WO2000072898A1 - Appareil de purification du sang et rein artificiel utilisant celui-ci - Google Patents
Appareil de purification du sang et rein artificiel utilisant celui-ci Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000072898A1 WO2000072898A1 PCT/JP2000/003553 JP0003553W WO0072898A1 WO 2000072898 A1 WO2000072898 A1 WO 2000072898A1 JP 0003553 W JP0003553 W JP 0003553W WO 0072898 A1 WO0072898 A1 WO 0072898A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- water
- plasma
- waste
- component
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3693—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/3472—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate
- A61M1/3479—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration with treatment of the filtrate by dialysing the filtrate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3693—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
- A61M1/3696—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus for removing unnecessary waste such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine contained in blood, and a blood purification apparatus and an artificial kidney using the same.
- the artificial kidney contains a blood purification device for purifying blood.
- This purification device is based on a dialysis type blood purification device using a dialysis membrane and an ultrafiltration, depending on the type of membrane used. It can be divided into three types: filtration-type blood purification devices that use membranes, and plasma separation-type blood purification devices that use microfiltration membranes.
- a dialysis-type blood purification device is called a dialyzer, in which a hollow fiber formed of a dialysis membrane is disposed, blood flows inside the hollow fiber, and dialysate flows outside the hollow fiber to remove urea in the blood.
- Unnecessary wastes composed of relatively small molecules with molecular weights of up to several thousands, such as uric acid and creatinine, are discharged out of hollow fibers to purify blood.
- a hollow fiber formed of an ultrafiltration membrane is disposed inside the blood purification apparatus, and instead of using a dialysate, a pressure difference between the membranes is applied to the inside and outside of the hollow fiber, and the difference is applied. Negative pressure filtration of blood is performed by flowing blood inside the hollow fiber and negative pressure is applied to the outside, and positive pressure filtration of blood is performed by applying positive pressure to the inside. It removes low molecular weight proteins such as 2-microglobulin.
- a plasma separation type purification device separates blood into blood cell components and plasma components by a plasma separator equipped with a microfiltration membrane, extracts the plasma components, and discards the plasma to replace it with clean plasma. It is.
- a replenisher is supplied to the vein side to return the purified blood to the body to supplement the filtrate removed from the blood. Since it is directly mixed into blood, it must have a composition close to that of plasma and be kept in an aseptic condition, which is cumbersome to handle and leads to a cost increase compared to hemodialysis.
- the time required to purify the blood of the whole body is as long as about 5 to 6 hours once, and the blood purification operation is performed about three times a week, that is, two days. Since it must be done once, the time constraint is a significant burden on the patient's life and severely limits the patient's social activities. Also, dialysis-type and filtration-type blood purifiers use large amounts of dialysate and replenisher, and plasma-separated blood purification units use expensive plasma products. Since it is necessary to supply some kind of chemical liquid, a monitor for controlling the supply conditions and a controller for controlling the flow rate are required, and there has been a problem that the apparatus is complicated and expensive.
- the present invention provides a technique that does not require any chemical solution like a living kidney, is small in size, has a simple structure, and enables blood purification at home even at bedtime. Is a subject. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention relates to a blood purification device used for an artificial kidney for purifying blood taken from the body and returning the blood to the body, wherein a blood inlet is formed at one end and a blood cell component is collected at the other end.
- a centrifugal separator equipped with a rotating cylinder that separates blood cell components and plasma components by applying centrifugal force to blood in a casing with an outlet formed, and blood and serum electrolytes collected from plasma components collected near the center
- a waste separation chamber formed of a cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane for taking in unwanted waste, and a concentrated plasma component from which water, serum electrolytes and unnecessary waste have been removed by the cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane.
- a water reabsorption module formed of a hollow fiber dialysis membrane for reabsorbing the water and serum electrolyte taken in the separation chamber is substantially concentrically arranged.
- blood cell component does not refer to only the blood cell component in a strict sense, but refers to a blood cell component that is mainly extracted from the blood.
- the term strictly means not only plasma components but also plasma components extracted from the blood.
- the blood that has flowed into the casing from the blood inlet flows from one end to the other end, and is centrifuged by passing through a rotating cylinder that serves as a centrifuge.
- the blood cell component is collected near the outer periphery, the plasma component is collected near the center, and when reaching the other end side, the blood cell component is led out from the blood cell component outlet formed in the casing.
- a waste separation chamber formed by a cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane is formed, and if a pressure difference of about 10 OmmHg is applied to the inside and outside of the chamber, while the plasma component flows to the other end along the cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane, undesired waste such as urea, uric acid, creatinine, etc., water and serum electrolytes in the plasma component enter the waste separation chamber. While being taken up and purified, the plasma components enriched in serum proteins reach the other end of the casing.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an artificial kidney according to the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the artificial kidney 1 of the present example includes a blood purification device 2 for inflowing blood to remove blood cell components and purified plasma components, and a mixer 3 for mixing these blood cell components and purified plasma components and returning them to the body. It is interposed in the extracorporeal circulation system 4 that returns blood taken in from the body to the body.
- the blood purification device 2 applies a centrifugal force to blood on a casing 5 having a blood inlet 5 in at one end and a blood cell outlet 5 out at the other end to apply a blood cell component.
- a centrifugal separator 7 equipped with a rotating cylinder 6 for separating blood and plasma components, and a cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane 8 for taking in water, serum electrolytes and waste products from the plasma components collected near the center thereof.
- the waste water separation chamber 9 and the cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane 8 allow the water and serum electrolyte and the concentrated plasma component from which unnecessary waste matter has been removed to flow, and the water and serum electrolyte taken into the separation chamber 9 are separated.
- a water reabsorption module 11 formed of a hollow fiber dialysis membrane 1 ° to be reabsorbed is provided concentrically.
- a drive device 12 for rotating the rotating cylindrical body 6 of the centrifugal separator 7 while magnetically levitating the inner cylindrical surface of the casing 5 is provided.
- the driving device 12 includes a fixed magnet 12 a that is opposed to a levitation magnet 6 a disposed on each of the left and right ends of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder 6 so as to generate a repulsive force.
- 6 is provided with a rotating magnet 12 b which is disposed to face the driving magnet 6 b arranged at the center of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 6 so as to generate an attractive force, and a rotor 13 holding the rotating magnet 12 b is provided. It is designed to be driven to rotate at a predetermined speed.
- the rotating cylinder 6 has blades 14... Formed at predetermined intervals on its inner peripheral surface to generate a rotating flow in blood flowing between the rotating cylinder 6 and the cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane 8.
- the centrifugal force can be applied.
- the blood cell components of the blood are collected toward the outer periphery, and the plasma components are collected toward the center.
- the cylindrical ultrafiltration membrane 8 forming the waste separation chamber 9 may be, for example, a polyacrylonitrile-based membrane sterilized with gamma rays or a cellulose acetate-based membrane sterilized with ethylene oxide gas.
- a cylindrical one is used, which is attached to bases 15 in and 15 out provided at both ends of the moisture reabsorption module 11.
- the moisture re-absorption module 11 has an inlet 1 lin open toward the other end of the casing 5 and an outlet 1 l out leading out of the casing 5.
- hollow fiber dialysis membranes 10 are bundled, and the inlet 11 1 in and the outlet 11 1 out are connected so that the openings at both ends thereof communicate with the inlet 11 in and the outlet 11 out.
- the resin or metal base 15 in, 15 out are attached to the resin or metal base 15 in, 15 out.
- the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 for example, cuprophan (trade name of Enker Glanzstaff (Germany)) in which a regenerated cellulose-based dialysis membrane is formed into a hollow fiber having an inner diameter of about 300 ⁇ m is used. .
- the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 has a cylindrical limit attached to the base 15 ⁇ , 15 out. Since it is disposed inside the outer filtration membrane 8, it is provided through the waste separation chamber 9, and the outside of the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 contains unnecessary waste taken into the waste separation chamber 9. Filled with moisture.
- the individual hollow fiber dialysis membranes 10 are fixed to the bases 15 in and 15 out only at both ends, and the middle part thereof is not adhered and the hollow fiber dialysis membranes 10 are not bonded. It is formed so that moisture flows along the surface.
- a cap-shaped concentrated plasma introduction guide 16 to be introduced into the inflow port 1 lin is provided.
- the outlet 5 out of the blood cell component formed in the casing 5 and the outlet 1 1 out of the water reabsorption module 11 are connected to the mixer 3, and these are mixed and passed through the extracorporeal circulation system 4. To be returned to the body.
- 150 cc of blood per minute is taken out of the body and taken into the blood purification device 2 of the artificial kidney 1 via the extracorporeal circulation system 4, and the blood cell component of 110 cc per minute and 4 Separation into 0 cc of plasma components, and taking 20-36 cc of water, serum electrolytes and waste products per minute from the plasma components into the waste separation chamber 9 ⁇ to reduce the albumin concentration in the blood to 5-1 Concentrate 0 times and obtain the obtained concentrated plasma component of 20-4 cc per minute into the water reabsorption module 11 to reabsorb approximately the same amount of water as the removed water together with the serum electrolyte. Will be described.
- the hematocrit of the blood of a chronic dialysis patient is maintained at 25 to 30%, but when applied to the centrifugal separator 7, 110 cc / min collected near the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder 6
- the blood cell component is concentrated to a hematocrit value of about 40% and supplied to the mixer 3 from the blood cell component outlet 5 out.
- the value is 0.2 m 2.
- the moisture reabsorption module 11 absorbs moisture using the difference in albumin concentration. In this case, it is considered that an albumin concentration of about 5 times is sufficient.
- the serum protein albumin is concentrated about 5 to 10 times and introduced into the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 of the water reabsorption module 11 by the concentrated plasma introduction guide 16. Is done.
- this hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 When absorbing water at a normal blood albumin concentration (4 g / d 1), this hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 has a water absorption capacity equivalent to a transmembrane pressure difference of about 25 mmHg as a colloid osmotic pressure. However, if the albumin concentration is concentrated to about 5 times (20 g / dl) the normal, the transmembrane pressure difference of about 125 mmHg (about 0.20 mmHg at 10 times) It is considered to have equivalent water absorption capacity.
- the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 Since the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 has a small sieving coefficient for small molecular substances such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine, when a concentrated plasma component flows through the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10, From the water, unnecessary waste and serum electrolyte taken into the waste separation chamber 9, only the water and serum electrolyte permeate through the hollow fiber dialysis membrane 10 and are reabsorbed, whereby the albumin concentration of the concentrated plasma component is reduced. To a concentration of. Further, since waste products such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine remain in the waste product separation chamber 9, the waste product separation chamber 9 formed integrally with the water reabsorption module 11 is preferably disposable.
- the purified plasma component was sent to the mixer 3 from the outlet 1 l out of the water reabsorption module 11 at a rate of 40 cc per minute to the mixer 3 and sent from the blood cell component outlet 5 out.
- 150 cc of blood per minute is purified and returned to the body via the extracorporeal circulation system 4.
- the artificial kidney 1 of this example removes only unnecessary waste substances such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine contained in blood, and reabsorbs most of water and serum electrolytes, similarly to a living kidney.
- any chemicals such as dialysate, replenisher, and plasma products.
- a monitor there is no need for a monitor to determine these supply conditions or a controller to control the flow rate. Is also easier.
- the artificial kidney according to the present invention does not require any chemical solution like a living kidney, and is small in size and simple in structure. Because of this, it is free from the time constraint of blood purification by dialysis etc. and is extremely useful as a portable and simple artificial kidney.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002339181A CA2339181A1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-06-01 | Blood-purifying apparatus and artificial kidney using the same |
EP00931643A EP1101501A1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-06-01 | Blood-purifying apparatus and artificial kidney using the same |
US09/744,808 US6623441B1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-06-01 | Blood-purifying apparatus and artificial kidney using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15357499A JP3229599B2 (ja) | 1999-06-01 | 1999-06-01 | 血液浄化装置とそれを使用した人工腎臓 |
JP11/153574 | 1999-06-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000072898A1 true WO2000072898A1 (fr) | 2000-12-07 |
Family
ID=15565476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/003553 WO2000072898A1 (fr) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-06-01 | Appareil de purification du sang et rein artificiel utilisant celui-ci |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6623441B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1101501A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3229599B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2339181A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000072898A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7083653B2 (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-08-01 | Charles Edward Jennings | Implantable human kidney replacement unit |
DE102005023152A1 (de) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-06-22 | Rwth Aachen | Oxygenator zum Gasaustausch |
US20090139930A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2009-06-04 | Jan Sternby | Extracorporeal Blood Cleaning |
GB2442209B (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2012-01-18 | Probe Scient Ltd | Molecular exchange device |
US8114276B2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2012-02-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Personal hemodialysis system |
GB2457469B (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2012-11-07 | Probe Scient Ltd | Molecular exchange device |
GB2457468B (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2012-11-21 | Probe Scient Ltd | molecular exchange device |
WO2010088579A2 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-05 | The Ohio State University Research Foundation | Selective ultrafiltration memberanes for renal replacement therapies |
US10369263B2 (en) * | 2014-03-29 | 2019-08-06 | Novaflux Inc. | Blood processing cartridges and systems, and methods for extracorporeal blood therapies |
US10426884B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2019-10-01 | Novaflux Inc. | Cartridges and systems for outside-in flow in membrane-based therapies |
EP3352888B8 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2022-01-12 | Princeton Trade and Technology Inc. | Cartridges for hollow fibre membrane-based therapies |
JP6876327B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-28 | 2021-05-26 | 国立大学法人静岡大学 | 血液浄化装置 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995011048A2 (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-04-27 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS OF A BIOARTIFICIAL KIDNEY SUITABLE FOR USE IN VIVO OR $i(EX VIVO) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3878564A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1975-04-22 | Shang J Yao | Blood and tissue detoxification method |
US3994799A (en) * | 1973-04-17 | 1976-11-30 | Yao Shang J | Blood and tissue detoxification apparatus |
FR2385406A1 (fr) * | 1977-03-28 | 1978-10-27 | Akzo Nv | Rein artificiel |
US4963265A (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1990-10-16 | Applied Immunesciences, Inc. | Plasma processing device with anaphylatoxin remover |
US6471872B2 (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 2002-10-29 | Children's Hospital Medical Center | Hemofiltration system and method based on monitored patient parameters |
US5284470A (en) * | 1992-11-02 | 1994-02-08 | Beltz Alex D | Wearable, portable, light-weight artificial kidney |
US6193681B1 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2001-02-27 | American Immuno Tech, Llc. | Septicemia prevention and treatment system |
-
1999
- 1999-06-01 JP JP15357499A patent/JP3229599B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-01 US US09/744,808 patent/US6623441B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-01 CA CA002339181A patent/CA2339181A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-01 EP EP00931643A patent/EP1101501A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-01 WO PCT/JP2000/003553 patent/WO2000072898A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1995011048A2 (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-04-27 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS OF A BIOARTIFICIAL KIDNEY SUITABLE FOR USE IN VIVO OR $i(EX VIVO) |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1101501A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
CA2339181A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
JP2000342681A (ja) | 2000-12-12 |
JP3229599B2 (ja) | 2001-11-19 |
US6623441B1 (en) | 2003-09-23 |
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