WO1998020321A1 - Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe - Google Patents
Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998020321A1 WO1998020321A1 PCT/US1997/020922 US9720922W WO9820321A1 WO 1998020321 A1 WO1998020321 A1 WO 1998020321A1 US 9720922 W US9720922 W US 9720922W WO 9820321 A1 WO9820321 A1 WO 9820321A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- chamber
- optical
- probe according
- sensor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
- G01N21/474—Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
- G01N21/8507—Probe photometers, i.e. with optical measuring part dipped into fluid sample
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0118—Apparatus with remote processing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe for measuring backscattered light from a liquid, solid or gas medium.
- the measured backscattered light signal or spectral signature from a medium is analyzed to estimate the constituents or chemical composition of the medium.
- the probe is scalable in size for both large-scale and small-scale applications.
- the present invention relates to a scalable, non-contact, optical backscatter insertion probe for measuring backscattered EME from a liquid, solid or gas medium.
- the medium to be measured is backlit such that the EME source does not touch the medium. Photons upwelling from the medium are backscattered into an optical chamber. A sensor is positioned at the top of the inner chamber and does not touch the medium.
- Anon-contact optical backscatter insertion probe includes an outer chamber, an EME source positioned w hin the outer chamber for emitting photons towards or into the medium to be analyzed, and an inner chamber positioned within the outer chamber.
- the inner chamber has a very high reflectance outer surface to maximize photons emitted by the EME source that enter the medium.
- the probe also includes a sensor positioned within the inner chamber.
- the inner surface of the inner chamber has extremely low or high reflectance for receiving backscattered photons from the medium. The use of a low or high reflectance coating allows for a broader range of applications.
- the inner chamber provides or channels the backscattered photons emitted from the medium to the sensor.
- a data link provides signals output by the sensor to a signal processor for processing the signals generated by the sensor.
- the sensor can be a single or multi- wavelength detector.
- a method for measuring the optical backscatter or coefficient of backscatter from a medium to be analyzed includes the steps of (a) providing an EME source positioned within an outer chamber of an optical backscatter probe to emit photons towards a medium to be analyzed; (b) providing a sensor positioned within an inner chamber of the optical backscatter probe to receive backscattered photons from the medium wherein the inner chamber provides the backscattered photons emitted from the medium to the sensor, and (c) processing signals output by the sensor.
- the present invention provides a probe of relatively simple design which is easy to construct, scalable for use in numerous applications, resistant to corrosive activity caused by exposure to the medium to be analyzed and the surrounding environment, and measures EME backscattering substantially simultaneously to the emission of light into the medium.
- Figure 1 provides an illustration of a scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe according to the present invention.
- Figures 2, 3 A, 3B, and 4 provide examples of the results of analyses of the data obtained by a probe according to the present invention as used to measure water having varying constituent concentrations.
- Figure 1 provides an illustration of a scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe according to the present invention.
- the probe comprises an outer optical chamber 101, an inner optical chamber 102, a scalable and movable light table 103 having a number of EME sources 104 positioned thereon, an optional mounting collar or bracket 105, a sensor 106, and a processor 107.
- the outer optical chamber 101 may have a cylindrical shape as shown in Figure 1 or other shapes as are suitable for the applications for which the probe is utilized.
- the outer optical chamber may be made of a metal such as aluminum, pvc-type plastic, a hardened fiber-resin, teflon type plastic, or other suitable materials.
- the outside wall of the chamber may be coated with an antifouling paint or other anti-corrosive material, or metal substrate.
- the inner wall of the chamber is coated with a high reflective coating.
- the inner optical chamber 102 may have cylindrical shape as shown in Figure or other shapes as are suitable for the applications for which the probe is used.
- the inner optical chamber 102 may be made of a metal, plastic, fiber resin, or other suitable materials.
- the outer surface of the inner optical chamber is highly reflective to insure that photons (EME) emitted by the light source 104 do not enter the inner optical chamber directly, but instead enter the inner optical chamber only when backscattered from the medium to be analyzed.
- the inner surface of the inner optical chamber is coated for highly absorbing EME for most applications and may also be baffled to prevent side-scatter of photons off the walls of the inner chamber to insure that only direct backscattered photons (EME) reach the sensor 106.
- the inner surface of the inner optical chamber 102 may be a highly reflective surface, e.g., a diffuse reflector, to eliminate any polarization effects of jthe upwelled light which may adversely affect the sensor's measurement of backscattered EME.
- the coatings can be any special paint or coating made of an emulsified powder, such as barium sulfate or other dark substrate such as carbon black or a mixture coating with carbon black. The coating, whether high or low reflective, should have a nearly diffuse lambertion reflectance.
- the diameter of the inner optical chamber 102 is usually determined by the field of view (FOV) of the sensor 106. Generally, for liquid measurement applications, the diameter of the inner chamber is equal to or on the same order of size as the FOV.
- the length of the outer optical chamber 101 is generally equal to or greater than the length of the inner optical chamber 102. For example, if the medium to be analyzed is a liquid, the inner optical chamber 102 is positioned below the surface of the liquid to eliminate surface reflectance such that only subsurface backscattered light is collected by the sensor. The outer optical chamber 101 is also inserted into the medium and extends beyond the depth of the inner optical chamber 102 as illustrated in Figure 1.
- X represents the depth of the inner optical chamber 102 below the surface of the medium 108 and Y represents the depth of the outer optical chamber 101 below the surface of the medium such that X ⁇ Y.
- the preferred relative positioning of the inner and outer optical chambers when the medium is a solid or gas is generally equal to one another. However, if X ⁇ Y for a solid, the surface reflectance or surface backscattering is included in the measured backscattered light by the probe.
- the lengths of the inner and outer chambers and the effective diameter of the inner and outer chambers are scalable in dimensions. However, the inner chamber diameter must be less than the outer chamber diameter.
- the light table 103 is also scalable to fit the dimensions of the outer optical chamber 101 and the inner chamber 102.
- the light table 103 is also movable along and within the outer optical chamber 101 to adjust the distance between the EME sources 104 and the medium to be analyzed as desired.
- the light table 103 has one or more EME sources 104 positioned thereon.
- the EME source(s) 104 may be, for example, laser(s), LED(s) or broad band light (e.g., halogen quartz or tungsten) sources.
- the sensor 106 may be a commercially available monochrometer, spectrograph, multi- wavelength linear diode array (LDA), charge coupled device (CCD) or charge induced device (CID) type sensor, any multi-wavelength spectral sensor, silicon diodes or similar light sensitive sensor.
- LDA low- wavelength linear diode array
- CCD charge coupled device
- CID charge induced device
- the sensor 106 is a multi-wavelength linear diode array sensor with high radiometric, spectral and temporal resolution mounted as a solid state camera head.
- the senor 106 may be an analog or digital camera, photo-multiplier tube (P.M.T.) or similar device, and the EME source 104 may be a laser, thus resolving fluorescence backscatter emission of the medium.
- P.M.T. photo-multiplier tube
- the EME source 104 may be a laser, thus resolving fluorescence backscatter emission of the medium.
- Data collected by the sensor 106 is provided to a remote processor via a hardwired or wireless data or signal link as are well-known in the art.
- the processor 107 receives data collected by the sensor 106 and processes the received data according to the particular analysis to be performed. For example, the data from the sensor may be analyzed by the processor 107 using optimal passive or active correlation spectroscopy techniques.
- the processor may also include one or more storage devices (not shown) for storing the received sensor data and the results of the data analysis.
- a processor for use in the present invention may be, for example, an analog to digital converter integrated with a commercially available original equipment manufacturer (OEM) computer.
- OEM original equipment manufacturer
- the scalable, non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe according to the present invention may also be used to measure reflectance and other optical characteristics of the medium as desired.
- EME 110 is emitted by EME sources 104 on light table 103.
- the emitted EME enters the medium to be analyzed as represented by arrows 111.
- Some of the EME 111 in the medium is backscattered by the medium or constituents in the medium.
- a portion 112 of the backscattered EME is collected by the inner optical chamber 102 and directed to the sensor 106.
- the sensor 106 generates signals in response to the received EME 112 and provides these signals to processor 107 for processing.
- the determination of chemical concentrations of constituents in a liquid medium using a non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe according to the present invention may be accomplished through the use of a multiple wavelength inversion methodology which is derived from radiative transfer theory, i.e., basic differential equations which describe the two-flow nature of EME within a liquid medium and the water-air interface.
- This analysis may combine a first, second or higher order derivative or inflection analysis of the optical signatures for optimal band detection followed by inversion techniques using solutions to differential equations which conduct an energy balance on the medium within a specified portion of the EM spectrum (e.g. , a specified channel or waveband).
- the analysis technique may utilize solely derivative spectroscopy. Components of complex mixtures may also be determined through application of eigenvalue analysis of the optical signature of backscattered light. When a high degree of precision is required with chemicals with similar optical backscatter characteristics, optical clean up techniques can be used for signature analysis.
- Figures 2 through 4 Examples of measured relationships between the measured backscattered EME spectrum and the chemical composition of a liquid medium are illustrated in Figures 2 through 4. These figures demonstrate the applicability of the probe to provide data sufficient to determine chemical or constituent concentrations in water ranging from clear water to highly turbid waters such as typical wastewater or industrial process streams or water.
- Figure 2 illustrates the variations in backscattered EME collected from different types of marine waters - from highly turbid fresh water (201) to cleaner, near-coastal waters (202).
- Figures 3A and 3B illustrate the relationship between the concentration of total suspended matter (seston) in a complex water sample from an estuarine environment and a measure of the optical inflection (non-linear derivative estimator).
- concentration of total suspended matter (seston) in a complex water sample from an estuarine environment and a measure of the optical inflection (non-linear derivative estimator).
- the signatures of light intensity of subsurface backscattered light measured from the probe normalized to the EME impinging from the light table can be analyzed to predict the constituents in water as well as selection of the optimal wavelengths to use for detection or monitoring a medium.
- Figure 4 illustrates the relationship between the concentration of chlorophyll and a measure of the optical inflection (at a different location in the spectrum than shown in Figures 3 A and 3B).
- This graph illustrates the technique of measuring subsurface backscattered light that can be used to measure pigments in a liquid medium using the sensor, processor, scalable probe, and analysis procedures described above.
- the non-contact scalable optical backscatter insertion probe according to the present invention is suited to numerous commercial applications, such as measurement of concentration of various materials in water, such as wastewater, and process slurries. Given a specified waste or process stream, the probe according to the present invention may be custom designed (scaled) for the application. The probe may also be integrated into a processing plant's computer system to provide information on the contents of wastewater, process slurries and other media on a continual basis and to create a continuous record of the concentration of substances in the media.
- the scalable probe may also be made much smaller, e.g., on the order of size as a fiber optic cable (nominally . ⁇ .0.1cm) or the size of a test tube or similar optical cell.
- a fiber optic cable nominally . ⁇ .0.1cm
- the probe can also be used to measure liquid substrates or a gas placed in or flowing through a test tube or sample cell, with the probe being inserted into the top of the tube or cell.
- the probe according to the present invention may be used for the analysis of bloods, pharmaceuticals, serums, chemical concentrates, gases, etc.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002269620A CA2269620C (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1997-11-04 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
GB9909929A GB2334098B (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1997-11-04 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
AU52020/98A AU5202098A (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1997-11-04 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
HK00100841A HK1022014A1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2000-02-11 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/743,789 US5751424A (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1996-11-05 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
US08/743,789 | 1996-11-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998020321A1 true WO1998020321A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
Family
ID=24990189
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/020922 WO1998020321A1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1997-11-04 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
PCT/US1997/019910 WO1998022792A2 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1997-11-05 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/019910 WO1998022792A2 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 1997-11-05 | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5751424A (en) |
AU (2) | AU5202098A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2269620C (en) |
GB (1) | GB2334098B (en) |
HK (1) | HK1022014A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO1998020321A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016085447A1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Backscattering spectrometry for determining a concentration of solids in a solids-laden fluid |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5980755A (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-11-09 | Rg, Delaware, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for monitoring a filter bed by differential pressure |
US6346983B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2002-02-12 | Aleksandr L. Yufa | Methods and wireless communicating particle counting and measuring apparatus |
US6519032B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2003-02-11 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Fiber optic apparatus and use thereof in combinatorial material science |
AUPP365298A0 (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 1998-06-11 | Elan Group Ltd | An optical apparatus |
ATE288584T1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2005-02-15 | Siemens Plc | DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE COLOR AND TURBIDITY OF WATER USING A SINGLE DETECTOR |
US6958816B1 (en) | 2001-10-05 | 2005-10-25 | Research Foundation Of The University Of Central Florida | Microrheology methods and systems using low-coherence dynamic light scattering |
DE10215411A1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-23 | Roger Marschaleck | Method and device for separating and cleaning condensate |
US7880881B2 (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2011-02-01 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Method of improving cheese quality |
US7892584B2 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2011-02-22 | University College Dublin, National University Of Ireland | Online, continuous sensor and method for curd moisture content control in cheese making |
WO2009109981A2 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-11 | Darshan Pant Priya | Ultra-portable wireless atomic optical emission spectrometers for use in elemental analysis of various conducting metals and their alloys |
ES2375386B1 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-09-27 | Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. | PORTABLE REFLECTOMETER AND METHOD OF CHARACTERIZATION OF MIRRORS OF THERMOSOLAR POWER STATIONS. |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022534A (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1977-05-10 | Kollmorgen Corporation | Reflectometer optical system |
US4707134A (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1987-11-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Fiber optic probe |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1373715A (en) * | 1972-01-20 | 1974-11-13 | Redifon Ltd | Optical systems |
GB1452945A (en) * | 1973-10-08 | 1976-10-20 | Partech Electronics Ltd | Apparatus for monitoring suspended particles in a liquid |
US4006988A (en) * | 1975-03-26 | 1977-02-08 | Tamm Per Henric Sebastian | Photo-electric depth or turbidity meter for fluid suspensions |
DE2728717C2 (en) * | 1977-06-25 | 1983-11-10 | Pfister Gmbh, 8900 Augsburg | Method and device for the non-contact determination of quality features of a test object of the meat product category, in particular a carcass or parts thereof |
JPS5489749A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-07-17 | Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd | Lighting optical system of endoscope |
NL8600209A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1987-08-17 | Tno | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE QUANTITY OF DISPERSED SOLID MATERIAL IN A LIQUID. |
JPS6350044U (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-04-05 | ||
US4983040A (en) * | 1988-11-04 | 1991-01-08 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Light scattering and spectroscopic detector |
GB9005021D0 (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1990-05-02 | Alfa Laval Sharples Ltd | Turbidity measurement |
GB9014015D0 (en) * | 1990-06-23 | 1990-08-15 | Dennis Peter N J | Improvements in or relating to smoke detectors |
US5208465A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-05-04 | Ispra - Israel Product Research Company Ltd. | Automatic detection system of oil spillage into sea waters |
JPH07103944A (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1995-04-21 | Tomoe Kogyo Kk | Concentration measuring apparatus |
FR2712985B1 (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1996-01-26 | Oreal | Colorimetric measuring head, and method for determining the internal color of a non-opaque material. |
US5625459A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1997-04-29 | Galileo Electro-Optics Corporation | Diffuse reflectance probe |
-
1996
- 1996-11-05 US US08/743,789 patent/US5751424A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-11-04 AU AU52020/98A patent/AU5202098A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-04 CA CA002269620A patent/CA2269620C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-04 WO PCT/US1997/020922 patent/WO1998020321A1/en active Application Filing
- 1997-11-04 GB GB9909929A patent/GB2334098B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-05 WO PCT/US1997/019910 patent/WO1998022792A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-05 AU AU51615/98A patent/AU5161598A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-11 HK HK00100841A patent/HK1022014A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022534A (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1977-05-10 | Kollmorgen Corporation | Reflectometer optical system |
US4707134A (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1987-11-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Fiber optic probe |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016085447A1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Backscattering spectrometry for determining a concentration of solids in a solids-laden fluid |
GB2547564A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-08-23 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Backscattering spectrometry for determining a concentration of solids in a solids-laden fluid |
US10024778B2 (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2018-07-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Backscattering spectrometry for determining a concentration of solids in a solids-laden fluid |
GB2547564B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2020-10-28 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Backscattering spectrometry for determining a concentration of solids in a solids-laden fluid |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998022792A2 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
GB2334098B (en) | 2000-10-18 |
CA2269620A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
HK1022014A1 (en) | 2000-07-21 |
US5751424A (en) | 1998-05-12 |
AU5161598A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
GB2334098A (en) | 1999-08-11 |
AU5202098A (en) | 1998-05-29 |
CA2269620C (en) | 2003-07-08 |
GB9909929D0 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7154595B2 (en) | Cavity enhanced optical detector | |
Sullivan et al. | Measuring optical backscattering in water | |
AU2013252845B2 (en) | Imaging systems for optical computing devices | |
Bacon et al. | Miniature spectroscopic instrumentation: applications to biology and chemistry | |
US9013698B2 (en) | Imaging systems for optical computing devices | |
JP4933271B2 (en) | Handheld device with a disposable element for chemical analysis of multiple specimens | |
US5751424A (en) | Scalable non-contact optical backscatter insertion probe | |
CN1971267B (en) | Wave-guide coupling surface plasma resonance biosensor | |
Ray et al. | Ultraviolet mini-Raman lidar for stand-off, in situ identification of chemical surface contaminants | |
EP0855591A2 (en) | Improvements in or relating to sensors | |
EP1384988B1 (en) | IR analysis system | |
CZ200519A3 (en) | Spectroscopy of surface plasmons for sensors with surface plasmons and element for making the same | |
Gilerson et al. | Retrieval of chlorophyll fluorescence from reflectance spectra through polarization discrimination: modeling and experiments | |
Sedlacek III et al. | Short-range noncontact detection of surface contamination using Raman lidar | |
USRE41682E1 (en) | Apparatus and method for direct measurement of absorption and scattering coefficients in situ | |
Brennan et al. | Development of a micro-spectrometer system for process control application | |
US6329660B1 (en) | Method of deriving sunlight induced fluorescence from radiance measurements and devices for executing the method | |
US5926270A (en) | System and method for the remote detection of organic material in ice in situ | |
Higdon et al. | Laser interrogation of surface agents (LISA) for chemical agent reconnaissance | |
KR101170853B1 (en) | A handheld device with a disposable element for chemical analysis of multiple analytes | |
CN101008609A (en) | Optical waveguide biological detecting device | |
Arellano et al. | Portfolio of Measurement, Processing, and Analysis Techniques for Optical Oceanography Data | |
Premasiri et al. | Surface enhanced Raman detection of CW agents in water using gold sol gel substrates | |
AU784061B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for rapid particle identification utilizing scattered light histograms | |
Liu | Fiber-Optic Probes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN YU ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2269620 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2269620 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: GB Ref document number: 9909929 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |