WO1998047419A1 - Absorbent folded hand towel - Google Patents
Absorbent folded hand towel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998047419A1 WO1998047419A1 PCT/US1998/006174 US9806174W WO9847419A1 WO 1998047419 A1 WO1998047419 A1 WO 1998047419A1 US 9806174 W US9806174 W US 9806174W WO 9847419 A1 WO9847419 A1 WO 9847419A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- towel
- hand
- less
- weight
- towels
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/16—Paper towels; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/2419—Fold at edge
- Y10T428/24215—Acute or reverse fold of exterior component
Definitions
- This invention generally relates to the field of absorbent folded hand towels. More particularly, this invention relates to an absorbent folded hand towel having improved effectiveness at hand drying.
- Absorbent folded hand towels made of fibrous cellulosic material are widely used to dry hands at commercial, institutional and public facilities. Such folded hand towels are designed for a single use to prevent the spread of pathogens. Since these towels are typically provided at no cost to the user, it is desirable to minimize their cost of use.
- One widely adopted approach to lowering the cost of using absorbent folded towels is to provide a towel having a "high capacity" and sufficiently large area so that only one towel would be needed for a typical hand drying event.
- the basis weight of such large format towels is often kept low.
- These towels may be made utilizing papermaking techniques or furnishes that provide sufficient strength at low basis weights to reduce or prevent the towel from tearing during dispensing.
- these towels may be configured so that two or more plies are folded to form a leading edge that has sufficient strength for reliable dispensing. Studies have shown that fewer of these "high capacity” towels are used in a hand drying event. Unfortunately, the greater weight of each "high capacity” towel means that the total weight of towel used during the hand drying event is relatively high.
- Exemplary high capacity towels have surface areas of 600 cm 2 or more and basis weights of 45 gsm or more.
- Another approach to lowering the cost of using absorbent folded paper towels is to provide inexpensive "very low capacity” towels.
- the basis weight of these "very low capacity” towels is kept low so that less fiber is used.
- Such low basis weight towels are also made utilizing papermaking techniques or furnishes that provide sufficient strength at low basis weights to reduce or prevent the towel from tearing during dispensing.
- the problem with this approach is that users typically perceive these towels as ineffective at hand drying and take more towels per use causing the total weight of towel used during the hand drying event to be relatively high.
- Exemplary very low capacity towels have surface areas of less than 600 cm 2 and basis weights of 45 gsm or less.
- Meeting this need would have an important economic benefit by reducing the cost of hand towels to operators of commercial, institutional and public facilities. Meeting this need would also have an important environmental benefit by reducing the total weight of towel (i.e., fibrous cellulosic material) used during each hand drying event. That is, it is desirable to reduce the total weight of the folded towel that is used and the total weight of the folded towel that is discarded.
- towel i.e., fibrous cellulosic material
- the problems and needs described above are addressed by the present invention which provides an absorbent folded hand towel having improved effectiveness at hand drying based on the weight and area of the towel.
- the folded towel is composed of an absorbent fibrous cellulosic web having in combination: 1) a total area of less than about 500 cm 2 ; 2) a basis weight of greater than about 45 gsm; 3) a TWA of greater than about 3 g/g; and 4) a unit tensile strength of less than about 1300 meters, so that the hand towel provides a hand towel utility of less than about 5 grams per hand dry event.
- the towel desirably has a total area of less than about 450 cm 2 .
- the hand towel may have a total area of less than about 425 cm 2 .
- the towel desirably has a basis weight of greater than about 50 gsm.
- the towel may have a basis weight of greater than about 60 gsm.
- the towel has a TWA (total water absorbed) of 3.5 or greater.
- the towel may have a TWA of 5.0 or more.
- the towel may have a TWA of 7.5 or more.
- the towel may have a TWA of 10 or more.
- the towel desirably has a unit tensile strength of less than about 1000 meters.
- the towel may have a unit tensile strength of less than about 900 meters.
- the towel may have a unit tensile strength of less than about 725 meters.
- the towel may have a unit tensile strength of less than about 500 meters.
- the towel provides a hand towel utility of less than about 4.8 grams per hand dry event.
- the towel may provide a hand towel utility of less than about 4.5 grams per hand dry event.
- the towel may provide a hand towel utility of less than about 4.0 grams per hand dry event.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are illustrations of a conventional absorbent C-Fold towel having a relatively large area and relatively low basis weight.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are illustrations of a conventional absorbent M-Fold towel having a relatively large area and relatively low basis weight.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are illustrations of an exemplary improved absorbent folded hand towel having increased effectiveness at hand drying.
- FIG. 4 graphically shows the relationship between towel weight and inverse towel utility as well as the relationship between towel weight and quality.
- total area refers to the two dimensional surface area of a flat, generally rectangular or square material such as, for example, a paper towel. The total area is determined by multiplying the length dimension of the material by the width dimension of the material.
- Basis weight refers to the weight of a material per specified unit of surface area. This measurement is usually associated with relatively thin, flat, sheet-like materials such as, for example, papers, webs and the like. Basis weights of the materials discussed herein were determined essentially in accordance with TAPPI Test Method No. T410om-88. Basis weight is expressed in units of weight per unit area (e.g., grams per square meter or ounces per square yard).
- unit tensile refers to the geometric mean value of the machine direction tensile strength and the cross-machine direction tensile strength normalized for the basis weight of the sample. Tensile strength values are measured by a breaking length test (TAPPI Test Method No- T494om-88) using 5.08 cm sample span and 5.08 cm/minute cross head speed. Typically, towel strengths are different in the machine direction versus cross machine direction of the sheet. Also, the basis weight of towel samples vary which affects tensile strength. In order to better compare tensile strengths from various samples it is important to compensate for the differences in basis weight of the samples and for machine directional differences in tensile strength.
- Unit Tensile is calculated as the quotient obtained by dividing the basis weight into the square root of the product of the machine direction and cross machine direction tensile strengths. Tensile strength calculations normalized for differences in basis weight and machine direction have been devised for better comparisons of samples. When English units of measurement are used, tensile strength is measured in ounces per inch and basis weight in pounds per ream (2880 square feet). When calculated in metric units the tensile strength is measured in grams per 2.54 centimeters and the basis weight is measured in grams per square meter.
- the metric units are not pure metric units because the test apparatus used for testing tensile is set up to cut a sample in inches and accordingly the metric units comes out to be grams per 2.54 centimeters.
- MDT machine direction tensile
- CDT cross machine direction tensile
- BW basis weight
- hand towel utility refers to weight of hand towel used during a hand drying event. This value is determined by multiplying the towel usage (i.e., number of towels used per hand drying event) by the towel weight. Hand towel utility is expressed in units of "weight/hand drying event” or "Wt/HD”.
- Total Water Absorbency or “TWA” or “Absorbency” refer to a measure of water absorbed per unit weight of an absorbent paper product.
- TWA Total Water Absorbency
- the TWA of the paper products is determined by measuring the amount of a liquid absorbed by the paper product after being submerged in a liquid bath at approximately 23°C and allowed to fully wet out.
- the absorbency is determined by first cutting a 7.62 cm x 7.62 cm specimen of the material to be evaluated, conditioning the specimen at 23°C and 50% Relative Humidity, and weighing the specimen. This is recorded in units of grams as Wi. Two drainage strips should also be cut from the same material.
- a wire screen constructed of standard grade reinforced stainless steel wire cloth is lowered into the liquid bath. Using blunt edge tweezers, the specimen is positioned in the liquid bath over the screen and submerged for two minutes. After two minutes, the specimen is positioned over the screen so that it is aligned with the bottom comer of the screen. The screen is raised and the specimen is allowed to drain for a few seconds before the drainage strip is attached. The specimen with attached drainage strip is then clamped to a specimen holder, hung on a rod over a drainage tank and allowed to drain for 30 minutes. Next, the specimen is detached from the specimen holder by releasing the drainage clamps and placed in a weighing tray of a balance. The wet sample is weighed and this weight is recorded in units of grams as W 2 . The liquid weight is obtained from the formula:
- Liquid Weight W 2 - W
- TWA Total Water Absorbency
- Tests were conducted utilizing distilled or deionized water to determine Total Water Absorbency. Liquid in the liquid bath was changed after each sample to avoid possible contamination by treatments that might be present on the test specimens.
- Water Capacity or “Capacity” refer to the amount of water that is able to be absorbed by an individual towel. Water Capacity is determined by multiplying the Test Capacity (described above) by the Towel Area (described above). The Water Capacity is expressed in units of milliliters of water per towel (mUtowel).
- quality or “hand towel quality” is a measure of the perceptions of the overall quality of a towel as used. This perceived quality is related to a number of variables including softness, total water absorbency, water capacity, comfort during drying, strength and to a lesser extent, appearance.
- perceptions of hand towel quality are measured for individual test participants in a Hand Towel Test using the methodology described below. The results of these tests are recorded and an average value for all the tests is reported as the quality" or "hand towel quality” based on a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 is the lowest score and 10 is the highest score.
- the present invention is based upon the discovery that the effectiveness of a towel at hand drying may be improved so that a lower total weight of the towel (i.e., fibrous cellulosic material) is used during each hand drying event or at an equal weight of towel a superior quality perception can be achieved.
- the improvement is accomplished using smaller towels having a certain combination of properties. This approach is contrary to the conventional belief that using smaller towels provides no reduction or even an increase in the amount of towels (i.e., total weight of towel or fibrous cellulosic material) used during each hand drying event and a concomitant reduction in quality perceptions.
- FIG. 1A is an illustration (not to scale) of a conventional absorbent C-Fold hand towel having a relatively large area and relatively low basis weight.
- the C-Fold hand towel is shown in its folded state.
- FIG. 1B is an illustration of a the towel shown in FIG. 1 A in an unfolded state. It can be noted that the towel has a width "x" and a relatively long length. Shading along the edges of the towel is generally intended to represent that the towel has a relatively dense structure.
- the conventional belief is that fewer absorbent hand towels are used per hand dry event when the towel has a very large area if the overall Water Capacity of the towel is high.
- FIG. 2A is an illustration (not to scale) of a conventional absorbent M-Fold hand towel having a relatively large area and relatively low basis weight.
- the M-Fold hand towel is shown in its folded state.
- FIG. 2B is an illustration of a the towel shown in FIG. 2A in an unfolded state. It can be noted that the towel has a width "x" which is generally the same as the C-Fold towel but with a shorter length. Shading along the edges of the towel is generally intended to represent that the towel has a relatively dense structure.
- FIG. 3A is an illustration (not to scale) of an exemplary improved absorbent folded hand towel having increased effectiveness at hand drying.
- This hand towel is shown in a M-Fold format.
- the improved towel is much smaller in area and greater in basis weight and has relatively high levels of absorbency (i.e., TWA).
- TWA levels of absorbency
- FIG. 3B is an illustration of a the towel shown in FIG. 3A in an unfolded state. It can be noted that the towel has a width "y" which is smaller than the width "x" shown in FIGS. 1B and 2B. Shading along the edges of the towel is generally intended to represent that the towel has a structure with relatively lower density than the towels shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the improved hand towel is composed of an absorbent fibrous cellulosic web -. having in combination: 1) a total area of less than about 500 cm 2 ; 2) a basis weight of greater than about 45 gsm; 3) a TWA of greater than about 3 g/g; and a unit tensile strength of less than about 1300 meters, so that the hand towel provides a hand towel utility of less than about 5 grams per hand dry event.
- the area and basis weight of the towel are desirably adjusted to keep the towel weight between from about 1.87 grams to about 3.36 grams.
- the total area of the towel is less than about 500 cm 2 and the basis weight is greater than about 45 gsm.
- the unit tensile strength of the towel may be decreased significantly without compromising the actual strength of the towel. That is, the fibrous cellulosic web or basesheet used in the towel may be made utilizing papermaking techniques, post-treatments and/or fibers that enhance absorbency.
- absorbent paper products such as hand towels may contain a preponderance of coarse, high yield fibers, typically stone groundwood (SGW), thermomechanical pulp (TMP), and/or chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) fibers.
- coarse fibers are usually highly refined to cause fractures and fibrillations which aid in imparting strength to the resulting paper product so it has sufficient strength to dispense without tearing.
- Such refining changes the freeness of the coarse fiber from "high” freeness fibers to "low” freeness fibers.
- these highly refined, high-yield, coarse, mechanically pulped fibers the resulting sheets have lower levels of absorbency (e.g., Total Water Absorbed as determined for a unit weight of towel).
- the increased basis weight of the absorbent hand towel permits relatively coarse fibers such as, for example, those described above or northern softwood kraft (NSWK) pulp fibers, recycled fibers (RC), hardwood kraft (HWK) pulp fibers, or stone ground wood (SGW) pulp fibers to be processed with less refining to yield a weaker but more absorbent product.
- the towel may be composed of or may include resilient fibers such as, for example, chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) fibers or various types of modified fibers.
- CMP chemithermomechanical pulp
- the absorbent hand towel may be made utilizing a papermaking process in which less pressure is applied in the press section of a conventional Fourdrinier papermaking machine. It is thought that reducing the pressure applied at that point in the papermaking process yields a more open fiber structure or network of fibers in the resulting sheet. Such an open fiber structure or network of fibers typically provides higher levels of absorbency compared to a closed, tight or collapsed fiber structure or network.
- the papermaking process may include steps such as, for example, differential speed transfers and the like to create or enhance an open fiber structure or network of fibers.
- steps such as, for example, differential speed transfers and the like to create or enhance an open fiber structure or network of fibers.
- non-compressive drying operations such as, for example, through-air drying operations may be used to enhance the open fiber structure or network of fibers.
- the increased basis weight of the absorbent hand towel permits greater levels of mechanical debonding (e.g., creping, hydraulic needling, brushing, embossing, etc.) to open up the fiber structure or network.
- Mechanical debonding typically enhances absorbency but reduces strength.
- Lower unit tensil strength provides a softer, more flexible sheet.
- Debonding of fibers can also be accomplished chemically by adding chemical debonding agents. While such chemical debonding agents reduce strength and increase softness of the resulting paper products, they typically have minimal impact on absorbency. Generally speaking, chemical debonding agents appear to do little to open up the fiber structure or network in the absence of other modifications to the papermaking process.
- one feature of the present invention is that desirable levels of absorbency (e.g., TWA greater than about 3 g/g) are present in combination with levels of unit tensile strength less than about 1300 meters.
- desirable levels of absorbency e.g., TWA greater than about 3 g/g
- the absorbent towel is typically a folded web such as, for example, a folded paper web. Since the towel of the present invention has relatively high basis weight, small area, and sufficient strength for reliable dispensing, the towel may have a single ply and may _ have relatively simple fold patterns.
- the towel may have a simple overfold pattern or a simple interfold pattern instead of more complex patterns that provide two or more layers of a towel folded for strength to form the leading towel edge protruding from the dispenser.
- the absorbent folded towel may be composed of multiple plies joined by crimp-bonding, laminating, or other techniques to yield a towel with a relatively high total basis weight from individual low basis weight plies.
- the unit tensile strength for the folded towel i.e., the towel composed of individual plies should be less than about 1300 meters.
- the absorbent folded towel may be an absorbent paper towel manufactured by conventional papermaking techniques and may contain conventional fibers used in absorbent towels.
- the absorbent folded towel may be manufactured utilizing processes such as, for example, those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,048,589 and 5,137,600, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- test method requires no special apparatus.
- the test method uses the procedures and materials described below to evaluate absorbent folded towel samples using test participants. These test participants are observed during their use of the samples to determine certain information. After using the samples, test participants are asked to respond rate the samples in response to standard questions.
- the towels were tested monadically and were dispensed through the correct dispensers wherever possible. Dispensers were mounted on stands which either stood on tables or were hung over doors and set at a height of 1.3 meters above the floor.
- the soap used was consistent across all tests and was provided in pump dispensers in order to control, as far as possible, the amount used by each respondent. All soap, towels and dispensers used were unbranded.
- test participants were also asked to rate the size of the towels using a 6 point scale where 1 means “much too big”; 2 means “a little too big”; 3 means “about the right size”; 4 means “a little too small”; and 5 means “much too small”.
- Machine direction tensile strength and cross machine direction tensile strengths were measured for the samples according to the method described above and are reported in Table 1 under the column headings "MD Tensile” and “CD Tensile", respectively.
- Unit Tensile Strength was calculated as described above and is reported under the column heading "Unit Tensile”.
- TWA Total Water Absorbed values for samples were determined according to the procedure described above and are reported under the column heading "TWA”. The TWA values were used to calculated water capacities as described above. The results are reported in Table 1.
- the large area C-fold towel has the greatest water capacity and towel weight. It has the lowest level of utility and a high level of quality. This towel also has a relatively low unit tensile which corresponds to a relatively high TWA.
- the M-fold towel has a smaller area than the C-fold, a moderate towel weight and water capacity.
- the smaller area of the M-fold towel resulted in greater towel usage (i.e., more towels used per hand dry event) even though the basis weight was greater.
- the Sample 1 towel has a small area (425 cm 2 ), the lowest towel weight, towel quality, water capacity and TWA, the greatest unit tensile strength and best level of utility.
- the much smaller towel area (compared to the C-fold towel) and the similar basis weights resulted in much greater towel usage.
- FIG. 3 is a graph with towel weight on the X-axis and the inverse towel utility (i.e., 1/(towel utility)) forming one Y-axis and towel quality as another Y-axis.
- Data for Samples 1-5 from Table 1 are plotted at points identified as S1 to S5, respectively.
- Data for the M-Fold and C-Fold towels from Table 1 are plotted at points identified as M-Fold and C-Fold, respectively.
- Data for the towel quality are represented by the symbol "•" and data for the inverse towel utility are represented by the symbol " ⁇ ".
- the large C-Fold towel has very high quality and very - low utility.
- the M-Fold towel having less area exhibits a better level of utility but lower quality.
- Samples 1-5 exhibit increasing levels of quality.
- Sample 3 has the same quality as the M-Fold towel yet has greater utility.
- Sample 5 has the same high quality as the C- Fold towel yet has the same level of utility as the M-Fold towel.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL13210998A IL132109A (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Absorbent folded hand towel |
DE69819146T DE69819146T2 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | ABSORBENT FOLDED TOWEL |
AU67851/98A AU727221B2 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Absorbent folded hand towel |
KR1019997009682A KR100547550B1 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Folded Absorbent Hand Towel |
JP54603498A JP2001522271A (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Absorbable folding hand towel |
EP98913257A EP0977507B1 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Absorbent folded hand towel |
CA002285050A CA2285050C (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Absorbent folded hand towel |
BR9815475-3A BR9815475A (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Folded, absorbent hand towel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/847,990 | 1997-04-21 | ||
US08/847,990 US5882743A (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1997-04-21 | Absorbent folded hand towel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998047419A1 true WO1998047419A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
Family
ID=25302040
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/006174 WO1998047419A1 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-03-27 | Absorbent folded hand towel |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5882743A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0977507B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001522271A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100547550B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1117543C (en) |
AR (1) | AR012455A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU727221B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9815475A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2285050C (en) |
CO (1) | CO5021234A1 (en) |
CR (1) | CR5760A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69819146T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2206908T3 (en) |
ID (1) | ID22895A (en) |
IL (1) | IL132109A (en) |
MY (1) | MY119525A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998047419A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6265052B1 (en) | 1999-02-09 | 2001-07-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020193771A1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2002-12-19 | Edens Ronald L. | Finger-receiving area for a labial pad |
US7769579B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2010-08-03 | Google Inc. | Learning facts from semi-structured text |
US7587387B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2009-09-08 | Google Inc. | User interface for facts query engine with snippets from information sources that include query terms and answer terms |
GB2428569B (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2009-04-29 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Dryer |
GB0515754D0 (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2005-09-07 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Drying apparatus |
GB0515749D0 (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2005-09-07 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Drying apparatus |
GB0515744D0 (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2005-09-07 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Dryer |
GB0515750D0 (en) * | 2005-07-30 | 2005-09-07 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Drying apparatus |
GB2434094A (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-18 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Drying apparatus with sound-absorbing material |
GB2434095B (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2011-08-17 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Drying Apparatus |
US8260785B2 (en) | 2006-02-17 | 2012-09-04 | Google Inc. | Automatic object reference identification and linking in a browseable fact repository |
DE602007004546D1 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2010-03-18 | Tyco Healthcare | Portable wound therapy system |
US8122026B1 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2012-02-21 | Google Inc. | Finding and disambiguating references to entities on web pages |
US8347202B1 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2013-01-01 | Google Inc. | Determining geographic locations for place names in a fact repository |
GB0712763D0 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2007-08-08 | Smith & Nephew | Apparatus |
GB0803564D0 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2008-04-02 | Smith & Nephew | Fluid collection |
US8177763B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2012-05-15 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Canister membrane for wound therapy system |
US10912869B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2021-02-09 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Wound therapy system with related methods therefor |
US8414519B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2013-04-09 | Covidien Lp | Wound therapy system with portable container apparatus |
US8827983B2 (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2014-09-09 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Sensor with electrical contact protection for use in fluid collection canister and negative pressure wound therapy systems including same |
WO2011002393A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | Sca Hygiene Products Ab | Method |
US9427505B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2016-08-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Negative pressure wound therapy apparatus |
US8753751B1 (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2014-06-17 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent tissue |
AU2014402290B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2020-05-21 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Systems and methods for applying reduced pressure therapy |
USD796036S1 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2017-08-29 | Medline Industries, Inc. | Slush drape |
WO2016103032A1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Negative pressure wound therapy apparatus and methods |
US9645561B2 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2017-05-09 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Optimizing a dispensing parameter of a product dispenser based on product usage data |
US10130221B2 (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2018-11-20 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Optimizing a dispensing parameter of a product dispenser based on product usage data |
US9918596B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2018-03-20 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Partitionable paper product |
WO2018195101A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Negative pressure wound therapy canisters |
US11605247B2 (en) | 2019-11-17 | 2023-03-14 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Generating people counts based on dispenser usage |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2238005A1 (en) * | 1970-04-29 | 1974-02-07 | Kimberly Clark Co | MULTI-LAYERED PAPER TOWEL AND METHOD OF ITS MANUFACTURING |
US4755421A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-07-05 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Hydroentangled disintegratable fabric |
US5048589A (en) | 1988-05-18 | 1991-09-17 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Non-creped hand or wiper towel |
US5137600A (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1992-08-11 | Kimberley-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically needled nonwoven pulp fiber web |
Family Cites Families (53)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3679621A (en) * | 1970-01-28 | 1972-07-25 | Ciba Geigy Corp | Reaction products of carboxylic acid polymers,alkylenimines and alkylene oxides |
US3798120A (en) * | 1972-04-11 | 1974-03-19 | Kimberly Clark Co | Disposable tissue with controlled wet break-up |
US3903342A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1975-09-02 | Scott Paper Co | Soft, absorbent, unitary, laminate-like fibrous web with delaminating strength and method for producing it |
US3879257A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1975-04-22 | Scott Paper Co | Absorbent unitary laminate-like fibrous webs and method for producing them |
US4000237A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1976-12-28 | Scott Paper Company | Method for producing a soft, absorbent, unitary, laminate-like fibrous web with delaminating strength |
US4308092A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1981-12-29 | Rohm And Haas Company | Creping paper using cationic water soluble addition |
US4196044A (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1980-04-01 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Product and process for making a creped and calendered cellulosic electrical paper |
US4093765A (en) * | 1976-02-13 | 1978-06-06 | Scott Paper Company | Soft absorbent fibrous web and disposable diaper including same |
US4406737A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1983-09-27 | Rohm And Haas Company | Creping paper using cationic water soluble addition polymer |
US4164595A (en) * | 1976-12-29 | 1979-08-14 | American Can Company | Premoistened flushable wiper |
US4117187A (en) * | 1976-12-29 | 1978-09-26 | American Can Company | Premoistened flushable wiper |
CA1093879A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1981-01-20 | William D. Lloyd | Forming absorbent tissue paper products with fine mesh fabrics |
US4441962A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1984-04-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Soft, absorbent tissue paper |
US4351699A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1982-09-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Soft, absorbent tissue paper |
CA1191727A (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1985-08-13 | Thomas W. Osborn, Iii | Soft, strong, absorbent tissue paper and process therefor |
US4516616A (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1985-05-14 | Fesler Ethel L | Portable towel accessory |
SE441109B (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1985-09-09 | Svenska Traeforskningsinst | PAPERS WITH IMPROVED FEATURES AND WAYS TO MAKE IT SAME |
US4623576A (en) * | 1985-10-22 | 1986-11-18 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Lightweight nonwoven tissue and method of manufacture |
US5277761A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1994-01-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cellulosic fibrous structures having at least three regions distinguished by intensive properties |
US4882221A (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-11-21 | Scott Paper Company | Chemically treated paper products - towel and tissue |
US5019211A (en) * | 1987-12-09 | 1991-05-28 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Tissue webs containing curled temperature-sensitive bicomponent synthetic fibers |
US5384013A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1995-01-24 | Ecc International Limited | Cationic pigment-containing paper coating composition |
US5059282A (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1991-10-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Soft tissue paper |
US4906513A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1990-03-06 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Nonwoven wiper laminate |
US4994144A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-02-19 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Method for increasing the bulk of creped tissue |
US5087324A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-02-11 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Paper towels having bulky inner layer |
US5245025A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-09-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for making cellulosic fibrous structures by selectively obturated drainage and cellulosic fibrous structures produced thereby |
US5169497A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1992-12-08 | Nalco Chemical Company | Application of enzymes and flocculants for enhancing the freeness of paper making pulp |
US5217576A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-06-08 | Dean Van Phan | Soft absorbent tissue paper with high temporary wet strength |
US5223096A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-06-29 | Procter & Gamble Company | Soft absorbent tissue paper with high permanent wet strength |
US5262007A (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1993-11-16 | Procter & Gamble Company | Soft absorbent tissue paper containing a biodegradable quaternized amine-ester softening compound and a temporary wet strength resin |
US5264082A (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1993-11-23 | Procter & Gamble Company | Soft absorbent tissue paper containing a biodegradable quaternized amine-ester softening compound and a permanent wet strength resin |
GB2267680A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-12-15 | Kimberly Clark Ltd | Absorbent,abrasive composite non-woven web |
TW244342B (en) * | 1992-07-29 | 1995-04-01 | Procter & Gamble | |
DK0656970T3 (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1997-11-03 | Procter & Gamble | Tissuepair treated with non-ionic plasticizers that are biodegradable |
US5385642A (en) * | 1993-05-13 | 1995-01-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for treating tissue paper with tri-component biodegradable softener composition |
US5334286A (en) * | 1993-05-13 | 1994-08-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper treated with tri-component biodegradable softener composition |
US5399412A (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1995-03-21 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Uncreped throughdried towels and wipers having high strength and absorbency |
KR100333211B1 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2002-11-04 | 더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니 | Multi-layer tissue paper web comprising biodegradable chemical softener composition and binder, and articles comprising the same |
US5405501A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-04-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Multi-layered tissue paper web comprising chemical softening compositions and binder materials and process for making the same |
US5431783A (en) * | 1993-07-19 | 1995-07-11 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Compositions and methods for improving performance during separation of solids from liquid particulate dispersions |
US5437766A (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-08-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Multi-ply facial tissue paper product comprising biodegradable chemical softening compositions and binder materials |
US5397435A (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-03-14 | Procter & Gamble Company | Multi-ply facial tissue paper product comprising chemical softening compositions and binder materials |
AU1295895A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-07-03 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Lotion composition for imparting soft, lubricious feel to tissue paper |
US5354425A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1994-10-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper treated with polyhydroxy fatty acid amide softener systems that are biodegradable |
CA2178586C (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 2000-07-04 | Robert Stanley Ampulski | Wet pressed paper web and method of making the same |
US5427652A (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1995-06-27 | The Mead Corporation | Repulpable wet strength paper |
WO1995021298A1 (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1995-08-10 | The Mead Corporation | Repulpable wet strength paperboard |
US5385643A (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-01-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for applying a thin film containing low levels of a functional-polysiloxane and a nonfunctional-polysiloxane to tissue paper |
US5389204A (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-02-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for applying a thin film containing low levels of a functional-polysiloxane and a mineral oil to tissue paper |
JPH10503684A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1998-04-07 | ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー | Flexible tissue paper from coarse cellulose fibers |
US5813080A (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-09-29 | Universal Technologies, Inc. | Towel structure |
US5804279A (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1998-09-08 | Pluth; Dean | Detailing towel |
-
1997
- 1997-04-21 US US08/847,990 patent/US5882743A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-03-27 BR BR9815475-3A patent/BR9815475A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-27 CA CA002285050A patent/CA2285050C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-27 AU AU67851/98A patent/AU727221B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-03-27 JP JP54603498A patent/JP2001522271A/en active Pending
- 1998-03-27 EP EP98913257A patent/EP0977507B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-27 KR KR1019997009682A patent/KR100547550B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-27 CN CN98804371A patent/CN1117543C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-27 ID IDW991134A patent/ID22895A/en unknown
- 1998-03-27 ES ES98913257T patent/ES2206908T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-27 DE DE69819146T patent/DE69819146T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-27 IL IL13210998A patent/IL132109A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-03-27 WO PCT/US1998/006174 patent/WO1998047419A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-16 AR ARP980101768A patent/AR012455A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-04-20 MY MYPI98001748A patent/MY119525A/en unknown
- 1998-04-20 CO CO98021589A patent/CO5021234A1/en unknown
- 1998-04-20 CR CR5760A patent/CR5760A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2238005A1 (en) * | 1970-04-29 | 1974-02-07 | Kimberly Clark Co | MULTI-LAYERED PAPER TOWEL AND METHOD OF ITS MANUFACTURING |
US4755421A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-07-05 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Hydroentangled disintegratable fabric |
US5048589A (en) | 1988-05-18 | 1991-09-17 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Non-creped hand or wiper towel |
US5137600A (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1992-08-11 | Kimberley-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically needled nonwoven pulp fiber web |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6265052B1 (en) | 1999-02-09 | 2001-07-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper |
US6458450B1 (en) | 1999-02-09 | 2002-10-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tissue paper |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1252700A (en) | 2000-05-10 |
CN1117543C (en) | 2003-08-13 |
KR100547550B1 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
EP0977507B1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
AR012455A1 (en) | 2000-10-18 |
IL132109A0 (en) | 2001-03-19 |
ES2206908T3 (en) | 2004-05-16 |
DE69819146D1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
JP2001522271A (en) | 2001-11-13 |
BR9815475A (en) | 2001-10-23 |
CO5021234A1 (en) | 2001-03-27 |
KR20010020131A (en) | 2001-03-15 |
IL132109A (en) | 2003-05-29 |
US5882743A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
AU6785198A (en) | 1998-11-13 |
DE69819146T2 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
CA2285050C (en) | 2005-12-27 |
MY119525A (en) | 2005-06-30 |
AU727221B2 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
EP0977507A1 (en) | 2000-02-09 |
ID22895A (en) | 1999-12-16 |
CA2285050A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
CR5760A (en) | 1998-06-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0977507B1 (en) | Absorbent folded hand towel | |
TW420740B (en) | Chemically softened tissue paper products containing a polysiloxane and an ester-functional ammonium compound | |
US7867362B2 (en) | Textured cellulosic wet wipes | |
JP4250057B2 (en) | Household hygiene tissue paper | |
TW402653B (en) | Soft tissue paper containing an oil and a polyhydroxy compound | |
US20040101704A1 (en) | Rolled single ply tissue product having high bulk, softness, and firmness | |
JP2003509598A (en) | Multifunctional tissue paper products | |
EP1576235B1 (en) | Shear-kalendering Device for a non-woven Web | |
EP2834412B1 (en) | Articles of manufacture and methods for making same | |
CN109561795A (en) | Durable absorbability cleaning piece | |
US20230028309A1 (en) | Absorbent fibrous web | |
JP2800595B2 (en) | Tissue paper | |
JP2002249994A (en) | Sanitary tissue paper and method for producing the same | |
KR102034672B1 (en) | Tissue for man’s urin and tissue dispenser | |
JP2020081659A (en) | Tissue paper product | |
JP3010904B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of tissue paper | |
JP2012214967A (en) | Sanitary tissue paper | |
EP3951052A1 (en) | Toilet paper and method for producing toilet paper | |
JP2705457B2 (en) | Tissue paper | |
CZ233699A3 (en) | Soft sanitary paper with surface-deposited softening agent | |
MXPA06014244A (en) | Apertured tissue products |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 132109 Country of ref document: IL Ref document number: 98804371.8 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH GM GW HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2285050 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2285050 Country of ref document: CA Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/1999/009338 Country of ref document: MX |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1019997009682 Country of ref document: KR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 1998 546034 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998913257 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 67851/98 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998913257 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1019997009682 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 67851/98 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1998913257 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1019997009682 Country of ref document: KR |