WO1997040843A2 - Method of preventing gastrointestinal upset - Google Patents
Method of preventing gastrointestinal upset Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997040843A2 WO1997040843A2 PCT/US1997/006594 US9706594W WO9740843A2 WO 1997040843 A2 WO1997040843 A2 WO 1997040843A2 US 9706594 W US9706594 W US 9706594W WO 9740843 A2 WO9740843 A2 WO 9740843A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antacid
- meal
- acid
- symptoms
- placebo
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/06—Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
- A61K33/10—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/06—Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
- A61K33/08—Oxides; Hydroxides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of preventing symptoms of gastrointestinal distress, such as heartburn, sour stomach, acid indigestion and upset stomach, by the administration of antacid compositions prior to a meal provoking these symptoms.
- Gastric juice includes mucus, pepsinogen (the precursor of the digestive enzyme, Pepsin), and gastric acid in the form of hydrochloric acid.
- Gastric acid has a number of functions. It kills ingested bacteria, helps hydrolyze ingested protein, provides the correct pH in order for pepsin to start protein digestion, and stimulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice.
- Gastric acid secretion is regulated by both neural and humoral mechanisms. Factors that affect gastric secretion include the sight and smell of food; the presence of food in the mouth; and blood sugar levels.
- Gastric mucosal cells protect the stomach lining from damage that could be caused by gastric acid.
- the protective barrier ofthe gastric mucosa is not always adequate.
- Heartburn, sour stomach, upset stomach, and acid indigestion are well known to be associated with excess gastric acid and irritation ofthe gastric mucosa.
- OTC over-the-counter
- Many such antacids are now marketed, including Rolaids®, Mylanta®, Maalox® and Tums®. These antacids neutralize gastric acid. At usual doses, they can significantly raise gastric pH.
- antacids In addition to raising gastric pH, thereby reducing gastric irritation, antacids also inhibit the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin. Excess pepsin production, which is pH dependent, can damage the gastric mucosal barrier. By increasing the pH ofthe stomach, therefore, antacids disrupt two major factors damaging the gastric mucosa. A more detailed discussion of stomach physiology and the action of antacids may be found in Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs, 10th Ed., Antacid Products, Chapter 11 (1993).
- antacids may be cytoprotective.
- administration of antacids prior to ingesting alcohol or aspirin substances known to erode the gastromucosal barrier, has been shown to reduce gastric irritation.
- Hollander et al. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 21 (Suppl. 125) 151-153, 1986; Domschke et al., Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 21 (Suppl.
- a method of preventing gastrointestinal distress means relieving symptoms of gastrointestinal distress which could be reliably provoked by a particular meal.
- the objectives ofthe present invention are achieved by providing a method of preventing the symptoms of gastric distress such as heartburn, sour stomach, acid indigestion and upset stomach which are associated with excess gastric acid secretion.
- This method comprises ingesting a dose of an antacid before eating a meal known to produce symptoms associated with excess gastric acid secretion, in order to prevent the symptoms from occurring.
- the present invention is directed to a method of preventing or reducing gastrointestinal distress caused by consuming acid inducing foods, said method consisting of ingesting an antacid prior to eating a meal containing acid-inducing foods.
- the antacid is ingested up to about forty-five minutes before eating the acid-inducing meal. Most preferably, the antacid is ingested about five minutes before eating the acid-inducing meal.
- an antacid is defined as a basic compound that reacts with gastric acid to form a salt and water. Antacids therefore neutralize gastric acid. Any non-toxic compound satisfying this definition may be used in the method ofthis invention.
- Suitable antacids include, but are not limited to, those which have been recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as useful for the relief of heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion and upset stomach associated with these symptoms. These antacids are listed in 21 C.F.R. ⁇ 331, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the FDA recognizes several different categories of antacids, including aluminum-containing active ingredients; bicarbonate-containing active ingredients; bismuth-containing active ingredients; calcium-containing active ingredients; citrate-containing active ingredients; glycine; magnesium- containing active ingredients; dried milk solids; phosphate-containing active ingredients; potassium-containing active ingredients; sodium-containing active ingredients; silicates and tartrate-containing active ingredients.
- any antacid may be used. Those recognized as useful by the FDA are preferred. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are more preferred. Calcium carbonate is most preferred.
- OTC antacid labelling states a recommended dose. Due to differences in specific antacids and formulations, antacids can vary significantly in their ability to neutralize acid.
- the FDA evaluates antacids in terms of their acid neutralizing capacity ("ANC"). According to the FDA, an effective antacid must neutralize at least 5 mEq per dose and maintain a pH over 3.5 for 10 minutes in an in-vitro test. Antacids should be administered according to the mEq ANC, not by number of tablets or volume of liquid. In the present invention, dosage amounts and frequency will vary depending on the antacid. One of ordinary skill in the art would be able to select a dosage amount and frequency that would be pharmacologically effective to achieve the results of the claimed invention.
- the antacids usable in this invention can be formulated in a number of ways. Liquid suspensions and tablets are the most commonly used and available formulations for antacids. Other suitable formulations include lozenges, chewing gums with antacid coating, and effervescent tablets and powders to be dissolved in water. It is not believed that the dosage form ofthe antacid has any significant effect on its utility in the present method. Factors such as palatability and convenience should therefore dictate the selection of an appropriate antacid.
- Foodstuffs which provoke acid secretion and which cause the uncomfortable symptoms known as heartburn, sour stomach and upset stomach are well- known to physicians and individuals who usually suffer from these symptoms.
- Foods known to produce unpleasant gastrointestinal symptoms include, but are not limited to, green peppers, spices, spicy foods, such as pepperoni and chili, onions, garlic, tomatoes, orange juice and other citrus juices, coffee, tea, and pickled foods.
- the antacid contained 334 mg of dihydroxy aluminum sodium carbonate as the active ingredient. This corresponds to 9.3 mEq antacid per tablet.
- Half of the subjects received a two tablet dose ofthe test products 5 minutes before consuming the symptom-provoking meal and the other half immediately after the meal, before symptom occurrence.
- test meal was administered three times, at weekly intervals. With meal one (referred to above) no medication was given, with meal two, half the subjects received the antacid and the other half placebo and at meal three the subjects were crossed over to the other medication (i.e., subjects who previously received the antacid now received placebo and vice versa).
- a sodium free antacid, the regular antacid of Study I and a peppermint placebo were evaluated.
- the sodium free antacid contained 317 mg calcium carbonate and 64 mg of magnesium hydroxide as the active ingredients. This corresponds to about 8.5 mEq per antacid tablet.
- the regular antacid of Study I contained 334 mg dihydroxy aluminum sodium carbonate, corresponding to 9.3 mEq per antacid tablet.
- the percent of patients who were symptom free in each treatment group is presented in Table 9; the antacid and sodium free antacid each being compared to its respective crossover placebo. Both the antacid and the sodium free antacid provided greater than 90% protection from symptom occurrence.
- the sodium free antacid was significantly better than placebo in all measurements of efficacy.
- a t-test severity of the antacid and the sodium free antacid revealed no significant differences in any of the parameters measured.
- the mean severity of symptom scores and ranked onset times for placebo (peppermint) was compared to those ofthe placebo (peppermint free) from Study I.
- the antacid results were used as the covariate. There were no significant differences noted between the placebo treatments (Table 12).
- cherry antacid effectively prevents gastric symptoms when taken before a meal containing foods that ordinarily cause these symptoms.
- the antacid was administered five minutes before the start of the meal.
- the antacids may be a ⁇ ninistered up to 45 minutes before a meal and as late as at the start of a meal and still provide a prevention or a reduction in symptoms.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU35666/97A AU3566697A (en) | 1996-05-02 | 1997-04-29 | Method of preventing gastrointestinal upset |
CA002251854A CA2251854A1 (en) | 1996-05-02 | 1997-04-29 | Method of preventing gastrointestinal upset |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US1669696P | 1996-05-02 | 1996-05-02 | |
US60/016,696 | 1996-05-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997040843A2 true WO1997040843A2 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
WO1997040843A3 WO1997040843A3 (en) | 1997-12-18 |
Family
ID=21778457
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/006594 WO1997040843A2 (en) | 1996-05-02 | 1997-04-29 | Method of preventing gastrointestinal upset |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU3566697A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2251854A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997040843A2 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0465235A1 (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-01-08 | McNEIL-PPC, INC. | Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
US5229137A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-07-20 | Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. | Methods and pharmaceutical compositions for treating episodic heartburn |
WO1995001795A1 (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-01-19 | Merck & Co., Inc. | H2 antagonist-alginate-antacid combinations |
WO1995010290A1 (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-20 | Warner-Lambert Company | Antacid pharmaceutical composition |
WO1997023139A1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-03 | Tamer International, Ltd. | Method and composition for reducing coffee acidity |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02193926A (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-31 | Lion Corp | Gastrointestinal drug |
-
1997
- 1997-04-29 WO PCT/US1997/006594 patent/WO1997040843A2/en active Application Filing
- 1997-04-29 CA CA002251854A patent/CA2251854A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-29 AU AU35666/97A patent/AU3566697A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0465235A1 (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-01-08 | McNEIL-PPC, INC. | Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
US5229137A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-07-20 | Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. | Methods and pharmaceutical compositions for treating episodic heartburn |
WO1995001795A1 (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-01-19 | Merck & Co., Inc. | H2 antagonist-alginate-antacid combinations |
WO1995010290A1 (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-20 | Warner-Lambert Company | Antacid pharmaceutical composition |
WO1997023139A1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-03 | Tamer International, Ltd. | Method and composition for reducing coffee acidity |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
DATABASE MEDLINE DIALOG AN= 5091417, MEDLINE AN: 87265703, XP002043921 & BRAILSKI: "Treatment of duodenal ulcer with the Bulgarian preparation Gastralgin" VUTR. BOLES, vol. 26, no. 2, 1987, pages 79-82, * |
HOPERT: "Die Auswirkung einer Calciumcarbonat-Wismutsubsalicylat-Kombina tion auf die intragastrale Acidit{t im 24-Stunden-Verlauf" MED. KLIN. , vol. 84, no. 3, 15 March 1989, WEST GERMANY, pages 135-138, XP002043920 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 0, no. 0 & JP 02 193926 A (LION CORPORATION), 31 July 1990, * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2251854A1 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
AU3566697A (en) | 1997-11-19 |
WO1997040843A3 (en) | 1997-12-18 |
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