WO1999063182A1

WO1999063182A1 - Method and vehicle for mechanically fixing a strip of roofing material on the framing of a roof

Info

Publication number: WO1999063182A1
Application number: PCT/DE1999/001675
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lothar Kerschgens; Holger Rupprecht
Original assignee: Braas Flachdachsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 1998-06-03
Filing date: 1999-05-28
Publication date: 1999-12-09
Also published as: EP1084315A1; DE19824726C1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for mechanically fixing a strip of roofing material (20, 58) on the framing (14) of a roof (10), wherein fixing means (22) are anchored in the framing (14) with a placement device (90). In order to enable error-free fixing of the strips, the placement device (90) is moved by a vehicle (12) whose movement is controlled by a control unit (50), the geometry of the surface of the roof (32), the position (48) of the fixing means (22) and the location of the vehicle (12) on the roof (10) being previously determined for said control unit in the form of coordinates. On the basis of the location of the vehicle (12) and the coordinates of the position (48) of the fixing means (22), the control unit (50) determines the trajectory (52) required to move to said position (48). The placement device (90) is positioned by the vehicle (12).

Description

Method and vehicle for mechanically fastening a roofing membrane to a supporting structure of a roof

The invention relates to a method for mechanically fastening a roofing membrane to a supporting structure of a roof, in which a fastening means is anchored in the supporting structure with a setting device, from which the roofing membrane passes and is pressed against the supporting structure. The invention also relates to a vehicle for performing the method.

Roofing sheets installed on the roof of a building must be mechanically fastened to the supporting structure of the roof with fastening means so that the roofing sheets cannot be lifted off the roof by wind loads. The fastening means are usually arranged in fastening rows running parallel to the edges of the roofing membrane and, if necessary, covered by an adjacent roofing membrane. The total number of fasteners required is calculated individually for each roof, taking into account the expected wind loads.

Since a roof surface can be designed differently with regard to its shape and size as well as the number and arrangement of roof structures, there is a special arrangement of the fastening means for each roof, in which a different number of fastening means is to be provided in the individual areas of the roof in accordance with the building regulations; For example, at least three fasteners are to be provided per square meter of roof area in the central area of a roof, up to more than ten in the corner area and an intermediate number in the edge area.

The aim should be to distribute the fasteners as evenly as possible within one area. This is done in areas that have a large number of fasteners require, that is, in the corners and edge areas of the roof, - the distance between the rows of fasteners reduced, resulting in an increased number of rows of fastenings in these areas. The distance between the fasteners within a row of fasteners can be adjusted within certain limits to the number of fasteners required per square meter. A distance of more than 50 cm as well as a distance of less than 15 cm should be avoided.

The specific arrangement of the fasteners for the roof is often not adhered to when fastening the roofing membranes, because the fastening means are often installed in the wrong position, so that the roofing membranes are only insufficiently fastened to the supporting structure of the roof.

A fastening means with a holding element, a fastening element and a cover element is known from DE 42 05 140 Cl. The fastening element can be plugged through the holding element and the cover element can be plugged onto the fastening element. When fastening a roofing membrane, a fastening means must be assembled from a holding element, a fastening element and a cover element, which is then assembled manually in one work step using a setting device. After the fastening means has been installed, the holding element lies on the top of the roofing membrane, while the fastening element penetrates and in the layers lying on the supporting structure, for example the roofing membrane, the thermal insulation layer and the vapor barrier layer

Support structure is anchored. The cover element covers the holding element and the through hole caused by the fastening element in the roofing membrane.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for mechanically fastening a roofing membrane, which enables the fastening means to be installed more quickly and easily allowed and an error-free fastening of the roofing membrane on the supporting structure guaranteed.

The object is achieved in that the setting device on the roof is moved by a vehicle, the movement of which is controlled by a control unit which in the form of the geometry of the roof surface, the position of the fastening means to be mounted thereon and the location of the vehicle on the roof of coordinates is specified that based on the location of the vehicle and

Coordinates of the fastener, a path curve required for moving to this position for the vehicle is determined by the control unit, and that the setting device is positioned by the vehicle at the position of the fastener.

The coordinates specific to the roof are given to the control unit. This can be Cartesian or polar coordinates. The geometry of the roof area is defined, for example, by the coordinates of the corner points and the coordinates of the corners of roof structures present on the roof area. The positions of the individual fasteners on the roof surface, which are specially adapted to the roof, are also determined by their coordinates.

Before starting work, the control unit is calibrated to the coordinate system. For this purpose, the vehicle is positioned at a first reference point described by its coordinates. In this way, the control unit knows the location of the vehicle on the roof at the first reference point. The vehicle is then guided to a second reference point. The distance traveled is recorded by the control unit by means of a displacement sensor. The control unit can calculate the unit coordinate distance on the basis of the coordinates of the two reference points and the distance between them. Starting from the second reference point, the further workflow takes place automatically. For this are the Control unit enter the coordinates of the position for the fastener to be set. The control unit uses the location of the vehicle and the coordinates of the position of the next fastener to be set to determine a path curve required to approach this position. The position of the roof structures is automatically taken into account. Since the positioning of the setting device is no longer carried out manually, a fast and error-free arrangement of the fastening means is guaranteed, in which the distances between the fastening means ή in a fastening row are always exactly maintained. The roofing membranes are therefore securely fastened to the supporting structure in all areas of the roof.

For each building, the coordinates of the positions of the fastening means to be arranged on the roof are calculated individually in accordance with the geometry of the roof area depending on the wind load and in accordance with the building regulations. This calculation is preferably carried out using a computer program. The coordinates can be used to

Control unit can be transferred, for example, as a file online or offline. It goes without saying that a correspondingly programmable control unit can carry out the calculation of the positions for fastening means itself.

The movement of the vehicle can be monitored if the location of the vehicle is determined by communication with at least one transmitter and / or receiver unit serving as a fixed point. A transmitter unit can be a geostationary satellite, for example. Alternatively, radio transmitters can be set up on the edges of the roof surface, for example, to enable hyperbolic navigation. Direction-finding signals can also be emitted by the vehicle, which are reflected on the installed reflector units. The control unit is informed of the location of the vehicle on the roof. A fastener cannot be anchored at any point on the supporting structure. For example, the fastening means known from DE 42 05 140 Cl can only be anchored in a trapezoidal support structure due to the limited length of its fastening element in the area of the raised bead. If the setting device were positioned above the deep bead of the supporting structure, the relatively short fastening element could no longer penetrate the supporting structure. Such an error can be prevented if a region of the supporting structure suitable for anchoring the fastening means is located prior to assembly. In this case, it may be necessary to deviate slightly from the specified position. This is done independently by the control unit.

When the fastener is anchored in the supporting structure, a through hole is created in the roofing membrane that must be sealed. The sealing can be done in the edge region of the roofing membrane arranged by the fastening means are each covered by the adjacent roofing membrane.

If a covering by the adjacent roofing membrane is not possible, a fastening means with a cover element can be used. In this way, the fastening element or the through hole caused by it in the roofing membrane is covered by the cover element.

A fast mounting of a fastener, which has a holding element, a fastening element and a cover element, is possible in that the holding elements, the fastening elements and the cover elements are carried by the vehicle by first placing the holding element in the intended position on the top of the roofing membrane that subsequently in the same position

Fastening element is positioned above the holding element in the movement path of the setting device and anchored in the supporting structure and that subsequently in the same position, the cover element is applied. Both the fastening element and the cover element can be installed with the same setting device if it has at least one assembly tool for the fastening element.

In this method, the fastening means is assembled in several steps, namely positioning and placing the holding element, positioning the fastening element, anchoring the fastening element, positioning and applying the cover element. The assembly in individual work steps makes it possible to assemble the fastener efficiently from the individual elements during assembly. At the same time, individual assembly steps offer an ideal starting point for automating the process.

To anchor the fastening element in the supporting structure, it is advantageous if the setting device is moved in a movement path running approximately at right angles to the top of the roofing membrane. In this way, a high normal force can be exerted by the fastening element, which facilitates the penetration into the layers lying on the supporting structure and the supporting structure.

To position the three elements of a fastener in the intended position on the roof surface, either the holding element can first be put down from the vehicle and then the vehicle can be moved until the setting device reaches this position, or that

The vehicle is immediately positioned so that the setting device is in the intended position on the roof surface and the holding element is placed there. In both cases, a fastening element and finally a cover element are then introduced into the movement path of the setting device. In the first case, the holding element is put down and the vehicle with the setting device is moved relative to the element. In the second case, the holding element in the Movement path of the positioned setting device brought and stored there so that the vehicle can stop.

For this purpose, at least the holding element and the cover element can be transferred into receptacles which are introduced into the movement path of the setting device. The recordings can be reversed. The recordings are preferably moved on a circular path.

The fastening element can also be supplied and fastened with the aid of the receptacle. It is easier if the fastening element is fed directly to the assembly tool of the setting device and the latter is lowered towards the roofing membrane. The fastener can be automatically inserted in the path of movement of the assembly tool. The holding element can be penetrated by the fastening element.

The fastening element can be designed, for example, as a self-drilling screw. With its drill tip, the self-drilling screw can easily penetrate into a support structure made of trapezoidal sheet metal and anchor itself with its threaded section in the support structure. Here, the self-drilling screw is tightened in the direction of the supporting structure, with its head being placed against the holding element, so that the holding element is pressed against the roofing membrane and this in turn is pressed against the layers lying on the supporting structure. At least one torque can therefore be transmitted from the assembly tool of the setting device to the fastening element.

After the fastening element is anchored in the supporting structure, the cover element can be connected to the holding element. The connection can be form-fitting, for example, as a snap-in connection. A particularly secure connection is non-positive, for example as a screw connection. That for screwing The required torque can be transferred from the assembly tool to the cover element.

The holding element of an assembled fastener, which is pressed against the roofing membrane, can be protected against infiltration by capillary rainwater if the cover element is connected to the roofing membrane in a liquid-tight manner. In order to achieve a cohesive connection, an adhesive and / or sealant can be introduced between the cover element and the roofing membrane or holding element. The cover element and roofing membrane can preferably be welded together. This can be done chemically, for example, by applying a sweat welding agent to the top of the roofing membrane and the underside of the covering element, and then pressing the covering element against the roofing membrane by the setting device! Alternatively, the cover element and the roofing membrane can be thermally welded by their lower or Top are melted. The energy required for melting can be supplied, for example, in the form of hot gas or frictional heat. The required

Frictional heat can be generated particularly easily if a torque and a compressive force are transmitted from the assembly tool to the cover element, so that it is pressed against the roofing membrane under rotation and pressure.

For complete welding of the cover element and roofing membrane, it is advantageous if at least the top of the roofing membrane is cleaned. The cleaning process removes dirt particles from the roofing membrane, so that there is a weld seam free of inclusions. The roofing membrane can be degreased when cleaning. Since the quality of the weld is also influenced by environmental factors such as u. a. depends on the temperature of the roofing membrane and the air humidity, the roofing membrane can be dried and / or preheated before welding.

A vehicle for performing the method according to the invention has a setting device for anchoring a Fastening means in the supporting structure, it has a drive unit which can be controlled by a control unit, and it has a data input unit via which the control unit at least the geometry of the roof surface and the positions of the to be assembled

Fastening means can be specified in the form of coordinates, so that the control unit can use the location of the vehicle on the roof and the coordinates of the position of a fastening means to determine a path curve required to approach this position and to generate the control signals required for starting up for the drive unit.

The vehicle has particularly high maneuverability if it has drive chains which can be driven synchronously by the drive unit for straight-ahead driving and asynchronously for steering the vehicle. In order to avoid damage to the roofing membrane by the drive chains of the vehicle, the drive chains should be made of a soft material. It is understood that the vehicle can also be designed as a wheeled vehicle. In this case, a steering unit that can be controlled by the control unit and acts on the wheels of the steering axle can be provided.

If the vehicle is electrically driven, the vehicle can move freely if it has an accumulator.

To monitor the respective location of the vehicle, a location determination unit with a

Transmitter-receiver unit can be provided. Communication between the transmitter-receiver unit and the transmitter unit serving as a fixed point can take place by means of electromagnetic waves.

A region of the supporting structure that is suitable for anchoring the fastening element can be located if the setting device has at least one sensor. The sensor can detect the raised bead inductively, for example, in a supporting structure made of steel trapezoidal sheet. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjustable to differentiate between the high and low beads of the trapezoidal sheet or to adapt to the thickness of the layers lying on the trapezoidal sheet.

If the supporting structure consists of non-ferromagnetic material, a marking which can be detected by the sensor can be provided on the supporting structure. The marking can be designed, for example, as a strip applied to the top of the supporting structure.

Since the sensor is moved relative to the supporting structure when the setting device is positioned, a signal can be generated by the sensor as soon as an area of the supporting structure suitable for anchoring reaches the response area of the sensor.

The vehicle can have a first magazine for holding elements, a second magazine for fastening elements and a third magazine for cover elements, as well as at least one ejection unit with which an individual holding element or a single cover element can be removed from the associated magazine. The discharge unit can, for example, place the holding element on the roofing membrane.

The first magazine and the third magazine can be designed as a hollow profile in which the holding elements or the cover elements can be stacked. The holding and covering elements are preferably stacked vertically one above the other so that the movement of the holding or covering elements within a magazine can take place by gravity and / or spring force.

The holding and covering elements can be removed individually if their magazines each have a discharge unit. For example, one discharge unit can have two have mutually opposite grippers with an approximately V-shaped cross section, which are pivotable about an axis arranged at their tip and running parallel to the top of the roof. The edge of a holding or a covering element lies on the legs of the grippers.

Depending on the swiveling direction of the grippers, the lower legs or the upper legs move apart. In this way, the lowest holding or covering element held between the grippers can fall out of the magazine as soon as the lower legs open. The next holding or covering element can slide between the lower legs of the grippers as soon as the upper legs open.

The setting device can be at about right angles to

Moving path running on the top of the roofing membrane. The setting device can be provided with at least one assembly tool.

The elements can be positioned by moving the vehicle if the first magazine and the setting device are arranged in a line, preferably in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

Movement of the vehicle is not necessary during the assembly process of a fastening means if a feed device is provided for introducing the elements into the movement path of the setting device.

The feed device can have at least one with a

Have holding element or receptacle that can be fitted with a cover element, which can be introduced into the movement path of the setting device. To move the receptacle, the feed device can have a linear motor that enables a reversing linear movement of the receptacle. For example, an electric actuator or a piston-cylinder unit can be used as the linear motor. The receptacle can be attached to a lever, the axis of rotation of which is preferably arranged at right angles to the top of the roofing membrane, so that the receptacle moves on a circular path.

The construction of the feed device is designed to be favorable in terms of machine dynamics if the lever is designed with two arms and diametrically opposite each has a receptacle for a holding element or for a cover element, so that centrifugal forces that occur equalize.

The first magazine for the holding elements and the third magazine for cover elements are advantageously arranged diametrically opposite on the circular path of the receptacles.

Such a construction enables a particularly efficient operation of the feed device, because a holding element can be transferred from the first magazine into the first receptacle, while a cover element is transferred from the third magazine into the second receptacle. The assembled receptacles can then be introduced one after the other into the movement path of the setting device.

The fastening element can be fed in without the aid of the receptacle if the second magazine can be pivoted into the movement path of the setting device. The second magazine can be designed in the manner of a revolver magazine, so that a fastening element when lowering the setting device from

Assembly tool can be pushed out of the second magazine. After anchoring a fastening element, the second magazine can be pivoted out of the movement path of the setting device again by a pivoting movement, so that the latter can apply a cover element.

For mounting a screw-in fastening element and / or for friction welding a cover element to the Roofing membrane, it is advantageous if the assembly tool for torque transmission can be rotated about its longitudinal axis.

A welding device can be provided for the liquid-tight connection of the cover element and the roofing membrane. The welding device can be designed, for example, as a hot wedge welding device, as a hot gas welding device, as a source welding device or as a high-frequency welding device.

In the drawing, a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown, which is explained in more detail below.

It shows

1 schematically shows a vehicle working according to the method of the invention on a roof in a top view,

2 is a cross-section of a fastener mounted on a roof,

3 shows the vehicle shown in FIG. 1 schematically in a bottom view,

Fig. 4, the vehicle shown in Fig. 3 in section IV-IV and

Fig. 5 shows the vehicle shown in Fig. 3 in section V-V.

1 shows a top view of a roof 10 on which a vehicle 12 operating according to the method according to the invention is shown schematically. The roof 10 has a supporting structure 14 on which roofing sheets 16, 18, 20 are laid with overlapping longitudinal edges. The

Roofing sheets 16, 18, 20 are to be fastened mechanically to the supporting structure 14 of the roof 10 using fastening means, wherein for the sake of clarity, only one fastening means 22 is shown.

The position of the corner points 24, 26, 28, 30 of the roof surface 32 as well as the position of the corners 34, 36, 38, 40 of a roof structure 42 arranged on the roof surface 32 is specified in a Cartesian coordinate system and contained in a file, whereby the geometry of the Roof surface 32 is defined. The number and arrangement of the fasteners is determined in accordance with the building regulations in accordance with the wind load calculation, so that the individual positions for fasteners on the roof surface 32 are defined by their coordinates and are also contained in the file, for example the position 48 for the fastener 22.

The vehicle 12 has a control unit 50, into which the values of the coordinates from the file are entered. At the start of work, the control unit 50 is calibrated to the coordinate system. For this purpose, the vehicle 12 is manually positioned at a first reference point 44, the coordinates of which are stored in the control unit 50.

The vehicle 12 is then manually guided to a second reference point 46, the coordinates of which are also stored in the control unit 50.

In this way, the control unit 50 knows the coordinates of two reference points 44, 46, so that the control unit 50 can calculate the unit coordinate distance on the basis of the coordinates and the measurement of the distance between the two reference points 44, 46.

Starting from the second reference point 46, the further workflow takes place automatically, in that the control unit 50 uses the current location of the vehicle 12 and the coordinates of the position of the fastener to be set next, here the position 48 of the Fastening means 22, a path curve 52 is determined, which is required to move to position 48.

2 is a mounted on a roof 10

Fastening means 22 shown in cross section. The roof 10 has a support structure 14 with trapezoidal cross-section with deep beads 15 and raised beads 17. A vapor barrier layer 54, a thermal insulation layer 56 and a roofing membrane 58 are laid in succession on the supporting structure 14. The roofing membrane 58 is fastened to the supporting structure 14 of the roof 10 with a fastening means 22. The fastening means 22 has a holding element 60, a fastening element 62 and a cover element 64. The holding element 60 is essentially plate-shaped, a depression 66 with a passage opening 68 for the fastening element 62 being arranged in the center. The fastening element 62 is designed as a drilling screw with a head 70 that can be placed on the holding element 60, a threaded section 72 and a drilling tip 74.

The holding element 60 lies on the top of the roofing membrane 58. The fastening element 62 passes through the holding element 60, the roofing membrane 58, the thermal insulation layer 56, the vapor barrier layer 54 and the supporting structure 14. A through hole 76 and 78 has been created by the drill tip 74 of the fastening element 62 in the roofing membrane 58 and in the supporting structure 14, and the fastening element 62 is anchored with its threaded portion 72 in the supporting structure 14. The fastening element 62 is tightened toward the support structure 14 so that the head 70 rests on the holding element 60. The holding element 60 is thereby pressed against the roofing membrane 58 and this in turn is pressed against the supporting structure 14 via the thermal insulation layer 56 and the vapor barrier layer 54. The holding element 60 is completely covered by the cover element 64. The cover element 64 is connected to the roof membrane 58 in a liquid-tight manner, so that the through hole 76 formed in the roof membrane 58 is sealed.

In Fig. 3, the vehicle 12 shown in Fig. 1 is shown schematically in the bottom view. The vehicle 12 has two drive chains 80, 82 located opposite one another. The drive chains 80, 82 can be driven synchronously by an electromotive drive unit 84 for driving straight ahead and asynchronously for steering the vehicle 12. Power is supplied to the drive unit 84 via an accumulator 86 arranged in the rear area of the vehicle 12.

A sensor 88 is arranged in the front region of the vehicle 12, with which a region of the supporting structure suitable for anchoring the fastening element 62 can be located. Since the sensor 88 is moved by the vehicle 12 relative to the support structure, a signal is generated by the sensor 88 as soon as a suitable area of the support structure reaches the response area of the sensor 88.

The vehicle 12 has a setting device 90 in one

Housing 92, which has a centrally arranged cylindrical dome 94. A feed device 96 is arranged in the center of the dome 94. The feed device 96 has two receptacles 98, 100 which are arranged at the ends of a two-armed lever 102. The lever 102 is pivotable about an axis of rotation arranged perpendicular to the top of the roofing membrane, so that the receptacles 98, 100 can be moved on a circular path 106.

Three magazines 108, 110, 112 are arranged above the circular path 106, offset by 90 ° to one another. The first magazine 108 contains holding elements 60, the second magazine 110 Fastening elements 62 and the third magazine 112 covering elements 64.

The first receptacle 98 is arranged below the first magazine 108 and the second receptacle 100 below the third magazine 112, so that a holding element 60 can be transferred into the first receptacle 98 and a cover element 64 into the second receptacle 100.

The setting device 90 also has an assembly tool 114 which is arranged in the dome 94 above the circular path 106 and can be moved in a movement path 116 of the setting device 90 which is perpendicular to the roof path. The second magazine 110 can be swiveled into the movement path 116 of the setting device 90, so that a fastening element 62 can be pushed out of the second magazine 110 by a lowering movement of the assembly tool 114.

To mount a fastener, the first receptacle 98 equipped with the holding element 60 is first inserted into the

Movement path 116 of the setting device 90 swung in, and the holding element 60 is placed on the top of the roofing membrane. The first receptacle 98 is then pivoted back to the first magazine 108 so that it can be loaded again.

The second magazine 110 is now pivoted into the movement path 116 of the setting device 90, and a fastening element 62 designed as a self-drilling screw is pushed out of the second magazine 110 by a lowering movement of the assembly tool 114 towards the roof path. Fastening element 62 passes through holding element 60 during the lowering movement. A torque and a compressive force are transmitted from the mounting tool 114 to the fastening element 62, so that the fastening element 62 successively passes through the layers lying on the supporting structure and is finally anchored in the supporting structure. After the fastening element 62 has been installed, the second receptacle 100 equipped with the cover element 64 is introduced into the movement path 116 of the setting device 90. The assembly tool 114 of the setting device 90 is lowered again, the cover element 64 being pressed onto the holding element 60 and being connected to it.

The vehicle 12 shown in FIG. 3 is shown in section IV-IV in FIG. 4. The vehicle 12 has a control unit 50, from which control signals for the drive unit 84 are generated. The control unit 50 is connected to a data input unit 115, via which the control unit 50 is given coordinates which define the geometry of the roof surface and the positions of the fastening means to be arranged thereon. On the basis of the location of the vehicle 12 on the roof and the predetermined coordinates of the position for a fastening means, the control unit 50 determines a path curve required for moving to this position. When starting, the respective location of the vehicle 12 can be determined by a location determination unit 118. The location determination unit 118 has a transmitter-receiver unit 122 for communication with a transmitter unit 120 serving as a fixed point, here a geostationary satellite.

In the housing 92 of the vehicle 12, a hot gas welding device 124 is arranged outside of the dome 94, from which a hot gas stream 126 can be generated, which by a

Outlet opening 128 can flow into the dome 94 below the assembly tool 114.

For the liquid-tight connection to the roofing membrane, a cover element 64 is transferred from the third magazine 112 into the second receptacle 100 of the feed device 96 and introduced into the movement path 116 of the setting device 90. A hot gas stream 126 is then generated by the hot gas welding device 124, through which the underside of the cover element 64 and the top side of the roofing membrane are melted. After melting, the cover element 64 is pressed against the roofing membrane by the assembly tool 114 of the setting device 90.

In Fig. 5, the vehicle 12 shown in Fig. 3 is shown in section V-V. The feed device 96 arranged in the center of the dome 94 has a servo motor 130 which is connected via a drive shaft 132 to the lever 102 which can be pivoted about the axis of rotation 104. The servomotor 130 generates the torque required for the rotary movement of the lever 102 or the receptacles 98, 100 attached to it.

5, the receptacles 98, 100 are shown below the magazines 108, 112 for holding elements 60 and cover elements 64. The magazines 108, 112 are designed as hollow profiles in which the holding elements 60 or cover elements 64 are stacked flat one above the other.

The holding elements 60 and the cover elements 64 are individually transferred from the magazine 108 or 112 into the respective receptacle 98 or 100. For this purpose, each magazine 108, 112 has a discharge unit 134 or 136 at its lower end. A discharge unit 134, 136 has two grippers 138, 140 and 142, 144 located opposite one another. The grippers 138, 140 and 142, 144 are V-shaped in cross section and are pivotably mounted about an axis 146, 148 and 150, 152 arranged at their tip and running parallel to the top of the roof. The edge of a holding element 60 or a cover element 64 lies on the legs of the grippers 138, 140 or 142, 144, respectively.

If, for example, a holding element 60 is to be transferred into the first receptacle 98, the grippers 138, 140 pivoted down to the first receptacle 98. The lower legs facing the first receptacle 98 open so that the holding element 60 located between the grippers 138, 140 can fall out of the first magazine 108 into the first receptacle 98. The grippers 138, 140 are then swiveled up again, the upper legs facing away from the first receptacle 98 opening so that the next holding element 60 can slide between the grippers 138, 140 by gravity.

Claims

Patent procedure and vehicle for mechanical fastening of a roofing membrane to a supporting structure of a roof

1. A method for mechanically fastening a roofing membrane (20, 58) to a supporting structure (14) of a roof (10), in which a fastening means (22) is anchored in the supporting structure (14) with a setting device (90), which means the roofing membrane (20; 58) passes through and presses against the supporting structure (14), characterized in that the setting device (90) on the roof (10) is moved by a vehicle (12), the movement of which is controlled by a control unit (50), which the geometry of the roof surface (32), the position (48) of the fastening means (22) to be mounted thereon, and the location of the vehicle (12) on the roof (10) are specified in the form of coordinates, based on the location of the vehicle (12 ) and the coordinates of the position (48) of the fastening means (22) a path curve (52) required for moving to this position (48) for the vehicle (12) is determined by the control unit (50), and that the setting device (90) vo m vehicle (12) is positioned at position (48) of the fastening means (22).

2. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the coordinates are calculated according to the wind load, preferably by a computer program.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the location of the vehicle (12) on the roof (10) by communication with at least one serving as a fixed point transmitter unit (120) is determined.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, so that a suitable area for anchoring the fastening means (22) of the supporting structure (14) is located.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that for mounting a holding element (60), a

Fastening element (62) and a cover element (64) having fastening means (22)

Holding elements (60), the fasteners (62) and

Covering elements (64) are carried along by the vehicle (12), that first the holding element (60) in the intended

Position (48) is placed on the top of the roofing membrane that in the same position (48)

Fastening element (62) is positioned above the holding element (60) in the path of movement (116) of the setting device (90) and anchored in the support structure (14), and that then in the same position (48)

Cover element (64) is applied.

6. The method of claim 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the setting device (90) is moved in an approximately perpendicular to the top of the roofing path of movement (116).

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that first the holding element (60) from the vehicle (12) in the intended position (48) placed on the roof surface (32) and then the vehicle (12) is moved until the setting device (90) reached this position (48).

8. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the vehicle (12) is positioned so that the setting device (90) is in the intended position (48) on the roof surface (32) and the holding element (60) stored there becomes.

9. The method according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that at least the holding element (60) and the cover member (64) are transferred into receptacles (98 and 100), which are introduced into the movement path (116) of the setting device (90).

10. The method according to 9, so that the recordings (98, 100) are moved on a circular path (106).

11. The method according to claim 5 to 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the fastening element (62) one

Assembly tool (114) of the setting device (90) is fed, and that this is lowered towards the roofing membrane.

12. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 11, so that at least one torque is transmitted from the assembly tool (114) to the fastening element (62) by the assembly tool (114).

13. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the cover element (64) is connected to the holding element (60).

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, so that the cover element (64) is connected to the roofing membrane (58) in a liquid-tight manner.

15. Vehicle for performing the method according to claim 1, with a setting device (90) for anchoring a fastening means (22) in the supporting structure (14), characterized in that it has a drive unit (84) which can be controlled by a control unit (50) is, and that a data input unit (115) is provided, via which the control unit (50) at least the geometry of the roof surface (32) and the position (48) of the fastening means (22) to be assembled can be specified in the form of coordinates, so that the Control unit (50) on the basis of the location of the vehicle (12) on the roof (10) and the coordinates of the position (48) of the fastening means (22) determine a path curve (52) required for moving to this position (48) and the path curve (52) required for moving off Can generate control signals for the drive unit (84).

16. Vehicle according to claim 15, so that it has a position determining unit (118) with a transmitter-receiver unit (122).

17. Vehicle according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that it has at least one sensor (88) for locating the supporting structure (14).

18. Vehicle according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that it has a first magazine (108) for holding elements (60), a second magazine (110) for fastening elements (62) and a third magazine (112) for cover elements (64) and that at least one discharge unit (134, 136) is provided, with which an individual holding element (60) or an individual cover element (64) can be removed from the associated magazine (108 or 112).

19. Vehicle according to claim 18, so that the first magazine (108) and the third magazine (112) are designed as a hollow profile in which holding elements (60) or cover elements (64) can be stacked.

20. Vehicle according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that a discharge unit (134, 136) has at least grippers (138, 140 or 142, 144) which grip around the edge of an element (60; 64) and around a parallel to the top the axis of the roof (146, 148 or 150, 152) are pivotable.

21. Vehicle according to one of claims 18 to 20, so that the setting device (90) can be moved in a movement path (116) running approximately at right angles to the upper side of the roofing membrane.

22. Vehicle according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the first magazine (108) and the setting device (90) are arranged in a line, preferably in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (12).

23. Vehicle according to one of claims 18 to 22, so that it has a feed device (96) for introducing the elements (60, 62, 64) into the movement path (116) of the setting device (90).

24. Vehicle according to claim 23, so that the feed device (96) has at least one receptacle which can be fitted with a holding element (60) or with a cover element (64) and can be inserted into the movement path (116) of the setting device (90).

25. Vehicle according to claim 24, so that the receptacle is fastened to a lever (102) whose axis of rotation (104) is arranged approximately at right angles to the top of the roofing membrane.

26. Vehicle according to claim 25, so that the first magazine (108) for the holding elements (60) and the third magazine (112) for the cover elements (64) are arranged diametrically opposite on the circular path (106) of the receptacle.

27. Vehicle according to one of claims 25 and 26, so that the lever (102) is designed with two arms and diametrically opposite each have a receptacle (98, 100).

28. Vehicle according to one of claims 18 to 27, characterized in that the second magazine (110) for fastening elements (62) in the movement path (116) of the setting device (90) can be pivoted.

29. Vehicle according to one of claims 18 to 28, so that the assembly tool (114) for torque transmission is rotatable about its longitudinal axis.

30. Vehicle according to one of claims 18 to 29, so that a welding device (124) is provided for welding the cover element (64) to the roofing membrane.