WO1998005604A1

WO1998005604A1 - Trade-compliant insulating material for use in the construction sector

Info

Publication number: WO1998005604A1
Application number: PCT/EP1997/004069
Authority: WO
Inventors: Eugeniusz Maderek
Original assignee: Akzo Nobel N.V.
Priority date: 1996-08-03
Filing date: 1997-07-26
Publication date: 1998-02-12

Abstract

The invention relates to building trade compliant thermal, phonic and/or hygric insulating material containing at least one insulating layer consisting of anorganic or organic insulants. At least one side of the insulating material is endowed with a functional waterproof layer, permeable to steam vapour. The functional layer is connected to the insulating material on at least one of its sides. The invention also relates to a method for the manufacture of the above-mentioned insulating material and a method enabling the avoidance of dust from mineral-fibre insulation material.

Description

description

Craftsmanship-grade insulation materials in construction

The invention relates to insulation materials suitable for handicrafts for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture in construction with at least one insulation layer which contains inorganic and / or organic insulation materials, a method for producing the same and a method for avoiding the dusting of mineral fiber insulation materials.

It has been shown that buildings are constantly exposed to a variety of external influences, such as. B. heat, frost, moisture and noise, in the event of fire also exposed to fire. These effects can cause damage to the structure, they can be annoying for the residents of these buildings and reduce the economic use of the buildings. It is therefore necessary to counteract these influences by taking suitable measures such as installing insulation, sealants or barrier materials.

When using inorganic fibrous insulating materials such as rock or slag wool, it can often be observed that these materials continuously lose fibers, fiber fragments or binder particles when they are placed in the space between the rafters. This dustiness behavior should be avoided, since changes in the bronchi, lymph nodes and parenchyma of the lungs, for example, can be observed with or without functional disorders due to the inhalation of these particles. The severity and progression depends on the type, amount and size of the fibroplastic irritant effect of the particles as well as on the duration of exposure and the individual resistance of the personnel laying the conventional insulation materials. The consequence of continual inhalation of these Particles or particles can be pneumoconiosis when working with conventional mineral fiber insulation materials for many years.

For example, the PCT / SE94 / 00750 proposes to bind the particles or the dust that is conventionally released in the mineral wool by simultaneously bringing the fibers into contact with a mixture of a binding oil and a binding agent during the production of the fibers are, wherein the mixture also contains an emulsifying agent, which facilitates and stabilizes the distribution of the binding oil in the binder. However, this method is costly simply because of the need to precisely control the addition of the mixture during fiber production because of the additional equipment required in production. In addition, this method makes it necessary to ensure that each fiber must be brought into contact with the mixture in order to prevent the release of external fibers from the fiber fabric from the outer layer and their subsequent release.

Apart from this, the use of the mixture makes it difficult to dispose of these insulating materials, since they have to contain additional chemicals such as emulsifying agents, binding oil and binding agents.

The teaching disclosed in EP-A 0 375 235 and EP-A 0 303 165 also tries to prevent the dusting behavior of the mineral fibers from insulation boards by spraying them with an aqueous dispersion of a binder in the hot state during the manufacturing process and then spraying them dried at elevated temperature, the binder containing a gelatinized starch sulfamate compound and a hydrophobizing agent. This method also requires precise monitoring of the production of the mineral fiber composition, since it is understandable that essentially all of the fibers of the mineral fiber insulation materials are to be brought into contact with the aqueous dispersion in order to avoid the dusting of fibers, especially from the outer walls of the mineral fiber insulation materials. Likewise, DE-OS 36 16454 does not continue in the matter, since an aqueous emulsion of a water-insoluble additive for insulating materials made of artificial mineral fibers is sprayed onto the insulating materials or the same is impregnated therewith, but the mineral fibers are reduced in that the fibers be sprayed with the aqueous emulsion before entering the collection chamber before pressing into sheets or felts. The conventional mineral insulation materials are water-repellent over their entire thickness due to the use of a hydrophobizing agent, but they are not waterproof. However, in order to avoid the fungal infestation of the insulation materials caused in particular by moisture, there is a need not for water repellency but for waterproofness.

It should also be ensured that water vapor or moisture can continue to penetrate the insulation material in order to avoid moisture nests that can cause fungal, bacterial or insect infestation.

The object of the present invention is to achieve the above-mentioned. Eliminate disadvantages of the prior art. The task is solved by the main claim and the subordinate claims. The subclaims relate to preferred embodiments and further developments of the invention.

The invention relates to insulation materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences in construction with at least one insulation layer which contains inorganic and / or organic insulation materials, which are characterized in that at least one waterproof, water vapor-permeable functional layer on at least one side of the insulation layer is arranged, wherein the functional layer is connected to at least one side of the insulation layer. Another object of the invention relates to a method for producing insulation material according to the invention for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture, which is characterized in that in step a) a dispersion and / or a solution with polymers on the insulation layer on a polyester base, preferably a copolyether ester base, a polyurethane base, and / or a polyether amide base, preferably a copolyether amide base, and / or the insulation layer is immersed in this dispersion or solution and the insulation layer is then dried in step b).

Another object of the invention relates to a method for preventing the dusting of mineral fiber insulation materials, which is characterized in that mineral fiber insulation materials after cutting or installation in the compartment at least once with a solution or a dispersion, which polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester, Contains polyurethane base, polyether amide base, preferably copolyether amide base, sprayed and / or brushed in step 1.

It can be observed that the insulation materials according to the invention as water-vapor-permeable but watertight thermal insulation optimized in terms of building physiology, due to their sufficient water-vapor permeability, allow the passage of air humidity from the interior to the outside in such an outstanding manner that, for example, moisture precipitation or moisture nests cannot be determined in the insulation materials according to the invention. Here, fungal, bacterial or insect infestation does not occur when using the insulation materials according to the invention due to their permanent ability to be watertight, in contrast to the prior art, in which the insulation panels are only impregnated with a water-repellent hydrophobizing agent, which it already has due to the lack of a uniform distributed self-contained layer lacks waterproof properties. In a further embodiment of the insulating material according to the invention, the functional layer is connected to the insulating layer via the material of the functional layer, which is sufficient to dispense with the addition of a conventional adhesive.

Due to the presence of the functional layer on at least one side of the insulation layer of the insulation material according to the invention, the dusting behavior conventionally observed from this side essentially does not occur, particularly in the case of mineral fiber insulation materials such as glass, stone or slag wool, but at least it is severely restricted . It is also advantageous if at least 2 sides of the insulation layer are connected to the functional layer. The design of the insulation material according to the invention is very particularly preferred, in which all sides of the insulation layer are connected to the functional layer. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the insulation layer of the insulation material according to the invention has the functional layer on each side, so that a virtually all-round sealing of the insulation layer of the insulation material according to the invention is made possible. Especially in this embodiment, the occurrence of the dust flight from fibers, fiber fragments and / or binder particles or other particles from the insulation layer is sufficiently suppressed.

It is also possible for the functional layer to be connected to the entire surface of at least one side of the insulation layer. For the purposes of the invention, full-area means that essentially all fibers of the surface of the insulating layer are connected to the functional layer. The functional layer can also be closed; Closed within the meaning of the invention means that when two sides of the insulating layer are connected to the functional layer, for example, the edge common to both sides is covered with the functional layer essentially in its entire area. Using the method according to the invention for producing insulation material, one can, for example, by dipping and / or spraying the edge with the dispersing agent. sion or solution achieve a sufficient application of the functional layer on the edge in question. Due to the all-round sealing of the insulation layer and the preferably closed nature of the functional layer of the insulation layer laminates according to the invention as one of the most preferred embodiments, it can be moved into the field without any significant dustiness without significant health concerns with regard to, for example, pneumoconiosis or can be effortlessly applied by hand - and processed. In addition, the functional layer can be arranged on the inside and / or the outside of the insulation layer of the insulation material according to the invention.

In the sense of the invention, the inside or outside is to be understood in terms of the inside, the side of the insulating material according to the invention facing the room, and in relation to the outside, the side of the insulating material according to the invention facing away from the room when installed.

Due to the generally simple and easy-to-handle installation of the insulation materials without high demands on manual skills, the task is often passed on from subcontractors to assistants who are not aware of the dangers of the occurrence of pneumoconiosis, for example. In addition, insulation materials are often used by everyone in the do-it-yourself process, preferably when expanding the attic apartment or when reinforcing the insulation of the interior and exterior walls. This group of users is also frequently and regularly not aware of the health hazards that traditional insulation materials, particularly fibrous inorganic ones, tend to pose. The insulation materials according to the invention meet these circumstances insofar as the insulation materials can now be laid in the form of plates, sheets, mats or felts without substantial release of fibers or fiber fragments or binder particles, a factor that is becoming increasingly important in times of increasing attention health care and disease prevention. In a further embodiment of the insulation material according to the invention, the inorganic insulation material of the insulation layer can be porous or fibrous insulation material. Expandable mica (vermiculite), expanded perlite or foam glass are suitable as porous insulation materials. Fibrous insulation materials can be mineral fiber insulation materials or vegetable fiber insulation materials. The mineral fiber insulation materials are insulation materials made of artificial mineral fibers that, for. B. from a silicate melt such as glass, rock, or slag melt or a ceramic melt, which may be designed with or without fiber bonding.

The insulation materials according to the invention with a functional layer with a layer thickness of preferably 0.2 to 100 μm, preferably 1 to 10 μm, can be produced in the form of plates, felts or mats, wherein plates or felts can be provided with or without a coating. As an additional coating, because of the water vapor permeability, porous color coating or paper coating on the side of the insulation layer without a functional layer are suitable. In the production of the insulation materials according to the invention in the form of mats, these can be provided with or without binders and / or lubricants; it is also possible if these are designed with or without a carrier material such as corrugated cardboard or nonwoven. Likewise, the insulating materials according to the invention can be shaped to form pipes and molded.

In addition, it is advantageous if, in the case of the use of mineral fiber insulation materials in the insulation material according to the invention, these can also be treated water-repellent over the entire thickness - hydrophobic - an embodiment which is particularly suitable for use in ventilated facades; However, in order to ensure sufficient permanent watertightness, this insulating layer containing mineral fiber insulation materials can be provided with the functional layer on all or all sides. In contrast to the prior art, it is consequently not necessary in the production of the insulation materials according to the invention that the continuous production process of the insulation materials, such as the production of the fibers in the nozzle blowing, centrifugal or nozzle pulling process, with subsequent pressing of the fibers into sheets or mats, is costly to interrupt , by additionally using at least one further step, namely spraying the fibers and drying them before pressing them with an impregnating agent or an emulsion. Rather, the insulation materials according to the invention can be produced continuously with a subsequent application of the functional layer after the pressing.

In the method according to the invention for the production of insulation materials for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture, in which a dispersion or solution with polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester base, polyurethane base, and / or polyether amide base, preferably copolyether amide base, is applied or is coated, application or coating in the sense of the invention means any type of providing the insulation layer with the functional layer, such as spraying, brushing, rolling, spraying, brushing, pressing, pouring, dipping, painting, foaming, painting, etc .; as a result, sufficient bond and strength between the functional layer and the insulation layer - preferably without the addition of an adhesive in the dispersion or solution - is already achieved. B. roll mats from the insulation materials according to the invention in the compartment still sufficient elasticity with constant shape stability is guaranteed.

In addition, in the method according to the invention for the production of insulation material for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture, the insulation layer can be dispersed or dissolved with polymers on a polyester base, preferably a copolyether ester base, a polyurethane base, and / or a polyether amide base, preferably a copolyether amide base, soaked and soaked, soaking is not to be understood as meaning complete wetting or wetting of the entire insulating layer, but rather only one relating to the surface area of the insulating layer. The person skilled in the art can find the composition of the dispersion or the solution, for example, in EP-A 0665259, to which reference is expressly made. It is also of particular advantage if the polymers are uncrosslinked. Likewise, in a further embodiment of the insulation material according to the invention, the functional layer can have an extensibility of at least in one direction of 20 to 500%, preferably 50 to 200%, in order to also avoid the risk of cracking of the functional layer applied to the insulating layer, which is caused by excessive molding stress during the process Processing of the same can occur in a satisfactory manner.

The drying step of the insulation layer of the above-mentioned method according to the invention for the production of insulation material for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture follows the application, coating or impregnation; the drying step can be carried out by e.g. Heating of the insulation layer - called so-called active drying - or, for example, by evaporation of the portion which is liquid in the dispersion and / or solution - so-called passive drying.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing insulating material for insulating against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture, the insulating layer can be pretreated with water before step a). Pretreatment with water is of particular advantage, since otherwise, when the mineral insulation materials come into contact with the dispersion or solution, they can penetrate into the depth of the insulation layer, but often the outer or surface fibers only insufficiently or not at all with the dispersion or Solution are wetted; on Disadvantage that is particularly evident with hydrophobic mineral fibers or insulation materials. The pretreatment therefore surprisingly also enables wetting of the outer and / or surface mineral fibers with the dispersion or solution. Here you can see that any qualities of water such as tap water or industrial water, eg industrial water, are suitable for pretreating the insulation layer. The pretreatment with water allows the dispersion or solution with polymers, for example applied in step a), to be distributed well. The dispersion or solution with polymers can be distributed, for example, with the aid of brushes, squeegees, brushes, etc. The pretreatment with water and the subsequent treatment, such as application, immersion of the insulation layer with the dispersion or the solution, make it possible to adequately homogenize the distribution of the dispersion or solution. In addition, after drying as step b), the functional layer on the insulation layer or that which has penetrated onto and into the insulation layer is distinguished by a high elasticity, with layer thicknesses of the functional layer of less than 10 μm due to the good leveling and distribution of the dispersion or solution Shift are reachable.

Instead of the pretreatment with water or in addition, the insulation layer can be pretreated with a solution which contains at least one surfactant before applying and / or immersing it in the dispersion or the solution with polymers. The solution contains surfactants known to the person skilled in the art, such as synthetic, organic surface-active substances, for example anionic, cationic ampholytic and / or nonionic. The pretreatment advantageously further increases the wetting of the mineral fibers on the surface and inside the insulation layer with the dispersion or solution with polymers in step a), in particular if there are larger or deep gaps in the insulation material during the production of the insulation material . Pretreatment in the sense of the invention is to be understood to mean any kind of providing the insulation layer with the functional layer, such as spraying, brushing, Spraying, brushing, pouring, dipping, painting, foaming, painting, etc.

The functional layer can contain polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester, polyurethane, and / or polyether amide, preferably copolyether, or a microporous functional layer. The functional layer can comprise polymers based on cellulose, sulfonic acid-modified terephthalate derivatives, hydrophilically modified polyesters, in particular sulfonic acid-modified polyesters, polyoxymethylene derivatives and / or polyvinyl alcohols.

The functional layer preferably has polymers which are copolyether esters which are derived from longer-chain polyglycols, short-chain glycols with 2 to 4 carbon atoms and dicarboxylic acids. The polymers can be copolyether esters which consist of a multiplicity of recurring intralinear long-chain and short-chain ester units which are linked statistically via ester bonds head to tail, the long-chain ester units of the formula

- 0 - G - O - C - R - C -

and the short chain ester units of the formula

0 0 n II

- 0 - D - O - C - R - C - correspond, in which G represents a divalent radical which remains after the removal of terminal hydroxyl groups from at least one long-chain glycol having an average molecular weight of 600 to 6000 and an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2.0 and 4.3, at least 20 wt. % of the long chain glycol has an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2.0 and 2.4 and make up 15 to 50% by weight of the copolyetherester, R represents a divalent radical which, after the removal of carboxyl groups from at least one dicarboxylic acid, has a molecular weight of less remains as 300, and D represents a divalent residue remaining after removal of hydroxyl groups from at least one diol having a molecular weight of less than 250, with at least 80 mole percent of the dicarboxylic acid used from terephthalic acid or its ester-forming equivalents and at least 80 mole percent of the diol with the little M molecular weight consists of 1,4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents, the sum of the molar percentages of dicarboxylic acid which is not terephthalic acid or its ester-forming equivalents and the diol with a low molecular weight which is not 1,4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents, is at most 20% and the short-chain ester units are 40-80% by weight of the copolyetherester.

Advantageously, the polymers can also be wholly or partly copolyether esters in which at least 70 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid used is 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester-forming equivalents and in which at least 70 mol% of the diol used has a small molecular weight of 1.4 Butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents and the sum of the molar percentages of dicarboxylic acid which is not 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester-forming equivalent and diol with a small molecular weight which is not 1,4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalent, is at most 30% and the ester units with short chains make up 35 to 80% by weight of the copolyetherester. It is also possible if the polymers are copolyether esters, in which those consist of a large number of recurring intralinear ones there are long-chain and short-chain ester units which are statistically linked head to tail via ester bonds, the long-chain ester units of the formula

- 0 - G - O - C R - c -

and the short chain ester units of the formula

- 0 - D - O - C - R - C -

where G represents a divalent radical which remains after the removal of terminal hydroxyl groups from at least one long-chain glycol with an average molecular weight of 600 to 4,000 and an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2 and 4.3, at least 20% by weight of the long-chain glycol have an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2.0 and 2.4 and make up 15 to 50% by weight of the copolyetherester, R represents a divalent radical which, after the removal of carboxyl groups from at least one dicarboxylic acid, has a molecular weight of less than 300 remains and D represents a divalent radical which remains after removal of hydroxyl groups from at least one diol having a molecular weight of less than 250, where at least 70 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid used consists of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester-forming equivalents and at least 70 mol % of the diol with the small molecular weight consists of 1, 4 butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents and the sum of the mol% of the dicarboxylic acid, which is not 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester-forming equivalents, and the diol with a small molecular weight, which is not 1, 4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents is at most 30% and the ester units with short chains are 35 to 80% by weight of the copolyetherester.

In contrast to conventional insulation materials, it is not only possible with a lower occurrence of e.g. Pneumoconiosis when laying, trimming after many years of activity, but also to be expected, so that the allergic reactions of the skin often occurring due to the epithelial penetration of fibers, which are at least perceived as unpleasant side effects of working with conventional insulation materials, are becoming less and less occur.

Apart from this, the service life of the insulation layer of the insulation material according to the invention is increased, since the so-called local caking of the fibers of the insulation layer with one another is eliminated due to the occurrence of moisture or moisture nests, so that extensive, permanent insulation such as insulation, sealing or blocking against temperature or sound is eliminated due to the constant structure of the insulation layer.

In a further embodiment of the insulation materials according to the invention, phenolic resin (PF), polystyrene (PS), or polyurethane (PU) rigid foams of the open or closed-pore type can be used as organic insulation materials. If organic insulation materials are used in the insulation material materials according to the invention, those made from mineral-bound wood wool, wood fiber layers or cork insulation materials are advantageous. Foam glass can be understood to mean, for example, a closed-cell insulation material which has been foamed in the factory from silicate glass by adding blowing agents.

In addition, it is possible that the above-mentioned polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester, polyurethane base, and / or polyether amide, preferably copolyether amide based dispersion or solution, which on the cut sides of the tailored inventive appropriate insulation materials is applied, and the insulation materials are arranged in particular before the drying of the dispersion or solution, so that the joint tightness between abutting, for example, insulation panels made of the insulation materials according to the invention is further increased and the risk of dusting is additionally reduced. Likewise, if desired, the dispersion or solution can contain a conventional adhesive component.

By means of the method according to the invention for producing insulation materials, it is also possible, after cutting the insulation materials according to the invention, to spray the cut sides with a dispersion or a solution in a step 1, for example which polymers are based on polyester, preferably copolyetherester, polyurethane, and / or polyetheramide, preferably contains copolyether amide base. By spraying, the fibers, which are, so to speak, not bonded to the fiber fabric or not positively connected, are sufficiently fastened so that the dust cannot be observed. Especially when cutting conventional insulation materials, the cutting process often loosens fibers on the cut side and, if not during laying, they are loosened over time by the action of wind and temperature and, under certain circumstances, released into the occupied interior space by cracks and joints.

Likewise, the cut sides of the insulating material can be pretreated with a solution containing at least one surfactant before step 1, ie before spraying or brushing with the dispersion or the solution with polymers. The solution contains surfactants known to the person skilled in the art, such as synthetic, organic surface-active substances, for example anionic, cationic ampholytic and / or nonionic. The cut sides can preferably be pretreated with a solution in the form of a foam solution of the wide-pore type. The pretreatment advantageously results in wetting of the mineral fibers on or in the cracks and gaps formed by cutting the insulating material Cut sides essentially allows. For the purposes of the invention, pretreatment means any kind of providing the insulation layer with the functional layer, such as spraying, brushing, spraying, brushing, pouring, dipping, painting, foaming, painting, etc. When selecting suitable surfactants attention is paid to coordination with the hydrophobization carried out in the insulation material in a manner familiar to the person skilled in the art; for example, the pretreatment should preferably not be carried out with surfactant concentrations or amounts at which mineral oils or hydrophobizing components would be emulsified.

By providing the insulating layer of the insulating material according to the invention with the waterproof, water vapor-permeable functional layer, the mobility desired during the laying is retained, the connection of the functional layer with the insulating layer also resulting in an increase in the contour strength and dimensional stability of the material to be laid, so that the inventive one Insulation materials enable a high level of user friendliness.

The method according to the invention thereby enables the fibers to be fixed quickly on the cut side of the insulating materials. In addition, even in the case of a seal, this cut side remains permeable to water vapor, in order, for example, to ensure the passage of moisture to the outside when using rafters that are damp with construction.

In the process according to the invention for the production of insulating material for insulating against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture, the mineral fibers produced by the centrifugal process, jet blowing process or jet drawing process, for example, can be used in a plate machine to press fiber webs between perforated metal strips in the form of plates, felts or mats for example while still hot with a dispersion or solution containing polyester-based polymers, preferably copolyetherester base, polyurethane base, or polyether amide base, preferably containing copolyether amide base, are sprayed on. In order to accelerate the drying process, subsequent drying and curing of the plates, felts or mats with hot air is possible, but not mandatory, since, depending on the requirements, the speed of production, for example, allows dispersions with a higher or lower water content to be used.

For example, it is possible for the polymers to be homogeneous, single-phase, in a solvent which is well known to the person skilled in the art, with the tiniest part volumes of the solution also being able to have a similar composition. If a dispersion is used, disperse systems of two or more immiscible liquids can be used, one of the liquid phases being the dispersant in which the other phase is distributed in the form of fine droplets. Macro or micro emulsions are possible. Conventional, such as continuous or discontinuous emulsification, alternating emulsification, inverse processes, etc. can be used as the method for producing emulsions.

For example, copolyether ester-based polymers derived from longer-chain polyglycols, short-chain glycols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and dicarboxylic acids can be prepared in the form of a dispersion in accordance with EP-A 0665 259, to which reference is expressly made here.

So it is also possible to apply suspensions with polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester, polyurethane, polyether amide, preferably copolyether amide, with the stability of the suspensions being conventionally added by adding suspension aids such as surface-active substances, which act as dispersants and sedimentation inhibitors act, can increase. Suspensions may also contain cellulose-based polymers, sulfonic acid-modified terephalate derivatives, hydrophilically modified polyesters, in particular sulfonic acid-modified polyesters, polyoxymethylene derivatives and / or polyvinyl alcohols.

If a microporous functional layer is used, this can include polymers such as polyolefins, polyethylene-polypropylene copolymers, polyethylene terephthalates, polycaprolactam, polyvinylidene fluoride, polybutylene terephthalates, polyester copolymers and / or polytetrafluoroethylene.

Likewise, the method according to the invention leads to the prevention of the dusting of mineral fiber insulation materials such as glass fiber insulation materials, the mineral fiber insulation materials being cut or installed in the compartment at least once with a solution or a dispersion, which polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester base, polyurethane base, polyether amide base , preferably copolyether amide base, contains, coated, for example sprayed or applied with a brush, roller or the like. Sufficient avoidance of the fiber flight and the dusting of the premises can thereby be achieved.

embodiments

In the manufacture of the glass fibers by the jet blowing process, the mineral fibers produced are sprayed in a conventional manner, inter alia, with a water repellent and the moist fiber web is pressed into sheets in a plate machine between two perforated metal strips to a thickness of 150 mm. After the plates have dried, they are brushed repeatedly with air and air-dried in a water-acetone dispersion, using polymers which comprise copolyether esters, which are derived from longer-chain polyglycols, short-chain glycols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and dicarboxylic acids. In a control test, a plate remains untreated. The applied functional layer has a layer thickness of approx. 2.0 μm. The functional layer is applied on all sides.

Both when compressing the board (pressure test) from the insulating laminate according to the invention in the transverse direction and when the surface is slightly roughened with the cutting edge of a knife (stripping test), hardly any fiber fly or dust can be observed with the naked eye even with visual inspection. In contrast to this, in the control test it is already evident that there is a violent release of fibers when the conventional plate is compressed in the transverse direction and when the surface is roughened with a knife.

In a further comparison test, the panel is cut off on one side from the insulating laminate according to the invention and the cut side with the above-mentioned. Brush the dispersion three times. The conventional panel, which was also cut off on one side, already shows clear fiber flight during the pressure test, whereas the panel treated with dispersion made from the insulating laminate according to the invention is distinguished by a substantially lower, barely noticeable fiber flight.

A mineral wool board produced in accordance with EP-A 0 303 165 and treated with impregnating agent also has a far more significant fiber flight in the pressure test and in the stripping test compared to the above-mentioned tests with the board made from the insulating laminate according to the invention.

The results show impressively that the conventional methods for avoiding dust as well as the conventional insulation boards are not able to significantly prevent the release of fibers or fiber fragments; this is partly due to the fact that the use of impregnation or surface treatment agents according to EP-A 0 303 165, the spraying on of binding sleeves according to PCT / SE94 / 00750 or the spraying with aqueous emulsions of a water-insoluble additive according to DE-OS 36 16454 the we - not significantly influence the parameters causing the release of the fibers, such as fiber density, fiber structure and fiber fineness, so that no dusting occurs. On the other hand, the solution to the problem on which the invention is based leads entirely in another direction, namely to leave the consistency of the fibers and the fiber fabric irrelevant in the production process, and rather to coat the insulating layers at least on one side or even on more than one side after completion of the production process to seal.

Because the dust is essentially prevented when the insulation materials according to the invention are laid, the release of fibers and fiber fragments from the cut side after cutting the insulation materials according to the invention by spraying and the sufficient mobility of the insulation materials according to the invention despite the coating of the insulation layer with the functional layer is not only maintain their easy handling but also the incidence of work-related diseases such as pneumoconiosis, skin irritation, etc., which is not infrequently reduced, so that the insulation materials according to the invention enable craft-oriented processing for both the working personnel and the handyman, advantages which in their Combination are to be regarded as unexpected for the expert.

Claims

Insulation materials suitable for the trade in construction

1. Insulation materials for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture in construction with at least one insulation layer which contains inorganic and / or organic insulation materials, characterized in that at least one waterproof, water vapor-permeable functional layer is arranged on at least one side of the insulation layer, wherein the functional layer is connected to at least one side of the insulation layer.

2. insulation materials for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to claim 1, characterized in that the

The functional layer has been connected via the material of the functional layer.

3. insulation materials for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the functional layer is connected to the inside and / or the outside of the insulation layer.

4. Insulation materials for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least 2 sides of the insulation layer are connected to the functional layer.

5. insulation materials for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to claim 4, characterized in that all sides of the insulation layer are connected to the functional layer.

6. Dämmstoffmateriaiien for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences is characterized according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized _¬ marked in that the functional layer having at least one layer side of the insulating _¬ is connected over the entire surface.

7. insulation materials for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the functional layer is closed.

8. Insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the functional layer has an extensibility of at least in one direction of 20 to 500%, preferably 50 to 200%.

9. Dämmstoffmateriaiien for insulation against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to any one of claims 1 to 8, marked in characterized _¬ characterized in that the functional layer contains polymers on polyester base, preferably a copolyether ester, polyurethane basis, polyetheramide basis, preferably Copolyetheramidgrundlage, or a microporous functional layer includes.

10. Insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to claim 9, characterized in that the polymers are uncrosslinked.

11. Insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the insulating materials are designed in the form of plates, mats or felts or as raw materials.

12. Insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the insulating layer is coated with the polymers.

13. Insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the functional layer has a layer thickness of 0.2 - 100 microns, preferably 1 to 10 microns.

14. Insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the polymers are copolyether esters derived from longer-chain polyglycols, short-chain glycols with 2 to 4 carbon atoms and dicarboxylic acids.

15. Insulating materials for insulating against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the polymers are copolyether esters which consist of a large number of recurring intralearic long-chain and short-chain ester units which are statistically headed via ester linkages are linked to the tail, the long-chain ester units of the formula 0 0

II II

- 0 - G - O - C - R - C -

and the short chain ester units of the formula

0 0

II II

- 0 - D - O - C - R - C -

correspond, in which G represents a divalent radical which remains after the removal of terminal hydroxyl groups from at least one long-chain glycol having an average molecular weight of 600 to 6,000 and an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2.0 and 4.3, with at least 20 wt .% of the long-chain glycol have an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2.0 and 2.4 and make up 15 to 50% by weight of the copolyetherester, R represents a divalent radical which, after the removal of carboxyl groups from at least one dicarboxylic acid, has a molecular weight of less than 300 remains, and D represents a divalent residue remaining after removal of hydroxyl groups from at least one diol having a molecular weight of less than 250, with at least 80 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid used from terephthalic acid or its ester-forming equivalents and at least 80 mol% of Diols with the little M molecular weight consist of 1,4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents, the sum of the molar percentages of dicarboxylic acid, which is not terephthalic acid or its ester-forming equivalents, and the diol with a small molecular weight, which is not 1,4-butane-diol or its ester-forming equivalents represents a maximum of 20% carries and the short-chain ester units are 40-80% by weight of the copolyetherester.

16, insulating materials for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the polymers are wholly or partly copolyether esters, wherein at least 70 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid used is 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or their ester-forming equivalents and in which at least 70 mol% of the diol used with a small molecular weight is 1,4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents and the sum of the molar percentages of the dicarboxylic acid which do not form 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester Equivalents and the diol with a small molecular weight, which is not 1, 4-butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents, is at most 30% and the ester units with short chains make up 35 to 80% by weight of the copolyetherester.

17. Insulating materials for insulating against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the polymers are copolyether esters, wherein the consist of a large number of recurring intralinear long-chain and short-chain ester units, which are statistically about ester bonds Are linked head to tail, the long-chain ester units of the formula

- 0 - G - 0 - C - R - C -

and the short chain ester units of the formula - 0 - D - O - C - R - C -

where G represents a divalent radical which remains after the removal of terminal hydroxyl groups from at least one long-chain glycol with an average molecular weight of 600 to 4,000 and an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2 and 4.3, at least 20% by weight of the long-chain glycol have an atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen between 2.0 and 2.4 and make up 15 to 50% by weight of the copolyetherester, R represents a divalent radical which, after the removal of carboxyl groups from at least one dicarboxylic acid, has a molecular weight of less than 300 remains and D represents a divalent radical which remains after removal of hydroxyl groups from at least one diol having a molecular weight of less than 250, where at least 70 mol% of the dicarboxylic acid used consists of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester-forming equivalents and at least 70 mol % of the diol with the small molecular weight consists of 1, 4 butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents and the sum of the mol% of the dicarboxylic acid, which is not 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or its ester-forming equivalents, and the diol with a small molecular weight, which is not 1, 4- Butanediol or its ester-forming equivalents is at most 30% and the ester units with short chains are 35 to 80% by weight of the copolyetherester.

18. A method for producing insulating material for insulating against temperature, sound and / or moisture influences according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that in step a) a dispersion or a solution with polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester base, on the insulating layer , Polyurethane base, and / or rolyether amide base, preferably copolyether amide base, applied is and / or the insulation layer is immersed in the same and then in step b) the insulation layer is dried.

19. A method for producing insulation material for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture according to claim 18, characterized in that the insulation layer is pretreated with water before step a).

20. A method for producing insulation material for insulation against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that before step a) the insulation layer is pretreated with a solution containing at least one surfactant.

21. A method for producing insulating material for insulating against the effects of temperature, sound and / or moisture according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that an emulsion, aerosol or suspension is used as the dispersion.

22. A method for preventing the dusting of mineral fiber insulation materials, characterized in that the mineral fiber insulation materials after cutting or installation in the compartment at least once with a solution or a dispersion, which are polymers based on polyester, preferably copolyether ester, polyurethane, polyether amide, preferably copolyether amide , contains, be coated in step 1.

23. A method for preventing the dusting of mineral fiber insulation materials according to claim 22, characterized in that before step 1, the mineral fiber insulation materials are pretreated with a solution containing at least one surfactant.