WO1999060692A2

WO1999060692A2 - Magnetic circuit for rotating apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO1999060692A2
Application number: PCT/KR1999/000246
Authority: WO
Inventors: Youn Soo Bae
Original assignee: Enertec Korea Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1998-05-16
Filing date: 1999-05-17
Publication date: 1999-11-25
Also published as: RU2236743C2; AU4062399A; WO1999060692A3; AU758928B2; CN1098556C; CA2332423A1; US6717313B1; JP2002516559A; CN1302471A; EP1080527A2

Abstract

An energy conversion magnetic circuit is constituted with magnet pole pieces of magnets or armatures which are in parallel with respect to the shaft to obtain a dynamic force or an electromotive force. The magnetic circuit for a generator or an electric motor has a rotating shaft, a plurality of supporters fixedly mounted in a perpendicular direction to the circumference of the rotating shaft, a plurality of rotors arranged in parallel with respect to the shaft on each end of the plurality of supporters to be rotated by attraction force and repulsion force of a magnetic field, and a plurality of armatures having a coil wound on the body thereof. The coil is mounted at an interval outside the rotors and receives induced alternate magnetic flux of the rotors to generate a rectangular wave electromotive force or to obtain a high torque with input of electrical energy. The alternate magnetic flux generated when rotated, and magnet pole piece are arranged in parallel with the rotating shaft.

Description

MAGNETIC CIRCUIT FOR ROTATING APPARATUS

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a magnetic circuit for energy conversion having

a structure that magnets and magnet pole pieces(or planes) of an armature are

disposed in parallel with respect to the shaft of an electric motor in order for a flux of a

magnetic field to form a magnetic circuit in parallel with the shaft, to thereby obtain a

dynamic force or a rectangular wave electromotive force.

2. Description of the Prior Art

A rotating apparatus and a power system, which are used so far, is

structured vertically(at the right angle) when magnet 5 and magnet pole pieces(or

planes) of an armature are traversely disposed (hereinafter, referred to as -with

respect to a shaft-), so that a vertical type magnetic circuit is constructed which a

flux of a magnetic field is circulated in directions of york 7, armature 6, magnet 5,

armature 6, and magnet 5.

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a conventional vertical type electric motor

which has a magnetic flux in a vertical direction with respect to the motor shaft,

FIG. 1 B is a view for showing a flow of a magnetic field in the electric motor of FIG. 1A

As shown in FIG. 1A, the conventional electric motor includes an annular

stator 1 and a rotor 2 rotating in the annular stator 1. The annular stator 1 is constituted with an armature 6 and a york 7, and the rotor 2 has a shaft 3 and

magnet 5.

FIG.1 B shows a different structure from FIG. 1A. That is, magnet 15 is

formed on outside and an armature 16 is formed on inside to be rotated together

with an armature 16.

Since magnetic circuits in FIGs. 1A and 1 B, as shown in FIG. 1 B, forms a

flow of a magnetic flux vertically(at the right angle) with respect to the shaft when

rotating, the magnetic circuits produces a rectangular wave in electromotive force

signal system or generates a torque by means of a rectangular wave control input.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 A, in order for the magnet pole pieces of magnet

5 be formed in the vertical direction with respect to the shaft to be rotated,

mechanical vibration of applied attraction and repulsion forces by means of the

flow of a magnetic field is applied in the cross-sectional direction, to thereby apply

much stress on the shaft. Particulary, this phenomenon at a high speed increases load to the shaft.

In order to solve the problem, strenuous exertion has been invested for the

development of high strength material of excellent tensile toughness and for high

precision machining technology so as to inevitably increase the production cost.

Further, the magnetic circuit in the conventional vertical circuit type electrical

motor has another cost increase factor with respect to the maintenance fee and

production cost because of a magnetic loss by a magnetic resistance according to

multilevel flows of a magnetic field, an energy loss by iron core loss, etc., according

to unnecessary material, and material loss by unnecessary magnetic circuit

structures. FIG. 2A is a view for showing a conventional three-phase full-wave rectifier

circuit, FIG. 2B is a view for showing a voltage wave by a conventional three-phase

generator, and FIG. 3C is a view for showing a rectified wave of a voltage wave

generated by a conventional three-phase generator through the rectifier circuit of

FIG. 2A.

As shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C, rectification from an alternate current(AC)

wave to a direct current(DC) wave(actually, a pulsating wave) requires a complex

circuit including an Y-connection and diodes D1 , D2, D3, D4, D5, and D6. Further,

high precision filters are required in order to obtain an nearly complete direct

current wave.

However, in actual, since it is difficult to obtain a complete DC current in a

high voltage, the cost is increased in a system requiring a nearly complete high DC

voltage with energy loss by various constituents used for obtaining a high and pure

DC voltage.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, it is a first object to provide a magnetic

circuit for a rotating apparatus having magnet pole pieces(planes) of a magnetic

rotor or a static armature (structures such as magnetic stator and rotating armature

are included) disposed in parallel with a shaft(when the shaft is traversely

disposed) as a magnetic circuit for a magnetic flux of magnet side to be circulated

in the traverse(parallel) direction, to thereby obtain a high torque rotation force by a

highly efficient rectangular electromotive force according to a mechanical rotation

force and by a rectangular wave control electric power according to an electric energy.

It is a second object to provide a magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus

having a propeller mounted on a supporter connecting a shaft and a rotor with pole

pieces disposed in parallel with respect to the shaft, to thereby obtain a propulsion

force by using an air convection phenomenon appearing upon the rotation of the

propeller or a rectangular wave electromotive force by -wind force- which is a

mechanical propulsion force.

It is a third object to provide a magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus

having a wave washer between the shaft and bearings so that mechanical

vibrations appearing in parallel with the shaft are absorbed and the mechanical

vibrantions apprearing by the operation of attraction and repulsion forces applied

perpendicularly to the shaft are minimal compared to other device, thereby

obtaining a high speed rotation force.

It is a fourth object to provide a magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus

having a matrix-structured magnetic circuit providing a twist angle to magnets and

rotors so that a spiral flow of a magnetic field flux is derived to reduce a reaction

force of an armature occurring upon generation of an electromotive force and a

high speed rotating force is obtained upon generation of a mechanical dynamic

force. It is a fifth object to provide a magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus having

a compound structure of multilayers of magnets and armatures on the same shaft

wherein one layer is used as an exciter and another layer is used as a rotor or a

synchronous machine.

It is a sixth object to provide a magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus with a flow of a magnetic field circulated traversely (in parallel) in directions of magnet,

armature and magnet with respect to the shaft, thus capable of reducing material

loss by eliminating a york which connects armatures or magnets.

It is a seventh object to provide a magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus

having a magnetic resistance of a slit between armatures(phases) and magnets in

order for a flux of a magnetic field not to be circulated between the armatures and

magnets, so that a magnetic field flux in magnets is guided to be magnetically

circulated along an armature to a neighboring magnets, to thereby obtain a

rectangular wave of an electromotive force occurring according to interlinkage of

magnetic field flux circulated in coils of an armature.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects of the present invention will become readily

apparent by reference to the following detailed description when considered in

conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a conventional vertical type electric motor

and synchronous machine which has a magnetic flux in a vertical direction with

respect to the motor shaft;

FIG. 1B is a view for showing a flow of a magnetic field in the electric motor

of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 2A is a view for showing a conventional 3-phase full wave rectifying

circuit;

FIG. 2B is a view for showing a voltage waveform by a conventional 3-phase

generator; FIG. 2C shows a full-wave rectified waveform of a voltage waveform of a

conventional 3-phase generator;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a 4-pole 3-phase generator

according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4A shows a waveform of a magnetic field of 4-pole 3-phase generator

according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIGs. 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E show electromotive force waveforms of a 3-phase

generator according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIGs. 5A and 5B are load state views of a generator according to one

embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a view for showing a magnetic flow of a single phase motor

according to another embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of operations of a single phase motor

according to another embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic circuit for

a rotating apparatus which is employed for a rectangular wave generator or a

rectangular wave electric motor includes a rotating shaft, a plurality of supporters

fixedly mounted perpendicularly to the rotating shaft, a plurality of rotors each

mounted to each end of the plurality of supporters in order for pole pieces(faces) to

be parallel with the rotating shaft so that the rotors are rotated by an attraction

force and a repulsion force of a magnetic field, and a plurality of stators

(armatures) mounted in a certain interval to each other and each having a coil on their body to obtain alternate magnetic field flux from the pole pieces( faces) of the

rotors (magnets) occurring upon rotation of the rotors.

Further, according to a preferred characteristic of the present invention, a

rectangular wave electric power generator, a annular magnetic field flux deriver,

and a mechanical dynamic power generator, a phase angle detector, and a

position detector are included. The rectangular wave electric power generator has

C-type, U-type, and l-type or twist-structured C-type, U-type, and l-type armatures

for derivation of an alternate magnetic field flux (or magnetic flux) of a magnet

generated upon rotation. A york that is a magnetically circulating medium between

armatures and magnets is eliminated to generate a rectangular wave electromotive

force and a rectangular wave signal according to discontinuous flow of magnetic

field flux by a magnetic resistance.

According to a preferred characteristic of the present invention, the annular

magnetic field flux deriver has an armature and magnet. The bodies of the

armature and magnet have skew-structured twist angles so that a flow of a

magnetic flux upon rotation is formed annually.

The mechanical dynamic power generator has a plurality of armatures and a

plurality of magnets so that rotors are rotated by a rectangular wave alternate

magnetic flux generated by electric energy. The rotors are disposed in raw with

respect to the shaft so that parallel driving is enabled according to a required

torque quantity.

The phase angle detector and the position detector obtain phase angles and

position information according to a quantity change of a rectangular wave

electromotive force by means of a different winding number of coil mounted on an armature at a necessary position.

As another preferred characteristic of the present invention, a magnetic

circuit of complex functions for a rotating apparatus. The magnetic circuit has the

multilayer of magnets and armatures on one shaft, some layers are used for rotors,

some are used for synchronous machines or rectangular wave generators, and the

other are used for exciters which excites magnet.

According to another preferred characteristic of the present invention, a

magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus having a DC electric power generator is

further provided. In the DC electric power generator, rectangular wave electric

powers from a plurality of armatures are connected in a single phase-type manner

to produce a DC electric power.

As shown in FIG. 3, rotors 27 are fixed to supporters 29, and pole pieces of

the rotors 27 are mounted in parallel with respect to the shaft 23. Further, coils 28

is mounted on the stators 26 to be opposite to pole pieces(faces) with respect to

the shaft 23.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a 4-pole 3-phase rotor is, for

possible convenience, shown for description of a rotating operation.

Accordingly, stators 26 are disposed in interval of 60 degree, so there are

six stators 26. Even though there is not shown here, these stators-26 are fixed by

the housing. Rotors 27 are disposed in interval of 90 degree and mounted on one

ends of supporters 29 fixed to the shaft 23. The polarity of one rotor has an

opposite polarity or the same polarity (not shown) to the neighboring rotor as

shown in FIG. 3.

The number and polarity of the stators 26 and rotors 27 may be changed. Further, a propeller(not shown) may be mounted on a supporter which connects

the shaft 23 and the rotor 27 or between the shaft 23 and the rotor 27, so that

propulsion force is obtained from air convection phenomenon generated by the

rotation of the rotors 27.

In the rectangular wave generator(not shown) according to the embodiment

of the present invention, as the shaft 23 is rotated by an external dynamic power, a

magnetic rotor generates triangle wave magnetic flux. The triangle wave magnetic

flux is induced to an armature to generate a rectangular waves as shown in FIGs.

4B, 4C, and 4D to winding coils. The triangle waves are generated by a matrix-

structured magnetic circuit and current controls of the field in the apparatus

according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4E is a view for showing a conversion to a DC electric power by

composite waves of FIGs. 4B, 4C, and -4D.

Further, sinusoidal waves are made by a phase interval and field structure.

FIGs. 5A and 5B are views for showing a load state of a generator according

to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5A, when described with 4-pole 3-phase, as given from a

magnet (A) to a magnet (D), armatures 52-1 and 52-2 of one body in a twisted

structure does not show any polarity as any load is not applied, but show an

induced opposite polarity to a magnetic flux as load is applied, according to the

Lenz law.

However, according to the embodiment of the present invention, as the

above magnet state, that is, as given from the magnet (A) to the magnet (D), is

rotated in an arrow direction denoted above the magnet (A) by an external dynamic force and the magnet (A) escapes from magnet pole pieces(face) 52-1 and 52-3, a

magnet polarity S1 is induced in the magnet pole piece(face) 52-1 of the armature

and a magnet polarity N1 is induced in the magnet pole piece(face) 52-2 of the

armature of a twist structure. Therefore, the rotation of the magnet (A) is

interrupted and the rotation of the magnet (B) is promoted in the rotation direction.

By such operation, the action and reaction of an armature occur together,

which is a characteristic factor of the present invention that can not be obtained in

the conventional generator.

At this time, the magnets are arranged at the right angle or at a different

angle if necessary.

In FIG. 5B, the magnets are arranged in the same polarity and armatures

are arranged side by side with respect to the magnets. As rotated in the arrow

direction denoted over the magnet (A) by load of an external dynamic force, a

magnetic polarity S1 is induced on the magnet pole piece(face) of an armature 53-

1 when the magnet (A) gets out of magnet pole pieces (faces) of armatures 53-1

and 53-3, and the magnet pole piece (faces) of armature 53-3 of the body by the

same arrangement structure is induced to a magnetic polarity N1 , so that the

magnet (A) is drawn back for the rotation to be interrupted and the magnet (B) is

also interrupted in its progress by the magnet pole pieces(faces) of other armatures

53-2 and 53-4. However, the purpose of the magnetic circuit of FIG. 5B is for

obtaining an on-off signal so that much energy is not consumed.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a flow of a magnetic field when operated as

an electric motor by applying current to a coil of a stator in a single phase motor

having six rotors in interval of 60 degree in a digital generator of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a view for explaining operations of FIG. 6.

Accordingly, a spiral flow of a magnetic field is shown with a structure having

a supporter and a rotor further mounted in interval of 60 degree from the structure

of FIG. 3.

Stators with coils wound and a rotors 63 are shown in FIG. 6, and, in FIG. 7,

magnet pole pieces(faces) of stators 71-1 and 71-2 as an integral stator 71 has a

skew angle to induce a spiral flux of a magnetic field, so that a rotating force of a

rotor 73 is smoothly generated.

That is, a magnetic flux of a rotating magnet 63 passes through a slit to be

induced on a magnet pole piece 61A of a static armature, and the induced

magnetic flux 65 moves along another static armature 68 up to another rotating

magnet 67. With this operation repeated, a rotating force by a spiral flux of a

magnetic field is generated.

The apparatus according to the present invention has the following effects

through some embodiments.

That is, as applied to a generator, since an electromotive force wave is a

rectangular wave, a DC conversion characteristic is excellent, material loss is small

since only necessary material is machined with less redundancy of a magnetic

circuit. The minimization of the material loss brings the minimization of iron core

loss and magnetic resistance to reduce energy loss.

Further, since the action and reaction is simultaneously applied when

loaded, the minimization of a mechanical energy is achieved and a conversion loss

from AC to DC can be minimized.

In the meantime, as applied to an electric motor, since the rotation movement is that attraction force and repulsion force is applied in parallel with

respect to the shaft, it is easy to absorb a vibration wave by a mechanical vibration

so that a high speed rotation can be obtain, and since a skew space arrangement

and a twist angle are easily obtained, calking torque can be reduced greatly.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus having a parallel structure or a

skew structure of magnet pole pieces of magnets or armatures with respect to a

shaft, comprising:

a rotating shaft;

a plurality of supporters fixedly mounted in a perpendicular direction to the

circumference of the rotating shaft;

a plurality of rotors rotated by attraction force and repulsion force of a

magnetic field, a magnet pole piece being arranged in parallel with respect to the

shaft on each end of the plurality of supporters; and

a plurality of armatures (stators) having a coil wound on the body thereof,

the coil being mounted at an interval ouside the rotors and receiving induced

alternate magnetic flux of the rotors, the alternate magnetic flux generated when

rotated, and magnet pole pieces being arranged in parallel or in skew with the

rotating shaft.

2. The magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,

wherein the rotors have the parallel structure or the skew structure of the magnet

pole pieces of the magnets with respect to the shaft so as to be rotated by a force

of a magnetic field in a parallel direction with the rotating shaft.

3. The magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,

wherein the armatures have the parallel structure or the skew structure of magnet pole pieces of magnets or armatures with respect to the shaft, and the magnets or

armatures are one of C-type, U-type, and l-type.

4. The magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,

wherein the magnet pole pieces of the magnets or the armatures have a parallel

structure or a skew structure with respect to the shaft, and the magnets or the

armatures have propellers on a supporter between the shaft and the rotors.

5. The magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus which comprises, the

magnet pole pieces of the magnet or the armatures having the parallel structure or

the skew structure with respect to the shaft and the rotors being rotated by a force

of a magnetic field formed in the parallel direction with the rotating shaft and thus

minimizing the lateral vibration of the shaft under rotation.

6. A magnetic circuit for a rotating apparatus having a parallel structure or a

skew structure, the rotating apparatus being a rectangular wave generator or a

rectangular wave electric motor, comprising:

rectangular wave electric power generating means for generating a

rectangular wave electromotive force and a rectangular wave signal with a

discontinuous flow of a magnetic flux by eliminating a york which is a magnetic

circulation medium between armatures and magnets;

spiral magnetic flux deriving means constituting a magnetic circuit which

generates a spiral flow of a magnetic flux on rotation with the bodies of armatures

or magnets having a twist angle of a skew structure; mechanical dynamic force generating means having a rotation unit

constituted with a plurality of armatures and a plurality of magnets in order for a

rotor to be rotated by a rectangular wave alternate magnetic flux generated with

input of electrical energy, and enabling parallel driving according to a required

quantity of torque by constituting a plurality of the rotation units in row with respect

to the shaft; phase detecting means and position detecting means for obtaining a phase

angle and position information according to a quantity change of a rectangular

wave electromotive force generated by an armature of a different winding at a

required position; and

direct current electric power generating means for generating a direct

current electric power by collectively connecting rectangular wave electric powers

of a plurality of armatures in a single phase manner.