WO1997009602A1 - Rubber testing - Google Patents

Rubber testing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997009602A1
WO1997009602A1 PCT/GB1996/002201 GB9602201W WO9709602A1 WO 1997009602 A1 WO1997009602 A1 WO 1997009602A1 GB 9602201 W GB9602201 W GB 9602201W WO 9709602 A1 WO9709602 A1 WO 9709602A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
rubber
annular space
measurements
members
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1996/002201
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
William Ferguson Watson
Original Assignee
William Ferguson Watson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by William Ferguson Watson filed Critical William Ferguson Watson
Priority to DE69620769T priority Critical patent/DE69620769D1/en
Priority to JP9510988A priority patent/JPH11512185A/en
Priority to US09/043,018 priority patent/US6000279A/en
Priority to EP96929437A priority patent/EP0848812B1/en
Publication of WO1997009602A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997009602A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
    • G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
    • G01N11/14—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/44—Resins; rubber; leather

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of testing rubber and apparatus for carrying out such methods.
  • a method of testing rubber wherein a sample of the rubber is entered to fill an annular space defined between coaxial cylindrical surfaces of two relatively- rotatable members, and measurements of the viscous torque of the sample and the force it exerts axially of the annular space during relative rotation of the two members is derived to provide a measure of quality of the sample.
  • a multiplicity of measurements of the viscous torque and the axial force may be derived during a period of relative rotation of the two members ⁇ o as to provide time-related characteristic ⁇ dependent re ⁇ pectively upon the vi ⁇ cosity and the elasticity of recovery of the sample. Determination of acceptability or otherwise of the sample may then be made in dependence upon the degree of conformity of the characteristics to predetermined criteria.
  • the measurements may be made for each of a series of samples taken at successive stages of manufacture of a rubber product.
  • the samples may be taken from the raw rubber, from the product of compounding in a primary masticator-mixer, and from the product of extrusion, calendering or injection-moulding of the compounded rubber.
  • the method of testing is desirably carried out at a temperature and for a duration comparable with the temperature and duration of the next proce ⁇ ing stage to which the rubber from which the ⁇ ample was taken, is to be submitted.
  • the temperature in primary compounding is generally in the range 130 to 150 degrees Celsius for natural rubber, 140 to 170 degrees Cel ⁇ ius for general- purpose synthetic rubber ⁇ , and 100 to 120 degree ⁇ Celsius for butyl rubbers, and may exceed 200 degrees Celsius for high temperature rubbers.
  • the ⁇ peed of relative rotation of the two member ⁇ i ⁇ desirably such as to give rise to a rate of shear within the sample comparable with that to which the rubber is to be submitted in the next processing stage.
  • the speed of relative rotation of the two member ⁇ may in thi ⁇ respect be within the range 50 to 1,000 revolutions per minute, or more especially within the range 100 to 500 revolutions per minute.
  • apparatu ⁇ for te ⁇ ting a ⁇ ample of rubber compri ⁇ es two relatively-rotatable members having coaxial cylindrical ⁇ urface ⁇ to define an annular ⁇ pace between the two members for receiving the sample, means for rotating the two members relative to one another, mean ⁇ to derive a mea ⁇ urement dependent upon the viscous torque of the sample, and means to derive a mea ⁇ urement dependent upon the force exerted axially of the annular ⁇ pace during relative rotation of the two members.
  • the apparatus may include means for heating the sample within the annular space, and the axial length of the annular space may be substantially larger than its radial width to minimise end effects.
  • the apparatu ⁇ may include means for blocking one end of the annular space during relative rotation of the two members, and in these circumstance ⁇ the mean ⁇ for deriving a measurement dependent upon axial force may be responsive to the force exerted axially by the sample, at the other end of the space.
  • a loading chamber for receiving the sample of rubber may be coupled to the annular space via a plurality of passages that open axially into said one end of the space.
  • Ram means may then be provided for forcing the sample from the loading chamber into the annular space via the ⁇ e passages.
  • Figure 1 is a ⁇ ectional ⁇ ide elevation of part of the rubber-testing apparatus according to the invention
  • Figure ⁇ 2 and 3 are enlarged views of the region designated A in Figure 1 during different stages of the rubber-testing method of the invention.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are illustrative of characteristics plotted from mea ⁇ urements taken during operation of the rubber-testing apparatus of Figure 1.
  • the rubber-testing apparatus involves an annular ⁇ pace 1 for receiving the sample of rubber to be tested.
  • the ⁇ pace 1 i ⁇ defined between coaxial cylindrical surfaces 2 and 3 respectively of a rotor 4 and stator 5.
  • the rotor 4 is mounted on a shaft 6 for rotation relative to the stator 5 by a motor (not shown) , and the sample is entered into the space 1 from a loading chamber 7.
  • Thi ⁇ enables the top of the space 1 to be completely closed off when it is full.
  • the measurements represented by this signal are plotted again ⁇ t time during rotation of the rotor 4, as also are measurements represented by an electric signal from a torque ⁇ ensor 15 on the ⁇ haft 6.
  • the re ⁇ ultant time-related characteristics provide an indication of the quality of the sample.
  • the cylindrical surfaces 2 and 3 of the rotor 4 and stator 5 are ribbed parallel to the rotational axis of the shaft 6 ⁇ o that the rotational torque measured by the torque sensor 15 is dependent upon the viscosity V of the sample rubber.
  • the load cell 14, responds to the force which acts parallel to the shaft 6 in consequence of the ⁇ hear brought about in the ⁇ ample by the rotation; thi ⁇ force is dependent upon the elasticity of recovery E of the sample rubber.
  • Figures 4 and 5 illustrate, respectively, visco ⁇ ity V and elasticity E characteristics 16 and 17 which have been plotted in accordance with the ⁇ ignal ⁇ derived from the torque sensor 15 and the load cell 14 during testing of a rubber sample.
  • the sample may be of raw rubber (natural or synthetic) taken from a bale of rubber for the purpose of assessing its quality and therefore acceptability or otherwise for processing.
  • the viscosity and elasticity characteristics are plotted for the sample over a period of some minutes with the temperature of the sample regulated by means of a heater 18 in thermal contact with the stator 5.
  • the heater 18 is regulated to maintain the sample at substantially the same temperature a ⁇ that of the compounded rubber leaving the ma ⁇ ticator-mixer in the primary proce ⁇ sing of the rubber.
  • the duration for which the testing apparatus is operated and measurements are taken, is ⁇ ub ⁇ tantially the same as that for which the compounding process is carried out in the masticator- mixer, and the speed of rotation of the ⁇ haft 6 is chosen to replicate the highest rate of shear to which the rubber is submitted in the process (for example, 100 s' 1 ) .
  • Testing of samples of various supplies of raw rubber is carried out to derive for each an appropriate pair of V and E characteristics.
  • the different rubbers are proces ⁇ ed to identify which ,i ⁇ the mo ⁇ t ⁇ ati ⁇ factory for the application concerned, and from thi ⁇ the corre ⁇ ponding pair of V and E characteri ⁇ tic ⁇ provides a criterion or standard for acceptance or otherwise of raw rubber for processing.
  • a ⁇ ample of each new batch of raw rubber i ⁇ te ⁇ ted and it ⁇ pair of V and E characteristic ⁇ compared with the standard pair. If within certain limits there is a match, then the new batch can be accepted for processing with a greater degree of certainty for the maintenance of con ⁇ i ⁇ tency of resultant product than otherwise would be the case.
  • the tolerance limits applicable are cho ⁇ en in dependence upon the degree of consistency required and may be plotted on the characteri ⁇ tic ⁇ a ⁇ by pairs of lines 19 and 20 shown in Figures 4 and 5, to define the range of acceptability.
  • V and E characteri ⁇ tic ⁇ are in general applicable a ⁇ appropriate criteria of quality only in regard to the particular manufacturing line and condition ⁇ for which they were derived.
  • similar V and E characteristics do indicate rubbers of similar quality or proce ⁇ ability on the ⁇ ame machine ⁇ or machine ⁇ of ⁇ imilar operation (for example ⁇ hear rate) under similar conditions (for example temperature and duration) .
  • Raw-rubber supplies can therefore be characterised by their V and E characteri ⁇ tic ⁇ for a particular te ⁇ t, and accepted for manufacture if tho ⁇ e characteri ⁇ tic ⁇ are within the appropriate tolerance ranges of the standard characteri ⁇ tics for that manufacturing proces ⁇ .
  • the method of the invention i ⁇ of e ⁇ pecial importance in relation to the te ⁇ ting of raw rubber before proce ⁇ sing ⁇ tarts, it may be applied to the rubber during proce ⁇ sing. It may be applied to the compounded rubber prior to its submission to the next stage of processing, for example, extrusion, calendering or injection-moulding. More especially, the sample may be taken from the output of the mastication-mixing ⁇ tage and in this ca ⁇ e the duration of te ⁇ ting, the ⁇ peed of rotation of the shaft 6, and operation of the heater 18 will be related to the duration, shear condition ⁇ (for example, 1,000 s '1 ) and temperature applicable in the next processing stage.
  • shear condition ⁇ for example, 1,000 s '1
  • the rubber product of this next ⁇ tage may also be tested in a comparable way in accordance with the conditions applicable to the following stage, so that as processing proceeds, V and E characteristics for each successive stage are plotted and compared with standard V and E characteri ⁇ tic ⁇ of acceptability derived for that re ⁇ pective stage of the proces ⁇ .
  • Acce ⁇ s to the space 1 can be gained by lifting the chamber 7, and with it the plate 11, clear of the rotor 4 and stator 5, on rods 21. This enables the ⁇ pace 1 to be cleared after te ⁇ ting, but al ⁇ o enables the ⁇ pace 1 to be loaded directly with a ⁇ trip ⁇ ample of the rubber bent round to fill the ⁇ pace 1, or with an annular ⁇ tamping of the ⁇ ample rubber, if desired.

Abstract

A test sample of raw or compounded rubber is squeezed from a loading chamber (7) through selectively-aligned passages (8, 12) to fill an annular space (1) between a coaxial stator (5) and rotor (4). Measurements of viscous torque are provided by a sensor (15), and a load cell (14) provides measurements of the force exerted axially by the sample. The torque and axial-force measurements are plotted against time (16 Fig. 4, 17 Fig. 5) as representative respectively of the viscosity V and elasticity of recovery E of the sample, and are compared for correspondence (within limits 19, 20) with earlier-plotted characteristics of an acceptable rubber for processing. Temperature of the sample is regulated by a heater (18) and rotation of the rotor (4) is at a speed and for a duration corresponding to that of the next processing stage.

Description

Rubber Testing
This invention relates to methods of testing rubber and apparatus for carrying out such methods.
One of the most, if not the most, significant factors affecting quality and consistency in manufacture of rubber products, is the quality of the raw rubber used. However, the quality and consistency of raw rubber, particularly natural rubber but also to a lesser extent synthetic rubbers, varies considerably. It is accordingly desirable to have a method of testing rubber- quality that can be readily applied before or during the early stages of the manufacturing process, towards achieving assurance of consistency of manufactured product. It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide such a method and also apparatus for carrying out the method.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of testing rubber wherein a sample of the rubber is entered to fill an annular space defined between coaxial cylindrical surfaces of two relatively- rotatable members, and measurements of the viscous torque of the sample and the force it exerts axially of the annular space during relative rotation of the two members is derived to provide a measure of quality of the sample.
It has been found that the measurements of torque and axially-exerted force of the εample can be used with advantage for assessing the quality of the rubber in relation to its acceptability or otherwise for consistency of manufactured product. In the manufacture of tyres, for example, it is necessary to have reproducibility of properties such as tensile strength and resistance to wear, and the method of the invention has been found to enable criteria of acceptability or suitability for the starting material, whether in the raw or compounded condition, to be established.
A multiplicity of measurements of the viscous torque and the axial force may be derived during a period of relative rotation of the two members εo as to provide time-related characteristicε dependent reεpectively upon the viεcosity and the elasticity of recovery of the sample. Determination of acceptability or otherwise of the sample may then be made in dependence upon the degree of conformity of the characteristics to predetermined criteria.
The measurements may be made for each of a series of samples taken at successive stages of manufacture of a rubber product. For example, the samples may be taken from the raw rubber, from the product of compounding in a primary masticator-mixer, and from the product of extrusion, calendering or injection-moulding of the compounded rubber.
The method of testing is desirably carried out at a temperature and for a duration comparable with the temperature and duration of the next proceεεing stage to which the rubber from which the εample was taken, is to be submitted. The temperature in primary compounding is generally in the range 130 to 150 degrees Celsius for natural rubber, 140 to 170 degrees Celεius for general- purpose synthetic rubberε, and 100 to 120 degreeε Celsius for butyl rubbers, and may exceed 200 degrees Celsius for high temperature rubbers. Moreover, the εpeed of relative rotation of the two memberε iε desirably such as to give rise to a rate of shear within the sample comparable with that to which the rubber is to be submitted in the next processing stage. The speed of relative rotation of the two memberε may in thiε respect be within the range 50 to 1,000 revolutions per minute, or more especially within the range 100 to 500 revolutions per minute.
According to another aspect of the preεent invention apparatuε for teεting a εample of rubber compriεes two relatively-rotatable members having coaxial cylindrical εurfaceε to define an annular εpace between the two members for receiving the sample, means for rotating the two members relative to one another, meanε to derive a meaεurement dependent upon the viscous torque of the sample, and means to derive a meaεurement dependent upon the force exerted axially of the annular εpace during relative rotation of the two members.
The apparatus may include means for heating the sample within the annular space, and the axial length of the annular space may be substantially larger than its radial width to minimise end effects.
Alεo, the apparatuε may include means for blocking one end of the annular space during relative rotation of the two members, and in these circumstanceε the meanε for deriving a measurement dependent upon axial force may be responsive to the force exerted axially by the sample, at the other end of the space. A loading chamber for receiving the sample of rubber may be coupled to the annular space via a plurality of passages that open axially into said one end of the space. Ram means may then be provided for forcing the sample from the loading chamber into the annular space via theεe passages.
A method of testing rubber, and apparatuε for uεe in the method, will now be deεcribed, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawingε, in which: Figure 1 is a εectional εide elevation of part of the rubber-testing apparatus according to the invention;
Figureε 2 and 3 are enlarged views of the region designated A in Figure 1 during different stages of the rubber-testing method of the invention; and
Figures 4 and 5 are illustrative of characteristics plotted from meaεurements taken during operation of the rubber-testing apparatus of Figure 1.
Referring to Figureε 1 and 2 , the rubber-testing apparatus involves an annular εpace 1 for receiving the sample of rubber to be tested. The εpace 1 iε defined between coaxial cylindrical surfaces 2 and 3 respectively of a rotor 4 and stator 5. The rotor 4 is mounted on a shaft 6 for rotation relative to the stator 5 by a motor (not shown) , and the sample is entered into the space 1 from a loading chamber 7.
Sample rubber iε loaded into the chamber 7 and passes down into the space 1 via two concentric rings of passages 8 that open through the bottom of the chamber 7. More particularly, a ram 9 that is carried by rods 10 is operated to squeeze the sample rubber downwardly into the passages 8. A movably-mounted plate 11, which is carried with the chamber 7 to extend across the top of the annular space 1, has pasεages 12 therethrough that (as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2) align with the passages 8 to allow the rubber to enter the space 1. The plate 11 iε εlidable under control of a motor 13 to move the paεεageε 12 out of alignment with the paεεages 8 as illuεtrated in Figure 3. Thiε enables the top of the space 1 to be completely closed off when it is full.
The bottom of the space 1 iε cloεed by an annular load cell 14 which provides an electrical signal in accordance with the force exerted by the εample axially of the space 1. The measurements represented by this signal are plotted againεt time during rotation of the rotor 4, as also are measurements represented by an electric signal from a torque εensor 15 on the εhaft 6. The reεultant time-related characteristics provide an indication of the quality of the sample.
The cylindrical surfaces 2 and 3 of the rotor 4 and stator 5 are ribbed parallel to the rotational axis of the shaft 6 εo that the rotational torque measured by the torque sensor 15 is dependent upon the viscosity V of the sample rubber. The load cell 14, on the other hand, responds to the force which acts parallel to the shaft 6 in consequence of the εhear brought about in the εample by the rotation; thiε force is dependent upon the elasticity of recovery E of the sample rubber.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate, respectively, viscoεity V and elasticity E characteristics 16 and 17 which have been plotted in accordance with the εignalε derived from the torque sensor 15 and the load cell 14 during testing of a rubber sample. The sample may be of raw rubber (natural or synthetic) taken from a bale of rubber for the purpose of assessing its quality and therefore acceptability or otherwise for processing. The viscosity and elasticity characteristics are plotted for the sample over a period of some minutes with the temperature of the sample regulated by means of a heater 18 in thermal contact with the stator 5.
More particularly, the heater 18 is regulated to maintain the sample at substantially the same temperature aε that of the compounded rubber leaving the maεticator-mixer in the primary proceεsing of the rubber. The duration for which the testing apparatus is operated and measurements are taken, is εubεtantially the same as that for which the compounding process is carried out in the masticator- mixer, and the speed of rotation of the εhaft 6 is chosen to replicate the highest rate of shear to which the rubber is submitted in the process (for example, 100 s'1) .
Testing of samples of various supplies of raw rubber is carried out to derive for each an appropriate pair of V and E characteristics. The different rubbers are procesεed to identify which ,iε the moεt εatiεfactory for the application concerned, and from thiε the correεponding pair of V and E characteriεticε provides a criterion or standard for acceptance or otherwise of raw rubber for processing. A εample of each new batch of raw rubber iε teεted and itε pair of V and E characteristicε compared with the standard pair. If within certain limits there is a match, then the new batch can be accepted for processing with a greater degree of certainty for the maintenance of conεiεtency of resultant product than otherwise would be the case. The tolerance limits applicable are choεen in dependence upon the degree of consistency required and may be plotted on the characteriεticε aε by pairs of lines 19 and 20 shown in Figures 4 and 5, to define the range of acceptability.
It is to be recognised that the standard V and E characteriεticε are in general applicable aε appropriate criteria of quality only in regard to the particular manufacturing line and conditionε for which they were derived. However, similar V and E characteristics do indicate rubbers of similar quality or proceεεability on the εame machineε or machineε of εimilar operation (for example εhear rate) under similar conditions (for example temperature and duration) . Raw-rubber supplies can therefore be characterised by their V and E characteriεticε for a particular teεt, and accepted for manufacture if thoεe characteriεticε are within the appropriate tolerance ranges of the standard characteriεtics for that manufacturing procesε.
Although the method of the invention iε of eεpecial importance in relation to the teεting of raw rubber before proceεsing εtarts, it may be applied to the rubber during proceεsing. It may be applied to the compounded rubber prior to its submission to the next stage of processing, for example, extrusion, calendering or injection-moulding. More especially, the sample may be taken from the output of the mastication-mixing εtage and in this caεe the duration of teεting, the εpeed of rotation of the shaft 6, and operation of the heater 18 will be related to the duration, shear conditionε (for example, 1,000 s'1) and temperature applicable in the next processing stage. The rubber product of this next εtage may also be tested in a comparable way in accordance with the conditions applicable to the following stage, so that as processing proceeds, V and E characteristics for each successive stage are plotted and compared with standard V and E characteriεticε of acceptability derived for that reεpective stage of the procesε.
Acceεs to the space 1 can be gained by lifting the chamber 7, and with it the plate 11, clear of the rotor 4 and stator 5, on rods 21. This enables the εpace 1 to be cleared after teεting, but alεo enables the εpace 1 to be loaded directly with a εtrip εample of the rubber bent round to fill the εpace 1, or with an annular εtamping of the εample rubber, if desired.

Claims

Claims :
1. A method of teεting rubber wherein a sample of the rubber iε entered to fill an annular space defined between coaxial cylindrical surfaces of two relatively- rotatable memberε, and measurements of the viscous torque of the sample and the force it exertε axially of the annular space during relative rotation of the two members is derived to provide a meaεure of quality of the εample.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein a multiplicity of measurements of the viscous torque and the axial force are derived during a period of relative rotation of the two members to provide time-related characteristicε dependent reεpectively upon viεcoεity and elasticity of recovery of the sample.
3. A method according to Claim 2 wherein determination of acceptability or otherwise of the sample is made in dependence upon the degree of conformity of the characteristicε to predetermined criteria.
4. A method according to Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein the temperature of the εample iε controlled during εaid period.
5. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 wherein the sample iε a sample of raw natural or synthetic rubber.
6. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 wherein the sample is a sample of compounded rubber taken from the product of primary mastication and mixing of raw rubber.
7. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 wherein the sample iε a εample of the product of extruεion, calendering or injection-moulding of compounded rubber.
8. A method according to any one of Claimε 1 to 7 wherein said measurements are made for each of a series of sampleε taken at successive stages of manufacture of a rubber product, for the purpoεe of control of consistency of such product.
9. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 wherein the axial length of the annular space is substantially larger than itε radial width.
10. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 9 wherein the speed of relative rotation of the two members when the measurements are taken lies within the range 50 to 1,000 revolutions per minute.
11. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 9 wherein the speed of relative rotation of the two members when the measurements are taken lies within the range 100 to 500 revolutionε per minute.
12. Apparatuε for teεting a εample of rubber compriεing two relatively-rotatable memberε having coaxial cylindrical surfaces to define an annular space between the two members for receiving the sample, meanε for rotating the two memberε relative to one another, means to derive a meaεurement dependent upon the viεcouε torque of the sample, and meanε to derive a meaεurement dependent upon the force exerted axially of the annular space during relative rotation of the two members.
13. Apparatus according to Claim 12 including means for heating the sample within the annular space.
14. Apparatus according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein the axial length of the annular space is substantially larger than its radial width.
15. Apparatus according to any one of Claimε 12 to 14 including meanε for blocking one end of the annular space, and wherein said means for deriving a measurement dependent upon axial force is responsive to the force exerted axially by the sample, at the other end of the εpace.
16. Apparatus according to Claim 15 including a loading chamber for receiving the sample of rubber, the chamber being coupled to the annular space via a plurality of passages that open axially into said one end of said space, and ram means for forcing the sample from the loading chamber into the annular space via said passages, the passages being closable to block said other end selectively.
PCT/GB1996/002201 1995-09-06 1996-09-06 Rubber testing WO1997009602A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69620769T DE69620769D1 (en) 1995-09-06 1996-09-06 TESTING RUBBER
JP9510988A JPH11512185A (en) 1995-09-06 1996-09-06 Rubber test
US09/043,018 US6000279A (en) 1995-09-06 1996-09-06 Rubber testing
EP96929437A EP0848812B1 (en) 1995-09-06 1996-09-06 Rubber testing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9518176.4A GB9518176D0 (en) 1995-09-06 1995-09-06 Rubber testing
GB9518176.4 1995-09-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997009602A1 true WO1997009602A1 (en) 1997-03-13

Family

ID=10780276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/002201 WO1997009602A1 (en) 1995-09-06 1996-09-06 Rubber testing

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6000279A (en)
EP (1) EP0848812B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11512185A (en)
DE (1) DE69620769D1 (en)
GB (2) GB9518176D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1997009602A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6164818A (en) * 1999-01-21 2000-12-26 Alpha Technologies Method and apparatus for measuring viscous heating of viscoelastic materials

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1365677A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-09-04 Secretary Trade Ind Brit Instrument for measuring the characteristics of a sample
US4275600A (en) * 1978-05-09 1981-06-30 Avon Rubber Company Limited Testing rubber
US4601195A (en) * 1985-04-11 1986-07-22 Rheometrics, Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring viscoelastic properties of materials
US4760734A (en) * 1986-02-07 1988-08-02 Bryce Maxwell Apparatus for measuring the rheological properties of materials

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR873976A (en) * 1940-07-16 1942-07-24 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Device for indicating that a combustion engine is ready to operate at full load
NL95389C (en) * 1954-03-05
US3479858A (en) * 1966-03-08 1969-11-25 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd Apparatus for measuring viscoelasticity
US4092849A (en) * 1977-05-27 1978-06-06 Bryce Maxwell Method and apparatus for measuring melt elasticity of polymers
US4352287A (en) * 1980-06-23 1982-10-05 Dresser Industries, Inc. Rotational viscometer
FR2535052A1 (en) * 1982-10-25 1984-04-27 Agronomique Inst Nat Rech METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMI-SOLID BODIES BY HARMONIC SHEAR IN ROTATION
GB8319195D0 (en) * 1983-07-15 1983-08-17 Spri Ltd Pheometer
SU1254864A1 (en) * 1984-01-05 1987-03-30 Институт нефтехимического синтеза им.А.В.Топчиева Method for studying rheological characteristics of pulverulent and polymeric systems
DE3490625T1 (en) * 1984-01-05 1985-11-28 Institut neftechimičeskogo sinteza imeni A.V. Topčieva Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskau/Moskva Method for determining rheological parameters of polymeric and disperse systems and device for its implementation
US5163317A (en) * 1990-03-26 1992-11-17 Bridgestone Corporation Apparatus for measuring stress of viscoelastic material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1365677A (en) * 1971-12-08 1974-09-04 Secretary Trade Ind Brit Instrument for measuring the characteristics of a sample
US4275600A (en) * 1978-05-09 1981-06-30 Avon Rubber Company Limited Testing rubber
US4601195A (en) * 1985-04-11 1986-07-22 Rheometrics, Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring viscoelastic properties of materials
US4760734A (en) * 1986-02-07 1988-08-02 Bryce Maxwell Apparatus for measuring the rheological properties of materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2304907A (en) 1997-03-26
GB9518176D0 (en) 1995-11-08
EP0848812A1 (en) 1998-06-24
GB2304907B (en) 1999-05-05
EP0848812B1 (en) 2002-04-17
JPH11512185A (en) 1999-10-19
DE69620769D1 (en) 2002-05-23
US6000279A (en) 1999-12-14
GB9618654D0 (en) 1996-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4680958A (en) Apparatus for fast determination of the rheological properties of thermoplastics
Casiraghi et al. Behavior of mozzarella, cheddar and processed cheese spread in lubricated and bonded uniaxial compression
AU733975B2 (en) On-line rheometer device
Takaki et al. The extensional and failure properties of polymer melts
AU642946B2 (en) Method and apparatus for using flow behaviour index to control polymer rheology and physical properties
US5959195A (en) Process for determining and evaluating melt flow index values
CA2264855A1 (en) Method for analyzing a sample of a starch-containing product and a device for such analyses
WO1997009602A1 (en) Rubber testing
US4238952A (en) Method of determining characteristic rheological quantities of viscoelastic materials
US4074569A (en) Apparatus for determining material processing characteristics
Taylor Measurement of cotton fiber tenacity on 1/8 gage HVI tapered bundles
Norman et al. Processability testing
US20040020273A1 (en) Process for determining changes in liquid media, in particular coating agents under shear stress
US5014545A (en) Apparatus for determining flow behavior index
EP1200495A1 (en) Process for producing a cross-linked polymer product
Schausberger et al. Reptation model in polymer melt rheology: on the validity of a useful basic assumption
KR900005218B1 (en) A method and apparatus for testing the pepeatability of the output of a rheologic instrument
Mazzanti et al. In–line vs. off–line rheological characterization of wood polymer composites
Jablonka et al. Development of an objective method for assessing the mechanical strength of casein curd
RU2787708C1 (en) Method for assessing the heterogeneity of the discontinuous characteristics of bast fibers
RU2057315C1 (en) Method of determination of displacement stability of asphaltic concrete
Jao et al. Rheology of enzyme modified cheese
Robert et al. Discussion on round-robin testing in size exclusion chromatography using polyamides as an example
Koopmann Method of comprehensive and accurate rheological material characterization
SU1265541A2 (en) Method of determining thermosetting moulding materials

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 1997 510988

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 09043018

Country of ref document: US

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1996929437

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1996929437

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1996929437

Country of ref document: EP