WO1998018339A1

WO1998018339A1 - Chewing gum composition and process for the production thereof

Info

Publication number: WO1998018339A1
Application number: PCT/JP1997/003973
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hideki Aoki; Marehito Aoki
Original assignee: Hideki Aoki; Marehito Aoki
Priority date: 1996-10-31
Filing date: 1997-10-31
Publication date: 1998-05-07
Also published as: CN1235519A; AU4726497A; CN1086917C; JP3911526B2

Abstract

A chewing gum composition which comprises a gum base, bone minerals, and at least either of tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite and which is effective in enhancing bone strength, strenghtening tooth substance, whitening teeth and so on; and a process for the production thereof.

Description

Description Chewing gum composition and method for producing the same

The present invention relates to a chewing gum composition and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a chewing gum composition which is safe and effective for whitening teeth, enhancing tooth quality, preventing bad breath and the like while supplementing calcium, and a method for producing the same. Background art

Conventionally, a large number of nutritional supplements for feeding calcium, chungum, have been marketed.

In these conventional dietary supplements for supplementing calcium, various calcium salts such as inorganic calcium salts such as calcium carbonate and organic calcium salts such as calcium citrate, calcium malate and calcium lactate are used as a calcium source. .

As an inorganic calcium salt, calcium carbonate is used relatively frequently, but when dissolved in stomach acid, it produces carbon dioxide and strong alkali lime. This quicklime is immediately neutralized by acid in the stomach to form a salt such as calcium chloride. However, if ingested in large amounts, the quicklime remaining unneutralized may cause the pH in the stomach to rise excessively. Organic calcium salts such as calcium citrate, calcium malate, calcium lactate, etc. have good absorbency but low content of calcium per unit weight. In addition, all of the above substances conventionally used are for calcium supplementation alone.

On the other hand, the substance that constitutes the inorganic components of the human skeleton and teeth consists of a calcium phosphate compound called apatite (bone apatite) composed of calcium, phosphorus, and water. Therefore, it is considered reasonable to supplement with a substance containing calcium and phosphorus at the same time, rather than supplementing with calcium alone, in order to strengthen tooth quality and increase bone strength. Furthermore, in recent times, diversification of lifestyles has led to an increase in demand for functional foods containing various types of nutrients that can be easily ingested.

Under these circumstances, there has been a demand for the development of a multifunctional dietary supplement that is effective in strengthening teeth and increasing bone strength.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a chewing gum composition as a functional food which is capable of safely supplementing calcium, and at the same time, is effective for strengthening teeth, increasing bone strength, and whitening teeth. It is in.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the above chewing gum composition.

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, have solved the above-mentioned problems by including bone mineral, at least one of tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite in a gum base. The inventor has found that the present invention can be obtained, and based on this, has completed the present invention. Disclosure of the invention

That is, the present invention relates to a chewing gum composition characterized in that the gum base contains bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate and z or hydroxyapatite.

Further, the present invention provides a chewing gum production method comprising (I) a gum base production step, and (II) a step of adding and adding an ingredient to the gum base and forming and processing the same, wherein the bone mineral, tricalcium phosphate and The present invention relates to a method for producing a chewing gum composition, characterized in that it contains a hydroxyapatite. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The chewing gum composition of the present invention contains bone mineral, tricalcium phosphate and Z or hydroxyapatite in a gum base.

Here, bone mineral refers to vertebrate bones such as sea urchins, bush, chickens, and various fishes that are chemically treated or heat-treated to remove organic substances and contain substantially only inorganic substances. It means what you have. Generally, when bones of animals and fish are dried to remove water, about 70% by weight of a substance called bone apatite containing phosphorus, potassium, and trace metal elements, and about 30% by weight of organic substances mainly composed of collagen Powder. Bone mineral refers to a powder obtained by removing the latter organic substance from the powder and extracting only bone abate containing trace metal elements. These bone minerals are preferable because they contain trace amounts of metals useful in human organisms, such as magnesium, stodium, iron, manganese, and zinc.

Animal bones used to obtain bone minerals are not particularly limited, but they are characterized by the ease of processing, the uniformity of the calcium and phosphorus composition, and the availability of stable supplies. Therefore, those derived from fish are preferred. Fish include, for example, bonito, tuna, eso, cod, etc., but among them, mass production has already been established as a food additive, with little impurities and uniform composition (Cadiformes). Bone from the origin (cod bone), tuna, bonito and the like are preferred. Specific examples of cod include Madara, Alaska pollack, Sokodara, Chigodara and the like. The composition ratio of calcium and phosphorus (CaZP) in cod bone is 1.67, which is very similar to that in human bone.

As an example of a method for producing bone mineral, for example, a bone mineral using cod can be obtained by the following method.

In other words, the cod is heated, and the middle bone from which the fish meat has been removed is treated with an autoclave at a high temperature (around 120 ° C) and at a high pressure (about 2 atm or less) with hot water, and then treated with protease. A biochemical treatment such as a protein degradation treatment is performed, and a heat treatment is further performed to remove organic substances and to extract white bone apatite containing trace metal elements. Fish bones such as cod bones are small and fine, so biochemical treatment is weak. In addition, since there is little fat, organic substances are completely removed by heat treatment at a low temperature of 800 ° C or less, and bone apatite with high whiteness, which is less likely to be gray due to incomplete firing, can be obtained. There are few impurities. This bone apatite is classified as a food additive into calcined fish bone powder, calcined bone calcium powder and the like.

Another essential component in the present invention, tricalcium phosphate _{_{[C a 3 (P 0 4)}} 2 ], one of hydroxyapatite _{[C a 1 () (P 0} 4) 6 (OH) 2 ] 1 or more Above. All of these are safe and have high biocompatibility because the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is the same as or close to that of human bone. These tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyamate can be synthesized and produced by a known method. In the present invention, tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite are preferably amorphous rather than crystalline. In general, an amorphous material has a regular three-dimensional arrangement of atoms (the size of crystallites; almost the same as the size of primary particles in ceramics) is less than 200 nm (0.2 m). Is the name given to the substance. It is well known that calcium phosphate, such as hydroxyapatite, adsorbs proteins such as plaque, lipids, sugars, etc., especially when the specific surface area is large, it removes plaque that leads to whitening of teeth, It is effective for remineralization which leads to quality enhancement. Powder particle size of hydroxyapatite Ya tricalcium phosphate is found using the present invention in the following amorphous 1 / m, preferably in the range specific surface area of about 1 0~ 1 0 O m ^2, to disperse additives In this case, it is desirable that the fine particles have a secondary particle diameter of 50 or less.

Bone apatite (bone mineral) and hydroxyapatite are different in composition and are distinguished. Pure hydroxyapatite is represented by _{_{C a 1 0 (P 0 4}} ) 6 (OH) 2. On the other hand, bone apatite is a type of carbonated hydroxyapatite in which the phosphate group of pure hydroxyapatite is substituted with 1 to 3% of carbonic acid groups (mineral name: darite). High solubility. Bone apatite has less calcium than pure hydroxyapatite, and is replaced by atoms such as hydrogen, magnesium, and sodium, and is called calcium-deficient apatite (h). Furthermore, some of the hydroxyl groups are replaced by carbonic acid groups, chlorine atoms, fluorine atoms, etc. Those in which all of the hydroxyl groups are replaced by chlorine atoms are called chloroapatite, and those in which they are replaced by fluorine atoms are called fluorapatite. The “bone mineral” of the present invention includes those in which part or all of these hydroxyl groups are substituted with other atoms or the like.

In the present invention, the total amount of the bone mineral, the calcium phosphate and / or the hydroxyapatite is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 4 to 10% by weight in the chewing gum composition. %. If the amount is too small, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient effect of the present invention. As a result, there is a risk of causing an adverse effect of excessive calcium, and the texture becomes inferior. The mixing ratio (weight ratio) of bone mineral: (tricalcium phosphate and / or hydroxyapatite) is preferably 10:;! To 1:10, more preferably 7: 3 to 3: 7 However, calcium phosphates such as tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite alone do not contain minerals that increase bone strength. Bone minerals vary considerably in impurities and whiteness depending on the type of animal or fish, and when added to food, have a considerable effect on the appearance and the like.

If one chewing gum weighs 3 g, and bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate and / or hydroxyapatite are added in a total weight of 20% by weight, the weight becomes 0.60 g (= 60 O mg). On the other hand, about 40% by weight of bone mineral, tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite is calcium. Thus, 60 O mg of bone mineral and calcium phosphate contain 24 O mg of calcium. More than 50% by weight of this calcium amount is adsorbed and left on the gum base, and usually less than 50% by weight enters the oral cavity. Therefore, the amount of calcium that can be consumed from one chewing gum is less than 12 O mg. This is 1/5 to 1777 of the daily calcium required by adults, 600 to 800: 11. Excessive calcium intake is considered safe and appropriate as the amount of calcium consumed by a single chewing gum because of the concern of over-neutralizing stomach acid and promoting the formation of pathological stones such as urinary stones.

In addition, the chewing gum composition of the present invention may optionally contain additional components that can be usually contained in the chewing gum composition as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Further, the effects of the present invention can be further enhanced by blending, for example, vitamin C, vitamin D, dextranase, and the like.

As described above, by consuming the chewing gum of the present invention, appropriate calcium and mineral can be replenished, and plaque control leading to whitening of teeth and remineralization leading to strengthening of teeth can be simultaneously performed. In other words, the chewing gum of the present invention has a combined effect of preventing osteoporosis, promoting the development of teeth and jawbones, and whitening and strengthening teeth.

Furthermore, for example, when calcium is contained in drinking water, etc. In addition, it absorbs a large amount of calcium, causing a rapid neutralization of stomach acid, which may increase the load on the stomach. In contrast to chewing gum, it is considered safer and more effective to take calcium into the stomach with saliva little by little over time like chewing gum.

The method for producing a chewing gum composition of the present invention includes a step of producing a gum base, a step of adding an additive component to the gum base, and forming and processing the same.

In the gum base manufacturing process, first, a natural resin, which is usually used for a gum base, is washed with water using a stirrer (stirrer), then heated and then dehydrated. The heating temperature is about 110 to 13 o ° c, and the dehydration is performed for about 10 to 15 hours. Next, the dehydrated natural resin and the desired gum base material are sequentially charged into the heated kneader. Mix and dissolve them at about 110 to 130 ° C for 3 to 5 hours until uniform. In the present invention, this gum base contains bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate and Z or hydroxyapatite.

Next, the gum base thus obtained is formed and processed. First, mix the gum base and other optional ingredients (such as sugars) in a mixer. For example, when adding saccharides, usually, 1 to 2 of the compounding amount is added, kneaded for about 10 minutes, and then the remaining saccharides and a softener are added. The mixture is stirred for 30 to 40 minutes and finally the flavor is added, stirred for 1 to 2 minutes and removed. The finishing temperature of the gum is preferably about 40 to 60 ° C. This gum is put into an extruder and extruded into a strip with a thickness of 20 to 40 mm and a width of 400 to 47 mm, and then rolled while dusting the powdered sugar on the front and back surfaces. Through to a sheet of 1.5-2.5 mm thickness. This is cut into a desired size, aged and then packaged to obtain a chewing gum composition.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example

A chewing gum having the composition (% by weight) shown in Table 1 below was produced by a conventional method. The average particle size of the used tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (1 Secondary particle diameter) was about 0.2 m.

Example 1

The whiteness of the cod bone mineral, bone mineral, tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite was measured using a chromaticity difference meter, which was 96.0, 90.0, 97.0, and 97.5, respectively. . Hydroxyapatite had the highest whiteness, and bone bone mineral was the lowest, at 90.0, and was gray. The whiteness of cod bone mineral was 96.0, which was quite high.

Example 2

Five 60-week-old Wistar rats weighing around 160 ± 10 g at 5 weeks of age were divided into 12 groups of 5 rats each.

Each group was orally administered 1 g of each of the powders of the samples shown in Table 1 twice a day for 5 weeks. After administration, the load at the start of fracture (MP, megapascal), which shows a significant difference in femoral bone strength, was measured using a 3-point bending strength tester for all rats. It was measured. Table 2 shows the results of calculating the bone augmentation rate by converting the control (sample 1) to 100.

Table 2

As is evident from the results in Table 2, an increase in bone augmentation was observed in all rats administered with a calcium source such as cod bone mineral as compared to Sample 1 (control). In addition, the addition of tricalcium phosphate or hydrated xiapatite to cod bone mineral can increase the bone augmentation rate from 7.7% to 15.4%, as seen in Samples 3 and 7, for example. all right. In particular, from Samples 5 and 8, the addition of 20% by weight of the mixture of evening bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate significantly increased the bone strengthening rate compared to the addition of only 20% by weight of cod bone. You can see that he is doing. Some effects of vitamin D were also observed.

Example 3

Ten adults were divided into two groups of five, and one group received chewing gum of sample 3 and the other group chewing gum of sample 7, 3 to 5 each day. Each piece (3 g per piece) was allowed to stand for 5 to 15 minutes each time, and the amount of calcium and the like eluted into the oral cavity and the amount of plaque attached were examined.

That is, each of the prepared chewing gums is heated at 800 to 100 ° C. to remove organic substances, and the remaining (residual) is replaced with bone mineral and calcium phosphate (tricalcium phosphate, (Hydroxyapatite), the weight was measured each time, and the amount of calcium and the like eluted into the oral cavity was calculated from the weight loss. As a result, the weight loss due to elution of calcium and the like was 5 to 50% by weight. For the group of sample 7, 3 g each contains 8% by weight of cod bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate, so one sheet contains 24 mg of cod bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate. include. Of which calcium is 40% by weight, 96 mg. Furthermore, since 5 to 50% by weight of them elute into the oral cavity, 4.8 to 48 mg of calcium and the like are taken into the body per chewing gum. This is 0.6 to 6%, assuming that the adult's daily calcium requirement is 80 Omg. For 3 to 5 chewing gums, it is about 1.8 to 30%. This is a reasonable intake, and there is no fear of overdose of calcium even if a large amount of chewing gum is consumed.

The plaque adhesion rate was examined in five stages by gargle with neutral red (red staining solution) before and after chewing gum. As a result, it was found that the adhesion ratio of plaque was reduced by one to two ranks in Sample 7 as compared to Sample 3.

When the reduction in plaque adhesion rate of the chewing gum of Sample 12 was examined in the same manner as described above, it was more effective than that of Sample 7.

Industrial applicability

As described above, the chewing gum composition of the present invention enables not only calcium supplementation but also remineralization and plaque control, which lead to strengthening of the tooth, at the same time. This helps prevent osteoporosis, promotes the development of teeth and jaw bones, and also helps strengthen and whiten teeth.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A chewing gum composition characterized in that the gum base contains bone mineral and tricalcium phosphate and / or hydroxyapatite.

2. The chewing gum composition of claim 1, wherein the bone mineral is derived from fish bone.

3. The chewing gum composition according to claim 2, wherein the fish bone is at least one selected from cod bone, bonito bone, and tuna bone.

4. The chewing gum composition according to claim 3, wherein the fish bone is cod bone.

5. The chewing gum composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition contains bone mineral, tricalcium phosphate and hydroxy or hydroxyapatite in a total amount of the chewing gum composition of 20 to 20% by weight.

6. The chewing gum according to claim 1, wherein the bone mineral is mixed with tricalcium phosphate and / or hydroxyabite in a ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10 (weight ratio). Composition.

7. A method for producing a gum base, comprising: (I) a gum base production step; and (II) a step of forming and processing an additive component to the gum base, wherein bone mineral, tricalcium phosphate and A method for producing a chewing gum composition, comprising Z or hydroxyapatite.