WO1999027768A1 - A ground truth monitoring system - Google Patents

A ground truth monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999027768A1
WO1999027768A1 PCT/IL1998/000588 IL9800588W WO9927768A1 WO 1999027768 A1 WO1999027768 A1 WO 1999027768A1 IL 9800588 W IL9800588 W IL 9800588W WO 9927768 A1 WO9927768 A1 WO 9927768A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
optical
sensor unit
optical assembly
processing unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL1998/000588
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Zamir Tribelski
Original Assignee
Zamir Tribelski
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zamir Tribelski filed Critical Zamir Tribelski
Priority to AU14453/99A priority Critical patent/AU1445399A/en
Publication of WO1999027768A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999027768A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a ground truth monitoring system for
  • the system of the present invention simultaneously solves three agricultural stage
  • the present invention allows for the following investment in the unit measurement cycle.
  • the system of the present invention helps the farmer to know when his
  • remotely sensed data (specifically as used for agricultural stage
  • the system of the present invention provides
  • present invention provides the heretofore unavailable data which is necessary for
  • the present invention relates to a ground truth monitoring system for continuous
  • the system of the present invention is comprised of
  • optical assembly for each sensor unit (and the optical assembly is at least one
  • optical fiber or at least one lens or a combination thereof and the optical assembly
  • plant part monitoring target sites may be any plant part monitoring target sites.
  • the present invention relates to a ground truth monitoring system for continuous
  • System in the context of the present invention relates to a collection of
  • individual plant e.g. budding, leafing, flowering, fruiting, ripening, etc.
  • optical frequency of light which correlates to a species specific physiological
  • each "specific" optical frequency may be a very narrow
  • ambient (sun) light or may be by comparison with intensities measured from
  • the ground truth monitoring system (for continuous agricultural stage evaluations)
  • each sensor unit is directed through at least one optical assembly
  • each sensor unit (and each optical assembly is at least one optical fiber or at least
  • each optical assembly is connected to a
  • each spectral data acquisition sensor units contain (a) an electronic optical sensor
  • the power source may be a battery, a photo electric cell, a
  • the data acquisition sensor unit wherein light from the light source traverses the
  • optical assembly to the target site, and wherein reflected or refracted light from the
  • These light sources (a) may be monochromatic or polychromatic, (b) may include
  • ultra violet light some portion thereof, or a combination thereof.
  • spectroscopy detectors within these broad classifications, including overlapping
  • detector types for between from about 170 nm to about 5000 nm, having varying
  • detector(s) sensativity, response time, etc.
  • electronic optical sensor may also facilitate frequency domain data separation
  • Nets and sacks are commonly used in today's agriculture (a) for protecting produce
  • these nets are made from materials
  • optical fibers as part of the net (or sack), wherein these fibers are oriented so as to
  • optical nets (hereinafter “optical nets” or “optical sacks”) may now be used in addition to provide service as plant part proximity optical assemblies.
  • optical assembly hereinafter “optical nets” or “optical sacks"
  • optical net or the optical sack
  • sack encloses a plant part monitoring target site.
  • tensile bands may be nails, spring loaded clips, string, hooks, tensile bands, or adhesives.
  • the data transfer conduit (used to link the sensor units to the data processing unit)
  • the data transfer conduit is at least one optical
  • the data processing unit normalizes data from sensor units using species specific
  • the data processing unit organizes the normalized data into a multi
  • the system according to the present invention may be fed with a vital substance
  • the system according to the present invention may include also at least one data
  • acquisition sensor unit or at least one optical assembly or at least one plant part
  • monitoring target site or a combination thereof, interconnected and interfaced to
  • the data processing unit by at least one anaerobic, non toxic fluid liquid
  • the system may also process, encrypt, or tagg data from the data processing unit
  • Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a ground truth monitoring system.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of part of an installed ground truth
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
  • Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
  • Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a ground truth monitoring system.
  • Each optical fiber is optical fibers (2) (2a) (2b) and at least one lens (1) (la) (lb).
  • the data processing unit has three spectral data acquisition
  • data acquisition sensor unit may be directed to multiple plant parts on a single
  • Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of part of an installed ground truth
  • stage evaluations comprising:
  • Each optical assembly is optical fibers (2) (2a) and at least one lens (1) (la) .
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
  • a data processing unit (5) is connected by a data transfer conduit (4)
  • the sensor unit is comprised of an
  • the spectral data acquition sensor unit is connected to an optical
  • the optical assembly is comprised of an optical fiber (2) having a lens
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
  • a data processing unit (5) is connected
  • sensor unit is comprised of an electronic optical sensor (7) and a connected circuit
  • the spectral data acquition sensor unit is
  • the optical assembly is comprised of an optical
  • proximate plant part target is recieved and transfered back to the sensor unit.
  • artificial light source (9) sends light through a designated fiber (10).
  • transmitted light may then be projected through the lens (1) or may project directly
  • the data acquisition sensor unit is connected to an electric power source

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ground truth monitoring system for continuous agricultural stage evaluations. The system of the present invention is comprised of (a) at least one spectral data acquisition sensor unit (which is directed through at least one optical assembly toward a plant part monitoring target site), (b) at least one optical assembly for each sensor unit (and the optical assembly is at least one optical fiber or at least one lens or a combination thereof) and the optical assembly is connected to the sensor unit, (c) means for affixing the optical assembly in proximity to the target site, (d) a data transfer conduit (connected at one end to each sensor unit and at the other end to a data processing unit), and (e) the data processing unit wherein data from sensor units is normalized against species specific calibration standards.

Description

A GROUND TRUTH MONITORING SYSTEM
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention generally relates to a ground truth monitoring system for
continuous agricultural stage evaluations. More specifically the present invention
relates to a system wherein a plurality of plant part target sites are monitored using
a network of optical (spectral) sensors, and data from these optical sensors is
normalized against species specific calibration standards by a data processing unit.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The system of the present invention simultaneously solves three agricultural stage
evaluation problems.
Firstly, the most commonly used method for agricultural stage evaluation requires
the excision of a plant part, transport of the excised plant part to a laboratory, and
parametric analysis of the excised plant part in the laboratory. Plant parts normally
relate to fruiting bodies which are measured for nutritional components such as
sugar, however other plant parts (e.g. flowering bodies, leaves, root sections, etc.)
are sometimes also measured to provide information related to growth stage
progress. This excision and transport method normally restricts agricultural stage evaluation
to a limited number of discrete measurement events. This hmitation is partly due
to the cost of a unit measurement cycle and partly due to the large human interface
investment in the unit measurement cycle. The present invention allows
continuous automatic monitoring after a single system installation activity.
Furthermore, each discrete measurement event in a parallel excision and transport
evaluation serves to improve the calibration standard for the system of the present
invention. The system of the present invention helps the farmer to know when his
crop will be optimally ready for harvest, and also what the measured quality of the
resultant produce is likely to be.
Secondly, remotely sensed data (specifically as used for agricultural stage
evaluation) is limited in its accuracy according to the quality of ground truth
calibration measurements. The system of the present invention provides
continuous monitoring of the agricultural stage for large areas under production,
and thereby results in the usability of the more precisely calibrated remotely
sensed data.
Thirdly agricultural research is inhibited in its ability to precisely measure
agricultural stage development for individual plants. Plants do not lend themselves
to continuous excision experiments, nor do research results cost justify a continuous parallel laboratory analysis effort. The system of the present invention
is not so limited, being also useful for the continuous agricultural stage monitoring
and evaluation of a plurality of target sites (even on an individual plant). Thus the
present invention provides the heretofore unavailable data which is necessary for
precise scientific correlations between external factors (e.g. irrigation, fertilization,
etc.) and microscopic changes in the stage development of specific plant parts.
This provides the agricultural researcher with new data for the improvement of
scientific agricultural methods.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ground truth monitoring system for continuous
agricultural stage evaluations. The system of the present invention is comprised of
(a) at least one spectral data acquisition sensor unit (which is directed through at
least one optical assembly toward a plant part monitoring target site), (b) at least
one optical assembly for each sensor unit (and the optical assembly is at least one
optical fiber or at least one lens or a combination thereof) and the optical assembly
is connected to the sensor unit, (c) means for affixing the optical assembly in
proximity to the target site, (d) a data transfer conduit (connected at one end to
each sensor unit and at the other end to a data processing unit), and (e) the data processing unit wherein data from sensor units is normalized against species
specific calibration standards.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the context of the present invention, "plant part monitoring target sites" may be
roots, trunks, branches, leaves, flowers, fruiting bodies, or aggregations of the
aforesaid.
The present invention relates to a ground truth monitoring system for continuous
agricultural stage evaluations.
"Ground truth" in the context of the present invention relates to agriculturally
significant quantified data for a specific area of the earth's surface, and this data is
produced by measurements made on or near the specific area.
"Monitoring" in the context of the present invention relates multiple measurements
made at time separated intervals, and these measurements are made on the same
plant and plant part. "System" in the context of the present invention relates to a collection of
interconnected data producing measurement equipment (sensors) and data
processing equipment.
"Continuous" in the context of the present invention relates to time intervals
(between measurements) sufficient to identify entry of a plant into a specific
agricultural stage, "continuous" may also relate to time intervals sufficient to
identify entry into agricultural sub-stages.
"Agricultural stage" in the context of the present invention relates to
physiologically and economically significant milestones in the growth of an
individual plant (e.g. budding, leafing, flowering, fruiting, ripening, etc.).
"Spectral" in the context of the present invention relates to at least one specific
optical frequency of light which correlates to a species specific physiological
characteristic (e.g. sugar level, moisture content, fungus or insect infestation, bud
density, etc.). Furthermore each "specific" optical frequency may be a very narrow
and precise color band, a broad color band (range), or even total reflectivity within
the sensor range. Intensity callibration of these specific optical frequencies is according to the
spectral nature of the illumination source(s). Thus, according to many
embodiments of the system of the present invention there is also provided a means
for monitoring ambient light in these frequencies. This means may be by using
either a spectral data acquition unit or an attached optical assembly for monitoring
ambient (sun) light, or may be by comparison with intensities measured from
physiologically insignificant frequencies - as measured from plant part monitoring
target sites.
The ground truth monitoring system (for continuous agricultural stage evaluations)
of the present invention is comprised of (a) at least one spectral data acquisition
sensor unit (and each sensor unit is directed through at least one optical assembly
toward a plant part monitoring target site), (b) at least one optical assembly for
each sensor unit (and each optical assembly is at least one optical fiber or at least
one lens or a combination thereof) and each optical assembly is connected to a
sensor unit, (c) means for affixing the optical assembly in proximity to the target
site, (d) a data transfer conduit (connected at one end to each sensor unit and at the
other end to a data processing unit), and (e) the data processing unit wherein data
from sensor units is normalized against species specific calibration standards. According to the preferred embodiment of the system of the present invention
each spectral data acquisition sensor units contain (a) an electronic optical sensor,
(b) means for transmitting data in a predetermined manner (and these means is
connected at one end to the optical sensor and at the other end to the data transfer
conduit), and (c) a power source (connected to the optical sensor and to the means
for transmitting data). The power source may be a battery, a photo electric cell, a
commercial AC power source, or a combination thereof.
Furthermore the preferred embodiment of the ground truth monitoring system (for
continuous agricultural stage evaluations) has in addition a light source as part of
the data acquisition sensor unit, wherein light from the light source traverses the
optical assembly to the target site, and wherein reflected or refracted light from the
thus illuminated target site returns to the sensor unit through the optical assembly.
These light sources (a) may be monochromatic or polychromatic, (b) may include
visible, infra red, and ultraviolet components, and (c) may provide illumination
directly or through a shutter.
Electronic optical sensors in the context of the present invention may be
monochromatic or polychromatic sensors having single pixel receptor or multiple
pixel receptor array geometry. These sensors may be sensitive to visible, infra-red,
ultra violet light, some portion thereof, or a combination thereof. There are many spectroscopy detectors within these broad classifications, including overlapping
detector types for between from about 170 nm to about 5000 nm, having varying
sensativity, response time, etc. The operational choice of detector(s) is essentially
determined by the objectives of the specific ground truth monitoring application.
Furthermore, in the context of the spectral data acquisition sensor units, each
electronic optical sensor may also facilitate frequency domain data separation
functions or time domain data separation functions.
Thereafter (according to the preferred embodiment of the system of the present
invention) data from the spectral data acquisition sensor unit is processed,
encrypted, or tagged for identification by the sensor unit prior to transmittal on the
data transfer conduit.
Nets and sacks are commonly used in today's agriculture (a) for protecting produce
from birds or insects and (b) as a convenient aid for harvesting the enclosed
produce. According to the preferred embodiment of the ground truth monitoring
system of the present invention, these nets (or sacks) are made from materials
having internal reflective optical properties, or are fabricated having one or more
optical fibers as part of the net (or sack), wherein these fibers are oriented so as to
collect light reflected from the plant part so enclosed. The thus modified nets (or
sacks) (hereinafter "optical nets" or "optical sacks") may now be used in addition to provide service as plant part proximity optical assemblies. The optical assembly
is connected to the optical net (or the optical sack) where the optical net (or optical
sack) encloses a plant part monitoring target site. According to other embodiments
of the system of the present invention, means for affixing the optical assembly
may be nails, spring loaded clips, string, hooks, tensile bands, or adhesives.
The data transfer conduit (used to link the sensor units to the data processing unit)
may be any known means for data transfer (e.g. coaxial cable, twisted wire pair,
radio, micro wave, infra red, etc.). According to the preferred embodiment of the
system of the present invention the data transfer conduit is at least one optical
fiber.
The data processing unit normalizes data from sensor units using species specific
calibration standards (as provided from parallel excision and transport laboratory
analysis). According to the preferred embodiment of the system of the present
invention The data processing unit organizes the normalized data into a multi
dimensional data map or graph. The dimensional parameters of this map (or graph)
includes time (calendar, from germination, or from the end of winter dormancy)
and sensor location (by coordinates of their location in the field, and according to
plant part). Furthermore the data processing unit interfaces with other computerized systems
whose data relates to common target sites. These other computerized systems may
include weather monitoring systems, irrigation systems, fertilization systems, pest
control systems, pollination systems, remote sensing systems, and produce
collection systems. The interfacing of data collected by the system of the present
invention with data from other systems allows the agricultural researcher to
discover physiological coorelations which may significantly transform the
precision through which scientific agriculture management is performed.
The system according to the present invention may be fed with a vital
spectroscopic data relating to the commodities and crops is distributed in real time
into the globe spinning internet.
The system according to the present invention may include also at least one data
acquisition sensor unit or at least one optical assembly or at least one plant part
monitoring target site or a combination thereof, interconnected and interfaced to
the data processing unit by at least one anaerobic, non toxic fluid liquid
light-guide. The system may also process, encrypt, or tagg data from the data processing unit
for individual identification, facilitating continuous agricultural stage evaluation to
be performed from and or across geographically separated locations.
The present invention will be further described and clarified in detail by Figures
1-4. These figures are solely intended to illustrate the preferred embodiment of the
invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any manner.
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a ground truth monitoring system.
Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of part of an installed ground truth
monitoring system.
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
sensor unit.
Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
sensor unit having an artificial light source. Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a ground truth monitoring system. A ground
truth monitoring system for continuous agricultural stage evaluations is shown,
comprising:
(a) Spectral data acquisition sensor units (3) (3a) (3b). Each sensor unit is
directed through at least one optical assembly toward a plant part monitoring
target site.
(b) At least one optical assembly for each sensor unit. The optical assembly
is optical fibers (2) (2a) (2b) and at least one lens (1) (la) (lb). Each optical
assembly is connected to the sensor unit.
(c) Means for affixing the optical assembly in proximity to the target site
(not shown).
(d) Data transfer conduits (4) (4a) (4b) each connected at one end to each
sensor unit and at the other end to a data processing unit.
(e) The data processing unit (5) wherein data from sensor units is
normalized against species specific calibration standards. In this illustration the data processing unit has three spectral data acquisition
sensor units, each of which has inturn multiple optical assemblies. Operationally
there may be a very large number of spectral data acquition sensor units for a
single data processing unit. Furthermore, the optical assemblies of a single spectral
data acquisition sensor unit may be directed to multiple plant parts on a single
plant, or to multiple plants, or even to multiple planting areas.
Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of part of an installed ground truth
monitoring system. A ground truth monitoring system for continuous agricultmal
stage evaluations is shown, comprising:
(a) Spectral data acquisition sensor units (3) and (3a). Each sensor unit is
directed through at least one optical assembly toward a plant part monitoring
target site.
(b) At least one optical assembly for each sensor unit. The optical assembly
is optical fibers (2) (2a) and at least one lens (1) (la) . Each optical assembly is
connected to the sensor unit. (c) Means for affixing (not shown) the optical assembly in proximity to the
fruiting boddies of a date palm (6) target site.
(d) Data transfer conduits (4) (4a) each connected at one end to each sensor
unit and at the other end to a data processing unit.
(e) The data processing unit (5) wherein data from sensor units is
normalized against species specific calibration standards.
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
sensor unit. A data processing unit (5) is connected by a data transfer conduit (4)
to a spectral data acquition sensor unit (3). The sensor unit is comprised of an
electronic optical sensor (7) and a connected circuit (7a) incorporating means for
transmitting data from the electronic optical sensor through the data transfer
conduit. The spectral data acquition sensor unit is connected to an optical
assembly. The optical assembly is comprised of an optical fiber (2) having a lens
(1) at its end, through which tight reflected from a usually proximate plant part
target is recieved and transfered back to the sensor unit. The data acquisition
sensor unit is connected to an electric power source (8). Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of an installed spectral data acquisition
sensor unit having an artificial light source. A data processing unit (5) is connected
by a data transfer conduit (4) to a spectral data acquition sensor unit (3). The
sensor unit is comprised of an electronic optical sensor (7) and a connected circuit
(7a) incorporating means for transmitting data from the electronic optical sensor
through the data transfer conduit. The spectral data acquition sensor unit is
connected to an optical assembly. The optical assembly is comprised of an optical
fiber (2) having a lens (1) at its end, through which light reflected from a usually
proximate plant part target is recieved and transfered back to the sensor unit. An
artificial light source (9) sends light through a designated fiber (10). This
transmitted light may then be projected through the lens (1) or may project directly
onto the plant part target. Use of the artificial light improves callibration of the
received data and elliminates periods of data loss caused by shade, clouds, or
night. The data acquisition sensor unit is connected to an electric power source
(8).

Claims

1. A ground truth monitoring system for continuous agricultural stage evaluations,
comprising at least one spectral data acquisition sensor unit and said sensor
unit is directed through at least one optical assembly toward a plant part
monitoring target site, at least one optical assembly for each sensor unit and
said optical assembly is at least one optical fiber or at least one lens or a
combination thereof and said optical assembly is connected to the sensor unit,
means for affixing the optical assembly in proximity to the target site, a data
transfer conduit connected at one end to each sensor unit and at the other end
to a data processing unit, and the data processing unit wherein data from
sensor units is normalized against species specific calibration standards.
2. A system according to claim 1 wherein each spectral data acquisition sensor
units contain an electronic optical sensor, means for transmitting data in a
predetermined manner and said means is connected at one end to the optical
sensor and at the other end to the data transfer conduit, and a power source
connected to said optical sensor and to said means for transmitting data.
3. A system according to claim 1 having in addition a light source as part of the
data acquisition sensor unit, wherein light from said light source traverses the optical assembly to the target site, and wherein reflected or refracted light
from the thus illuminated target site returns to the sensor unit through said
optical assembly.
4. A system according to claim 2 wherein the electronic optical sensors are
monochromatic or polychromatic sensors, and said sensors have single pixel
receptor or multiple pixel receptor array geometry, wherein said sensors are
sensitive to visible light, infra-red light, ultra violet light, or some portion or
combination thereof.
5. A system according to claim 1 wherein data from the spectral data acquisition
sensor unit is processed, encrypted, or tagged for identification by said sensor
unit prior to transmittal on the data transfer conduit.
6. A system according to claim 1 wherein the optical assembly is connected to an
optical net or an optical sack, and wherein said optical net or optical sack
encloses a plant part monitoring target site.
7. A system according to claim 1 wherein means for affixing said optical assembly
is selected from nails, spring loaded clips, string, hooks, tensile bands, and
adhesives.
8. A system according to claim 1 wherein the data transfer conduit is at least one
optical fiber.
9. A system according to claim 1 wherein the data processing unit organizes the
normalized data into a multi dimensional data map or graph.
10. A system according to claim 1 wherein the data processing unit interfaces with
other computerized systems whose data relates to common target sites.
11. A system according to claim 10 wherein other computerized systems are
selected from weather monitoring systems, irrigation systems, fertilization
systems, pest control systems, pollination systems,remote sensing systems,
and produce collection systems.
12. A system according to claim 1 wherein vital spectroscopic data relating to the
commodities and crops is distributed in real time into the globe spinning
internet.
13. A system according to claim 1 wherein at least one data acquisition sensor unit
or at least one optical assembly or at least one plant part monitoring target site or a combination thereof are interconnected and interfaced to the data
processing unit by at least one anaerobic, non toxic fluid liquid light-guide.
14. A system according to claim 1 to 5 wherein data from the data processing unit
is processed, encrypted, or tagged for individual identification, facilitating
continuous agricultural stage evaluation to be performed from and or across
geographically separated locations.
15. A ground truth monitoring system for continuous agricultural stage evaluations
according to claims 1 through 14 substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated.
PCT/IL1998/000588 1997-12-01 1998-12-01 A ground truth monitoring system WO1999027768A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU14453/99A AU1445399A (en) 1997-12-01 1998-12-01 A ground truth monitoring system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL12238997A IL122389A0 (en) 1997-12-01 1997-12-01 A ground truth monitoring system
IL122389 1997-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999027768A1 true WO1999027768A1 (en) 1999-06-10

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IL (1) IL122389A0 (en)
WO (1) WO1999027768A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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US6597991B1 (en) 2001-03-28 2003-07-22 Agrosense Ltd. System and method for remote monitoring of water stress status of growing crops
EP1370126A2 (en) * 2000-10-23 2003-12-17 Phytech Ltd. Remote phytomonitoring

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US4015366A (en) * 1975-04-11 1977-04-05 Advanced Decision Handling, Inc. Highly automated agricultural production system
US5208855A (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-05-04 Marian Michael B Method and apparatus for irrigation control using evapotranspiration
US5323317A (en) * 1991-03-05 1994-06-21 Hampton Terry L Method and apparatus for determining runoff using remote geographic sensing
EP0627243A1 (en) * 1993-05-24 1994-12-07 Ohmeda Inc. Laser phototherapy
WO1995012138A1 (en) * 1993-10-29 1995-05-04 Harold Frederick Eastgate Liquid core optical waveguide
US5585626A (en) * 1992-07-28 1996-12-17 Patchen, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining a distance to an object in a field for the controlled release of chemicals on plants, weeds, trees or soil and/or guidance of farm vehicles
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3703133A (en) * 1970-03-31 1972-11-21 Spectral Data Corp Obtaining ground truth for multispectral photography
US4015366A (en) * 1975-04-11 1977-04-05 Advanced Decision Handling, Inc. Highly automated agricultural production system
US5323317A (en) * 1991-03-05 1994-06-21 Hampton Terry L Method and apparatus for determining runoff using remote geographic sensing
US5208855A (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-05-04 Marian Michael B Method and apparatus for irrigation control using evapotranspiration
US5585626A (en) * 1992-07-28 1996-12-17 Patchen, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining a distance to an object in a field for the controlled release of chemicals on plants, weeds, trees or soil and/or guidance of farm vehicles
EP0627243A1 (en) * 1993-05-24 1994-12-07 Ohmeda Inc. Laser phototherapy
US5689418A (en) * 1993-07-22 1997-11-18 Ag-Chem Equipment Co., Inc. Agricultural communication network
WO1995012138A1 (en) * 1993-10-29 1995-05-04 Harold Frederick Eastgate Liquid core optical waveguide

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1370126A2 (en) * 2000-10-23 2003-12-17 Phytech Ltd. Remote phytomonitoring
EP1370126A4 (en) * 2000-10-23 2010-03-24 Phytech Ltd Remote phytomonitoring
US6597991B1 (en) 2001-03-28 2003-07-22 Agrosense Ltd. System and method for remote monitoring of water stress status of growing crops

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL122389A0 (en) 1998-06-15
AU1445399A (en) 1999-06-16

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