WO1999041081A1 - Device and method for applying a medium to a substrate, system having a plurality of such devices, and use of such device, method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and to a method for applying a medium (12) in the form of liquid, powder or paste to a substrate (2), having a container (8) for the medium (12) and a transport device (1) which takes the medium (12) from the container (8) and discretely distributes it. In a propelling device the medium (12) is selectively transferred from the transport device to the substrate (2) with a propellant which is separate from the medium, or in the propelling device the medium is selectively removed from the transport device, and the remaining medium is transferred from the transport device to the substrate (2).

Description

Device and method for applying a medium to a substrate, system having a plurality of such devices, and use of such device, method and system.

The present invention relates to a device and to a method for applying a medium in liquid, powder or paste form to a substrate according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2, and 45 and 46, respectively, to a system having a plurality of such devices, as well as to a use of such device, method and system.

The substrate in question is preferably a textile substrate, although large area substrates may also quite generally be used, for example a substrate made of foil, nonwoven fabric, metal, carpet, plastic, paper, wallpaper, wood, glass, porcelain, ceramic or a similar material. The substrate may also be a printing support, for example a printing plate or a printing roll, to which it is necessary to apply printing ink as a medium prior to printing on a substrate made of paper, wallpaper etc. The advantage is that the medium can be applied at specific points on the printing support . With the medium a pattern is to be applied to such a substrate with the sharpest possible contours and a high resolution. Corresponding to the large number of different substrates indicated above, many methods and devices for patterning surfaces of such substrates are also known. If they are to function with a printing speed which is high enough for mass production, these methods and devices basically require stencils which are per se expensive to produce. An example which may be mentioned in relation to this is that of the textile printing industry: for the screen printing preferably employed in this case, millions of printing stencils are made year after year just for rotary and flatbed printing. A large number of gravure cylinders are also produced for printing on films.

For rotary screen printing, a distinction is essentially made between two ways of producing the stencils: these are directly patterned DEP stencils (DEP = Direct Electrolytic Patterning) and resined stencils. The - 2 -

DEP stencils have the pattern electrolytically applied directly to them and can thus be used without further etching. With DEP stencils, the pattern and the colour separation are therefore already incorporated into the relevant dies.

Conversely, for the production of resin stencils, cylindrical screens are firstly produced electrolytically in a relatively complicated way. Various etching resists are then applied, according to the etching technique which is being used. All the openings existing in the stencils are closed with the etching resist during this. The desired printing pattern is then created by controlled release of openings for the respective colour separated beforehand from the model . This procedure can be carried out either using photographic development and wet chemical washing of the resist, or by direct digital transfer of the information using a laser device which "burns off" the etching resist using a laser beam.

Resin stencils have the advantage over DEP stencils that, by removing and re-applying the resist, they can be reused many times for different designs, whereas the DEP stencils can be used only for one design.

In short, the production of printing stencils, whether rolls or plates for typographic or gravure printing on paper and film, or screen stencils for rotary printing or flatbed printing on textile or carpet, is elaborate. The same is also true as regards the resin stencils which can be used repeatedly, since with these, for repeated use, the resist firstly needs to be removed, after which resist is again applied, dried etc. and this is followed by etching. The production of such stencils finally only leads to economically viable products, for example printed textile, if the stencils are produced in large numbers and can be employed over an extended period of time for printing on large numbers of articles.

Now, especially in textile printing the problem arises that the time for which printing patterns are regarded as fashionable is becoming ever shorter, and at the same time the variety of patterns is increasing - 3 - continually. Always producing new stencils therefore leads, every time fashion changes, to new rises in costs for every shorter "yardages". This means that, especially in printing businesses in Europe and the USA, there are commonly large stocks of out-of-date stencils, the number of which may amount to several tens of thousands of stencils.

It should also be pointed out that stencil production as a whole, as well as stencil recycling, are very environmentally unfriendly and involve a large consumption of energy.

In view of this situation, consideration has already been given, for printing on textiles, to abandon the screen printing method and, for example, employ a digital inkjet printing method, successfully used in the paper industry, in order to transfer a pattern to textiles. In a method described in US 4,324,117, liquid droplets are sprayed from very fine nozzles onto well-defined points on a substrate. The colour mixing is in this case carried out with up to eight colours per colour poin . Each of the eight colours can be applied in 256 levels. In spite of this variety of colours, the colour space which can be obtained is limited in comparison with the colour space of the screen printing method.

Thus, inkjet printing methods do indeed have the advantage that it is possible to avoid the elaborate production of stencils, that they furthermore make it possible to print without regard to register, and that it is unnecessary to premix colour pastes. However, industrially usable production systems which make it possible to produce large yardages have not yet successfully been made. Individual systems have to date operated in the field of patterning with a printing speed of at most 1 m/min., while the average printing speed of a rotary printing machine is about 40 to 120 m/min. It should moreover be taken into account that, with the inkjet printing methods, the droplets are formed within very fine nozzles having diameters in the micrometer range, for example 10 μm. These fine nozzles therefore unavoidably give rise to the problem of their clogging. With such - 4 - nozzles, it is therefore only possible to use particular categories of colours in highly pure form for printing, in order to minimize the risk of the nozzles clogging. The colour space is accordingly also limited, and the use of, for example, metallic colours which are needed in fashion to obtain an iridescent effect, is out of the question.

A replacement for screen printing with stencils, which is suitable for mass production, has thus not yet been successfully found. From the abundant prior art, only a few documents will be dealt with below by way of example:

DE 31 37 794 C2 describes a device for continuously delivering a minimal amount of liquid to a web of material . This device has a fine-meshed screen and a blowing device directed against the screen. The screen rests in this case as a textile mesh belt without pressure on the web of material, or is guided or laid over it, and the blowing device is arranged above the mesh belt section carrying the ink. As a supplement to this, DE 31 46 828 C2 proposes using a bath as a liquid delivery device, and arranging the blowing device behind and at a higher level than the delivery device in the running direction of the endless screen bel . Such a device could per se be used for patterning/printing if etching is carried out beforehand.

DE 40 01 452 Al describes a device for continuously delivering a liquid to a web of material, having a moving screen, means for filling the openings in the screen and a blowing device for transferring the liquid held in the openings in the screen onto the web of material. The device for filling the openings in the screen consists of chambers which are arranged opposite one another on both sides of the screen and bear on the screen, one chamber being designed as a feed chamber and being connected to a liquid feed, while the other chamber is designed as a discharge chamber and is connected to a liquid drain.

Furthermore, DE 42 28 177 Al discloses a device for continuously delivering a liquid to a web of material having a moving screen, having filling chambers which are Cn Φ rrj TJ CQ β TJ - -β β A β Φ φ β ^•H rrj φ H U O rrj Φ Φ 0 Cn β rrj u 0 r^ M φ tn £ -β β _^ Φ ^•H 4-1 U A υ 4-1 β 4H 0 -H TJ 4-1 rrj o φ rrj 4J H rH o A -β 4-1 -H 0 0 -H > H Φ 0 £ rl Cn 03 rrj ε 5 Φ 4H rrj _^ > J rl cn 4-J rl φ 0 Φ -H β 03 β

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- 6 - it possible to use a plurality of such devices.

These objects are achieved according to the invention by providing a device having the features of claim 1 or 2, a system having the features of claim 43, and a method having the features of claim 44, 45 or 46, respectively. The invention is advantageously used for applying a pattern to large area substrates, in particular textile goods, for applying printing ink to particular regions of a printing support and for applying media for patterning supports for printing, especially screen printing, made of metal or plastic.

Advantageous refinements of the invention are given in the subclaims.

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention firstly propose, as a complete departure from the prior art, a separation between the propellant for propelling the medium, that is to say preferably a printing substance, to the substrate and the medium itself. In order to achieve this separation, the liquids used for the medium, for example solutions, dispersions, suspensions etc., or pastes and powders, are distributed in a transport device, preferably in discrete form. In the case of media in liquid or paste form, a capillary action due to small openings in the transport device is employed for filling this device. Specifically, this brings about spontaneous "filling" of the small openings, which leads to virtually "automatic" metering. After apportioning (if necessary) of the medium which is optionally carried out using squeegees, it is transported into the desired delivery zone and delivered from there by the propelling device which is adapted for propelling medium from selectable points of the delivery zone, the propelling device being controlled for selecting said points. The propellant preferably is a fluid, i.e. a liquid or a gas, in particular air. In the case of using a gas as the propellant, a pressure range of between 10³ and 10⁶ Pa (0.01 and 10 bar) is used.

Delivering the medium from selectable points of the delivery zone can be used directly (hereinafter: "direct - 7 - method") or indirectly (hereinafter: "indirect method") for forming a pattern on the substrate, although the direct method and the indirect method share the same inventive idea, and should be regarded as mutually "inverted" printing methods.

In the direct method, as described in claim 1, the medium propelled from the delivery zone is transferred directly to the substrate, and forms a part of the desired pattern on the substrate. In the indirect method, as described in claim 2, the medium propelled from the first delivery zone is not transferred to the substrate, but merely removed from the transport device. The medium remaining in the transport device is transferred to the substrate with a delivery device which may be e.g. in the form of a conventional blade squeegee or roller squeegee device (in which the transport device is in contact with the substrate) , or may alternatively be a non-selective propelling device (in which the transport device is not in contact with the substrate), e.g. of the type disclosed in AT-PS 175 956. Consequently, in the direct method and the corresponding device, the propelling device selectively propels the medium which is to be transferred from the transport device to the substrate, while in the indirect method and the corresponding device, the propelling device selectively propels the medium which is not to be transferred from the transport device to the substrate.

In a preferred embodiment of the method and device according to the invention, as a propellant short gas pulses are used, which can be selectively released from nozzles connected with controllable valves, thereby selectively releasing amounts of medium from the transport device, in the direct method onto the substrate over its width and length, and in the indirect method into a collecting device, preferably for recycling. The patterning is thus carried out by separating the medium or printing substance from the propellant. Namely, whereas in the case of the existing nozzle devices and methods for delivery to a substrate, a pre-pressurized liquid is used and is converted into droplets by thermal expansion or alternating - 8 - piezoelectric voltages, a procedure of this kind is superfluous, and moreover unusable, in the device according to the invention and in the method according to the invention. The propellant is blown in the form of gas, preferably air, onto the medium, so that the medium is transferred onto the substrate in the desired way (direct method) , or removed from the transport device whereby the remaining medium is delivered to the substrate in the desired way (indirect method) . Any problems in terms of cleaning the nozzles and their clogging are eliminated in the device according to the invention and in the method according to the invention, since in this case the nozzles merely output gas pulses and do not spray the medium. In the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention, the information which the pattern contains for the respective colours can be obtained from a computer which actuates the nozzles accordingly, so that they deliver the gas pulses in correspondence with the desired pattern.

As is known, the resolution of screen printing is a decisive parameter for its quality. In all screen printing methods and devices, the resolution (that is to say the density of the individual printing points) is rigidly dictated by the resolution of the stencil. This is due to the fact that screen printing methods and devices work exclusively using contact with the substrate, and the velocity between the substrate and the stencil always has, apart from small frictional effects, the same value. In this regard as well, the present invention in the direct method provides considerable advantages through a resolution that can be varied in a wide range. This variable resolution is actually achieved by separation of the propellant for applying the medium to the substrate from the medium, or printing substance, itself and furthermore by the possibility of adjusting a relative velocity between the transport device, or delivery device, on the one hand, and the substrate, on the other hand, and by the possibility of matching the resolution by - 9 - appropriately increasing the frequency with which the propellant is sent from the delivery device to the transport device, in order to supply the medium from the latter to the substrate without contact between the transport device and the substrate .

Through selective actuation of individual nozzles in pattern-related synchronization with the substrate, it is possible to transfer arbitrary patterns using the device according to the invention and the (direct) method according to the invention, while also increasing the speed of the transport device so as thereby to achieve variable resolution on the substrate. For example, by doubling the rotational speed of a transport drum which forms the transport device relative to the substrate, and doubling the delivery frequency of the gas pulses, a two-fold increase in the point density on the substrate can be achieved. It is therefore possible to transfer large amounts of colours onto the substrate, which is a great advantage especially in the textile printing industry. One possible way of patterning a substrate in the direct method consists in moving the substrate to be printed past the device according to the invention, or a system containing a plurality of such devices. The delivery is then carried out selectively over the width of the substrate, and its length, in order to transfer the desired pattern to the substrate without contact .

It is, however, also possible to move the device or the system past a fixed substrate to be printed, or appropriately scan this substrate, while delivering the pattern in the desired way to appropriate regions of the substrate.

In the indirect method the invention provides considerable advantages through the selective delivery of medium in a pattern related synchronization with the substrate, with which is not only possible to transfer an arbitrary pattern, but also to transfer relatively high amounts of medium suitable for textile printing. Substrates can be patterned with high speed, with well known media, and without register. The medium remaining in the transport 0 rrj . _^ TJ 4J 4H Φ _^ β Φ 4-J ϋ U £ β rl 0 XI 4H 03 Φ

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- 13 - screen, and the medium is the lacquer. The propelling device is used to remove lacquer from selected holes of the screen, which holes are to be used to let pass a printing substance during the use of the printing screen thus obtained.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, in which:

Figs. 1 to 3 show schematic sectional representations of various illustrative embodiments of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 4 shows a schematic plan view of a further illustrative embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 5 shows a schematic sectional representation of a further illustrative embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 5a shows a plan view of a nozzle plate,

Fig. 5b shows an advantageous refinement of nozzles and transport devices in plan view, Fig. 6 shows a block diagram for clarification of an illustrative embodiment of the method according to the invention,

Fig. 7 shows a schematic sectional representation of a further illustrative embodiment of the device according to the invention with a closed feeding system for the medium,

Fig. 8 shows a schematic sectional representation which clarifies how a hole detection can be carried out for synchronizing operation, in the device according to the invention,

Fig. 9 shows a schematic sectional representation of a system according to the invention having a plurality of devices for applying a medium to a substrate,

Fig. 10 shows a part of a transport drum with an encoder,

Fig. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of a further device according to the invention,

Fig. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the device of Fig. 11, rd φ tn 4H £ TJ

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- 15 -

The air feed 3 receives pressurized air. Another suitable gas may, of course, also be used instead of air as the propellant. In any case, the air from the air feed 3 reaches the valve 5 via the connecting piece 4. This valve 5 may be controlled electrically in synchronism with the motor for the transport device 1, and in accordance with a pattern to be delivered to the substrate 2, using a central processing unit (not shown) . If there are a plurality of printing stations (cf. Fig. 9), it is also possible to control decentralized, using a plurality of control units, each printing station being for example associated with one decentralized control unit. The valve 5 opens, in particular, with a frequency of for example from 0.1 kHz to 10 kHz, so that pressurized air is driven from the air feed 3 via the connecting piece 4 and the valve 5 to the nozzle 6 in order to deliver the medium 12 from the transport device 1 to the substrate 2 with the desired patterning. The distance between the transport device 1 and the substrate 2 is, for example, from 0.1 to 100 mm and, preferably, from 1 to 10 mm. The distance between the nozzle 6 and the transport device 1 may be between 0.01 and 10 mm, and preferably between 0.1 and 2.0 mm. For special applications, it is even possible to go below the lower limit . A suitable pressure range for the pressurized air is from 10³ to 10⁶ Pa (0.01 to 10 bar) .

The rotational speed, as well as the position of the holes of the transport device 1 may be measured by an encoder 40, illustrated in Fig. 10. The encoder 40 comprises two series of holes 41, 42 provided along and near an edge of a transport drum or rotary screen 43, the holes 41, 42 being detected without contact by sensors 44, 45, respectively, such as sensors for reflected light, sensors for transmitted light, air flow sensors, electromagnetic sensors, etc.. The holes 41, 42 have a predetermined and fixed relationship to holes 46 in the transport drum 43, thus allowing for determining, controlling and checking the rotary position and speed of the transport drum very accurately. It is also possible to β Φ co Φ Φ Φ 0 Φ

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- 17 - correspondingly applicable to these further illustrative embodiments .

In contrast to the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 1, which uses a horizontal nozzle arrangement, a vertical nozzle arrangement is provided in the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 2. The substrate 2 is in this case moved horizontally past, and below the transport device 1 in the direction of the arrow. As in the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 1, firstly the transport device 1 contains on the inside the air feed 3, the connecting piece 4, the valve 5 and the nozzle 6. As a supplement to the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 1, the container 8 for the medium 12 and a delivery roll 9 are also arranged inside the transport device 1 in the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 2. This delivery roll 9 takes the medium 12 from the container 8 and delivers it to the transport device 1, a magnetic or mechanical mating roll 10 exerting a compensating pressure on the delivery roll 9 contacting the transport device 1. The amount of medium 12 delivered is again apportioned by the squeegees 7, which are provided in the running direction (cf. the arrow) of the transport device 1, behind the rolls 9, 10. As has already been mentioned, the schematically represented squeegees may also be fully or partially replaced by squeegee rollers, for the purpose of apportioning the medium.

Fig. 3 shows a third illustrative embodiment of the device according to the invention, which differs from the illustrative embodiments in Figs. 1 and 2 by the way in which the medium 12 is fed into the transport device 1 : in the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 3, there is a storage container 8' outside the transport device 1, and this is connected via a pump 11 to a feed tube 13 inside the transport device 1. This feed tube 13 has perforations in its longitudinal direction, which caters for uniform distribution of the medium 12 over the longitudinal direction of the transport drum forming the transport device 1. A run-off plate 14 provided below the transport device 1 takes excess medium 12 and returns it to the container 8' . Such a run-off plate 14 may, of course, also - 18 - be provided in the illustrative embodiment in Fig. 2 if need be .

Fig. 4 shows a plan view of an illustrative embodiment of the invention, an air-feed shaft 15 being in particular shown here for the air feed 3. This air-feed shaft 15, which like the air feeds 3 in the illustrative embodiments in Figs. 1 to 3 run inside the transport device 1, has a cross section with decreasing area in order to compensate for the hydrostatic pressure drop and to obtain the most uniform possible prepressurization at the individual valves 5, so that the valves 5 actuated via control lines 17 in accordance with the pattern to be created, receive the same pressure as far as possible. The air itself is in this case input in the direction of an arrow 16 into the air-feed shaft 15.

Fig. 5 shows an illustrative embodiment in which two rows of nozzles 6 with corresponding valves 5 and connecting pieces 4 are provided. If need be, depending on the field of use of the device in question, it is even possible to arrange a larger number of rows of nozzles above one another, and at the same time offset or obliquely relative to one another. With such a multirow arrangement of nozzles 6, the resolution can be varied over the width of the substrate 2, or over the longitudinal direction of the transport drum which forms the transport device 1, with the possibility of also matching the speed at which the transport device 1 runs or at which the substrate 2 is moved. It has been shown that a 2- to 16-row, preferably 4- to 10-row arrangement of nozzles is advantageous. Fig. 5a shows a plan view of a nozzle plate, in which 16 rows of nozzles 6 are provided offset relative to one another.

Fig. 5b shows an arrangement of nozzles 6, in which these are fixed in the direction of motion of the transport device indicated by the large arrow, but displaceable at right angles relative to the direction of motion of the transport device indicated by the small arrows, that is to say at right angles to the rotational motion of the transport drum, with a suitable frequency by for example - 19 - half of one hole separation each. This makes it possible to expel medium from the openings 33 of the transport device 1 with a reduced number of nozzles 6. If, for example, the nozzles 6 are thus arranged in the middle between two openings 33, then the left-hand or right-hand opening 33 may respectively be used by displacement through one half of the opening separation, respectively. Such displacement could, for example, be carried out in a suitable way by a piezoelectric drive for individual valves, or alternatively for the entire row of nozzles.

As already mentioned at the start, it may be expedient for a printing aid, for example special chemicals, to be delivered using a foulard or a suitable delivery unit prior to the actual printing process, in the case of a textile substrate referred to in the prior art as pressure-pretreated goods. The means adopted for this, or corresponding procedure, is illustrated by a "loop" in Fig. 6, the left-hand half of which (part "A") shows the prior art, while the application of the method according to the invention ("JSP" or "Jet Screen Printing" method) is represented in the right-hand half (part "B"). In part "B" the "loop" with "chemical delivery" and "drying process" is not carried out in the normal case .

If, however, printing aids or chemicals are delivered and a drying process is thereupon carried out, then the printing process is subsequently carried out in accordance with the method according to the invention. Furthermore, where appropriate, it is also possible for "wet in wet" delivery of the printing aids or chemicals to be performed, this being followed by drying the substrate 2 to a desired residual moisture content of, for example, practically 0 to 50%, in particular 2 to 15%, before the method according to the invention is implemented. The process step in which printing aids are delivered may be carried out both discontinuously and continuously in one working step with implementation of the method according to the invention .

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- 22 - with holes is rotated in the direction of arrow 51, and takes up medium in each of its holes from a container 52. A propelling device 53 (Fig. 11) or 54 (Fig. 12) selectively removes the medium from predetermined holes of the transport drum 50. The propelling devices 53, 54 are controlled by a computer 55, in which data relating to a pattern 56 to be printed is stored and processed. The medium remaining in the holes of the transport drum is transferred by an element 57, such as a squeegee or a non- selective propelling device to a substrate 58 moving in the direction of arrow 59. In Fig. 11 the propelling device contains valves and nozzles delivering gas pulses for bringing medium to a collecting container 60, while in Fig.

12 the propelling device contains controllable electrostatic heads selectively removing the medium at predetermined points from the transport drum 50.

Fig. 13 shows a planar container 67 containing a flat opened transport device 1 which is mounted in a frame 66. A medium 12 (not shown in the Figure) is distributed by an applicator device 63 that is driven by a motor 61 and drive shaft 62. Medium 12 is transferred contactless with a delivery device 80 over the whole width of a substrate 2 which is transported intermittently on a belt 64, e.g. from the device shown in Fig. 13 to a next one for applying a next colour. An encoder 65 provides the position of the applicator device 63 with reference to the transport device 1.

Fig. 14 shows a modification of the device of Fig.

13 with a delivery device 81 which is not distributed over the whole width of the transport device 1, and instead is driven in the longitudinal direction of the applicator device 63 over the width of the transport device 1 by a second motor 68. This reduces the size of the delivery device 81. Via encoders 65 and 69 the position of the delivery device 81 is controlled.

The device according to the invention, and the method according to the invention, do not require the manufacture and patterning of stencils, as is currently necessary in the prior art. By selectively actuating a β 4J 03 TJ >. 03 TJ 4H _^ 4-J rd ΪH -H β A rd Φ • 0 φ ΪH TJ

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- 24 - can be used.

Claims

- 25 -CLAIMS

1. Device for applying a medium (12) in liquid, paste or powder form to a substrate (2) for forming a pattern on the substrate, the device comprising:

- a transport device (1) for taking the medium (12) and feeding it in a distributed way to a delivery zone; and

- a delivery device (3 to 6) for transferring the medium (12) from the delivery zone to the substrate (2) , the delivery device having a propelling device with a propellant which is separate from the medium, for propelling the medium from the delivery zone, wherein the propelling device is adapted for propelling medium from selectable points of the delivery zone, and in that control means are provided for controlling the propelling device for selecting said points.

2. Device for applying a medium in liquid, paste or powder form to a substrate (58) for forming a pattern on the substrate, the device comprising:

- a transport device (50) for taking the medium and feeding it in a distributed way subsequently to a first and a second delivery zone;

- a propelling device with a propellant which is separate from the medium, for propelling the medium from the first delivery zone; - a delivery device for transferring the medium from the second delivery zone to the substrate (58); wherein the propelling device is adapted for propelling medium from selectable points of the first delivery zone, and in that control means are provided for controlling the propelling device for selecting said points .

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the medium is taken discretely to the delivery zone or the first delivery zone, respectively.

4. Device according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the control of the propelling device is matched to the running speed of the transport device, - 26 - while taking into account the pattern to be applied.

5. Device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the propelling device is provided with nozzles (6) arranged over the width of the transport device (1) , and valves (5) respectively connected upstream of these nozzles.

6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the propellant is a fluid, in particular air.

7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that gas in a pressure range of between 10³ and 10^s Pa (0.01 and

10 bar) is used.

8. Device according to one of claims 5-7, characterized in that the valves (5) can be controlled with a frequency of from 0.1 kHz to 10 kHz so that the propellant delivers the medium to the substrate (2) in the form of gas pulses.

9. Device according to one of claims 5-8, characterized in that the nozzles (6) are arranged next to each other in a plurality of, preferably from two to ten, rows in a running direction of the transport device (1) .

10. Device according to one of claims 5-8, characterized in that the nozzles (6) are arranged next to each other and offset relative to one another in a plurality of, preferably from two to sixteen, rows in a running direction of the transport device (1) .

11. Device according to one of claims 5-8, characterized in that the nozzles are arranged next to each other in a plurality of, preferably from two to ten, rows obliquely with respect to a running direction of the transport device (1) .

12. Device according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the propelling device has a gas feed shaft (15) which runs essentially along the transport device (1) and whose cross-sectional variation is adapted for balancing the hydrostatic pressure drop, in particular being reduced starting from the feed opening until its end.

13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the gas feed shaft is routed inside the transport device.

14. Device according to one of claims 5-13, characteri- - 27 - zed in that the nozzles are arranged free to tilt at an angle of +90┬░ relative to the transport device.

15. Device according to one of claims 5-14, characterized in that the nozzles (6) can be displaced relative to the transport device (1) , in particular at right angles to its running direction.

16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the displacement of the nozzles (6) is matched to the distance between openings (33) in the transport device.

17. Device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the propelling device is provided with one or more heating devices arranged over the width of the transport device.

18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that each heating device comprises a laser device for heating the medium in one or more points of the delivery zone or first delivery zone, respectively.

19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that each heating device comprises a high frequency device for heating the medium in one or more points of the delivery zone or first delivery zone, respectively.

20. Device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the propelling device is provided with one or more electrostatic displacement devices arranged over the width of the transport device.

21. Device according to one of claims 1-20, characterized in that the transport device (1) consists of a rotatable transport drum provided with holes .

22. Device according to claim 21, characterized in that a position and a rotational speed of the transport drum are adjustable.

23. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that the position and the rotational speed of the transport drum are matched to a substrate position and speed while taking into account the pattern to be applied to the substrate (2) .

24. Device according to one of claims 1-20, characterized in that the transport device (1) consists of a belt provided with holes guided around at least two rollers. - 28 -

25. Device according to claim 24, characterized in that a position and a running speed of the belt is adjustable.

26. Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the position and the running speed of the belt is matched to a substrate position and speed while taking into account the pattern to be applied to the substrate (2) .

27. Device according to one of claims 21-26, characterized in that the position and the rotational speed of the transport drum or the position and the running speed of the belt, respectively, and the position of the holes is measured by detecting the holes.

28. Device according to one of claims 21-26, characterized in that the position and the rotational speed of the transport drum or the position and the running speed of the belt, respectively, and the position of the holes is detected by an encoder.

29. Device according to claim 28, characterized in that the transport drum or belt comprises at least one series of separate encoder holes provided near an edge of the transport drum or belt, respectively, the encoder holes being arranged to be detected by the encoder.

30. Device according to claim 27 or 29, characterized in that the holes are detected without contact.

31. Device according to claim 27, 29 or 30, characterized in that the holes are detected by an electromagnetic field detection device.

32. Device according to one of claims 1-31, characterized in that the transport device (1) and the substrate (2) move counter to one another.

33. Device according to one of claims 1-32, characterized in that the transport device (1) is arranged at a distance of between 0.1 and 100 mm away from the substrate (2) , in particular at a distance of between 1 and 10 mm away from the substrate (2) .

34. Device according to one of claims 1-33, characterized in that the distance between the propelling device and the transport device (1) is between 0.01 and 10 mm, in particular between 0.1 and 2.0 mm.

35. Device according to one of claims 1-34, - 29 - characterized in that a container (8) for the medium is provided inside or outside the transport device, or on both sides of it.

36. Device according to claim 35, characterized by a delivery roll (9) for transferring the medium from the container (8) to the transport device (1) , and a magnetic or mechanical mating roll (10) lying opposite the delivery roll (9) , behind the transport device (1) relative to the delivery roll (9) .

37. Device according to claim 35 or 36, characterized by at least one applicator device (7) for apportioning the medium (12) withdrawn from the container (8) .

38. Device according to claim 37, characterized in that the applicator device has a blade squeegee and/or a roller squeegee.

39. Device according to claim 35 or 37, characterized in that the medium (12) is fed from a container (8') to a feed tube (13) which is arranged in the transport device (1) and runs along the transport device, and is provided with perforations.

40. Device according to one of claims 35 to 39, characterized by a run-off plate (14) which is provided below the transport device (1) for returning excess medium

(12) to the container (8) .

41. Device according to one of claims 1-40, characterized in that the substrate (2) is fed on a endless belt (21) mounted over two or more deflection rollers.

42. Device according to claim 41, characterized in that the substrate (2) is adhesively bonded to the endless belt (21) .

43. System for applying medium (12) in liquid, powder or paste form to a substrate (2) fed along a predetermined direction, comprising a plurality of devices (25) according to one of claims 1 to 42, which are arranged one behind the other in said direction, the devices being controllable by a common central processing unit, or each device being controlled separately decentralized.

44. Method for operating the system according to claim 43, wherein all devices (25) during their operation are - 30 - actuated synchronized with one another using the central processing unit, or decentralized by respective individual control devices communicating with each other, for forming a pattern on the substrate, composed of patterns formed by the different devices together in synchronism.

45. Method for applying a medium (12) in liquid, powder or paste form to a substrate (2) for forming a pattern on the substrate, in which the medium (12) is taken by a transport device (1) and fed in a distributed way to a delivery zone in which a propelling device propels the medium from the delivery zone with a propellant which is separate from the medium, for transferring the medium (12) to the substrate (2) , wherein the medium is propelled from selected points of the delivery zone under the control of control means.

46. Method for applying a medium in liquid, powder or paste form to a substrate (58) for forming a pattern on the substrate, in which the medium is taken by a transport device (50) and fed in a distributed way subsequently to a first and a second delivery zone, in which first delivery zone a propelling device propels the medium with a propellant which is separate from the medium, wherein the medium is propelled from selected points of the first delivery zone under the control of control means, and then the medium is transferred from the second delivery zone to the substrate (58) .

47. Method according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that gas pulses having a frequency of from 0.1 kHz to 10 kHz are used as the propellant.

48. Method according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that heat is used as the propellant .

49. Method according to claim 45 or 46, characterized in that an electrostatic field is used as the propellant.

50. Method according to one of claims 45-50, characterized in that the medium (12) is delivered to the substrate (2) without contact between the transport device (1) and the propelling device.

51. Method according to one of claims 45-50, characterized in that printing aids are delivered to the - 31 - substrate (2) before the medium is applied to the substrate (2) .

52. Method according to claim 51, characterized in that the printing aids are delivered to the substrate (2) when it is dry.

53. Method according to claim 51, characterized in that the printing aids are delivered to a substrate (2) when it is wet.

54. Method according to claim 53, characterized in that a drying process is carried out after the printing aids have been applied, in order to dry the substrate (2) to a residual moisture content level of 2-15%.

55. Method according to one of claims 45-54, characterized in that the colours are mixed on the substrate (2) after appropriate colour separation.

56. Use of the device according to one of claims 1-42, the system according to claim 43 or the method according to one of claims 44-55, for applying a pattern to large area substrates, in particular textile goods, for applying printing ink to particular regions of a printing support.

57. Use of the device according to one of claims 1-42, the system according to claim 43 or the method according to one of claims 44-55, for applying a medium for patterning supports for printing, especially a screen for screen printing, made of metal or plastic.

58. Use of the device according to one of claims 1-42, the system according to claim 43 or the method according to one of claims 44-55, for patterning a printing form as the substrate by applying a patterning medium to the printing form.

59. Use according to claim 58, wherein the patterning medium is a patterning lacquer, a patterning resist, a wax or an ink .

60. Transport drum or belt for a device according to one of the claims 27-31.

61. Transport drum or belt according to claim 60, provided with medium holes for taking and feeding the medium discretely, and furthermore provided with encoder holes which are detectable by the encoder and which are - 32 - positioned in a fixed relationship to the medium holes.