WO1997008353A1 - Alliage a base de metal du groupe des terres rares/nickel absorbant l'hydrogene, son procede de fabrication et electrode negative pour batterie secondaire au nickel/hydrogene. - Google Patents
Alliage a base de metal du groupe des terres rares/nickel absorbant l'hydrogene, son procede de fabrication et electrode negative pour batterie secondaire au nickel/hydrogene. Download PDFInfo
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- WO1997008353A1 WO1997008353A1 PCT/JP1996/002400 JP9602400W WO9708353A1 WO 1997008353 A1 WO1997008353 A1 WO 1997008353A1 JP 9602400 W JP9602400 W JP 9602400W WO 9708353 A1 WO9708353 A1 WO 9708353A1
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- nickel
- alloy
- negative electrode
- rare earth
- hydrogen storage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/242—Hydrogen storage electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/383—Hydrogen absorbing alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a rare earth metal 12-gel type hydrogen storage alloy which has a high capacity and a long life by using it for a negative electrode material of a hydrogen storage container, a heat pump, and a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, and a method for producing the same. And a negative electrode for a nickel hydrogen secondary battery.
- Negative alloys for nickel-hydrogen rechargeable batteries which are currently being produced in large quantities, include light rare earth elements such as La, Ce, Pr, Nd or their mixed elements, and Mm (mish metal).
- the a site, n i, C o, M n is used in the AB 5 type alloys mainly with a 1 or the like to the B site.
- This alloy has a feature that it has a large hydrogen storage capacity as compared with other alloys, and has a hydrogen absorption and desorption pressure at room temperature of 1 to 5 atm and is easy to use.
- the rare earth metals of the conventional AB 5 type structure - nickel alloy has a low initial activity during hydrogen occlusion, 1 in order to obtain a 0 0% hydrogen storage capacity, initial absorption and release several times to several tens times hydrogen Must be done.
- this alloy has the disadvantage that the alloy expands and contracts due to the absorption and release of hydrogen, causing cracking and pulverization, deteriorating the battery characteristics.
- an electrode with a higher battery capacity has been desired, and in order to increase the battery capacity, an alloy having a composition in which the content of a transition metal mainly composed of nickel with respect to a rare earth metal has been reduced has been developed. ing.
- Hei 6-145,851 discloses that a molten alloy mainly composed of La and Ni and having an atomic ratio of Ni to La of 4.9 or less is rapidly solidified. As a result, the length of the alloy crystal in the minor axis direction obtained was less than ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- a hydrogen storage alloy in which crystal grains are refined is described. It is also described that the use of this hydrogen storage alloy can improve the battery capacity and battery life of a nickel-metal hydride secondary battery.
- this hydrogen storage alloy has the effect of making the crystal grains finer, it is expected from theoretical values, despite the fact that Ni is reduced from the La Ni 5 composition and the composition is rare earth rich. There is a problem that the battery capacity cannot be increased. The reason for this is considered to be that La has a particularly strong affinity for hydrogen among rare earth elements, and the La hydrogen composition has trapped hydrogen trapped, reducing the real capacity involved in hydrogen storage and release. .
- the publication discloses that part of La can be replaced with a rare earth element other than La, but does not disclose specific elements or their effects. As described above, it is desired that a rare earth metal-nickel-based hydrogen storage alloy used as a negative electrode material of a conventional nickel-metal hydride secondary battery has a higher capacity and a longer life.
- a method of producing a rare earth metal-containing alloy a method of supplying a molten metal of a rare earth metal-containing alloy to a roll surface using a roll forming apparatus equipped with a single roll or a twin roll, controlling a cooling rate, and rapidly solidifying the alloy. It has been known.
- the surface roughness of a generally used mouth mill the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the surface irregularities in the production of an amorphous material is several ⁇ m or less. They are used only in the state of being close to a mirror surface.
- An object of the present invention is to simultaneously improve all of the initial activity, battery capacity and life as compared with a hydrogen storage alloy, particularly a rare earth metal-nickel-based hydrogen storage alloy that can be used as a negative electrode material for conventional nickel-metal hydride secondary batteries. And a method for producing the same.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a high initial activation, high battery capacity and long battery life.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a negative electrode for a nickel hydrogen secondary battery, which has all of them at the same time.
- the present inventor has determined that an alloy having a composition in which the content of a transition metal containing nickel as a main component is smaller than that of a rare earth metal (hereinafter referred to as “R-rich composition”) is compared with an AB type 5 alloy in terms of hydrogen storage capacity.
- R-rich composition a rare earth metal
- the presence of a specific amount of crystals having a specific distribution of antiphase boundaries in an R-rich alloy increases the initial activity for absorbing and releasing hydrogen. It has been found that the boundary also has a positive effect on the function of preventing micronization due to hydrogen absorption and release. It is considered that the existence of such an antiphase boundary has a favorable effect on the hydrogen storage capacity because rare earth elements are arranged facing the antiphase boundary and hydrogen can easily move through this boundary.
- the anti-phase boundary has a high concentration of rare earth elements, so that the anti-corrosion resistance to the electrolytic solution is inferior, and in view of the disadvantage of battery life, the A-site
- substituted element L By replacing some of the light rare earth elements used with specific elements containing heavy rare earth elements (hereinafter referred to as “substituting element L”) and placing a large amount of the replacing element L at the antiphase boundary, the battery life is shortened. Improvements have also been achieved.
- an alloy exhibiting a La Ni 5 type single-phase structure crystal having a specific antiphase boundary can be used to convert a molten alloy with a specific composition into a roll with a specific surface roughness and a specific cooling condition. And obtained by forming to a specific thickness.
- R represents La, Ce, Pr, Nd or a mixed element thereof
- L represents Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, L u, Y, Sc, Mg, Ca, or a mixture thereof
- M is Co, Al, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zr, Ti, Mo, Si, V, C Indicates r, Nb, Hf, Ta, W, B, C, or a mixture thereof 0.01 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, 4.5 ⁇ Z ⁇ 5.
- composition a the crystal in the alloy is L a N i 5 single-phase structure, and a C-axis of the crystal grains in the alloy Contains at least 10% by volume and less than 95% by volume of crystals containing 2 or more and less than 20 perpendicular antiphase boundaries per 20 nm in the C-axis direction, and is represented by L in the formula (1).
- Rare earth metal-nickel-based hydrogen storage alloy hereinafter referred to as the “absolute element” in which 60% or more and less than 95% of the added amount of Referred to as elementary storage alloy B) it is provided.
- the roll surface roughness is determined by the above formula (1) using a roll forming apparatus having a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the roll surface of 30 to 150 / m.
- Rz ten-point average roughness
- the alloy melt of composition A is expressed as follows.
- a method for producing a hydrogen storage alloy B including a step of heating for up to 12 hours.
- a negative electrode for a nickel-metal hydride secondary battery comprising a hydrogen storage alloy B and a conductive agent as negative electrode materials.
- FIG. 1 is a high-resolution transmission electron micrograph for measuring the abundance of antiphase boundaries contained in the crystal grains of the strip-shaped alloy prepared in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a high-resolution transmission electron micrograph for measuring the abundance ratio of crystal grains having an antiphase boundary in the band-shaped alloy prepared in Example 1.
- the hydrogen storage alloy B of the present invention has a composition A represented by the above formula (1), the crystal in the alloy has a La Ni 5 type single phase structure, and has a C axis of crystal grains in the alloy. Contains 10 vol% or more and less than 95 vol% of crystals that contain 2 or more and less than 20 perpendicular antiphase boundaries per 20 nm in the C-axis direction. It is a rare earth metal-nickel-based hydrogen storage alloy in which 60% or more and less than 95% of the indicated elements are arranged. The initial activity is reduced when the content of the crystal containing at least 2 and less than 20 crystals per 20 nm in the C-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the C axis of the crystal grains, is less than 10% by volume. .
- the substitution element L is less than 60% in the antiphase region, the obtained alloy has insufficient corrosion resistance and is disadvantageous in terms of battery life.On the other hand, if it exceeds 95%, the hydrogen storage capacity is poor. descend.
- the fact that the crystal structure of the hydrogen storage alloy B is a La Ni 5 type single phase structure can be identified by, for example, preparing and analyzing a powder X-ray diffraction diagram using a normal X-ray diffraction apparatus.
- an electron beam was incident from the [100] axis of the alloy crystal grains using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope with an accelerating voltage of 200 kV or more. This can be done by taking a high-resolution image of the surface and measuring the number of anti-phase boundaries per unit length in the C-axis direction ([00 1] direction).
- the abundance was measured by using a transmission electron microscope with an accelerating voltage of 200 kV or more and taking a transmission electron microscope image of the (100) plane of the crystal grain at a magnification of 10,000 to 50,000 times, This can be achieved by measuring the area ratio of the crystal containing the phase boundary.
- the abundance of the substituted element L substituted in the opposite phase region can be obtained by analyzing the composition of the opposite phase region at a beam diameter of 4 nm using an EDX analyzer of a field emission / resolution transmission electron microscope.
- R can be selected from one or more of the rare earth metals of La, Ce, Pr, and Nd.
- the content ratio of each element is preferably La 20 to 60 atomic%, Ce 0 to 60 atomic%, Pr 0 to 50 atomic%, Nd 0 to 50 atomic%. It can be appropriately selected so as to be atomic%.
- misch metal may be used as a raw material.
- the substitution element L for substituting the rare earth metal in R is preferably an element having an atomic radius j: approximation to the rare earth metal, and is arranged by substituting the rare earth metal at the site.
- the substitution element L is Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu of heavy rare earth metals, and Y, Sc, Mg, and Ca as other metals. Choose from. Actually, in the hydrogen storage alloy B, the substitution element L may be one type or a mixture of two or more types. Of these, simply It is preferable to use an element having a large hydrogen storage amount in Germany. In the hydrogen storage alloy B of the present invention, these substitution elements L are not present alone and are used as substitution elements for the rare earth metal R because the hydrogen release temperature of the hydrogen storage temperature is high even when the hydrogen storage amount is large by itself. This is because of the drawbacks such as rising and pulverization due to hydrogen storage.
- such a defect is complemented by being present by being replaced with the rare metal R, and an alloy exhibiting a favorable action by antiphase boundary precipitation can be obtained.
- the compounding ratio (X in the formula) of such a substitution element L is 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.1, preferably 0.05 ⁇ X ⁇ 0.09.
- the metal related to M may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds. Combinations of two or more metals can be made appropriately based on the properties of each metal.
- Co has a function of expanding the crystal lattice to lower the equilibrium hydrogen pressure, and a function of preventing micronization and improving the life.
- the compounding ratio is represented by y in the formula, that is, the atomic ratio of M when (N i + M) is 1 (the same applies to the following elements), and is preferably from 0.01 to 0.3 atom. Ratio, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.2 atomic ratio.
- a 1 has the effect of expanding the crystal lattice to lower the equilibrium hydrogen pressure and the effect of increasing the hydrogen storage capacity.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.3 to 0.3 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.05 to 0.1 atomic ratio.
- Mn has the effect of expanding the crystal lattice to lower the equilibrium hydrogen pressure and the effect of increasing the hydrogen storage capacity.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.3 to 0.3 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.05 to 0.2 atomic ratio.
- Fe has the effect of activating the alloy surface and increasing the rate of hydrogen absorption and release.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.03 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.02 atomic ratio.
- Cu has the effect of expanding the crystal lattice and lowering the equilibrium hydrogen pressure.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.01 to 0.3 atomic ratio, and particularly preferably from G to 0.2 to 0.2 atomic ratio.
- Zr has an effect of improving the hysteresis characteristics of the PCT curve (hydrogen dissociation pressure-composition isotherm) and an effect of improving the life by preventing precipitation at the grain boundaries to prevent cracking.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.1 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.03 atomic ratio.
- T i has the effect of improving the hysteresis characteristics of the PCT curve.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.1 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.03 atomic ratio.
- Mo has the effect of increasing the activity and increasing the rate of hydrogen absorption and release.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.05 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.02 atomic ratio.
- S i has the effect of lowering the equilibrium hydrogen pressure.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.01 to 0.25 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.05 atomic ratio.
- V has the effect of facilitating the generation of antiphase boundaries.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.01 to 0.2 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.05 atomic ratio.
- Cr has a crack preventing action.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.01 to 0.2 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.03 to 0.1 atomic ratio.
- Nb has a crack preventing action.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.01 to 0.05 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.04 atomic ratio.
- H f has the effect of improving the hysteresis characteristics.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.05 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.03 atomic ratio.
- Ta has an effect of improving hysteresis characteristics.
- the compounding amount is preferably from 0.01 to 0.05 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.02 to 0.03 atomic ratio.
- W has the effect of increasing the activity and increasing the rate of hydrogen absorption and release.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.05 atomic ratio, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.03 atomic ratio.
- B is the activity Has the effect of increasing the rate of hydrogen absorption and release.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.03 atomic ratio, and particularly preferably 0.010.02 atomic ratio.
- C has the effect of increasing the rate of hydrogen absorption and release.
- the compounding amount is preferably not more than 0.03 atomic ratio, and particularly preferably 0.010.02 atomic ratio.
- the hydrogen storage alloy B of the present invention may contain impurities that are inevitably contained in the raw materials of the composition A or during the production of the hydrogen storage alloy B.
- composition A represented by the formula (1) preferably include the following alloy compositions.
- the degree of supercooling is a value of (melting point of alloy) -one (actual temperature of alloy melt below melting point). More specifically, “supercooling” means that when the alloy melt is cooled and reaches the melting point of the alloy, solidification does not actually occur, and the temperature further decreases, and when the temperature reaches the nucleation temperature, the alloy melts. A phenomenon in which a fine solid phase, that is, a crystal is formed in a substance and solidification occurs for the first time. Such supercooling control can be performed, for example, by controlling the temperature of the alloy melt prepared using a crucible or the like and appropriately adjusting the time and speed of leading to a single roll for solidification. .
- the roll forming device is a device provided with a single roll or a double roll of an internal water cooling type or the like, and cooling and solidifying an alloy melt on the roll surface.
- the surface roughness of the roll is defined by ten-point average roughness (Rz).
- Rz ten-point average roughness
- the alloy melt is cooled and solidified using a needle having a surface roughness in the range of 3 ⁇ 4S 30-150 / im, preferably 60-120 m.
- This 10-point average roughness (2) is: 1 3 B 0 6 0 1-1 9 94
- the highest peak measured in the direction of the vertical magnification was 5 This is the sum of the absolute value of the absolute value of the altitude of the peak to the eye and the absolute value of the altitude of the valley bottom from the lowest valley to the fifth, and is a commercially available digital form compliant with the same JIS. It can be measured using a stylus-type surface roughness measuring instrument. In order to impart such a surface roughness to the roll, a method of selecting the type of abrasive grains and the particle size (counter number) of a grinder used for polishing and finishing a roll, a disc, or the like, and performing polishing. Alternatively, it can be obtained by a method of subjecting the roll surface to unevenness processing by shot blasting, sand blasting or the like.
- the above-mentioned specific anti-phase boundary in the hydrogen storage alloy of the present invention is determined by the conditions specified in the production method of the present invention such as specific cooling conditions.
- the mechanism obtained is not fully understood, but when the ten-point average roughness (Rz), which indicates the roll surface roughness, is less than 30 ⁇ , the number of crystal nuclei generated was small, and the result was obtained.
- the alloy structure has a two-phase structure of La Ni 5 type crystal grains and Ce 2 Ni 7 type crystal grains, and a La Ni 5 type single phase structure cannot usually be obtained.
- the ten-point average roughness (Rz) is more than 150 / im, the solidified alloy flakes have poor peelability from the roll, making it impossible to produce an alloy substantially.
- the production of the hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention is not limited to the production method using the roll forming apparatus according to the present invention, but may be controlled, for example, to the same surface roughness as the surface roughness. It can be considered that the alloy melt of the composition A can be obtained by cooling the alloy melt of the composition A to a specific uniform thickness under the cooling conditions by using the disc manufacturing apparatus or the like.
- the melting of the raw material metal mixture includes, for example, Vacuum melting, high-frequency melting, or the like, preferably using a crucible or the like, can be performed under an inert gas atmosphere or the like.
- the cooling by the degree of supercooling and the cooling rate is, for example, by supplying an alloy melt onto a single roll or a twin roll of the roll forming apparatus having the surface roughness, preferably continuously,
- the cooling may be performed so that the thickness of the obtained master alloy is in the range of 0.0 :! to 2.0 mm.
- a grinder or the like for forming the predetermined surface roughness is installed at a desired position on the roll surface of the orifice forming apparatus so as to contact the roll surface. If the roughness can be maintained, the target alloy can be obtained continuously, which is very advantageous industrially.
- the alloy obtained by uniformly solidifying to a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm under the above-mentioned cooling conditions using the roll having the specific surface roughness is subjected to a vacuum.
- Heat in a medium or inert atmosphere at a temperature of 800-1000 ° C, preferably 850-950 ° C, for 0.1-12 hours, preferably 4-8 hours. This makes it possible to obtain a desired arrangement of the antiphase boundary, reduce lattice strain, and increase the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy.
- the alloy structure is expressed by the formulas such as Co, Al, and Mn.
- the alloy is mixed with the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder by ordinary pulverization and pulverization can do.
- two antiphase boundaries which are not seen at all in the La Ni 5 type structure crystal of the conventional hydrogen storage alloy, in the direction perpendicular to the C axis of the crystal grains and 20 nm in the C axis direction.
- the crystal containing less than 20 crystals is contained in an amount of 10% by volume or more and less than 95% by volume, and the substitution element L represented by the formula (1) is in the opposite phase region, at 60% of the addition amount of the substitution element L.
- the negative electrode for a nickel-metal hydride secondary battery of the present invention contains the hydrogen storage alloy B and a conductive agent as a negative electrode material.
- the hydrogen storage alloy B is preferably used as a pulverized product, and the pulverized particle size is preferably 20 to 100 / Zm, and more preferably 40 to 50 m.
- This pulverization can be performed, for example, by roughly pulverizing the hydrogen storage alloy B with a stamp mill or the like, and then mechanically pulverizing it in a non-oxidizing solvent such as hexane using an apparatus such as a planetary ball mill.
- the content ratio of the hydrogen storage alloy B is preferably 70 to 95% by weight, particularly preferably 80 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of the negative electrode material. When the content is less than 70% by weight, the hydrogen storage capacity of the obtained negative electrode decreases, and it is difficult to achieve a high capacity. If the amount exceeds 95% by weight, the conductivity is lowered and the durability is deteriorated.
- the conductive agent examples include copper, nickel, cobalt, and carbon.
- the conductive agent can be used as a powder having a particle size of about 1 to 10 m.
- the content of the conductive agent is preferably 5 to 20% by weight, and particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight, based on the total amount of the negative electrode material.
- the negative electrode for a nickel hydrogen secondary battery of the present invention may contain a binder in addition to the essential components.
- a binder 4-fluoride Preferred examples thereof include 6-fluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), polytetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like.
- FEP 6-fluoropropylene copolymer
- the content of the binder is desirably less than 10% by weight based on the total amount of the negative electrode material.
- the negative electrode material is made of nickel metal, nickel or copper expanded metal, nickel or copper punching metal, foamed nickel, wool-like nickel, or the like. It can be obtained by binding or the like to an electric substrate. The binding can be performed by a roll press method, a forming press method, or the like, and is preferably formed in a sheet shape or a pellet shape.
- the obtained negative electrode can be used in the same manner as a normal nickel-metal hydride secondary battery negative electrode to constitute a secondary battery.
- the hydrogen storage alloy B of the present invention can simultaneously exhibit all of initial high activity, high electric capacity, and long life when used as a negative electrode material of a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery. According to the production method of the present invention, such a hydrogen storage alloy B can be rationally obtained. Further, the negative electrode for a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery of the present invention simultaneously exhibits all of the initial high activity, high electric capacity, and long life, so that demand can be expected to replace the conventional negative electrode.
- the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Table 1 shows the values obtained by converting the obtained alloy compositions into atomic ratios and the values corresponding to x, y, and z in the formula (1).
- the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the obtained alloy was measured with an X-ray diffractometer manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd., and it was confirmed that the alloy had a La Ni 5 type single structure.
- JEL4000 EX high-resolution transmission electron microscope
- the (100) plane of the crystal grains was observed, and the opposite phase boundary perpendicular to the C axis of the crystal grains was observed.
- the number existing per 0 nm and the ratio of crystal grains having the antiphase boundary contained in the alloy were determined.
- the amount of Gd present in the antiphase region was determined by high-resolution EDX analysis. Table 2 shows the results. Furthermore, Fig.
- FIG. 1 shows a micrograph used to measure the number of antiphase boundaries that exist perpendicular to the C-axis of the crystal grains per 20 nm.
- Fig. 2 shows the micrographs used for this purpose.
- a in FIG. 1 indicates an antiphase boundary
- B in FIG. 2 indicates a portion of the micrograph shown in FIG. 1 before being enlarged.
- a hydrogen storage alloy was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the raw materials had the compositions shown in Table 1. The same measurement as in Example 1 was performed on the obtained alloy and a battery using this alloy. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 1 Using a raw material having the composition shown in Table 1, a strip alloy was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. This alloy was placed in a heat treatment furnace and heated at 950 ° C. for 4 hours in a stream of argon. The same measurement as in Example 1 was performed on this alloy and the battery prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using this alloy. Table 2 shows the results.
- a strip-shaped alloy was obtained in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same alloy melt as in Example 3 was used and the cooling rate was set to 300 to 600 ° C.Z seconds, followed by heating to obtain a hydrogen storage alloy.
- the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed on this alloy and a battery prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using this alloy. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 1 was repeated except that the same alloy melt as in Example 3 was poured into a water-cooled copper mold at a melt temperature of 1450 ° C. by a mold making method to obtain an alloy having a thickness of 2 Omm. Similarly, an alloy and a battery were prepared and measured. Table 2 shows the results.
- Example 2 Same as Example 1 except that the same alloy melt as in Example 3 was used, and a single-roll manufacturing apparatus having a surface of copper water-cooled roll having a 10-point average roughness (Rz) of 5 / m was used. Then, a hydrogen storage alloy and a battery were prepared and measured. Table 2 shows the results.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP51012097A JP3993890B2 (ja) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | 希土類金属−ニッケル系水素吸蔵合金及びその製造法、並びにニッケル水素2次電池用負極 |
KR1019970702821A KR100237322B1 (ko) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | 희토류금속-니켈계 수소흡장합금, 그 제조법 및 니켈수소 2차 전지용 음극 |
AT96928668T ATE208437T1 (de) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | Wasserstoffabsorbierende seltene-erden metall/nickel basislegierung, herstellungsverfahren und negative elektrode für nickel-wasserstoff-sekundär-batterie |
US08/836,902 US5964968A (en) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | Rare earth metal-nickel hydrogen storage alloy, method for producing the same, and anode for nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery |
EP96928668A EP0790323B1 (en) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | Rare earth metal/nickel-base hydrogen absorbing alloy, process for preparing the same, and negative electrode for nickel-hydrogen secondary battery |
DE69616741T DE69616741T2 (de) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | Wasserstoffabsorbierende seltene-erden metall/nickel basislegierung, herstellungsverfahren und negative elektrode für nickel-wasserstoff-sekundär-batterie |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP7/245166 | 1995-08-31 | ||
JP24516695 | 1995-08-31 |
Publications (1)
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WO1997008353A1 true WO1997008353A1 (fr) | 1997-03-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1996/002400 WO1997008353A1 (fr) | 1995-08-31 | 1996-08-28 | Alliage a base de metal du groupe des terres rares/nickel absorbant l'hydrogene, son procede de fabrication et electrode negative pour batterie secondaire au nickel/hydrogene. |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5964968A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0790323B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3993890B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100237322B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1072267C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE208437T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69616741T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997008353A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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JP2001325957A (ja) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-22 | Toshiba Battery Co Ltd | アルカリ二次電池 |
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- 1996-08-28 JP JP51012097A patent/JP3993890B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-28 WO PCT/JP1996/002400 patent/WO1997008353A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1996-08-28 US US08/836,902 patent/US5964968A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-28 DE DE69616741T patent/DE69616741T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-28 CN CN96191001A patent/CN1072267C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-28 EP EP96928668A patent/EP0790323B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2009068116A (ja) * | 1997-06-17 | 2009-04-02 | Toshiba Corp | 水素吸蔵合金及び二次電池 |
JP2001266864A (ja) * | 2000-03-15 | 2001-09-28 | Santoku Corp | 水素吸蔵合金、ニッケル水素2次電池負極用合金粉末及びニッケル水素2次電池用負極 |
JP2001325957A (ja) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-22 | Toshiba Battery Co Ltd | アルカリ二次電池 |
JP2002105564A (ja) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Toshiba Corp | 水素吸蔵合金とその製造方法、およびそれを用いたニッケル−水素二次電池 |
JP2002105563A (ja) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Toshiba Corp | 水素吸蔵合金およびそれを用いたニッケル−水素二次電池 |
JPWO2003056047A1 (ja) * | 2001-12-27 | 2005-05-12 | 株式会社三徳 | 水素吸蔵合金、水素吸蔵合金粉末、それらの製造法及びニッケル水素二次電池用負極 |
JP4685353B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-27 | 2011-05-18 | 株式会社三徳 | 水素吸蔵合金、水素吸蔵合金粉末、それらの製造法及びニッケル水素二次電池用負極 |
JP2009203490A (ja) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 水素吸蔵合金、該合金を用いた水素吸蔵合金電極及びニッケル水素二次電池 |
JP2011014258A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | ニッケル−水素二次電池用水素吸蔵合金およびニッケル−水素二次電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE208437T1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
EP0790323B1 (en) | 2001-11-07 |
EP0790323A1 (en) | 1997-08-20 |
CN1072267C (zh) | 2001-10-03 |
DE69616741D1 (de) | 2001-12-13 |
DE69616741T2 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
EP0790323A4 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
CN1165542A (zh) | 1997-11-19 |
US5964968A (en) | 1999-10-12 |
JP3993890B2 (ja) | 2007-10-17 |
KR100237322B1 (ko) | 2000-01-15 |
KR970707310A (ko) | 1997-12-01 |
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