WO2000003042B1 - Method and apparatus for producing martensite- or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled cooling - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing martensite- or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled coolingInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000003042B1 WO2000003042B1 PCT/CA1999/000631 CA9900631W WO0003042B1 WO 2000003042 B1 WO2000003042 B1 WO 2000003042B1 CA 9900631 W CA9900631 W CA 9900631W WO 0003042 B1 WO0003042 B1 WO 0003042B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- temperature
- quench
- rolling
- station
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/021—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/30—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a non-continuous process
- B21B1/32—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a non-continuous process in reversing single stand mills, e.g. with intermediate storage reels for accumulating work
- B21B1/34—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a non-continuous process in reversing single stand mills, e.g. with intermediate storage reels for accumulating work by hot-rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/466—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a non-continuous process, i.e. the cast being cut before rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
- B21B2015/0014—Cutting or shearing the product transversely to the rolling direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B2015/0071—Levelling the rolled product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0203—Cooling
- B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
- B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
- B21B45/0218—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for strips, sheets, or plates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
A steel rolling mill including a Steckel mill (19) is provided with an in-line upstream quench station (14) located downstream of the caster (11) and upstream of the reheat furnace (15), a shear (25) located downstream of the Steckel mill (19), and a temperature reduction station downstream of the shear (27, 28). The upstream quench station (14) has spray nozzles that quench a surface layer of the steel to transform same from an austentitic to a non-austentitic microstructure. The shear (25) provides a precise transverse vertical face on the leading end of the steel. The temperature reduction (27, 28) station applies cooling fluid to the rolled steel so as to obtain a preferred microstructure that may be either bainite or martensite. If bainite, the temperature reduction station includes laminar-flow cooling apparatus; if martensite, the station also includes an initial rapid quench (28), in which latter case the station is followed by a tempering furnace (37).
Claims
1. In or for use in an in-line rolling mill for producing steel, said mill having a continuous caster for producing a cast strand of steel, severing means for cutting the cast strand transversely into a series of slabs, a reheat furnace downstream of the caster for bringing the slabs to a substantially uniform pre-rolling temperature, and a Steckel mill downstream of the reheat furnace for rolling the castings in sequence;
an apparatus combination comprising:
(a) an in-line upstream quench station located downstream of the caster and upstream of the reheat furnace and having a plurality of spray nozzles directed at the cast steel for applying cooling sprays onto the cast steel that quench a surface layer of the cast steel to a selected depth so that the surface layer is transformed from an austentitic to a substantially non-austentitic microstructure;
(b) a shear located in the vicinity of the Steckel mill for transversely severing and trimming the leading edge of the rolled steel to provide a precise transverse vertical face thereon and for optionally cutting the steel into a series of portions of selected length; and
(c) a temperature reduction facility downstream of the shear and Steckel mill , the temperature reduction facility comprising means for quenching and means for controllably cooling the steel thereby being
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selectably operable to apply a controlled flow of cooling fluid to the steel so as to obtain an end- product steel having a preferred microstructure selected from the group bainite-rich steels and martensite-rich steels;
wherein
(d) after quenching in the upstream quench station, the reheat furnace is operable to reheat the slabs to a suitable pre-rolling temperature above the temperature Tnr so that the quenched surface layer is transformed to fine-grained austenite; and
(e) the Steckel mill is operable to roll and reduce the thickness of the slab first in a temperature range above the temperature Tnr and then at a decreasing temperature between the temperatures Tnr and Ar3 to obtain first a controlled recrystallization of austenite and then a pancaking of the austenite .
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature reduction facility comprises a downstream quench station and immediately downstream thereof a controlled cooling station, wherein both the downstream quench station and controlled cooling station are operable to produce martensite-rich steel, and wherein the quench station is idle and the controlled cooling station is operable to produce bainite-rich steel.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein for the production of martensite steel, the downstream quench station is operable to apply cooling fluid to the rolled steel at a rate and in
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a quantity sufficient to quench the rolled steel rapidly and intensely to obtain a preferred microstructure including a substantial portion of martensite, and wherein the controlled cooling station is operable to apply additional cooling fluid sufficient to maintain the cooling of the steel at a high rate at approximately the maximum heat transfer rate of the steel so as to obtain a relatively high portion of fine-grained martensite in the steel.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein for the production of bainite-rich steel, the controlled cooling station is operable to cool the rolled steel at a rate of about 12 C to 20 C per second and to a temperature of about 200 C below the temperature Ar3 to about 350 C below the temperature Ar3, thereby obtaining in the rolled steel a preferred microstructure including a substantial portion of fine-grained bainite.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1-4, wherein the controlled cooling station is a laminar flow cooling station providing laminar flow cooling for the upper surface of the rolled steel and quasi-laminar flow cooling for the undersurface of the rolled steel .
6. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein the quench station is a roller pressure quench apparatus.
7. The apparatus of any of claims 1-6 additional including a tempering furnace for receiving martensite-rich steel from the controlled cooling station and tempering same.
8. The apparatus of any of claims 1-7, wherein the shear is located downstream of the Steckel mill and upstream of the temperature reduction facility.
9. The apparatus of any of claims 1-8, additionally including a post-cooling downstream shear located downstream of the temperature reduction facility for cutting the steel to a series of portions of selected length.
10. The apparatus of any of claims 1-9, wherein the Steckel mill is provided with coiler furnaces immediately upstream and downstream thereof , each said coiler furnace including pinch rolls in the vicinity of the entrance port thereof for facilitating near-complete retraction into the coiler furnace of coilable steel undergoing rolling.
11. The apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1-10, the upstream quench station comprising:
an array of spray nozzles directed at the cast steel and arranged in transversely separated spray groups above and below the cast steel as the cast steel passes through the upstream quench station; at least one valve for each spray group for controlling an amount of cooling fluid spray provided by each group onto the cast steel; and, a control unit for controlling the valves thereby to regulate the amount of spray provided by each spray group, in response to selected parameters including casting width and casting speed;
thereby to provide a transversely differentiated spray to the cast steel being quenched.
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12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the selected parameters include at least one of a post-quench surface temperature profile and a pre-quench temperature profile of the cast steel.
13. The apparatus of claims 11 or 12 , wherein the upstream quench station is located upstream of the severing means .
14. The apparatus of claims 11 or 12, wherein the upstream quench station is located downstream of the severing means .
15. The apparatus of any of claims 11-14, wherein the array of nozzles underneath the cast steel is substantially the mirror image of the array of nozzles above the cast steel.
16. The apparatus of any of claims 11-15, wherein the array of nozzles underneath the cast steel provides a greater amount of spray to the cast steel than is provided by the nozzles above the cast steel.
17. The apparatus of any of claims 11-16, additionally including spray nozzles arrayed in longitudinally spaced transversely extending groups, said last mentioned groups being controlled by the control unit to provide longitudinally differentiated spraying of the cast steel.
18. An in-line method for producing a rolled steel product, including continuously casting a strand of steel, severing the cast strand transversely into a series of slabs, reheating the slabs to a substantially uniform pre-rolling temperature, and reversingly reduction-rolling the reheated steel slabs;
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characterized by:
(a) applying to the cast steel an upstream quench prior to reheating so as to quench a surface layer of the cast steel to a selected depth so that the surface layer is transformed from an austentitic to a substantially non-austentitic microstructure;
(b) shearing the leading edge of the rolled steel immediately after completion of rolling to crop the steel so as to provide a precise transverse vertical face on the leading edge of the rolled steel ; and
(c) applying to the cropped rolled steel a controlled temperature reduction so as to obtain a preferred microstructure of the steel selected from the group of bainite-rich steels and martensite-rich steels,
the controlled temperature reduction for obtaining bainite-rich steel comprising applying cooling fluid to the steel at an intensity sufficient to obtain a microstructure with a substantial portion of bainite, and
the controlled temperature reduction for obtaining martensite-rich steel comprising applying cooling fluid first for a downstream quench and then immediately following for a martensite-sustaining cooling, the quench being sufficient to obtain some martensite in the steel microstructure, and the martensite-sustaining cooling being sufficient to substantially
maintain and preferably to increase the portion of martensite in the rolled steel.
and further characterized by
(d) after applying the upstream quench to the slabs, reheating the slabs to a suitable pre-rolling temperature above the temperature Tnr sufficient to transform the quenched surface layer to fine-grained austenite; and
(e) after reheating the slabs in the reheat furnace, controllably reversingly reduction rolling the slabs in a temperature range above the temperature Tnr and then at a decreasing temperature between the temperatures Tnr and Ar3 to obtain first a controlled recrystallization of austenite and then a pancaking of the austenite.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the controlled temperature reduction for obtaining bainite-rich steel comprises cooling the rolled steel at a rate of about 12 C to 20 C per second and to a temperature of about 200 C to about 350 C below the temperature Ar3, thereby obtaining in the rolled steel a preferred microstructure including a substantial portion of fine-grained bainite.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein the controlled temperature reduction for obtaining martensite-rich steel comprises applying cooling fluid during the downstream quench at a rate and in a quantity sufficient to quench the steel rapidly and intensely to obtain a preferred microstructure including some martensite, and then applying cooling fluid
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during martensite-sustaining cooling sufficient to substantially maintain and preferably to increase the portion of martensite obtained in the rolled steel .
21. The method of claim 20, additionally including tempering the rolled steel following the martensite-sustaining cooling step.
22. The method of any of claims 18-21, wherein the controlled temperature reduction is effected at least in part by laminar flow cooling.
23. The method of any of claims 18-22, wherein the upstream quench is applied transversely differentially to compensate for a non-uniform transverse surface temperature profile of the cast steel, thereby producing a substantially uniform post-quench transverse temperature profile.
24. The method any of claims 18-23, wherein the reduction rolling comprises
(i) a selected number of flat-pass rolling passes above Tnr to achieve a selected flat-pass reduction of the thickness of the steel and recrystallization of the austentite in the steel being rolled, then
(ii) a selected number of initial coiler passes performed while the steel is of coilable thickness and the temperature of the steel is above the Tnr, each said initial coiler pass comprising reducing the steel and then coiling the product in a heated environment at a temperature above the Ar3, then
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(iii) a selected number of final coiler passes performed while the temperature of the steel is above the Ar3, each said final coiler pass comprising reducing the steel and then coiling the product in a heated environment at a temperature above the Ar3.
25. The method defined in claim 24, wherein the reduction rolling prior to the final coiler passes reduces the thickness of the steel by a factor in the order of at least 1.5:1 and wherein the final coiler passes reduce the thickness of the steel by a factor in the order of at least 2:1 so that the overall combined reduction of the steel is at least about 3:1.
26. The method defined in any of claims 18-25, for optimizing the production of steel products in circumstances in which the rolling mill is limited at least in part by coiler furnace weight capacity and by the inability of the coiler furnaces to coil steel above a maximum coilable thickness;
characterized by rolling a maximum-weight slab exceeding the coiler furnace capacity and severing the slab to obtain an end-product of a target weight and target dimensions, the target weight of the particular end-product of target dimensions being limited by the coiler furnace capacity; and further characterized by
(a) flat-pass reduction rolling the maximum-weight slab from a pre-rolled thickness to produce an interim steel product of a severable thickness not exceeding the maximum coilable thickness; then
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(b) transversely severing the interim steel product into two portions, viz a pre-determined target portion having a target weight selected to be within the coiler furnace capacity, and a residual surplus portion;
(c) coiling the target portion in one of the coiler furnaces ;
(d) while the target portion is coiled in the coiler furnace, flat-pass rolling the surplus portion from the severable thickness to a desired end-product thickness; then
(e) transferring the surplus portion downstream for further processing to obtain a surplus end-product.
27. The method as claimed in claim 26, additionally including, after completion of step (e) ,
(f) flat-pass rolling the target portion to a plate of desired end-product thickness, then directing the target portion downstream for processing as plate end-product.
28. The method defined in any of claims 18-27, for optimizing the production of steel products in circumstances in which the rolling mill is limited at least in part by coiler furnace capacity and by the inability of the coiler furnaces to coil steel above a maximum coilable thickness;
characterized by rolling a maximum-weight slab exceeding the coiler furnace capacity and severing the slab to obtain an end-product of a target weight and target dimensions, the target weight of the particular end-product of target
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dimensions being limited by the coiler furnace capacity; and further characterized by
(a) flat-pass reduction rolling the maximum-weight slab from a pre-rolled thickness to produce an interim steel product of a severable thickness exceeding the maximum coilable thickness,-
(b) transversely severing the interim steel product into two portions, viz a pre-determined target portion having a target weight selected to be within the coiler furnace capacity, and a residual surplus portion;
(c) flat-pass rolling the target portion to further reduce the target portion from the severable thickness to a thickness not exceeding the maximum coilable thickness;
(d) coiling the target portion in one of the coiler furnaces ;
(e) further processing the surplus portion to obtain a surplus end product; then,
(f) further processing the target portion to obtain a target end product .
29. In or for use in an in-line rolling mill for producing steel, said mill having a continuous caster for producing a cast strand of steel, severing means for cutting the cast strand transversely into a series of slabs, a reheat furnace downstream of the caster for bringing the slabs to a substantially uniform pre-rolling temperature, and a
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Steckel mill downstream of the reheat furnace for rolling the castings in sequence;
an apparatus combination comprising:
(a) an in-line upstream quench station located downstream of the caster and upstream of the reheat furnace, the upstream quench station for applying cooling fluid onto the cast steel to quench a surface layer of the cast steel to a selected depth so that the surface layer is transformed from an austentitic to a substantially non-austentitic microstructure,
the upstream quench station comprising:
an array of spray nozzles directed at the cast steel and arranged in transversely separated spray groups above and below the cast steel as the cast steel passes through the upstream quench station; at least one valve for each spray group for controlling an amount of cooling fluid spray provided by each group onto the cast steel; and, a control unit for controlling the valves thereby to regulate the amount of spray provided by each spray group, in response to selected parameters including casting width and casting speed;
thereby to provide a transversely differentiated spray to the cast steel being quenched;
(b) a shear located in the vicinity of the Steckel mill for transversely severing and trimming the leading edge of the rolled steel to provide a precise
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transverse vertical face thereon and for optionally cutting the steel into a series of portions of selected length; and
(c) temperature reduction facility downstream of the shear and Steckel mill for applying a controlled flow of cooling fluid to the rolled steel so as to obtain a preferred microstructure of the steel; wherein
(d) after quenching in the upstream quench station, the reheat furnace is operable to heat the slabs to a suitable pre-rolling temperature above the temperature Tnr so that the quenched surface layer is transformed to fine-grained austenite; and
(e) the Steckel mill is operable to roll and reduce the thickness of the slab first in a temperature range above the temperature Tnr and then at a decreasing temperature between the temperatures Tnr and Ar3 to obtain first a controlled recrystallization of austenite and then a pancaking of the austenite .
30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the selected parameters include a post-quench surface temperature profile of the cast steel.
31. The apparatus of claim 29 or 30, wherein the selected parameters include a pre-quench temperature profile of the cast steel.
32. The apparatus of any of claims 29-31, wherein the upstream quench station is located upstream of the severing means .
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33. The apparatus of any of claims 29-31, wherein the upstream quench station is located downstream of the severing means .
34. The apparatus of any of claims 29-33, wherein the array of nozzles underneath the cast steel is substantially the mirror image of the array of nozzles above the cast steel.
35. The apparatus of any of claims 29-34, wherein the array of nozzles underneath the cast steel provides a greater amount of spray to the cast steel than is provided by the nozzles above the cast steel .
36. The apparatus of any of claims 29-35, additionally including spray nozzles arrayed in longitudinally spaced transversely extending groups, said last mentioned groups being controlled by the control unit to provide longitudinally differentiated spraying of the cast steel .
37. The apparatus of any of claims 29-36, wherein the temperature reduction facility comprises a controlled cooling station for cooling the rolled steel at a rate of about 12 C to 20 C per second and to a temperature of about 200 C below the temperature Ar3 to about 350 C below the temperature Ar3, thereby obtaining in the rolled steel a preferred microstructure including a substantial portion of fine-grained bainite.
38. The apparatus of any of claims 29-37, wherein the temperature reduction facility comprises a downstream quench station and immediately downstream thereof a controlled cooling station, wherein the quench station applies cooling fluid to the rolled steel at a rate and in
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a quantity sufficient to quench the rolled steel rapidly and intensely to obtain a preferred microstructure including a substantial portion of martensite, and wherein the controlled cooling station applies additional cooling fluid sufficient to maintain the cooling of the steel at a high rate at approximately the maximum heat transfer rate of the steel so as to obtain a relatively high portion of fine-grained martensite in the steel.
39. The apparatus of claim 38, additionally including a tempering furnace for receiving the rolled and cooled steel from the temperature reduction facility and tempering same .
40. Apparatus as claimed in claim 39, wherein the quench station comprises roller pressure quench apparatus.
41. The apparatus of any of the preceding claims, wherein the Steckel mill is provided with coiler furnaces immediately upstream and downstream thereof, each said coiler furnace including pinch rolls in the vicinity of the entrance port thereof for facilitating near-complete retraction into the coiler furnace of coilable steel undergoing rolling.
42. The apparatus of any of the preceding claims, wherein the controlled cooling station provides laminar flow cooling for the upper surface of the rolled steel and quasi-laminar flow cooling for the undersurface of the rolled steel.
43. An in-line method for producing a rolled steel product, including continuously casting a strand of steel, severing the cast strand transversely into a series of slabs, reheating the slabs to a substantially uniform pre-rolling
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temperature, and reversingly reduction-rolling the reheated steel slabs;
characterized by:
(a) prior to re-heating, applying to the cast steel an upstream quench so as to quench a surface layer of the cast steel to a selected depth, the step of applying the upstream quench comprising: for a plurality of cooling fluid spray groups directed at the steel and transversely spaced above and below the steel as the steel passes in between, varying the spray characteristics for each spray group in response to selected parameters including casting width and casting speed thereby to provide a transversely differentiated spray to the steel, then applying the spray to the surface of the steel at a rate and quantity sufficient to transform a substantially uniform surface layer of the steel from an austenitic to a substantially non- austenitic microstructure;
(b) re-heating the product to a suitable pre-rolling temperature that re-transforms the transformed surface layer into fine-grained austenite;
(c) after re-heating, controllably reversingly reduction rolling the slabs in a temperature range above the temperature Tnr and then at a decreasing temperature between the temperatures Tnr and Ar3 to obtain first a controlled recrystallization of austenite and then a pancaking of the austenite;
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(d) shearing the leading edge of the rolled steel immediately after completion of rolling to crop the steel so as to provide a precise transverse vertical face on the leading edge of the rolled steel; and
(e) applying to the cropped rolled steel a controlled temperature reduction so as to obtain a preferred microstructure of the steel.
44. The method as claimed in claim 43 wherein the upstream quench is applied transversely differentially to compensate for a non-uniform pre-quench transverse temperature profile of the cast steel, thereby producing a substantially uniform post quench transverse temperature profile .
45. The method as claimed in claim 43 or 44 wherein the selected parameters include a pre-quench temperature profile of the cast steel.
46. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-45 wherein the selected parameters include a post-quench temperature profile of the cast steel.
47. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-46 additionally comprising further arranging the sprays into longitudinally spaced transversely extending spray groups, and varying the spray characteristics of each longitudinally spaced spray group to provide longitudinally differentiated spraying of the cast steel.
48. The method as claimed in claim 47 wherein the upstream quench is applied longitudinally differentially to compensate for a non-uniform pre-quench longitudinal
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temperature profile of the cast steel, thereby producing a substantially uniform post quench longitudinal temperature profile.
49. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-48 wherein the upstream quenching is effected before the steel is severed into slabs .
50. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-48 wherein the upstream quenching is effected after the steel is severed into slabs .
51. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-50 wherein the controlled spray characteristics includes flow rate and flow pressure.
52. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-51 further comprising the steps of : for a transverse width of the steel, operating only those spray groups directly above and below the steel, and idling the other groups .
53. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-52 further comprising the step of separately adjusting the sprays applied to the top steel surface relative to the sprays applied to the bottom steel surface, so that top and bottom surface temperatures are lowered to substantially the same temperature .
54. The method as claimed in any of claims 43-53 wherein the sprays reduce the surface layer temperature to below transformation completion temperature Arx.
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55. The method as claimed in claim 54 wherein the sprays reduce the product surface temperature from around 1800 °F to the order of 1000-1300°F.
56. An in-line method for producing a rolled . steel product, including continuously casting a strand of steel, severing the cast strand transversely into a series of slabs, reheating the slabs to a substantially uniform pre-rolling temperature, and reversingly reduction-rolling the reheated steel slabs,-
characterized by:
(a) applying to the cast steel an upstream quench prior to reheating so as to quench a surface layer of the cast steel to a selected depth so that the surface layer is transformed from an austentitic to a substantially non-austentitic microstructure;
(b) shearing the leading edge of the rolled steel immediately after completion of rolling to crop the steel so as to provide a precise transverse vertical face on the leading edge of the rolled steel; and
(c) applying to the cropped rolled steel a controlled temperature reduction so as to obtain a martensite- rich microstructure of the steel, comprising applying cooling fluid first for a downstream quench and then immediately following, for a martensite- sustaining cooling, the quench being sufficient to obtain some martensite in the steel microstructure, and the martensite-sustaining cooling being sufficient to
97
substantially maintain and preferably to increase the portion of martensite in the rolled steel;
and further characterized by
(d) after applying the upstream quench to the slabs, reheating the slabs to a suitable pre-rolling temperature above the temperature Tnr sufficient to transform the quenched surface layer to fine-grained austenite; and
(e) after reheating the slabs in the reheat furnace, controllably reversingly reduction rolling the slabs in a temperature range above the temperature Tnr and then at a decreasing temperature between the temperatures Tnr and Ar3 to obtain first a controlled recrystallization of austenite and then a pancaking of the austenite .
98
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU45968/99A AU4596899A (en) | 1998-07-10 | 1999-07-09 | Method and apparatus for producing martensite- or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled cooling |
| CA002332933A CA2332933C (en) | 1998-07-10 | 1999-07-09 | Method and apparatus for producing martensite- or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled cooling |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11342898A | 1998-07-10 | 1998-07-10 | |
| US09/113,428 | 1998-07-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000003042A1 WO2000003042A1 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
| WO2000003042B1 true WO2000003042B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
Family
ID=22349348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CA1999/000631 WO2000003042A1 (en) | 1998-07-10 | 1999-07-09 | Method and apparatus for producing martensite- or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled cooling |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6374901B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4596899A (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2277392C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000003042A1 (en) |
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-
1999
- 1999-07-09 WO PCT/CA1999/000631 patent/WO2000003042A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-07-09 AU AU45968/99A patent/AU4596899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-09 CA CA002277392A patent/CA2277392C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-09 US US09/350,319 patent/US6374901B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-09 CA CA002332933A patent/CA2332933C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-02-19 US US10/078,595 patent/US6557622B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2277392A1 (en) | 2000-01-10 |
| AU4596899A (en) | 2000-02-01 |
| CA2277392C (en) | 2004-05-18 |
| CA2332933A1 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
| CA2332933C (en) | 2007-11-06 |
| WO2000003042A1 (en) | 2000-01-20 |
| US6557622B2 (en) | 2003-05-06 |
| US20020129921A1 (en) | 2002-09-19 |
| US6374901B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
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