WO1999002079A1 - Method and apparatus for heat generation - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for heat generation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999002079A1 WO1999002079A1 PCT/US1998/013833 US9813833W WO9902079A1 WO 1999002079 A1 WO1999002079 A1 WO 1999002079A1 US 9813833 W US9813833 W US 9813833W WO 9902079 A1 WO9902079 A1 WO 9902079A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- working
- fluid
- light
- polar
- energy
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
- H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
- H05B3/0052—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications for fluid treatments
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
- H05B3/009—Heating devices using lamps heating devices not specially adapted for a particular application
Definitions
- the present invention relates to heat and power engineering and, more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for heating of fluids.
- This apparatus consists of an arrangement for forming a high-speed fluid jet and moderation thereof.
- the process of moderation is adapted for conversion of the jet kinetic energy into the heat energy accompanied by the fluid temperature increase.
- the heat generation is accompanied by the ionizing radiation, specifically the neutron radiation, which significantly exceeds in quantity the level of natural radiation. Therefore, use of such method and apparatus is not environmentally safe. Moreover, the use of cavitation should often result in the destruction of the used apparatus.
- An apparatus for carrying out the method disclosed in this PCT application consists of a colloidal mill containing a tank with oppositely positioned vortex nozzles included in a closed-loop system.
- the apparatus also contains a pumping arrangement and a heat exchanger for absorption of heat liberated in the fluid.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for heat generation which are environmentally safe.
- a polar liquid is used as the working fluid.
- the polar working fluid is irradiated by a pulsed light radiation in a zone of contact or engagement between the working fluid and a light-reflecting screen or surface situated within the fluid.
- the screen or surface is made of a material wettable by the working fluid or formed with a coating made of such material.
- Such combination of properties of the screen and the working fluid assures presence of immobile or slow-moving molecules in the vicinity of the screen.
- the light- reflecting properties of the screen enhance usage of the light radiation energy for separation of the immobile or slow moving molecules from the surface of the screen.
- the slow-moving molecules separated from the screen surface receive energy liberated in the formation of molecular clusters. Development of such clusters, in cases of spontaneous collisions of the molecules of the working fluid having greater mobility (or formations originated earlier) is caused by the polar properties attributable to the working fluid.
- the working fluid can be irradiated by the pulsed light radiation generated by an extended source of such radiation.
- a part of the heated working fluid is removed from a zone of action by the pulsed light radiation, cooled and then returned back into this zone.
- An apparatus for heat generation of the present invention comprises a vessel or container with means assuring results of the pulsed optical radiation on the working fluid.
- the container or vessel is filled with a polar working fluid.
- a light-reflecting screen or surface made of a material wettable by the working fluid or having a coating of this material is positioned within the polar working fluid.
- a source of pulsed optical radiation is provided to irradiate the working fluid in the zone of it's contact with the surface of the light-reflecting screen located in the fluid.
- the apparatus of the invention is not only capable of separation of the immobile molecules of the working fluid from the surface of the light-reflecting screen, but it can also replenish mobile molecules of the working fluid.
- the source of pulsed light radiation can be extended through the working chamber.
- the light-reflecting screen or surface situated within the fluid can be formed as a wall of the working chamber embracing the extended source of pulsed light radiation.
- the working chamber communicates with part of the system situated outside of the vessel or container. This enables the invention to replace the working fluid situated in the space between the source of pulsed optical radiation, and the light-reflecting screen by the fluid from the space external to the light- reflecting screen.
- a wall or interior of the working chamber embracing the extended source of pulsed optical radiation forming the light-reflecting screen can be made of two or more similar parts located symmetrically about a longitudinal axis of the extended source.
- adjoining parts of the chamber wall are curved toward each other so as to form between its edges slots resembling in a cross section thereof a contracting nozzle profile.
- the above discussed replacement of the working fluid can be accomplished through these slots.
- Portions of the interior of the working chamber wall forming the light-reflecting screen contain a developed mirror surface. This results in the increase of the total number of molecules of the working fluid simultaneously affected by the pulsed optical radiation, leading to more efficient utilization of the radiation energy.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for heat generation, of the present invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a light- reflecting screen formed as a wall of a chamber and composed of two parts;
- FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the light- reflecting screen composed of four parts
- FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the light- reflecting screen, made of a grid forming in cross section a closed loop in the form of a rectangle, and
- FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention similar to that of FIG 4 with the closed loop having an elliptical configuration.
- an apparatus of the invention is formed by a container or vessel 1 having a working chamber filled with a working polar fluid 2.
- a source of pulsed light or pulsed light radiation 3 is located within the working fluid.
- a flash lamp or a high power gas-discharge tube is utilized as the source of pulsed light radiation.
- the flash lamp 3 extends longitudinally within the container also including a light reflecting screen or surface 5 which substantially surrounds the flash lamp. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 the longitudinal dimensions of the flash lamp 3 at least ten times exceed the transverse dimensions thereof.
- the flash lamp 3 is connected to a source of pulse voltage 4.
- the container or vessel 1 is formed with an inlet port 11 and an outlet port 12, adapted for connection of the vessel to a pumping arrangement 6 and a heat exchanger 7 , so as to define a closed-loop or semiclosed-loop system for the working fluid.
- the heat exchanger 7 includes an inlet port 71 and an outlet port 72 also forming a part of the system.
- the working fluid is fed into the working chamber through an inlet port 73 of the heat exchanger and is removed from the working chamber of the system and supplied to a consumer through an exit port 74 of the heat exchanger.
- the pumping arrangement 6 is provided with a conventional or an electric drive (not shown in FIG. 1) .
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view further illustrating the light-reflecting surface or screen 5 and the flash lamp 3.
- the light-reflecting surface or screen 5 is formed by an inner wall of the working chamber embracing the flash lamp 3.
- the screen 5 is made of two substantially similar parts 51 and 52 situated symmetrically about a longitudinal axis A-A of the flash lamp 3.
- the parts 51 and 52 are also symmetrical about a plane passing through a vertical axis B-B of FIG. 2.
- the inner areas of the parts 51 and 52 of the screen facing the flash lamps are formed with developed mirror surfaces. Such mirror surfaces can be formed having a corrugated or saw-toothed configuration. As illustrated in FIG.
- the first 51 and second 52 parts of the chamber wall forming the light-reflecting surface or screen 5 can be fairly curved towards each other so as to form between edges thereof slots 53 and 54 having a cross section resembling a contracting nozzle profile.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the light-reflecting surface or screen 5 composed of four substantially similar parts.
- the light-reflecting screen 5 can be formed as a wall of a chamber completely surrounding the flash lamp 3.
- the wall of the chamber is made as a net or grid from a material having a mirror-like surface.
- the cross section of the chamber may resemble a rectangle or ellipse.
- the working fluid utilized by the invention is a polar fluid or polar dielectric having molecules formed as elementary electrical dipoles.
- the polar dialectics are also known as a dialectics with molecules (atoms) positioned asymmetrically relative to their nucleus.
- the container 1 is filled with a polar liquid capable of wetting the surface of the light-reflecting screen 5.
- the apparatus of the invention operates in a similar manner and depends on the following physical phenomena and properties of polar liquids.
- Clusters are continuously composed and breaking apart. The formation of the clusters is accompanied by energy release. In the present invention, the rate of cluster formation often exceeds the rate of their breaking. As a result of a non-elastic collision of two constituents , either individual molecules and/or clusters developed earlier, formation of new clusters takes place in the presence of a third particle in the collision zone. The rate of cluster formation is determined by the concentration of such third particles. The probability of triple collisions is the greatest when the third particles are slow-moving ones. Such slow-moving particles are those just vacated the surface of the screen positioned within the working fluid and still situated in the proximity of the surface of the screen.
- Fluid molecules situated in the vicinity of the screen surface are affected by the cohesive forces (i.e., forces directed from other molecules of the working fluid) and adhesive forces (i.e., the forces of interaction with a screen material) .
- the cohesive and adhesive forces usually act in opposite directions. This is specifically so in the case of working fluid capable of wetting the screen surface. The wetting further provides constant presence of the molecules of the working fluid on the screen surface. As a result of minor forces exerted on such molecules and their losing contacts with the screen surface, these molecules are ready and capable of passing to a free state.
- formation of clusters occurs in the vicinity of the surface of the screen and takes place upon action of the pulsed light radiation generated by the flash lamp 3 on the working fluid 2.
- the surface of the screen 5 is made from light-reflecting material and/or formed with a mirror-type coating.
- the molecules of working fluid lose contact with the surface of the light- reflecting screen 5 under the action of quanta of light radiation. Quantity of the released molecules depends on the material of the light-reflecting screen 5. Specifically, such quantity depends upon the properties which define the magnitude of adhesive forces for the molecules of a specific working fluid.
- the process of releasing the molecules from the surface of the screen occurs under lower energy of the light pulse.
- the released molecules facilitate development of molecular formations.
- a new molecular formation operates in an excited state and, after multiple collisions, transfers own oscillatory energy to other molecules of the working fluid.
- Energy liberated in the course of formation- development is adapted by the molecule released from the surface of the light-reflecting screen 5 and present in the collision zone. As a result of such collisions, this energy is transferred to other molecules.
- a certain quantity of working fluid or water leaves the area in the vicinity of the light- reflecting screen 5. This portion of working fluid or water is replaced by a new portion of working fluid or water from a chamber space surrounding the flash lamp 3 having a wall formed as the light-reflecting screen 5.
- this process is repeated over and over.
- the working fluid 2 When the working fluid 2 is stationery, its temperature rises to reach a heat balance with the surrounding environment. Such balance is reachable if it is possible, under specific conditions, to transfer heat to the surroundings. Otherwise, a further elevation of the working fluid temperature occurs and, upon transition of a part of fluid to a gaseous phase, operation of the apparatus is interrupted.
- the loss of contact between the molecules of liquid and the surface of the screen takes place as a result of irradiation of the polar working liquid by the pulsed light radiation in the area of contact between the liquid and the screen.
- the released molecules of liquid enable the invention to form the clusters of molecules. This Process is accompanied by an additional release of heat or thermal energy into the liquid.
- the energy n the range of 10 —20J and the density of the optical radiation energy on the screen of no less then 1 J/m is necessary for the removal of the molecules of liquid from the surface of the screen.
- density can be provided by, for example, a source of pulsed light radiation having the energy 100 J with the duration of
- the invention represents an arrangement for the conversion of the potential energy of the working fluid into the kinetic energy of its molecules resulting in the temperature elevation of the working fluid.
- the quantity of potential energy converted into the kinetic energy is defined by the concentration of clusters or free molecules capable of participating in the formation process.
- the apparatus of the present invention can also form a part of a hydraulic semiclosed-loop system having in addition to the above discussed elements, a separating arrangement or a liquid separator.
- the main function of the liquid separator (not shown) is to separate a processed working polar liquid from the working polar liquid before the process of irradiation by the pulsed light. During this process, the clusters of molecules or formations are separated. The stream of such clusters is directed to the area of the chamber having the most favorable conditions for the formation process. Then, the processed working liquid is removed from the circuit and is replaced by the fresh working liquid.
- the operation of the separating arrangement can be based on electrostatic, magnetic, electromagnetic, and hydraulic principles.
- the selection depends on specific structural parameters of the apparatus and operating conditions thereof, such as: the volume of the working fluid in the vessel ; configuration and dimensions of the flash lamp; the distance from the flash lamp to the light-reflecting screen, the fluid circulation rate; cooling conditions; etc.
- the molecules of liquid in the excited condition are developed in a part of the working liquid removed from the circuit. It is expected that the working liquid removed from the circuit should have a high level of biological activity and should favorably affect the cells of live organisms. Seeds of vegetables and nursery flowers were used during investigation of the biological activity of the working polar liquid removed from the circuit of the invention. The seeds were separated into two groups. Ordinary water was applied to the first group, whereas the working water removed from the apparatus of the invention was utilized in the second group. According to this experiment, the rate of growth of seeds treated by the water removed from the circuit was 1.5-2 times greater compared to the seeds treated by the ordinary water. The nursery flowers treated by the water from the circuit bloomed significantly earlier than the nursery flowers treated by the ordinary water. It is expected that water from the circuit should favorably affect human skin and can be used for treatment of dermatological diseases.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98934249A EP1011398B1 (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-07-02 | Method and apparatus for heat generation |
DE69834124T DE69834124T2 (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-07-02 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING HEAT |
AU83817/98A AU8381798A (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-07-02 | Method and apparatus for heat generation |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU97111474 | 1997-07-09 | ||
RU97111474A RU2124681C1 (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1997-07-09 | Method and device for heat release from fluid |
US09/108,589 | 1998-07-01 | ||
US09/108,589 US6091890A (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-07-01 | Method and apparatus for heat generation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999002079A1 true WO1999002079A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
Family
ID=26653922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/013833 WO1999002079A1 (en) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-07-02 | Method and apparatus for heat generation |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1011398B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE322207T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8381798A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69834124T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2262237T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999002079A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT501680A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-15 | Bierbaumer Hans Peter Dr | HEAT GENERATOR |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3555449A (en) * | 1966-11-15 | 1971-01-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Liquid cooled laser system |
US3619808A (en) * | 1970-07-06 | 1971-11-09 | Union Carbide Corp | Laser head cooling system |
US4207541A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1980-06-10 | General Electric Company | Cooling jacket for laser flash lamps |
WO1990000526A1 (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1990-01-25 | Quinetics Corporation | Disagglomerated water and methods for producing same |
US5188090A (en) | 1991-04-08 | 1993-02-23 | Hydro Dynamics, Inc. | Apparatus for heating fluids |
RU2054604C1 (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1996-02-20 | Анатолий Федорович Кладов | Energy generation method |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4940885A (en) * | 1987-09-15 | 1990-07-10 | Challenger Wendall R | Heating apparatus including ulta-violet portion |
CA2235244C (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 2005-03-22 | Purepulse Technologies, Inc. | Improved deactivation of organisms using high-intensity pulsed polychromatic light |
-
1998
- 1998-07-02 ES ES98934249T patent/ES2262237T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-02 AT AT98934249T patent/ATE322207T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-02 WO PCT/US1998/013833 patent/WO1999002079A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-07-02 DE DE69834124T patent/DE69834124T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-02 EP EP98934249A patent/EP1011398B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-02 AU AU83817/98A patent/AU8381798A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3555449A (en) * | 1966-11-15 | 1971-01-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Liquid cooled laser system |
US3619808A (en) * | 1970-07-06 | 1971-11-09 | Union Carbide Corp | Laser head cooling system |
US4207541A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1980-06-10 | General Electric Company | Cooling jacket for laser flash lamps |
WO1990000526A1 (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1990-01-25 | Quinetics Corporation | Disagglomerated water and methods for producing same |
US5188090A (en) | 1991-04-08 | 1993-02-23 | Hydro Dynamics, Inc. | Apparatus for heating fluids |
RU2054604C1 (en) | 1993-07-02 | 1996-02-20 | Анатолий Федорович Кладов | Energy generation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CLIFFORD E. SWARTZ: "Unusual physics of unusual phenomena", SCIENCE PUBLISHING (1986), MOSCOW |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT501680A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-15 | Bierbaumer Hans Peter Dr | HEAT GENERATOR |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU8381798A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
DE69834124D1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
ES2262237T3 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1011398A4 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
EP1011398A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
EP1011398B1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
DE69834124T2 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
ATE322207T1 (en) | 2006-04-15 |
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