. It passes through the ventilation grille 5 attached in the housing wall 1 and the behind it coarse dust pre-filter 6 in the lower housing part.
  • the fan pushes the air into the air distribution system 3, from where it passes through nozzles into the inner container 2, which contains the filter material 7.
  • the room air flows through the filter material and then exits the filter surface in a cleaned manner.
  • the cleaned room air absorbs water through the moist filter material.
  • the filter ensures adequate air humidification and thus a pleasant indoor climate, according to the recognized method of cold evaporation.
  • the housing cover 8 is mainly used for decorative purposes and to accommodate the controls. However, the controls can also be attached to the housing wall.
  • the system can be equipped with an automatic permanent irrigation, hydrometer, speed control, timer or air quality controller.
  • the inner container is flanged with a loose seal 13 on the outflow side of the fan. This makes it easy to disassemble the system.
  • the inner container is removable but is airtightly fastened in the housing.
  • the air distribution system consists of assembled and glued plastic ventilation duct elements with a rectangular cross-section.
  • the air distribution system is shown as a ring system. However, this can be variably adapted to every inner container shape.
  • On the underside of the air distribution system there are evenly distributed bores (i.e. nozzles) 15 of approx. 3 mm from which air can flow evenly into the filter material.
  • the holes are on the underside of the air distribution system to prevent irrigation water from entering.
  • the filter material consists of a mixture of open-pore clay granulate, approx. 20% activated carbon and approx. 5% garden compost. Since the open-pore clay granulate has a very high water storage capacity, there is no need for a water reservoir.
  • the introduced compost provides an additional enrichment with soil bacteria to break down the pollutants on the activated carbon.
  • the activated carbon used can consist of pellets (pressed pieces) or broken carbon (granules). The plants specially selected for this purpose are inserted into the filter material with bales of earth.
  • the shape and size of the housing as well as the individual design can be adapted to the spatial conditions and customer requirements.
  • the plant containers used as housings can be made of plastic, metal, stone or wood.
  • the design of the housing as a hexagon, as the sketches show, is only one exemplary embodiment which is mounted on rollers 10.
  • the ventilation grilles are embedded in sufficient numbers next to each other on the circumference of the housing wall.
  • the coarse dust pre-filters installed behind prevent premature compression of the filter material by particles.
  • the coarse dust pre-filters can be replaced with the removable ventilation grilles.
  • the semi-radial fan is dimensioned according to the filter size (i.e. volume, area and height of the filter material).
  • a filter surface load of max. Aimed at 250 m 3 / h per m 2 in order to achieve a laminar flow behavior in the filter material, which also guarantees optimal cleaning performance.
  • the fan must also be able to compensate for the pressure loss caused by the filter material.
  • the inner container contains the filter material and is made of a suitable plastic.
  • a tubular adapter piece 11 is installed in a watertight manner in the bottom of the inner container.
  • the adapter contains the corresponding nominal diameters and serves as a connection between the air distribution system in the inner container and the fan attached under the inner container.
  • the air distribution system fits exactly and is therefore watertightly attached to the adapter and can therefore be easily disassembled if necessary.
  • the semi-radial fan is attached to the center of the housing base with two holding brackets 9. There are rubber dampers 14 between the mounting bracket and the housing base so that vibrations are not transmitted.
  • the fan is movably mounted in the mounting axis.
  • the fan intake is located a few centimeters above the bottom of the housing.
  • the inner container is inserted in the bottom of the top planter in an airtight manner. Seals 12 are located between the individual planters.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic top view of a biological room air filter according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic side view in full section of the biological room air filter from FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic top view of the biological room air filter from FIG. 7 with the upper housing part removed (section A-A in FIG. 7).
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic, partially broken side view of a third embodiment of the biological room air filter according to the invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic side view in cross section of the biological room air filter from FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic side view in full section of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the biological room air filter comprises an upper housing part 1 1 and a lower housing part 2 '.
  • the upper housing part 1 ' is releasably attached to the lower housing part 2' and can be removed therefrom.
  • the lower housing part 2 ' comprises the air inlet openings 5 for air intake and a water tank 15 for permanent irrigation.
  • the upper housing part 1 ' includes the filter material 7, plants (not shown), the fan unit 4 and the air distribution system 3.
  • an electrical shaft 16 for receiving an electrical control unit for controlling the level in the water tank 15 and the moisture in Filter material 7 formed.
  • a water supply shaft 17 is also formed for filling the water tank 15.
  • the electrical shaft 16 has a panel 18 on which all operating and control devices for the functions of the room air filter are arranged.
  • the control unit is preferably designed to be automatic water supply.
  • the water supply shaft 17 is connected to the water tank 15 via a connecting line 20 and has a flap 19 in order to prevent any odors that may occur in the water tank 15.
  • a pump 21 is arranged in the water tank 15 and is automatically controlled by the electrical control unit in the electrical shaft 16 via moisture-measuring sensors in the filter material 7.
  • the pump 21 is connected to a hose system 22 (see also FIG. 6) and pumps water from the water tank 15 into the hose system 22.
  • the hose system 22 has drip points 23 through which the water can penetrate into the filter material 7.
  • the water tank 15 is preferably closed with a lid 25 (FIG. 8).
  • the filter material 7 preferably consists of several layers:
  • the filter material 7 can be inoculated with pollutant-degrading microorganisms.
  • the room air filter has a dry-running protection, such that the electrical or electronic control unit interrupts the power supply from the fan unit 4 and the pump 21 when the tank level falls below a certain level.
  • the lower housing part 2 is equipped with sound-insulating elements 24.
  • the fan unit 4 is attached directly below the upper housing part 1 'on the outflow side.
  • the air can initially be distributed evenly before it flows into the denser upper layers 7b to 7d.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 A further embodiment of the room air filter according to the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • the room air filter is designed here as a wall system with external air intake 27 and water supply 28.
  • the air intake 27 and the water supply 28 are arranged together with the fan unit 4 and the water tank 15 in an external housing 29 and have the corresponding supply lines 30 to the filter module 31.
  • several wall filter modules 31 can also be connected to one another with a supply line 30.
  • the air supply can also take place via ventilation devices already in the room (ceiling or wall suction).
  • the water tank 15 can also be designed as a bubble column 32 for decorative purposes.
  • a water tank 15 can thereby be dispensed with.
  • the wall filter modules 31 can have an integrated lighting unit 33.

Abstract

A biological environmental air filter comprises a housing in which an inner container with a filter material is releasably secured and a fan system which draws in the polluted environmental air, is in sealed connection with the inner container and takes the polluted air directly thereinto.

Description

Biologischer RaumluftiϊlterBiological room air filter
Bei dem vorliegenden Raumluftfiltersystem beziehen wir uns auf veröffentlichte Forschungsergebnisse der NASA sowie auf Anwendungsbeispiele von Biofiltern für Industrieabgase. Es wird versucht, den Filter durch Zuhilfenahme handelsüblicher Pflanzgefäße in die Innenraumgestaltung zu integrieren und eine einfache sowie preisgünstige Lösung anzubieten. Der hier beschriebene, bepflanzte Raumluftfilter beruht auf dem Stand der Technik, wobei festgestellt wurde, daß Pflanzen wachsen und Schadstoffe durch in ihrem Wurzelsystem befindliche Mikroorganismen abbauen können.In the present room air filter system, we refer to published research results from NASA as well as application examples of biofilters for industrial exhaust gases. An attempt is made to integrate the filter into the interior design using commercially available planters and to offer a simple and inexpensive solution. The planted room air filter described here is based on the prior art, it being found that plants can grow and pollutants can be broken down by microorganisms located in their root system.
Die belastete Innenraumluft wird mittels eines geeigneten Ventilators in das Filtermaterial eingeleitet.The contaminated indoor air is introduced into the filter material using a suitable fan.
Schadstoffe, die die Innenraumluft belasten und die Gesundheit schädigen sind vor allem: -lungengängige Stäube und Aerosole (Partikel unter 5 μm)The main pollutants that pollute the indoor air and damage health are: -non-respirable dusts and aerosols (particles below 5 μm)
-Pollen-Pollen
-Pentachlorphenol -polichlorierte Biphenyle-Pentachlorophenol -polichlorinated biphenyls
-Lösungsmittel-Solvent
-toxische Stoffe-toxic substances
-Ozon-Ozone
-Methan und Kohlendioxid aus der Atemluft -Benzol-Methane and carbon dioxide from the breathing air -Benzene
Es ist daher wünschenswert, einen bepflanzten Raumluftfilter, der die Konzentration von oben angegebenen Schadstoffen verringert, einzusetzen.It is therefore desirable to use a planted indoor air filter that reduces the concentration of the above-mentioned pollutants.
Der Vorteil dieses Systems liegt in der Selbstreinigung des Filtermaterials durch die Bodenbakterien, welche die absorbierten Schadstoffe von der Aktivkohlenfläche abbauen.The advantage of this system lies in the self-cleaning of the filter material by the soil bacteria, which break down the absorbed pollutants from the activated carbon surface.
Somit entfallen aufwendige Wartung und damit verbundene Kosten. Außer regelmäßiges Gießen benötigt der hier beschriebene Filter keine Pflege.This eliminates time-consuming maintenance and the associated costs. Except for regular watering, the filter described here requires no maintenance.
Die belastete Raumluft wird durch den Halbradialventilator 4 angesaugt. Sie gelangt durch die in der Gehäusewand 1 angebrachten Lüftungsgitter 5 und die dahinter befindlichen Grobstaub vorfilter 6 in den unteren Gehäuseteil. Der Ventilator drückt die Luft in das Lufverteilungssystem 3, von wo aus sie durch Düsen in den Innenbehälter 2 gelangt, welcher das Filtermaterial 7 beinhaltet. Die Raumluft strömt durch das Filtermaterial und tritt dann gereinigt an der Filteroberfläche aus.The polluted room air is drawn in by the semi-radial fan 4. It passes through the ventilation grille 5 attached in the housing wall 1 and the behind it coarse dust pre-filter 6 in the lower housing part. The fan pushes the air into the air distribution system 3, from where it passes through nozzles into the inner container 2, which contains the filter material 7. The room air flows through the filter material and then exits the filter surface in a cleaned manner.
Durch das feuchte Filtermaterial nimmt die gereinigte Raumluft Wasser auf. So sorgt der Filter, neben der Luftreinhaltung, für ausreichende Luftbefeuchtung und damit für ein angenehmes Raumklima, nach der anerkannten Methode der Kaltverdunstung.The cleaned room air absorbs water through the moist filter material. In addition to keeping the air clean, the filter ensures adequate air humidification and thus a pleasant indoor climate, according to the recognized method of cold evaporation.
Die Gehäuseabdeckung 8 dient hauptsächlich dekorativer Zwecke und zur Aufnahme der Bedienelemente. Die Bedienelemente können jedoch auch an der Gehäusewand angebracht sein. Wobei das System mit einer automatischen Dauerbewässerung, Hydrometer, Drehzahlregelung, Zeitschaltuhr oder Luftqualitätsregler ausgestattet sein kann.The housing cover 8 is mainly used for decorative purposes and to accommodate the controls. However, the controls can also be attached to the housing wall. The system can be equipped with an automatic permanent irrigation, hydrometer, speed control, timer or air quality controller.
Der Innenbehälter ist mit einer losen Dichtung 13 auf der Ausströmseite des Ventilators aufgeflanscht. Somit ist eine einfache Demontage des Systems möglich.The inner container is flanged with a loose seal 13 on the outflow side of the fan. This makes it easy to disassemble the system.
Wenn nur ein Pflanzbehälter mit ausreichender Bauhöhe als Gehäuse verwendet wird, ist der Innenbehälter herausnehmbar aber luftdicht im Gehäuse befestigt.If only a plant container with a sufficient overall height is used as the housing, the inner container is removable but is airtightly fastened in the housing.
Das Luftverteilungssystem besteht aus zusammengesteckten und miteinander verklebten Kunststofflüftungskanalelementen mit Rechteckquerschnitt.The air distribution system consists of assembled and glued plastic ventilation duct elements with a rectangular cross-section.
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Luftverteilungssystem als Ringsystem dargestellt. Dieses läßt sich jedoch variabel jeder Innenbehälterform anpassen. Auf der Unterseite des Luftverteilungssystem befinden sich, gleichmäßig verteilt, Bohrungen (sprich Düsen) 15 von ca. 3 mm aus denen Luft gleichmäßig in das Filtermaterial ausströmen kann. Die Bohrungen befinden sich auf der Unterseite des Luftverteilungssystems, um zu vermeiden, daß Gießwasser eindringt. Das Filtermaterial besteht aus einer Mischung von offenporigem Tongranulat, ca. 20 % Aktivkohle und ca. 5 % Gartenkompost. Da das offenporige Tongranulat über eine sehr hohe Wasserspeicherkapazität verfügt, kann gezielt auf ein Wasserreservoir verzichtet werden. Der eingebrachte Kompost sorgt für eine zusätzliche Anreicherung mit Bodenbakterien, um die Schadstoffe auf der Aktivkohle abzubauen. Die verwendete Aktivkohle kann aus Pellets (Preßstücken) oder Bruchkohle (Granulat) bestehen. Die für diesen Zweck speziell ausgewählten Pflanzen werden mit Erdballen in das Filtermaterial eingesetzt.In the exemplary embodiment, the air distribution system is shown as a ring system. However, this can be variably adapted to every inner container shape. On the underside of the air distribution system, there are evenly distributed bores (i.e. nozzles) 15 of approx. 3 mm from which air can flow evenly into the filter material. The holes are on the underside of the air distribution system to prevent irrigation water from entering. The filter material consists of a mixture of open-pore clay granulate, approx. 20% activated carbon and approx. 5% garden compost. Since the open-pore clay granulate has a very high water storage capacity, there is no need for a water reservoir. The introduced compost provides an additional enrichment with soil bacteria to break down the pollutants on the activated carbon. The activated carbon used can consist of pellets (pressed pieces) or broken carbon (granules). The plants specially selected for this purpose are inserted into the filter material with bales of earth.
Die Gehäuseform und -große sowie individuelle Gestaltung lassen sich den räumlichen Begebenheiten und Kundenwünschen anpassen. Die als Gehäuse eingesetzten Pflanzbehälter können aus Kunststoff, Metall, Stein oder Holz gefertigt sein. Die Ausfuhrung des Gehäuses als Sechseck, wie es die Skizzen zeigen, ist nur ein Ausführungsbeispiel, welches auf Laufrollen 10 montiert ist.The shape and size of the housing as well as the individual design can be adapted to the spatial conditions and customer requirements. The plant containers used as housings can be made of plastic, metal, stone or wood. The design of the housing as a hexagon, as the sketches show, is only one exemplary embodiment which is mounted on rollers 10.
Die Lüftungsgitter sind in ausreichender Anzahl nebeneinander am Umfang der Gehäusewand eingelassen. Die dahinter angebrachten Grobstaub vorfilter verhindern eine vorzeitige Verdichtung des Filtermaterials durch eingebrachte Partikel. Die Grobstaubvorfilter sind durch die herausnehmbaren Lüftungsgitter austauschbar.The ventilation grilles are embedded in sufficient numbers next to each other on the circumference of the housing wall. The coarse dust pre-filters installed behind prevent premature compression of the filter material by particles. The coarse dust pre-filters can be replaced with the removable ventilation grilles.
Der Halbradialventilator wird jeweils nach der Filtergröße (sprich Volumen, Fläche und Höhe des Filtermaterials) dimensioniert.The semi-radial fan is dimensioned according to the filter size (i.e. volume, area and height of the filter material).
Es wird eine Filterflächenbelastung von max. 250 m3/h pro m2 angestrebt, um ein laminares Strömungsverhalten im Filtermaterial zu erreichen, welches zudem eine optimale Reinigungsleistung garantiert.A filter surface load of max. Aimed at 250 m 3 / h per m 2 in order to achieve a laminar flow behavior in the filter material, which also guarantees optimal cleaning performance.
Der Ventilator muß zudem in der Lage sein, den durch das Filtermaterial auftretenden Druckverlust auszugleichen.The fan must also be able to compensate for the pressure loss caused by the filter material.
Der Innenbehälter beinhaltet das Filtermaterial und besteht aus einem geeigneten Kunststoff. Im Boden des Innenbehälters ist ein rohrformiges Adapterstück 11 wasserdicht eingebaut. Der Adapter beinhaltet die entsprechenden Nenndurchmesser und dient als Verbindung zwischen den im Innenbehälter befindlichen Luftverteilungssystem und dem unter dem Innenbehälter angebrachten Ventilator.The inner container contains the filter material and is made of a suitable plastic. A tubular adapter piece 11 is installed in a watertight manner in the bottom of the inner container. The adapter contains the corresponding nominal diameters and serves as a connection between the air distribution system in the inner container and the fan attached under the inner container.
Das Luftverteilungssystem ist genau passend und damit wasserdicht auf den Adapter aufgesteckt und kann somit im Bedarfsfall leicht demontiert werden. Der Halbradialventilator ist mit zwei Haltewinkeln 9 mittig auf dem Gehäuseboden befestigt. Zwischen Haltewinkel und Gehäuseboden befinden sich Gummidämpfer 14, damit Schwingungen nicht übertragen werden. Der Ventilator ist in der Befestigungsachse beweglich gelagert. Die Ansaugöffriung des Ventilators befindet sich wenige Zentimeter über dem Gehäuseboden.The air distribution system fits exactly and is therefore watertightly attached to the adapter and can therefore be easily disassembled if necessary. The semi-radial fan is attached to the center of the housing base with two holding brackets 9. There are rubber dampers 14 between the mounting bracket and the housing base so that vibrations are not transmitted. The fan is movably mounted in the mounting axis. The fan intake is located a few centimeters above the bottom of the housing.
Bei modularem Gehäuseaufbau, das heißt, bei der Verwendung mehrerer stapelbarer Pflanzbehälter, ist der Innenbehälter im Boden des obersten Pflanzbehälters luftdicht eingefugt. Zwischen den einzelnen Pflanzbehältern befinden sich Dichtungen 12.In the case of a modular housing, that is to say when several stackable planters are used, the inner container is inserted in the bottom of the top planter in an airtight manner. Seals 12 are located between the individual planters.
Die vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsform ist in den Figuren 1-5 dargestellt. Alternative Ausführungsformen werden anhand der Figuren 6-10 näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:The embodiment described above is shown in Figures 1-5. Alternative embodiments are described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 6-10. Show it:
Fig. 6 eine schematische Draufsicht eines biologischen Raumluftfilters gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;6 shows a schematic top view of a biological room air filter according to a second embodiment;
Fig. 7 eine schematische Seitenansicht im VoUschnitt des biologischen Raumluftfilters aus Fig. 6;FIG. 7 shows a schematic side view in full section of the biological room air filter from FIG. 6;
Fig. 8 eine schematische Draufsicht auf den biologischen Raumluftfilter aus Fig. 7 bei abgenommenem Gehäuseoberteil (Schnitt A-A in Fig. 7).8 shows a schematic top view of the biological room air filter from FIG. 7 with the upper housing part removed (section A-A in FIG. 7).
Fig. 9 eine schematische, teilweise aufgebrochene Seitenansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen biologischen Raumluftfilters;9 shows a schematic, partially broken side view of a third embodiment of the biological room air filter according to the invention;
Fig. 10 eine schematische Seitenansicht im Querschnitt des biologischen Raumluftfilters aus Fig. 9.10 shows a schematic side view in cross section of the biological room air filter from FIG. 9.
In Fig. 7 ist eine schematische Seitenansicht im Vollschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung dargestellt. Der biologische Raurnluftfilter umfaßt ein Gehäuseoberteil l 1 und ein Gehäuseunterteil 2'. Das Gehäuseoberteil 1 ' ist auf dem Gehäuseunterteil 2' lösbar befestigt und kann von diesem abgenommen werden. Das Gehäuseunterteil 2' umfaßt die Lufteintrittsöffhungen 5 zur Luftansaugung und einen Wassertank 15 zur Dauerbewässerung. Das Gehäuseoberteil 1 ' umfaßt das Filtermaterial 7, Pflanzen (nicht dargestellt), die Ventilatoreinheit 4 sowie das Luftverteilungssystem 3. Darüber hinaus ist in dem Gehäuseoberteil 1 ' ein Elektroschacht 16 zur Aufnahme einer elektrischen Steuereinheit zur Steuerung des Füllstandes im Wassertank 15 und der Feuchtigkeit im Filtermaterial 7 ausgebildet. Zur Befüllung des Wassertanks 15 ist zudem auch ein Wasserversorgungsschacht 17 ausgebildet.FIG. 7 shows a schematic side view in full section of a second embodiment of the present invention. The biological room air filter comprises an upper housing part 1 1 and a lower housing part 2 '. The upper housing part 1 'is releasably attached to the lower housing part 2' and can be removed therefrom. The lower housing part 2 'comprises the air inlet openings 5 for air intake and a water tank 15 for permanent irrigation. The upper housing part 1 'includes the filter material 7, plants (not shown), the fan unit 4 and the air distribution system 3. In addition, in the upper housing part 1' is an electrical shaft 16 for receiving an electrical control unit for controlling the level in the water tank 15 and the moisture in Filter material 7 formed. A water supply shaft 17 is also formed for filling the water tank 15.
Der Elektroschacht 16 weist eine Blende 18 auf, auf der alle Bedien- und Kontrollvorrichtungen für die Funktionen des Raumluftfilters angeordnet sind. Vorzugsweise ist die Steuereinheit selbstregelnd zur automatischen Wasserversorgung ausgebildet.The electrical shaft 16 has a panel 18 on which all operating and control devices for the functions of the room air filter are arranged. The control unit is preferably designed to be automatic water supply.
Der Wasserversorgungsschacht 17 ist über eine Verbindungsleitung 20 mit dem Wassertank 15 verbunden und weist eine Klappe 19 auf, um das Austreten eventuell auftretender Gerüche im Wassertank 15 zu vermeiden. Im Wassertank 15 ist eine Pumpe 21 angeordnet, die über feuchtigkeitsmessende Sensoren im Filtermaterial 7 von der elektrischen Steuereinheit im Elektroschacht 16 automatisch gesteuert wird. Die Pumpe 21 ist an ein Schlauchsystem 22 angeschlossen (siehe auch Fig. 6) und pumpt aus dem Wassertank 15 Wasser in das Schlauchsystem 22. Das Schlauchsystem 22 hat Tropfstellen 23, durch die das Wasser in das Filtermaterial 7 eindringen kann. Vorzugsweise ist der Wassertank 15 mit einem Deckel 25 verschlossen (Fig. 8).The water supply shaft 17 is connected to the water tank 15 via a connecting line 20 and has a flap 19 in order to prevent any odors that may occur in the water tank 15. A pump 21 is arranged in the water tank 15 and is automatically controlled by the electrical control unit in the electrical shaft 16 via moisture-measuring sensors in the filter material 7. The pump 21 is connected to a hose system 22 (see also FIG. 6) and pumps water from the water tank 15 into the hose system 22. The hose system 22 has drip points 23 through which the water can penetrate into the filter material 7. The water tank 15 is preferably closed with a lid 25 (FIG. 8).
Das Filtermaterial 7 besteht vorzugsweise aus mehreren Schichten:The filter material 7 preferably consists of several layers:
- Schicht 7a aus grobkörnigem Blähton (z. B. Hydrogranulat) in der das Luftverteilungssystem 3 eingebettet ist, mit hoher Luftwegigkeit; - Schicht 7b aus Aktivkohlegranulat;- Layer 7a of coarse-grained expanded clay (e.g. hydrogranulate) in which the air distribution system 3 is embedded, with high air mobility; - Layer 7b made of activated carbon granules;
- Schicht 7c aus einer Mischung aus offenporigem Tongranulat mit hohem Wasserspeichervermögen und Aktivkohlegranulat;- Layer 7c of a mixture of open-pore clay granules with high water storage capacity and activated carbon granules;
- Schicht 7d aus Glas oder Steinwolle oder einem Material mit ähnlichen technischen Eigenschaften, die verhindert, daß lebensfähige Keime (z. B. Pilzsporen) in die Raumluft gelangen, da diese durch die in der durchlüfteten Wolle auftretenden Scherkräfte abgetötet werden. Darüber hinaus kann das Filtermaterial 7 mit schadstoffabbauenden Mikroorganismen geimpft sein. In der hier beschriebenen zweiten Ausführungsform weist der Raumluftfϊlter einen Trockenlaufschutz auf, derart, daß die elektrische bzw. elektronische Steuerung bei Unterschreiten eines bestimmten Tankfüllstandes die Stromversorgung von der Ventilatoreinheit 4 und der Pumpe 21 unterbricht.- Layer 7d made of glass or rock wool or a material with similar technical properties, which prevents viable germs (e.g. fungal spores) from getting into the room air, since these are killed off by the shear forces occurring in the aerated wool. In addition, the filter material 7 can be inoculated with pollutant-degrading microorganisms. In the second embodiment described here, the room air filter has a dry-running protection, such that the electrical or electronic control unit interrupts the power supply from the fan unit 4 and the pump 21 when the tank level falls below a certain level.
Das Gehäuseunterteil 2 ist mit schallisolierenden Elementen 24 ausgestattet.The lower housing part 2 is equipped with sound-insulating elements 24.
Die Ventilatoreinheit 4 ist direkt unter dem Gehäuseoberteil 1 ' ausströmseitig angebracht. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform, die nicht weiter dargestellt ist, ist es denkbar, gänzlich auf ein Luftverteilungssystem 3 zu verzichten und die Raumluft über ein offenes Rohr (nicht dargestellt), das mit einer entsprechenden Abdeckung versehen ist, direkt in die erste Schutzschicht 7a mit hoher Luftwegigkeit einzuleiten. In dieser Schutzschicht 7a kann sich die Luft zunächst gleichmäßig verteilen, bevor sie in die dichteren oberen Schichten 7b bis 7d einströmt.The fan unit 4 is attached directly below the upper housing part 1 'on the outflow side. In an alternative embodiment, which is not shown further, it is conceivable to dispense entirely with an air distribution system 3 and to direct the room air directly into the first protective layer 7a via an open pipe (not shown) which is provided with a corresponding cover Initiate airway. In this protective layer 7a, the air can initially be distributed evenly before it flows into the denser upper layers 7b to 7d.
In Fig. 9 und Fig. 10 ist schematisch eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Raumluftfilters dargestellt. Der Raumluftfilter ist hier als Wandsystem mit externer Luftansaugung 27 und Wasserversorgung 28 ausgeführt. Die Luftansaugung 27 und die Wasserversorgung 28 sind zusammen mit der Ventilatoreinheit 4 und dem Wassertank 15 in einem externen Gehäuse 29 angeordnet und weisen die entsprechenden Versorgungsleitungen 30 zum Filtermodul 31 auf.A further embodiment of the room air filter according to the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 9 and 10. The room air filter is designed here as a wall system with external air intake 27 and water supply 28. The air intake 27 and the water supply 28 are arranged together with the fan unit 4 and the water tank 15 in an external housing 29 and have the corresponding supply lines 30 to the filter module 31.
Vorzugsweise können auch mehre Wandfiltermodule 31 mit einer Versorgungsleitung 30 untereinander verbunden werden.Preferably, several wall filter modules 31 can also be connected to one another with a supply line 30.
Zudem kann die Luftzuführung auch über schon im Raum befindliche Belüftungs Vorrichtungen (Decken- oder Wandabsaugung) erfolgen. Der Wassertank 15 kann in dieser Ausführungsform zu dekorativen Zwecken auch als Sprudelsäule 32 ausgebildet sein.In addition, the air supply can also take place via ventilation devices already in the room (ceiling or wall suction). In this embodiment, the water tank 15 can also be designed as a bubble column 32 for decorative purposes.
Die Wasserversorgung kann in dieser Ausführungsform in Verbindung mit geeigneten Vorrichtungen, die aus dem Stand der Technik allgemein bekannt sind und hier nicht näher beschrieben werden müssen, direkt über die - / -In this embodiment, the water supply in connection with suitable devices which are generally known from the prior art and need not be described in more detail directly here - / -
Hausdruckwasserleitung erfolgen. Dadurch kann auf einen Wassertank 15 verzichtet werden.House pressure water pipe. A water tank 15 can thereby be dispensed with.
Die Wandfiltermodule 31 können über eine integrierte Beleuchtungseinheit 33 verfügen. The wall filter modules 31 can have an integrated lighting unit 33.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Biologischer Raumluftfilter, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse (1), welches zur Aufnahme des Innenbehälters (2) und dem darin befindlichen1. Biological room air filter, consisting of a housing (1), which holds the inner container (2) and the one inside
Luftverteilungssystem (3) sowie dem bepflanzten Filtermaterial (7), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Innenbehälter (2) luftdicht im Gehäuse (1) eingefügt ist und im Boden des Innenbehälters ein rohrfömiges Adaperstück (11), welches zur Verbindung von Luftverteilungssystem und Ventilator (4) dient, wasserdicht eingebaut ist.Air distribution system (3) and the planted filter material (7), characterized in that the inner container (2) is inserted airtight in the housing (1) and in the bottom of the inner container a tubular adapter piece (11) which is used to connect the air distribution system and fan (4 ) is installed, waterproof.
2. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Gehäusewand Lüftungsgitter (5) in ausreichender Anzahl eingelassen sind.2. Biological room air filter according to claim 1, characterized in that ventilation grilles (5) are let in in sufficient numbers in the housing wall.
3. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß hinter den herausnehmbaren Lüftungsgittern (5) austauschbare Grobstaubvorfilter (6) angebracht sind.3. Biological room air filter according to claim 1-2, characterized in that exchangeable coarse dust pre-filters (6) are attached behind the removable ventilation grilles (5).
4. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ventilator (4) mit Gummidämpfern (14) und Haltewinkeln (9) auf dem Gehäuseboden befestigt ist und der Innenbehälter (2) mit einer losen Dichtung (13) auf dem Ventilator aufgesetzt wird.4. Biological room air filter according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the fan (4) with rubber dampers (14) and brackets (9) is attached to the housing base and the inner container (2) with a loose seal (13) on the fan is put on.
5. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftverteilungssystem (3) aus Kunststofflüftungskanalelementen, welche auf der Unterseite Düsen (15) aufweisen, besteht.5. Biological room air filter according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the air distribution system (3) consists of plastic ventilation duct elements which have nozzles (15) on the underside.
6. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Filtermaterial (7) aus einer Mischung aus offenporigem Tongranulat, ca. 20 % Aktivkohle und ca. 5 % Gartenkompost besteht und eine so hohe Wasseraufnahmekapazität hat um auf ein Wasserbad zu verzichten und im Gegensatz zur Hydrokultur ermöglicht Pflanzen mit Erdballen, welcher wie der Kompost Träger der wichtigen Mikroorganismen ist, einzusetzen.6. Biological room air filter according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the filter material (7) consists of a mixture of open-pore clay granules, about 20% activated carbon and about 5% garden compost and has such a high water absorption capacity to dispense with a water bath and in In contrast to hydroponics, plants with earth bales, which like the compost are carriers of the important microorganisms, can be used.
7. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei modularem Gehäuseaufbau sich zwischen den einzelnen Behältern Dichtungen (12) befinden.7. Biological room air filter according to claims 1-6, characterized in that there are seals (12) between the individual containers in the case of a modular housing construction.
8. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse sowohl aus Kunststoff, Metall, Stein oder Holz gefertigt ist.8. Biological room air filter according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the housing is made of plastic, metal, stone or wood.
9. Biologischer Raumluftfilter nach Anspruch 1-8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Filtersystem mit/ohne und/oder automatischer Dauerbewässerung, Hydrometer, Drehzahlregelung, Zeitschaltuhr, Luftqualitätsregler, Pflanzenbeleuchtung, Laufrollen, Gehäuseabdeckung ausgestattet ist. 9. Biological room air filter according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the filter system is equipped with / without and / or automatic permanent irrigation, hydrometer, speed control, timer, air quality controller, plant lighting, rollers, housing cover.
PCT/DE1996/001008 1995-06-10 1996-06-08 Biological environmental air filter WO1996041673A1 (en)

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Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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DE19521239A DE19521239A1 (en) 1995-06-10 1995-06-10 Biological room filter with plant container in air-tight fitting
DE29509532U DE29509532U1 (en) 1995-06-10 1995-06-10 Biological room air filter (bioactive plant filter)
DE29509532.6 1995-06-10
DE19521239.8 1995-06-10

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EP1845316A2 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-17 Geobra Brandstätter GmbH & Co. KG Gas treatment device
WO2008031606A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Thomas Rotter Purification module for purifying and moistening air
CN100408150C (en) * 2006-02-06 2008-08-06 顾建 Improved deodourization device of soil
GB2481858A (en) * 2010-07-09 2012-01-11 Paul Thomas Air cleaning system utilizing vegetation roots
CN104923007A (en) * 2014-04-21 2015-09-23 南京林业大学 Environment-friendly air purification device
WO2018202405A1 (en) * 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A plant growing cabinet in which turf humidity is controlled
CN111066526A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-04-28 苏州帝瀚环保科技股份有限公司 Supply seat of flowerpot capable of purifying air

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6638338B2 (en) * 2000-12-29 2003-10-28 Jorgen Logstrup Biological filter system and a housing for a biological filter system
CN100408150C (en) * 2006-02-06 2008-08-06 顾建 Improved deodourization device of soil
EP1845316A2 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-17 Geobra Brandstätter GmbH & Co. KG Gas treatment device
EP1845316A3 (en) * 2006-04-13 2009-06-17 Geobra Brandstätter GmbH & Co. KG Gas treatment device
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WO2018202405A1 (en) * 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A plant growing cabinet in which turf humidity is controlled
CN111066526A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-04-28 苏州帝瀚环保科技股份有限公司 Supply seat of flowerpot capable of purifying air

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