WO1997022833A1 - Unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination - Google Patents
Unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997022833A1 WO1997022833A1 PCT/US1996/020193 US9620193W WO9722833A1 WO 1997022833 A1 WO1997022833 A1 WO 1997022833A1 US 9620193 W US9620193 W US 9620193W WO 9722833 A1 WO9722833 A1 WO 9722833A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- conjugate
- focus
- focal axes
- reflector
- internal reflective
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
- F21V7/09—Optical design with a combination of different curvatures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/005—Reflectors for light sources with an elongated shape to cooperate with linear light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
- F21V7/08—Optical design with elliptical curvature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
- G06K7/10712—Fixed beam scanning
- G06K7/10722—Photodetector array or CCD scanning
- G06K7/10732—Light sources
Definitions
- This invention relates to a reflector and illumination system , and more specifically relates to an unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination.
- sorting machines to separate packages along an automated system. Such systems are useful in sorting a large number of packages for delivery to a number of different regions, such as zip code areas.
- the packages Under the control of a computer or programmed logic controller, the packages are identified or coded before they enter the system, and may then be tracked for output at a chute or bin corresponding to the coded information.
- the packages are typically carried on a main conveyor and then transferred to other conveyors or collection bins depending on their intended final destination.
- Optically encoded symbols are often used in high volume package handling operations.
- an encoded label is applied to the package, and an optical scanning system scans the encoded label.
- a processor such as a computer , decodes the information carried by the label and effects a response to the information.
- the encoded label includes information in the form of a symbol, such as a bar code or a two-dimensional dense code, printed on the label.
- the labels may be applied by the shipper prior to delivering the package to the carrier, or the carrier may apply the labels.
- the labels are applied at a conspicuous location on the package, usually prescribed by the carrier. During the sorting operation, the package must be placed on the conveyor such that the label will be viewable by the optical scanning system.
- OCR optical character recognition
- the encoded labels applied to the packages are illuminated by artificial means such as high intensity lamps.
- the most efficient illumination is provided by focusing the lamp's beam onto the package surface bearing the encoded label.
- the packages carried by the sorting conveyor are usually of varying sizes, extending at varying heights from the conveyor surface.
- the illumination systems of the prior art generally utilize a single lamp and reflector system. Such an illumination system with a single focal length and a single point of focus provides fully focused illumination at a single height and a single point above the conveyor surface.
- packages with heights extending above or below this single point of focus may not be optimally illuminated, and the optical scanning system may be incapable of properly scanning the encoded labels applied to these packages.
- an illumination system which can affordably supply fully focused illumination at a range of heights above the conveyor so that bar code labels on various-sized packages may be scanned.
- the present invention solves the above problems by providing an illumination system with two focal lengths to provide intense, focused illumination at two focal axes positioned at two different heights above a conveyor surface. Also, the illumination intensity between the two focal axes is sufficiently intense to provide adequate illumination of encoded labels carried on package surfaces at heights between the two focal axes.
- the present invention provides an improved elliptical reflector for use within an improved illumination system.
- the illumination system provides more than one focus to provide a wide range of luminance.
- the illumination system preferably receives light reflected from an encoded label surface at a zero angle of incidence.
- the present device provides a device for illuminating an elongated region.
- the device includes a light source and a reflector.
- the reflector has a first internal reflective elliptical surface defining a first focus and a first conjugate focus and a second internal reflective elliptical surface defining a second focus and a second conjugate focus.
- the first and second focus are located substantially in a single location, and the light source is located at the single location.
- At least a portion of the first internal reflective elliptical surface is separated a distance from the single location which is substantially the same as the distance separating a portion of the second internal reflective elliptical surface from the single location.
- the first conjugate focus is separated from the second conjugate focus a distance which is substantially equal to the height of the elongated region.
- the light source may be an elongate lamp, which may extend substantially parallel to and along the first and second focal points. If the focal points are focal axes, then the elongated lamp may extended along these axes, or may extend pe ⁇ endicular to these axes.
- the first conjugate focus, the second conjugate focus, and the first and second focuses are preferably located substantially parallel to and within a single plane, and the lamp preferably extends within the single plane.
- An optical reflection system may be located along the single plane between the first and second foci and the first and second conjugate foci, the optical deflection system designed to reflect light reflected from an object located in the elongate region to an optical scanning system.
- the optical reflection system preferably is a right angle prism.
- the present invention further provides a method of illuminating an object within an elongate region.
- the method involves the step of reflecting light from a light source located at an elliptical focus from a first internal reflective elliptical surface to a first conjugate focus and reflecting light from the same light source from a second internal reflective elliptical surface to a second conjugate focus, the first conjugate focus being separate from the second conjugate focus a distance which is substantially equal to the height of the elongated region.
- the object is then passed through the elongated region to illuminate the object.
- the present invention provides a reflector having a first internal reflective elliptical surface defining a first focus and a conjugate focus, and a second internal reflective elliptical surface defining a second focus and a second conjugate focus.
- the second and first focus are located substantially in a single location, and at least a portion of the first internal reflective elliptical surface is separated a distance from the single location which is substantially the same as the distance separating a portion of the second internal reflective elliptical surface from the single location.
- the first conjugate focus is separate from the second conjugate focus.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic of an over-the-belt optical scanning system incorporating the unsymmetrical elliptical reflector of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic of the optical scanning system of the optical system of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic of a prior art reflector showing an angle of incidence which is greater than zero.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic of an optical scanning system similar to that in Fig. 2, but incorporating a vertically oriented cylindrical lamp.
- Fig. 1 discloses an optical character recognition system 10 incorporating the present invention.
- the optical character recognition system 10 includes a conveyor 12 which carries packages 14 to be sorted by destination or group.
- the packages 14 may vary in size, shape, and height, and each includes an encoded label 16 having an encoded symbol 18, thereon.
- the encoded label 16 may be a bar code label, dense code label such as the MaxiCode symbology, or any other type of information label such as is well known in the art.
- An optical scanning system 20 is located over the conveyor 12 for scanning the encoded label 16.
- a processor 22 such as a computer, receives the information from the optical scanning system 20, and decodes the information carried by the encoded label 16 and effects a response to the information, such as is taught in Smith, et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,327,171 , inco ⁇ orated herein by reference.
- the encoded labels 16 are applied in conspicuous locations on the packages 14, and the packages are loaded onto the conveyor 12 such that the encoded label 16 will be viewable line-by-line by the optical scanning system 20.
- the packages 14 then continue along the conveyor 12, the characters on the encoded labels 16 are scanned by the optical scanning system 20, and the packages are ejected at a designated chute or conveyor, the particular ejection location being determined by the scanned data.
- the optical scanning system 20 includes an elongate, trough-shaped reflector 26.
- the reflector 26 includes a first elliptical reflector surface 27 attached along the upper vertex of its curvature to a second elliptical, reflector surface 29.
- the reflector surfaces 27, 29, define a common focal axes 30 extending horizontally, or substantially parallel to the carrying surface of the conveyor 12, and extending transversely across the width of the conveyor 12.
- the reflector surface 27 defines a second focal, or conjugate axes 32, spaced below the reflector.
- the reflector surface 29 defines a second focal, or conjugate axes 34.
- the reflector surfaces 27, 29 are unsymmetrical, and therefore have spaced apart conjugate focal axes 32, 34, the importance of which will be described in detail below.
- a smooth transition 36 occurs between the first reflector surface 27 and the second reflector surface 29, because the ellipses formed by the foci of the two reflector surfaces have the same curvature in their common upper vertex.
- An imaginary plane 38 extends vertically and preferably includes the common focal axes 30, the conjugate focal axes 32 of the first reflector surface 27, the conjugate focal axes 34 of the second reflector surface 29, and the transition 36.
- the reflector 26 has reflective surfaces 27, 29 which are located on opposite sides of and unsymmetrically about the plane 38.
- a light source such as an elongate lamp 40, is located at the common focal axes 30.
- the lamp 40 is preferably a high intensity lamp, such as a sodium vapor lamp having a cylindrical lamp envelope (not shown, but known in the art).
- the elongate lamp 40 is preferably positioned so that the longitudinal axes of the cylindrical glass envelope is supported coaxially with the common focal axes 30 of the elliptical reflector surfaces 27, 29.
- An elongate optical prism 42 is preferably located along the plane 38 between the common focal axes 30 and the conjugate focal axes 32,34.
- the optical prism 42 is preferably designed to direct the vertical component of the light reflected from the encoded label 16 into receiving optics 44 of the optical scanning system 20. The light travels through the receiving optics 44 into a camera which may include a charged coupled device (CCD) 46.
- CCD charged coupled device
- optical scanning system 20 The operation of the optical scanning system 20 is understood with reference to the above description.
- Light produced by the lamp 40 which is incident on the first elliptical reflector surface 27 is focused at that reflector surface's conjugate focal axes 32.
- light incident on the second elliptical reflector surface 29 is focused at that reflector surface's conjugate focal axes 34.
- the conjugate focal axes 34 of the second elliptical reflector surface 29 may be above or below the first reflector surface's conjugate focal axes 32, but, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, is located above the first reflector surface's conjugate focal axes 32.
- the light diverging from the conjugate focal axes 34 from the second reflector surface 29 combines with the light converging to the conjugate focal axes 32 of the first reflector surface 27 to provide a region 48 of high illumination between the two conjugate axes. It has been found that the described system produces an illumination region 48 in which there is twenty percent (20%) or less variation in illumination between the first and second conjugate focal axes 32, 34.
- Encoded labels 16 carried on packages 14 supported within the region 48 of high luminance will be illuminated at an intensity level sufficient to be properly scanned by the optical system 20.
- the region 48 of illumination may be properly sized such that it extends a range which is sufficient to illuminate encoded labels 16 on the shortest to the tallest of packages which are moving along the conveyor 12.
- the use of an elliptical reflector for shaping and transferring the light output from a power lamp is known, and is described in various publications including "High Intensity Light Line Using High Pressure Sodium Lamps", Harding and Bieringer, SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 1822 ( 1992), inco ⁇ orated herein by reference.
- unsymmetrical elliptical reflector surfaces may be chosen which meet each of the requirements of this invention and which create an optimal region 48 for the packages 14 being sorted.
- the length of the elliptical reflector 20 may be chosen such that the encoded labels 16 fall in the region 48, regardless of the location of the package on the conveyor 12.
- the prism 42 is preferably a right angle prism with a diffuse surface 50 and a specular surface 52.
- the shape and position of the optical prism 42 overcomes certain geometrical limitations presented by the prior art. As can be seen in Fig. 3, many prior art devices included a symmetrical reflector surface A providing a beam of light to a package surface B, which in turn is reflected at an incident angle D to a lens C of an optical system. Illuminance to the lens C decreases proportionately relative to the cosine of the incidence angle D. By using the right angle optical prism 42, the angle of incidence is zero, and the illuminance reaching the optical system is maximized. Moreover, illuminance decreases proportionately to the second power of the distance between the reflector A and the object surface B.
- the prism 42 permits the use of short-focused reflectors, placing the reflector closer to the encoded labels, and further increasing line brightness reflected to the optical system.
- the prism 42 is also advantageous over other types of reflectors in that the prism returns some light reflected from the encoded labels 16 to the reflector 26 making illumination returned to the reflector more even.
- Experiments with different light sources for the lamp 40 of the present invention in conjunction with the elliptical reflector surfaces 27, 29 demonstrate that different types of lamps develop different illumination patterns. The patterns depend upon the size of line filaments and other structural elements, such as the lamp envelope which shadows the emitted light.
- Metal halide lamps generally have cylindrical emitting surfaces which are shorter and of larger diameters compared to high pressure sodium lamps.
- the processor 22 described may be a general pu ⁇ ose programmable microprocessor of the type well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, such a processor 22 may be programmed by a programmer of ordinary skill to accept the inputs, perform the functions, and provide the outputs required for the operation of the present invention, given the description contained herein.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96943806A EP0868633B1 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination |
JP52297897A JP3411293B2 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Asymmetric elliptical reflector for space lighting |
CA 2240669 CA2240669C (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination |
AT96943806T ATE196540T1 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | ASYMMETRIC, ELLIPTICAL REFLECTOR FOR ROOM LIGHTING |
DE69610436T DE69610436T2 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | ASYMMETRIC, ELLIPTICAL REFLECTOR FOR ROOM LIGHTING |
DK96943806T DK0868633T3 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Asymmetric elliptical reflector for spatial lighting |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/574,956 | 1995-12-19 | ||
US08/574,956 US5791771A (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1995-12-19 | Unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997022833A1 true WO1997022833A1 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
Family
ID=24298320
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1996/020193 WO1997022833A1 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | Unsymmetrical elliptical reflector for spatial illumination |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5791771A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0868633B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3411293B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE196540T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69610436T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0868633T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2152576T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT868633E (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997022833A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11295603A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-29 | Minolta Co Ltd | Two-dimensional area oblique illumination system |
US6491414B2 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2002-12-10 | Thomas Sheng | Transparent film scanner having light source system with diffuser and reflector |
US6352349B1 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2002-03-05 | United Parcel Services Of America, Inc. | Illumination system for use in imaging moving articles |
DE102014105759A1 (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Sick Ag | Camera and method for detecting a moving stream of objects |
Citations (5)
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GB1566447A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1980-04-30 | Luederitz W | Reflectors |
DE3319562A1 (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1984-02-02 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh, Ddr 6900 Jena | Reflector system for illuminating optics |
DE3305347A1 (en) * | 1982-05-18 | 1984-08-23 | Westfälische Metall Industrie KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt | Vehicle headlamp |
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JPH02111936A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-04-24 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image reader |
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US1631610A (en) * | 1924-06-20 | 1927-06-07 | William H Wood | Lamp |
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DE2816325A1 (en) * | 1978-04-14 | 1979-10-18 | Computer Ges Konstanz | DEVICE FOR SCANNING PATTERNS WITH A REGULATED LIGHT SOURCE |
DE3218702A1 (en) * | 1982-05-18 | 1983-11-24 | Westfaelische Metall Industrie | VEHICLE HEADLIGHTS |
DE3340462C1 (en) * | 1983-11-09 | 1985-04-18 | Westfälische Metall Industrie KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt | Dimmed vehicle headlights |
JPS60118829A (en) * | 1983-11-30 | 1985-06-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Television camera provided with illuminating device |
US4877949A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1989-10-31 | Norand Corporation | Hand-held instant bar code reader system with automated focus based on distance measurements |
JP2683248B2 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1997-11-26 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Inspection method of colored periodic pattern |
JP2718510B2 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1998-02-25 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Inspection method of colored periodic pattern |
US5185822A (en) * | 1988-06-16 | 1993-02-09 | Asahi Kogaku Kogyo K.K. | Focusing structure in an information reading apparatus |
US5280161A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1994-01-18 | West Electric Company, Ltd. | Apparatus for optically reading a bar code |
JPH02190707A (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-26 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method and device for inspecting surface defect |
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US5325276A (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-06-28 | United Parcel Service Of America, Inc. | Lighting apparatus for the computer imaging of a surface |
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-
1995
- 1995-12-19 US US08/574,956 patent/US5791771A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-12-19 PT PT96943806T patent/PT868633E/en unknown
- 1996-12-19 EP EP96943806A patent/EP0868633B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-19 ES ES96943806T patent/ES2152576T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-19 DE DE69610436T patent/DE69610436T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-19 JP JP52297897A patent/JP3411293B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-19 DK DK96943806T patent/DK0868633T3/en active
- 1996-12-19 AT AT96943806T patent/ATE196540T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-19 WO PCT/US1996/020193 patent/WO1997022833A1/en active IP Right Grant
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GB1566447A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1980-04-30 | Luederitz W | Reflectors |
DE3305347A1 (en) * | 1982-05-18 | 1984-08-23 | Westfälische Metall Industrie KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt | Vehicle headlamp |
DE3319562A1 (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1984-02-02 | Jenoptik Jena Gmbh, Ddr 6900 Jena | Reflector system for illuminating optics |
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JPH02111936A (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1990-04-24 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image reader |
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Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 332 (P - 1077) 17 July 1990 (1990-07-17) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0868633A1 (en) | 1998-10-07 |
DE69610436D1 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
DK0868633T3 (en) | 2001-01-29 |
PT868633E (en) | 2001-03-30 |
JP3411293B2 (en) | 2003-05-26 |
ATE196540T1 (en) | 2000-10-15 |
US5791771A (en) | 1998-08-11 |
EP0868633B1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
ES2152576T3 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
DE69610436T2 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
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