WO1998042431A1 - Method for eliminating noxious matter present in low concentration - Google Patents

Method for eliminating noxious matter present in low concentration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998042431A1
WO1998042431A1 PCT/EP1998/001642 EP9801642W WO9842431A1 WO 1998042431 A1 WO1998042431 A1 WO 1998042431A1 EP 9801642 W EP9801642 W EP 9801642W WO 9842431 A1 WO9842431 A1 WO 9842431A1
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Prior art keywords
moving bed
exhaust gas
carrier material
sorbent
gas
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PCT/EP1998/001642
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen Seipenbusch
Urban Cleve
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L. & C. Steinmüller Gmbh
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Publication of WO1998042431A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998042431A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B01D53/08—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds according to the "moving bed" method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/302—Dimensions
    • B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064—Chlorine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40077—Direction of flow
    • B01D2259/40081—Counter-current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for removing pollutants present in low concentration, in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons and possibly heavy metals, from exhaust gases.
  • an inert carrier material is understood to mean a material which is inert or inactive with regard to the separation of pollutants present in low concentration, in particular organic pollutants and heavy metals.
  • the coarse-grained carrier material outside the moving bed is coated with the carbon-containing sorbent dust and only then introduced into the moving bed. This requires a special coating step.
  • the exhaust gas through a moving bed moving from top to bottom of coarse-grained carrier material is passed through and the carrier material located in the moving bed is coated with a carbon-containing sorbent dust.
  • the coating is thus carried out in the moving bed itself.
  • lime chippings, gravel or the like can be used as the carrier material, but also carbon-containing sorbents, which themselves have more or less good adsorption properties for the pollutants to be separated, such as .
  • B. cottage coke, hearth coke or activated carbon powdered metallurgical coke, hearth furnace coke (HOK), shaped active coke (FAK) or activated carbon can be used as the sorbent dust itself.
  • a coating of the carrier material in the moving bed is achieved in a particularly simple manner if the exhaust gas flows across the moving bed and sorbent dust is mixed into the exhaust gas before it enters the moving bed.
  • the moving bed filled with a suitable grain size acts as a deep bed filter for separating the pulverized carbon-containing sorbent dust, which has an active layer on the grains of the support material for the adsorptive separation of organic pollutants and heavy metals forms.
  • the outer surface of this active layer is considerably larger than that of the carrier material grains, although the carrier material grains themselves are only slightly enlarged by the active layer formed on them. Studies have shown that the activities relating to the adsorptive separation of organic pollutants and heavy metals depend almost linearly on the outer surface of the adsorbent.
  • the part of the pulverized carbon-containing sorbent that does not adhere to the carrier material grains on the upstream side of the moving bed is transported further into the moving bed.
  • the depth of penetration of the sorbent into the moving bed can thus be adapted according to the separation task to be solved for the pollutants mentioned.
  • sorbent dust or powder is only admixed to that part of the total exhaust gas stream which enters an upper region of the moving bed.
  • the sorbent powder or dust is thus fed to the part of the moving bed that is loaded with fresh carrier material.
  • the exhaust gas flows transversely through the moving bed and sorbent dust is added to the moving bed in the upper region of the moving bed on the gas inlet side of the moving bed.
  • the sorbent dust or powder is brought together with the freshly introduced carrier material.
  • the pulverized sorbent is then mixed in during the common, downward traveling movement of the carrier material and the powder, the blind sheets preferably provided on the entry side of the moving bed taking on the function of mixing elements.
  • the invention also relates to a device for exhaust gas purification according to claim 8.
  • Fig. 1 is a procedure in which pulverized adsorbent is added to the exhaust gas to be cleaned before entering the gas inlet space of the cleaning reactor
  • Fig. 2 shows a process in which the powdered adsorbent is added to the upper region of the gas entry space of the reactor
  • Fig. 3 shows a process in which the powdered adsorbent is added to the moving bed in the vicinity of the entrance blind.
  • FIG. 1 shows a moving bed reactor 1 in which two vertically oriented moving beds 2 and 3 are provided.
  • the moving beds 2 and 3 are delimited to a gas entry space 4 by entry blinds 2a and 3a and to an associated gas entry space 5 and 6 by exit blinds 2b and 3b.
  • the moving beds 2 and 3 are fed from above via lines 7 and 8 with a coarse-grained carrier material T.
  • the carrier material is withdrawn continuously or discontinuously via lines 9 and 10 at the lower end of the moving beds and fed to a screening device 11.
  • the sieve passage is withdrawn via line 12, while the excess screen is returned via line 13 to moving beds 2 and 3.
  • Carrier material T is added via line 14.
  • Exhaust gas A supplied via line 15 is applied to the gas inlet space and pulverized sorbent S is mixed into line 15 via line 16.
  • the mixture of exhaust gas A and sorbent dust S enters the moving beds through the inlet blinds 2a and 3a and coats the grains of the carrier material.
  • the penetration depth of the adsorbent into the traveling layers 2 and 3 can be adjusted by the amount of the sorbent dust S added at 16.
  • the cleaned gas is withdrawn from the gas outlet chambers 5 and 6 via lines 17 and 18 as clean gas R.
  • the sorbent powder S is not admixed in the exhaust gas line 15, but is only introduced into the upper part of the gas inlet chamber 4 via a line 19. There, the grains of the carrier material brought in via lines 7 and 8 are coated in such a way that the coating is sufficiently present during the entire downward migration.
  • the sorbent powder S is applied via lines 20a and 20b at the upper end of the moving beds 2 and 3 to the partial layers of the moving bed adjacent to the entrance blinds 2a and 3a. When moving around the blind sheets of the entrance blinds 2a and 3a, these take over the function of mixing elements, so that the adsorbent dust S is mixed into the carrier material T.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for eliminating noxious matter present in low concentration from exhaust gases, in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons and, optionally, heavy metals. The exhaust gas (A) is passed through a moving bed (2, 3) travelling from the top downwards and made of a coarse grained base material (T), and the base material in the moving bed is coated with a carbon-containing sorbent dust (S). A simple coating of the base material is obtained.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zur Entfernung von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden SchadstoffenProcess for the removal of pollutants in low concentration
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden Schadstoffen, insbesondere chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen und ggf. Schwermetallen, aus Abgasen.The invention relates to a method for removing pollutants present in low concentration, in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons and possibly heavy metals, from exhaust gases.
Mit der deutschen Patentanmeldung 197 02 349.5 ist ein solches Verfahren vorgeschlagen worden, bei dem grobkörniges inertes Trägermaterial mit einer anhaftenden Schicht aus kohlenstoffhaltigem Soprtionsmittelstaub beschichtet wird und das Abgas durch ein Wanderbett aus dem beschichteten Material hindurchgeleitet wird. In der älteren Anmeldung und in der vorliegenden Anmeldung wird unter einem inerten Trägermaterial ein solches Material verstanden, das bezüglich der Abscheidung von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden Schadstoffen, insbesondere organischen Schadstoffen und Schwermetallen inert bzw. inaktiv ist. Bei dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren wird das grobkörnige Trägermaterial außerhalb des Wanderbettes mit dem kohlenstoffhaltigen Soprtionsmittelstaub beschichtet und erst danach in das Wanderbett eingebracht. Hierzu ist eine gesondere Beschichtungsstufe erforderlich.With the German patent application 197 02 349.5, such a method has been proposed in which coarse-grained inert carrier material is coated with an adhesive layer of carbon-containing sorbent dust and the exhaust gas is passed through a moving bed made of the coated material. In the earlier application and in the present application, an inert carrier material is understood to mean a material which is inert or inactive with regard to the separation of pollutants present in low concentration, in particular organic pollutants and heavy metals. In the proposed method, the coarse-grained carrier material outside the moving bed is coated with the carbon-containing sorbent dust and only then introduced into the moving bed. This requires a special coating step.
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Entfernung von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden Schadstoffen anzugeben, bei dem die Herstellung des beschichteten Trägermaterials vereinfacht wird.It is the object of the present invention to provide a method for removing pollutants present in low concentration, in which the production of the coated carrier material is simplified.
Erfindungsgemäß ist dazu vorgesehen, daß das Abgas durch ein von oben nach unten wanderndes Wanderbett aus grobkörnigem Trägermaterial hindurchgeleitet wird und das im Wanderbett befindliche Trägermaterial mit einem kohlenstoffhaltigen Sorptionsmittelstaub beschichtet wird.According to the invention it is provided that the exhaust gas through a moving bed moving from top to bottom of coarse-grained carrier material is passed through and the carrier material located in the moving bed is coated with a carbon-containing sorbent dust.
Die Beschichtung erfolgt somit im Wanderbett selbst. Als Trägermaterial können nicht nur die in der älteren Anmeldung angesprochenen Materialien: Kalksplitt, Kies oder ähnliches eingesetzt werden, sondern auch kohlenstoffhaltige Sorptionsmittel, die selbst über mehr oder weniger gute Adsorptionseigenschaften für die abzutrennenden Schadstoffe verfügen, wie z. B. Hüttenkoks, Herdofenkoks oder Aktivkohle. Als Sorptionsmittelstaub selbst können pulverisierter Hüttenkoks, Herdofenkoks (HOK), Formaktivkoks (FAK) oder Aktivkohle eingesetzt werden.The coating is thus carried out in the moving bed itself. Not only the materials mentioned in the earlier application: lime chippings, gravel or the like can be used as the carrier material, but also carbon-containing sorbents, which themselves have more or less good adsorption properties for the pollutants to be separated, such as . B. cottage coke, hearth coke or activated carbon. Powdered metallurgical coke, hearth furnace coke (HOK), shaped active coke (FAK) or activated carbon can be used as the sorbent dust itself.
Auf besonders einfache Weise wird eine Beschichtung des Trägermaterials im Wanderbett erreicht, wenn das Wanderbett von dem Abgas quer durchströmt wird und dem Abgas vor Eintritt in das Wanderbett Sorptionsmittelstaub zugemischt wird.A coating of the carrier material in the moving bed is achieved in a particularly simple manner if the exhaust gas flows across the moving bed and sorbent dust is mixed into the exhaust gas before it enters the moving bed.
Das mit Trägermaterial geeigneter Körnung, vorzugsweise 1 mm - 10 mm, weiter bevorzugt 2 mm - 5 mm, gefüllte Wanderbett wirkt als Tiefbettfilter zur Abscheidung des pulverisierten kohlenstoffhaltigen Sorptionsmittelstaubs, der auf den Körnern des Trägermaterials eine aktive Schicht zur adsorptiven Abscheidung von organischen Schadstoffen und Schwermetallen bildet. Die äußere Oberfläche dieser aktiven Schicht ist erheblich größer als die der Trägermaterialkörner, obwohl die Trägermaterialkörner selbst durch die auf ihnen gebildete aktive Schicht nur unwesentlich vergrößert werden. Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß die Aktivitäten bezüglich der adsorptiven Abscheidung von organischen Schadstoffen und Schwermetallen nahezu linear von der äußeren Oberfläche des Adsorptionsmittels abhängen.The moving bed filled with a suitable grain size, preferably 1 mm - 10 mm, more preferably 2 mm - 5 mm, acts as a deep bed filter for separating the pulverized carbon-containing sorbent dust, which has an active layer on the grains of the support material for the adsorptive separation of organic pollutants and heavy metals forms. The outer surface of this active layer is considerably larger than that of the carrier material grains, although the carrier material grains themselves are only slightly enlarged by the active layer formed on them. Studies have shown that the activities relating to the adsorptive separation of organic pollutants and heavy metals depend almost linearly on the outer surface of the adsorbent.
Durch die Wanderbewegung des Trägermaterials im Wanderbett bei gleichzeitiger Querdurchströmung des Wanderbettes durch das Abgas wird der Teil des pulverisierten kohlenstoffhaltigen Sorptionsmittels, der nicht auf den Trägermaterialkörnern auf der Anströmseite des Wanderbettes haftet, weiter in das Wanderbett hineintransportiert. Durch die Wahl der Menge des zugeführten pulverisierten Sorptionsmittels kann somit die Eindringtiefe des Sorptionsmittels in das Wanderbett entsprechend der zu lösenden Abscheideaufgabe für die genannten Schadstoffe angepaßt werden. Durch die Wahl der gesamten Tiefe des Wanderbettes in der Weise, daß bei maximaler Eindringtiefe des Adsorbens noch eine Restschicht unbeschichteten Trägermaterials vom Abgas durchströmt werden muß, kann sichergestellt werden, daß kein pulverisiertes Sorptionsmittel aus dem Wanderbett ausgetragen wird. Beim Zumischen des Sorptionsmittelstaubs in das zu reinigende Abgas kann dies so geschehen, daß der Sorptionsmittelstaub in den gesamten Abgasstrom eingemischt wird, z. B. in die Zuleitung des dem Wanderbett vorgeschalteten Gaseintrittsraumes eingemischt wird.Due to the moving movement of the carrier material in the moving bed with simultaneous transverse flow through the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas, the part of the pulverized carbon-containing sorbent that does not adhere to the carrier material grains on the upstream side of the moving bed is transported further into the moving bed. By choosing the amount of powdered sorbent supplied, the depth of penetration of the sorbent into the moving bed can thus be adapted according to the separation task to be solved for the pollutants mentioned. Through the Choosing the entire depth of the moving bed in such a way that at the maximum penetration depth of the adsorbent a residual layer of uncoated carrier material must still flow through the exhaust gas can be ensured that no powdered sorbent is discharged from the moving bed. When mixing the sorbent dust into the exhaust gas to be cleaned, this can be done so that the sorbent dust is mixed into the entire exhaust gas stream, for. B. is mixed into the supply line of the gas inlet upstream of the moving bed.
Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, daß Sorptionsmittelstaub oder -pulver nur dem Teil des gesamten Abgasstroms zugemischt wird, der in einen oberen Bereich des Wanderbettes eintritt. Das Sorptionsmittelpulver bzw. Staub wird somit dem Teil des Wanderbettes zugeführt, der mit frischem Trägermaterial beschickt wird.However, it is also conceivable that sorbent dust or powder is only admixed to that part of the total exhaust gas stream which enters an upper region of the moving bed. The sorbent powder or dust is thus fed to the part of the moving bed that is loaded with fresh carrier material.
Andererseits ist es denkbar, daß das Wanderbett von dem Abgas quer durchströmt wird und Sorptionsmittelstaub dem Wanderbett im oberen Bereich des Wanderbettes auf der Gaseintrittsseite des Wanderbettes zugesetzt wird. Hierbei wird der Sorptionsmittelstaub bzw. -pulver mit dem frisch eingebrachten Trägermaterial zusammengebracht. Die Einmischung des pulverisierten Sorptionsmittels geschieht dann während der gemeinsamen, abwärts gerichteten Wanderbewegung des Trägermaterials und des Pulvers, wobei die vorzugsweise auf der Eintrittsseite des Wanderbettes vorgesehenen Jalousiebleche die Funktion von Mischelementen einnehmen.On the other hand, it is conceivable that the exhaust gas flows transversely through the moving bed and sorbent dust is added to the moving bed in the upper region of the moving bed on the gas inlet side of the moving bed. Here, the sorbent dust or powder is brought together with the freshly introduced carrier material. The pulverized sorbent is then mixed in during the common, downward traveling movement of the carrier material and the powder, the blind sheets preferably provided on the entry side of the moving bed taking on the function of mixing elements.
Die Erfindung richtet sich auch auf eine Vorrichtung zur Abgasreinigung nach Anspruch 8.The invention also relates to a device for exhaust gas purification according to claim 8.
Die Erfindung soll nun anhand der beigefügten Figuren in verschiedenen Durchführungsweisen erläutert werden. Es zeigen:The invention will now be explained with reference to the attached figures in various ways. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Verfahrensführung, bei der pulverisiertes Adsorbens dem zu reinigenden Abgas vor Eintritt in den Gaseintrittsraum des Reinigungsreaktors zugesetzt wird, Fig. 2 eine Verfahrensführung, bei der das pulverisierte Adsorbens dem oberen Bereich des Gaseintrittsraumes des Reaktors zugesetzt wird, und1 is a procedure in which pulverized adsorbent is added to the exhaust gas to be cleaned before entering the gas inlet space of the cleaning reactor, Fig. 2 shows a process in which the powdered adsorbent is added to the upper region of the gas entry space of the reactor, and
Fig. 3 eine Verfahrensführung, bei der das pulverisierte Adsorbens dem Wanderbett in der Nähe der Eintrittsjalousie zugesetzt wird.Fig. 3 shows a process in which the powdered adsorbent is added to the moving bed in the vicinity of the entrance blind.
In der Fig. 1 ist ein Wanderbettreaktor 1 dargestellt, in dem zwei vertikal ausgerichtete Wanderbetten 2 und 3 vorgesehen sind. Die Wanderbetten 2 und 3 sind zu einem Gaseintrittsraum 4 hin durch Eintrittsjalousien 2a und 3a begrenzt und zu einem zugeordneten Gasautrittsraum 5 bzw. 6 durch Austrittsjalousien 2b und 3b. Die Wanderbetten 2 und 3 werden von oben über Leitungen 7 und 8 mit einem grobkörnigen Trägermaterial T beschickt. Das Trägermaterial wird über Leitungen 9 und 10 am unteren Ende der Wanderbetten kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich abgezogen und einer Siebeinrichtung 11 zugeführt. Der Siebdurchgang wird über Leitung 12 abgezogen, während der Siebüberstand über Leitung 13 in die Wanderbetten 2 und 3 zurückgeführt wird. Über Leitung 14 wird Trägermaterial T ergänzt.1 shows a moving bed reactor 1 in which two vertically oriented moving beds 2 and 3 are provided. The moving beds 2 and 3 are delimited to a gas entry space 4 by entry blinds 2a and 3a and to an associated gas entry space 5 and 6 by exit blinds 2b and 3b. The moving beds 2 and 3 are fed from above via lines 7 and 8 with a coarse-grained carrier material T. The carrier material is withdrawn continuously or discontinuously via lines 9 and 10 at the lower end of the moving beds and fed to a screening device 11. The sieve passage is withdrawn via line 12, while the excess screen is returned via line 13 to moving beds 2 and 3. Carrier material T is added via line 14.
Der Gaseintrittsraum wird mit über Leitung 15 herangeführtem Abgas A beaufschlagt und über Leitung 16 wird in die Leitung 15 pulverisiertes Sorptionsmittel S eingemischt. Die Mischung aus Abgas A und Sorptionsmittelstaub S tritt durch die Eintrittsjalousien 2a bzw. 3a in die Wanderbetten ein und beschichtet die Körner des Trägermaterials. Durch die Menge des bei 16 zugesetzten Sorptionsmittelstaubes S kann die Eindringtiefe des Adsorbens in die Wanderschichten 2 und 3 eingestellt werden.Exhaust gas A supplied via line 15 is applied to the gas inlet space and pulverized sorbent S is mixed into line 15 via line 16. The mixture of exhaust gas A and sorbent dust S enters the moving beds through the inlet blinds 2a and 3a and coats the grains of the carrier material. The penetration depth of the adsorbent into the traveling layers 2 and 3 can be adjusted by the amount of the sorbent dust S added at 16.
Das gereinigte Gas wird aus den Gasaustrittskammern 5 und 6 über Leitungen 17 und 18 als Reingas R abgezogen.The cleaned gas is withdrawn from the gas outlet chambers 5 and 6 via lines 17 and 18 as clean gas R.
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 2 wird das Sorptionsmittelpulver S nicht in der Abgasleitung 15 zugemischt, sondern über eine Leitung 19 nur in den oberen Teil der Gaseintrittskammer 4 eingebracht. Dort werden die über Leitung 7 und 8 herangeführten Körner des Trägermaterials in einer solchen Weise beschichtet, daß die Beschichtung während der gesamten Wanderbewegung nach unten in ausreichender Weise vorhanden ist. Bei der in der Figur 3 gezeigten Verfahrensführung wird das Sorptionsmittelpulver S über Leitungen 20a und 20b am oberen Ende der Wanderbetten 2 und 3 den der Eintrittsjalousie 2a bzw. 3a benachbarten Teilschichten des Wanderbettes aufgegeben. Bei der Umwanderung der Jalousiebleche der Eintrittsjalousien 2a und 3a übernehmen diese die Funktion von Mischelementen, so daß der Adsoprtionsmittelstaub S in das Trägermaterial T eingemischt wird.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the sorbent powder S is not admixed in the exhaust gas line 15, but is only introduced into the upper part of the gas inlet chamber 4 via a line 19. There, the grains of the carrier material brought in via lines 7 and 8 are coated in such a way that the coating is sufficiently present during the entire downward migration. In the process shown in FIG. 3, the sorbent powder S is applied via lines 20a and 20b at the upper end of the moving beds 2 and 3 to the partial layers of the moving bed adjacent to the entrance blinds 2a and 3a. When moving around the blind sheets of the entrance blinds 2a and 3a, these take over the function of mixing elements, so that the adsorbent dust S is mixed into the carrier material T.
Es ist auch denkbar, die drei in den Figuren 1-3 gezeigten Arten der Zufuhr von Staub oder Pulver gleichzeitig durchzuführen.It is also conceivable to carry out the three types of supply of dust or powder shown in FIGS. 1-3 at the same time.
(Hierzu 2 Blatt Zeichnungen) (2 sheets of drawings)

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Entfernung von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden Schadstoffen, insbesondere chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen und ggf. Schwermetallen aus Abgasen, bei dem das Abgas durch ein von oben nach unten wanderndes Wanderbett aus grobkörnigem Trägermaterial hindurchgeleitet wird und das im Wanderbett befindliche Trägermaterial mit einem kohlenstoffhaltigen Sorptionsmittelstaub beschichtet wird.1. A method for removing pollutants present in low concentration, in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons and possibly heavy metals from exhaust gases, in which the exhaust gas is passed through a moving bed of coarse-grained carrier material traveling from top to bottom and the carrier material in the moving bed is coated with a carbon-containing sorbent dust becomes.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als grobkörniges Trägermaterial ein inertes Trägermaterial oder ein kohlenstoffhaltiges Sorptionsmittel eingesetzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an inert carrier material or a carbon-containing sorbent is used as the coarse-grained carrier material.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Sorptionsmittelstaub pulverisierter Hüttenkoks, Herdofenkoks (HOK), Formaktivkoks (FAK) oder Aktivkohle eingesetzt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that pulverized metallurgical coke, hearth furnace coke (HOK), molded activated coke (FAK) or activated carbon are used as sorbent dust.
4. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wanderbett von dem Abgas quer durchströmt wird und dem Abgas vor Eintritt in das Wanderbett Sorptionsmittelstaub zugemischt wird. 4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the moving bed is traversed by the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas is mixed with sorbent dust before entering the moving bed.
5. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wanderbett von dem Abgas quer durchströmt wird und Sorptionsmittelstaub in den gesamten Abgasstrom eingemischt wird.5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the moving bed is traversed by the exhaust gas and sorbent dust is mixed into the entire exhaust gas stream.
6. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wanderbett von dem Abgas quer durchströmt wird und Sorptionsmittelstaub nur dem Teil des gesamten Abgasstromes zugemischt wird, der in einen oberen Bereich des Wanderbettes eintritt.6. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the moving bed is traversed by the exhaust gas and sorbent dust is only admixed to that part of the total exhaust gas stream which enters an upper region of the moving bed.
7. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wanderbett von dem Abgas quer durchströmt wird und Sorptionsmittelstaub dem Wanderbett im oberen Bereich des Wanderbettes auf der Gaseintrittsseite des Wanderbettes zugesetzt wird.7. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the moving bed is traversed by the exhaust gas and sorbent dust is added to the moving bed in the upper region of the moving bed on the gas inlet side of the moving bed.
8. Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden Schadstoffen, insbesondere chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen und ggf. Schwermetallen, aus Abgasen mit einem Reaktor mindestens bestehend aus einem Gaseintrittsraum (4), einem Wanderbett (2) und einem Gasaustrittsraum (5), sowie einer Einrichtung für die Zufuhr (7) und Abfuhr (9) eines grobkörnigen Trägermaterials (T) in das Wanderbett und einer Zuführeinrichtung (16: 19; 20a, 20b) für die Zufuhr eines kohlenstoffhaltigen Sorptionsmittelstaubes (S) in eine Gaszufuhrleitung (15) für die Zufuhr des zu reinigenden Gases in den Gaseintrittsraum (4), in den oberen Bereich der Gaseintrittskammer (4) und/oder in das Wanderbett (2) selbst. 8. Device for removing pollutants present in low concentration, in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons and possibly heavy metals, from exhaust gases with a reactor consisting at least of a gas inlet space (4), a moving bed (2) and a gas outlet space (5), and a device for the supply (7) and discharge (9) of a coarse-grained carrier material (T) into the moving bed and a supply device (16: 19; 20a, 20b) for the supply of a carbon-containing sorbent dust (S) into a gas supply line (15) for the supply of the gas to be cleaned in the gas inlet space (4), in the upper region of the gas inlet chamber (4) and / or in the moving bed (2) itself.
PCT/EP1998/001642 1997-03-21 1998-03-20 Method for eliminating noxious matter present in low concentration WO1998042431A1 (en)

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DE1997111840 DE19711840A1 (en) 1997-03-21 1997-03-21 Process for removing pollutants in low concentration, especially chlorinated hydrocarbons and possibly heavy metals, from exhaust gases
DE19711840.2 1997-03-21

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DE19961691C5 (en) * 1999-12-20 2011-08-18 Bayerisches Institut für Angewandte Umweltforschung und -technik BIfA GmbH, 86167 Process for cleaning flue gas

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EP0232731A2 (en) * 1986-02-11 1987-08-19 Uhde GmbH Process and apparatus for purifying gases, particularly for desulfurizing and denitrating smoke
WO1994017900A1 (en) * 1993-02-05 1994-08-18 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke Gmbh Exhaust gas dry cleaning agent
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