WO2001014696A1 - Diesel exhaust particulate filter system - Google Patents
Diesel exhaust particulate filter system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001014696A1 WO2001014696A1 PCT/EP2000/007420 EP0007420W WO0114696A1 WO 2001014696 A1 WO2001014696 A1 WO 2001014696A1 EP 0007420 W EP0007420 W EP 0007420W WO 0114696 A1 WO0114696 A1 WO 0114696A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- during
- period
- regeneration
- diesel
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of regenerating the filter or the filters of a diesel exhaust particulate filter system.
- diesel exhaust particulate filter systems are more and more applied in the exhaust pipes of diesel engines to trap the particulates present in the diesel exhaust gases.
- pressure drop increases until a threshold is reached.
- the determining factor to set the threshold is to safeguard the normal functioning of the diesel engine.
- Some existing filter systems allow regeneration so that they can be used again during a subsequent period.
- the regeneration mainly constitutes in burning the trapped particulate matter present in the filters. This regeneration can be basically done in two ways.
- One way is an electrical regeneration where the filter material is heated in an electrical way until above the ignition temperature of the particulate matter.
- a disadvantage of the burner regeneration is that flames are generated in the exhaust pipes, which causes mechanical stresses and corrosion.
- Other disadvantages are that such burner regeneration systems require complex, large size and expensive combustion chambers with a high energy consumption and a high maintenance cost. Summary of the invention.
- a method of regenerating a filter of a diesel exhaust particulate filter system comprises as steps : a) providing a porous membrane ; b) using the membrane as filter during a filtration period ; c) using the membrane as a surface combustion burner membrane during a regeneration period which follows the filtration period.
- a method of regenerating a diesel exhaust particulate filter system wherein following steps are occurring : a) providing at least two porous membranes ; b) using at least one of said membranes as filter during a filtration period ; c) using at least one of the remaining membranes as a surface combustion burner membrane during a regeneration period which overlaps with said filtration period.
- the porous membrane can be made out of a suitable heat and corrosion resistant material such as a ceramic material or a stainless steel.
- a suitable heat and corrosion resistant material such as a ceramic material or a stainless steel.
- the membrane is made of a stainless steel fiber web which is sintered.
- Suitable stainless steel alloys are Fe-Cr-AI alloys.
- a first group of Fe-Cr-AI based alloys comprises 15 to 25 % Cr and 4 to 6 % Al. Preferably the Al content is between 4.8 and 5.7 %.
- a preferred alloy composition is an Fe-Cr-AI based alloy further comprising Y. This alloy is known as Fecralloy ® . The Y content ranges from 0.03 to 0.5 % and is preferably between 0.08 and 0.35 %. Most preferably the Y content is between 0.25 and 0.35 %.
- Another possible alloy composition is an Fe-Cr-AI based alloy which further comprises at least one additional element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and the lanthanides, for example La or Ce.
- a second group of Fe-Cr-AI based alloys comprises up to 15 % Cr and 20 to 60 % Al. These alloys further comprise at least one additional element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and the lanthanides.
- Fiber diameter, amount of fiber in weight per square meter and porosity are determined in function of :
- a typical example of a suitable fiber medium is a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m and a weight of 1050 g/m 2 .
- the stainless steel fiber web responds very quickly due to its small thermal mass and keeps the regeneration period to a strict minimum. As a consequence, the energy consumption during the regeneration cycle is also kept as small as possible.
- fuel is provided to the stainless steel fiber web.
- This fuel is preferably diesel as this is readily available.
- the diesel is preheated by the heat of the warm air coming from the engine and used as combustion air. By preheating the diesel is vaporized and after ignition beyond the membrane, combustion occurs in radiant mode. So, apart from the soot particulate matter, the only mass which needs heating up is the stainless steel fiber web, which is has a low thermal mass due to the small diameter fibers and their great number of mutual contacts. This explains the short regeneration cyles or periods and the low energy consumption.
- the method comprises the step of monitoring the pressure drop across the porous membrane during the filtration period. As particulate matter is building up at the surface of said membrane and in the membrane, this pressure drop increases during filtration. Once the pressure drop across the membrane reaches the threshold, which is checked automatically using a pressure gauge, the filtration period or cycle stops and the regeneration period or cycle starts.
- FIGURE 1 schematically shows the functioning of a diesel exhaust particulate filter system according to the second aspect of the invention.
- FIGURE 1 schematically shows the functioning of a diesel exhaust particulate filter system 10 according to the second aspect of the invention, where filtration and regeneration may occur in parallel.
- the diesel exhaust particulate filter system comprises at least two modules 12, 14 which are placed in parallel.
- Each module 12, 14 comprises a stainless steel fiber web 16, 18.
- This stainless steel fiber web is present in the form of a cylinder. Other forms, such as planar strips, are also possible.
- the diesel exhaust gases are guided via pipe 20 which at its end splits up into two separate inlet pipes 22, 24 leading resp. to module 12 and module 14.
- inlet pipe 24 control the flow of the exhaust gases.
- the diesel fuel can be injected via inlet pipe 30 to module 12 and via inlet pipe 32 to module 14.
- Valve 34 in inlet pipe 30 and valve 36 in inlet pipe 32 control the flow of the diesel fuel.
- Exit pipes 38 and 40, resp. for modules 12 and 14, guide the filtered exhaust gases away from the diesel engine.
- module 12 functions as filter whereas module 14 is being regenerated.
- Valve 28 is in a closed position and thus prevents the exhaust gases 50 from flowing to module 14.
- Valve 26 is in open position and allows the exhaust gases 50 to module 12.
- Valve 34 is in closed position, so no diesel is injected into module 12.
- the flow of exhaust gases 50 is radially inwards in the stainless steel fiber web cylinder 16 (as pointed out by the arrows). As particulate matter is building up at the radially outer surface of the steel fiber web cylinder 16, the pressure drop over the steel fiber web increases.
- This pressure drop is sensored by means of a pressure gauge which is positioned downstream (not shown). Once a predetermined critical level is passed, signals are given to the respective valves to have module 12 operated in regeneration mode and module 14 in filter mode. The filtered exhaust gases are axially guided away from the diesel engine via exit pipe 38 and valve.
- valve 36 is in open position and allows diesel to be injected into module 14.
- the diesel fuel 52 is heated by the present warm air coming from the engine and is ignited. Any particulate matter present on stainless steel fiber web 18 is burned away and the thus created exhaust gases 54 are led away via valve 47 and exit pipe 44. A flame is only present on the surface of steel fiber web 18. No flames are present in the various pipes.
- the diesel exhaust particulate filter system can be mounted on diesel motors for vehicles as well as for diesel motors functioning outside vehicles such as in stand-alone electrical generation systems.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU68335/00A AU6833500A (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2000-07-31 | Diesel exhaust particulate filter system |
EP00956368A EP1204813A1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2000-07-31 | Diesel exhaust particulate filter system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99202673 | 1999-08-19 | ||
EP99202673.2 | 1999-08-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001014696A1 true WO2001014696A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
Family
ID=8240549
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/007420 WO2001014696A1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2000-07-31 | Diesel exhaust particulate filter system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1204813A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU6833500A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001014696A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7108739B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2006-09-19 | Caterpillar Inc. | Efficiently regenerated particle trap for an internal combustion engine and method of operating same |
US7169200B2 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-01-30 | Caterpillar Inc | Particulate trap |
US7185489B2 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-03-06 | Caterpillar Inc | Particulate trap |
US7288137B2 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-10-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Particulate trap |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4373330A (en) * | 1981-06-29 | 1983-02-15 | General Motors Corporation | Diesel engine dual path exhaust cleaner and burner system |
US4535588A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1985-08-20 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Carbon particulates cleaning device for diesel engine |
US4871495A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-10-03 | The Duriron Company, Inc. | Process for producing porous ceramic filter for filtering of particulates from diesel exhaust gases |
WO1996006814A2 (en) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-07 | Micropyretics Heaters International | Filter manufactured by micropyrectic synthesis |
-
2000
- 2000-07-31 EP EP00956368A patent/EP1204813A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-07-31 WO PCT/EP2000/007420 patent/WO2001014696A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-31 AU AU68335/00A patent/AU6833500A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4535588A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1985-08-20 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Carbon particulates cleaning device for diesel engine |
US4373330A (en) * | 1981-06-29 | 1983-02-15 | General Motors Corporation | Diesel engine dual path exhaust cleaner and burner system |
US4871495A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-10-03 | The Duriron Company, Inc. | Process for producing porous ceramic filter for filtering of particulates from diesel exhaust gases |
WO1996006814A2 (en) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-03-07 | Micropyretics Heaters International | Filter manufactured by micropyrectic synthesis |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7108739B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2006-09-19 | Caterpillar Inc. | Efficiently regenerated particle trap for an internal combustion engine and method of operating same |
US7169200B2 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-01-30 | Caterpillar Inc | Particulate trap |
US7185489B2 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-03-06 | Caterpillar Inc | Particulate trap |
US7288137B2 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-10-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Particulate trap |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1204813A1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
AU6833500A (en) | 2001-03-19 |
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