WO1999020045A2 - Encoded video signal formatting - Google Patents
Encoded video signal formatting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999020045A2 WO1999020045A2 PCT/IB1998/001573 IB9801573W WO9920045A2 WO 1999020045 A2 WO1999020045 A2 WO 1999020045A2 IB 9801573 W IB9801573 W IB 9801573W WO 9920045 A2 WO9920045 A2 WO 9920045A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sequence
- data
- data block
- coded
- intra
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/78—Television signal recording using magnetic recording
- H04N5/782—Television signal recording using magnetic recording on tape
- H04N5/783—Adaptations for reproducing at a rate different from the recording rate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/84—Television signal recording using optical recording
- H04N5/85—Television signal recording using optical recording on discs or drums
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
- H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
- H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
- H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the formatting of predictive- encoded digital video signals for storage on a recording medium, especially but not exclusively an optical or magnetic disc, as well as to storage media carrying the particularly formatted signals, and encoding and decoding apparatus supporting the particular signal format.
- MPEG coding schemes as defined in ISO 11172 (MPEG-1) and ISO 138 8 (MPEG-2), although it will be recognised that it is applicable to other coding schemes, particularly motion-compensated and hybrid-DCT (discrete cosine transformation) based coding schemes, such as the
- H.261 and H.263 standards for video-telephony are digital coding systems conventionally used for storing and compressing natural picture sequences, with the decoders being designed to interpret such encoded data and reproduce the same original sequence of images.
- the MPEG standard recognises three types of pictures (frames) namely intra-pictures, predicted pictures and interpolated pictures, generally referred to as I-, P-, and B-pictures respectively.
- I- pictures are specifically intended to provide access points for random pictures and as such they are coded complete, with only limited compression.
- P-pictures are coded with reference to a past (I or P) picture and often form a reference for future P-pictures.
- B-pictures have the highest degree of compression but require both a past and future reference for their generation.
- MPEG compressed video stored on an optical or magnetic disc (CD, DVD, DVD-RAM, hard-disk etc.) or other linearly-read digital storage means may be seen as a replacement for analog video storage systems such as video tape and laser disc.
- One of the known problems with using predictively coded video is how to implement the so-called trick modes that users take for granted (fast-forward and reverse play being the best known examples).
- the step of locating these access points brings another problem, in that the compressed frames in the sequence are of varying lengths and hence the procedure involves more than simply counting bits from the start of a previous frame.
- Some systems solve the problem by introducing data into the video stream with pointers to future access points (as I-frames are indicated in DVD-Video).
- I-frames are indicated in DVD-Video.
- An MPEG disk for high-speed reproduction contains position information for successive I-frames in a recording area of a first I- frame.
- the problem with this approach is that a second pass is needed to fill in these pointers. This makes real-time recording (one pass as with conventional VCR) impossible.
- a method for formatting a sequence of video images comprising the steps of: encoding successive images of the sequence according to a predetermined coding scheme in which some images of the sequence are intra-coded, without reference to any other image of the sequence, and the remainder are respectively coded with reference to at least one further image of the sequence; formatting the encoded data for each image frame into one or a sequence of data blocks and outputting a data block stream formed of the data block or blocks from successive ones of the sequence of video images; characterised in that the step of formatting comprises the further steps of identifying intra-coded frames and of inserting additional data blocks in said data block stream, each of said additional blocks carrying data identifying the relative location in the data block stream of the first or only data block of an intra-coded image frame.
- a single additional data block (also referred to herein as an information block) is inserted in the data block stream at fixed periodically repeated intervals, such as for example every 25th data block of the stream; where the data blocks are all of a common size, skipping from one information block to another becomes a relatively simple matter.
- Each additional data block may store data identifying the first or only data block in the data block stream of the closest previously formatted intra- coded image frame, and may also store further data identifying the length of the said closest previously formatted intra-coded image frame.
- the image frames may be encoded in accordance with MPEG standards, or another predictive coding scheme may be employed.
- a sequentially-readable storage device carrying an encoded and formatted sequence of video image frames wherein some images of the sequence are intra-coded, without reference to any other image of the sequence, and the remainder are respectively coded with reference to at least one further image of the sequence, and the encoded data for the succession of image frames is formatted into a sequence of fixed size data blocks, with at least one data block per encoded image frame, with the stored sequence of data blocks including additional data blocks, with each such additional data block identifying the storage device storage location of the first or only data block of an intra-coded image frame.
- the said additional data blocks are suitably provided at fixed periodically repeated intervals within the stored sequence of encoded image data blocks, with each said additional data block containing data identifying the storage device storage location of the first or only data block of the closest previously formatted intra-coded image frame.
- the said additional data blocks may identify the location of the first or only data block of the closest preceding intra-coded image frame in terms of the location on disc at which said data block is stored.
- each said additional data block may further carry data identifying the storage device storage location of the auxiliary data associated with the particularly indicated intra-coded image frame. In this way, the auxiliary data may be included in the trick-play.
- an encoder apparatus operable to implement the formatting method set forth above, the apparatus comprising means for encoding successive images of a video image sequence according to a predetermined coding scheme in which some images of the sequence are intra-coded, without reference to any other image of the sequence, and the remainder are respectively coded with reference to at least one further image of the sequence; means for formatting the encoded data for each image frame into one or a sequence of fixed size data blocks and outputting a data block stream formed of the data block or blocks from successive ones of the sequence of video images, said means for formatting being operable to identify intra-coded frames, and being configured to insert additional data blocks in said data block stream, each of said additional blocks carrying data identifying the relative location in the data block stream of the first or only data block of an intra-coded image frame.
- a video image player configured to receive and read the sequence of data blocks from a sequentially-readable storage device as set forth above, said player comprising a decoder arranged to receive the stream of data blocks, decode the image data and output a sequence of video image frames, said player being operable to output selected ones of said sequence in a fast-forward or fast reverse mode, the player comprising means for selecting frames by selecting every N ,h additional data block and displaying the respectively identified intra-coded image frame.
- Figure 1 schematically represents a conventional video frame sequence according to MPEG standards
- Figure 2 represents an MPEG frame sequence formatted as a data block sequence according to the invention
- Figure 3 shows an optical disc holding frame sequences such as that of Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is a block schematic drawing of an encoder apparatus embodying the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a block schematic diagram of a decoder apparatus embodying the present invention.
- the method for formatting starts with the encoding of successive images of the sequence as MPEG I-, B-, or P-frames to generate a sequence of encoded frames such as that of Figure 1.
- fields rather than frames may be the basic encoded entity, although the technique is unchanged: the following example refers just to frames although the skilled reader will recognise that this is not intended as in any way limiting.
- the formatting operation itself divides the encoded data for each image frame into one, or more usually several, data blocks which would conventionally be output in sequence as a data block stream. For convenience of handling, these data blocks are chosen to be of a common size, although this is not a prerequisite to successful operation.
- additional data blocks are inserted at regular intervals in the data block stream, for example at every 25th or 30th block.
- the encoded video is embedded within a multiplexed steam when recorded to disc, with the information blocks being classed as
- Each of these information blocks carries data identifying the starting location (and preferably also length) of the previous l-frame as it appears in the data block stream.
- a suitably configured player will seek to an arbitrary information block and, using the data therein, locate the preceding l-frame and decode it. Depending on the speed of fast-forward, the player then skips to the next (or Nth) information block and repeats the process, thus skipping through the video stream at an increased speed.
- the speed of viewing depends on the number of information blocks skipped as, although the compressed video frames are of variable length, the overall compressed bit rate remains approximately constant.
- Figure 2 represents the data block sequence for a video image sequence compressed as:
- IBPBPBPBIBPBPBPBPBI Each of the letters appearing in the sequence in Figure 2 represents one data block on the storage medium: as can be seen, the I-frames (being coded complete) require the greatest number of data blocks for recording.
- Figure 3 represents a sequentially-readable storage device, in the form of a DVD disc 14, carrying the encoded and formatted sequence of video image frames.
- the disc has the conventional centre hole 16 and clamping area 18 surrounded by a pair of read-out surfaces 20 provided by respective transparent substrates 22 over recorded layers 24, with the upper and lower layers being separated by an adhesive layer 26.
- the periodically spaced information blocks 28 contain the location of the start of the preceding I- frame 30.
- Figure 4 schematically represents an encoding and formatting apparatus operable to generate the streams of data blocks such as that in
- an MPEG encoder 42 From an image data source 40 an MPEG encoder 42 generates the compressed I-, P-, and B-frame data and outputs it to frame data store 44. As the data is read into the frame data store, it is also passed to a monitoring stage 46 which detects I-frames. Coupled to read the data out of the frame data store 44 is formatting stage 48 which forms the sequential stream of data blocks: the formatting stage is also coupled to receive indication of I-frames from the monitoring stage 46 and, based on this information, it generates the periodic information frames and inserts them in the output block stream to a storage apparatus write/recording stage 50.
- Figure 5 schematically represents a video image player configured to receive and read the sequence of data blocks, including information blocks, from a suitable sequentially-readable storage device such as the disc of Figure 3.
- the player comprises a disc reader 60 operating under control of a CPU 62 to read data from disc 14 to decoder stage 64 (via the CPU).
- the decoder stage 64 coupled with a frame store 66, the video image sequence is recreated in the frame store before being output to a display, such as a television 68.
- User input means 70 are coupled with the player CPU 62 and include controls for initiating the various trick-modes supported: as will be well understood, these controls may be provided on the player itself or on a remote control handset coupled by infra-red link.
- the CPU directs the decoder 64 to skip frames by selecting every N th additional data block and displaying just the respectively identified l-frame.
- N may be fixed (constant fast-forward/reverse rate): in professional/studio apparatus, however, it may be variable in response to user input.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98945467A EP0945010B1 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1998-10-08 | Encoded video signal formatting |
DE69833775T DE69833775T2 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1998-10-08 | FORMATING CODED VIDEO SIGNALS |
KR1019997005226A KR100614507B1 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1998-10-08 | Encoded video signal formatting |
JP52136399A JP4726267B2 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1998-10-08 | Encoded video signal format |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9721662.6A GB9721662D0 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1997-10-14 | Encoded video signal formatting |
GB9721662.6 | 1997-10-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999020045A2 true WO1999020045A2 (en) | 1999-04-22 |
WO1999020045A3 WO1999020045A3 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
Family
ID=10820463
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1998/001573 WO1999020045A2 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1998-10-08 | Encoded video signal formatting |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7046916B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0945010B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4726267B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100614507B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69833775T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9721662D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999020045A2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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WO2001006778A1 (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Av decoder control method and av decoder control apparatus |
WO2001050773A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for converting data streams |
US6801712B1 (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2004-10-05 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | Recording apparatus with jump destination position information |
WO2005096625A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-13 | Nds Limited | System for providing visible messages during pvr trick mode playback |
CN101848381A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2010-09-29 | Nds有限公司 | Be used for during the playback of PVR trick mode, providing the system of visible message |
US7894524B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2011-02-22 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US8111754B1 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2012-02-07 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US9667993B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2017-05-30 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
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KR100748495B1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2007-08-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Direct prediction method in b-frame coding using multiple reference frame |
EP1527602A2 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2005-05-04 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Trick play behavior controlled by a user |
US8812852B2 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2014-08-19 | Sony Corporation | Method and system for marking digital content |
US20040258147A1 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-23 | Tsu-Chang Lee | Memory and array processor structure for multiple-dimensional signal processing |
US6980650B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-12-27 | Nds Limited | System for providing keys |
US20080273698A1 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2008-11-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Device for and a Method of Processing a Data Stream Having a Sequence of Packets and Timing Information Related to the Packets |
CN113938705A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-14 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Method, device, server, terminal equipment and system for video coding and decoding |
CN117150059B (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2024-02-13 | 湖南视觉伟业智能科技有限公司 | Fragmented image data storage method based on NVR equipment |
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EP0632653A2 (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1995-01-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Digital high definition video recorder having high definition display in trick-play modes |
GB2308264A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-06-18 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | MPEG video disk recording system for high-speed reproduction |
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- 1997-10-14 GB GBGB9721662.6A patent/GB9721662D0/en not_active Ceased
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1998
- 1998-10-08 WO PCT/IB1998/001573 patent/WO1999020045A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-10-08 DE DE69833775T patent/DE69833775T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-08 EP EP98945467A patent/EP0945010B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-08 KR KR1019997005226A patent/KR100614507B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-08 JP JP52136399A patent/JP4726267B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-14 US US09/172,435 patent/US7046916B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP0632653A2 (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1995-01-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Digital high definition video recorder having high definition display in trick-play modes |
GB2308264A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1997-06-18 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | MPEG video disk recording system for high-speed reproduction |
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Cited By (43)
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US6801712B1 (en) * | 1999-06-16 | 2004-10-05 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | Recording apparatus with jump destination position information |
US6978082B1 (en) | 1999-07-15 | 2005-12-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | AV decoder control method and AV decoder control apparatus |
WO2001006778A1 (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Av decoder control method and av decoder control apparatus |
WO2001050773A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-12 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for converting data streams |
US6873629B2 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2005-03-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for converting data streams |
US8213507B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2012-07-03 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US8325809B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2012-12-04 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
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US10080035B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2018-09-18 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US7894524B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2011-02-22 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US8050323B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2011-11-01 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US8111754B1 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2012-02-07 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
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US9083979B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2015-07-14 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
US9247269B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2016-01-26 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Interpolation of video compression frames |
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US7779438B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2010-08-17 | Nds Limited | System for providing visible messages during PVR trick mode playback |
EP2164256A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2010-03-17 | NDS Limited | System for providing visable messages during PVR trick mode playback |
WO2005096625A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-13 | Nds Limited | System for providing visible messages during pvr trick mode playback |
AU2004317947B2 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2009-07-30 | Nds Limited | System for providing visible messages during PVR trick mode playback |
CN101848381A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2010-09-29 | Nds有限公司 | Be used for during the playback of PVR trick mode, providing the system of visible message |
US9843807B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2017-12-12 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US10321134B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2019-06-11 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US10574994B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2020-02-25 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US10645392B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2020-05-05 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US9667993B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2017-05-30 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US11025912B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2021-06-01 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US11539959B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2022-12-27 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
US11843783B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2023-12-12 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Predictive motion vector coding |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7046916B1 (en) | 2006-05-16 |
JP2001506111A (en) | 2001-05-08 |
EP0945010B1 (en) | 2006-03-08 |
JP4726267B2 (en) | 2011-07-20 |
KR20000069436A (en) | 2000-11-25 |
GB9721662D0 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
EP0945010A1 (en) | 1999-09-29 |
WO1999020045A3 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
DE69833775D1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
DE69833775T2 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
KR100614507B1 (en) | 2006-08-22 |
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