WO2001048290A2 - Moulded part consisting of a nonwoven fabric and self-supporting moulded part produced from the same - Google Patents

Moulded part consisting of a nonwoven fabric and self-supporting moulded part produced from the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001048290A2
WO2001048290A2 PCT/EP2000/012945 EP0012945W WO0148290A2 WO 2001048290 A2 WO2001048290 A2 WO 2001048290A2 EP 0012945 W EP0012945 W EP 0012945W WO 0148290 A2 WO0148290 A2 WO 0148290A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nonwoven fabric
fibers
molded part
self
viscose fibers
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PCT/EP2000/012945
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German (de)
French (fr)
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WO2001048290A3 (en
Inventor
Walter Maier
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Quadrant Plastic Composites Ag
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Priority to EP00987417A priority Critical patent/EP1242662A2/en
Publication of WO2001048290A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001048290A2/en
Publication of WO2001048290A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001048290A3/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nonwoven fabric and to a self-supporting molded part produced from the nonwoven fabric by heat forming.
  • Molded parts of this type are widely used and are used in many areas of technology, in particular as insulation material against cold and heat as well as against sound.
  • motor vehicle construction for example, such molded parts are used in the interior trim in the doors, dashboards, parcel shelves, trunk linings and in the headliners.
  • a recently raised demand requires that the molded parts not only be inherently stable and self-supporting, but also recyclable and if possible without high technical effort.
  • molded parts have been produced that consist of non-woven fabrics with a high proportion of natural fibers.
  • the natural fibers here come from flax, hemp, jute, Sisal, kenaf, cotton, wool and the like in question, as well as their combinations.
  • the fleece was mixed with thermosetting or thermoplastic materials that harden or condense in the manufacturing process.
  • thermosetting or thermoplastic materials that harden or condense in the manufacturing process.
  • Patent DE 196 02 551 discloses a mat for the production of self-supporting molded parts, in which plastic fibers are added as a thermoplastic binder to a natural fiber fleece and, in addition, at least one further fleece covering made of plastic fibers is placed on the natural fiber fleece. A molded part made from it is very difficult to dispose of.
  • DE-A 198 52 067 describes a fiber-reinforced material which, among other things, from a thermoplastic natural polymer, e.g. Cellulose acetate, and hemp fibers.
  • the fibers are blended into molten polymer on an extruder. This is a complex, energy-intensive process that does not always lead to a homogeneous material.
  • DE-A 195 17 763 describes moldings made of composite material based on cellulose acetate as a binder and reinforcing natural fibers.
  • the composite material can be present, inter alia, as a nonwoven fabric which can have been produced by various processes, for example by mechanical nonwoven formation on cards or Carding. Needling of the nonwoven fabric is not described.
  • needleless nonwovens are preferably produced on a wet nonwoven line using the paper process. It has now been shown that needleless carded nonwovens are very difficult to handle and disintegrate into the individual fibers during further processing, if not very carefully. In the paper process, the fibers are held together by the adhering water. However, this process is very energy-intensive since the adhering water has to be evaporated again during pressing.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages of nonwovens described above and to create a molded part that is self-supporting and dimensionally stable and at the same time can be disposed of in the simplest way.
  • the molded part according to the invention is produced from a needled nonwoven fabric from a mixture of natural fibers with viscose fibers and / or modified viscose fibers with a high melting temperature.
  • the fleece is cut into individual mats of a predetermined size and pressed into the desired molded part in a heated press tool.
  • a carded nonwoven made from natural fibers and viscose fibers is used.
  • modified viscose fibers preferably acetate fibers, are used as viscose fibers.
  • Viscose fibers are cellulose fibers that are made from wood pulp using the viscose process.
  • the spun continuous fibers are cut to a length of 40 to 120 mm for the present application.
  • the preferred modified viscose fibers are fibers made from cellulose acetate, which are produced by reacting cellulose with acetic anhydride. Their melting temperature is above 190 ° C, depending on the degree of acetal they melt in the range of 200 to 250 ° C. These result in a good bond with the natural fibers as well as a high durability and dimensional stability of the molded part. At the same time, high strength and low specific weight are achieved with minimal shrinkage. Viscose fibers are much easier to dispose of than fibers made of polyamide or polyester. The melting temperature of the acetate fibers is above 190 ° C, which is important for the dimensional stability, temperature resistance and residual strength of the molded part. Finally, combinations of natural fibers, modified viscose fibers and viscose fibers are also possible. All components consist of renewable raw materials, so that the molded part was made from 100% renewable raw materials.
  • Natural fibers are fibers from flax, hemp, jute, sisal, kenaf, cotton and wool, which are cut to a length of 20 to 120 mm for the present application.
  • the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is laid out of natural fibers and viscose fibers and / or modified viscose fibers, preferably acetate fibers, and needled as carded nonwoven. This is done on conventional needling machines with a needling density of preferably 40 to 100 punctures per cm 2 , in particular of about 65 punctures per cm 2 .
  • the needling ensures the necessary cohesion of the fibers and thus increases the strength of the fleece.
  • This preferably has a specific weight of 0.05 to 0.02 g cm 3 , in particular of about 0.1 g / cm 3 .
  • the proportion of viscose fibers in the mixture is preferably 20 to 80 percent by weight, depending on the intended area of application for the molding.
  • natural fibers are less expensive, so that their share should be as high as possible for this reason.
  • a very versatile molded part can be formed from a mixture ratio of natural fibers to viscose fibers of 50 to 50% by weight.
  • the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric and thus also of the molded part pressed therefrom is selected in the range from 150 to 3000 g / m 2 , preferably 200 to 1000 g / m 2 .
  • the molded part has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm. Thicker molded parts are also possible.
  • the molded part is produced in such a way that individual mats are cut from an endless fiber fleece, which are pressed in a press tool under the action of heat and pressure to the desired molded part.
  • the temperature of the pressing tool is set in the range of the fixing temperature of the viscose fibers and is usually above 180 ° C. The preferred range is 200 to 250 ° C.
  • a nonwoven fabric is produced from 50% by weight of bast fibers and 50% by weight of acetate fibers in a continuous carding nonwoven laying process.
  • the nonwoven fabric has a specific weight of 0.13 g cm 3 and is needled on a needle machine.
  • the needling density is approx. 65 punctures / cm 2 .
  • the fiber fleece is cut into individual mats to sizes intended for molded parts for motor vehicle doors.
  • the individual mats are placed in a press tool which has been heated to a temperature of 240 ° C and pressed therein with a press pressure of 0.5 bar. After the pressing process, the molded part is removed from the pressing tool. When cooled, a molded part was created that has high strength and dimensional stability with minimal shrinkage. It is much easier to dispose of than a molded part with a proportion of polyamides or polyesters.

Abstract

The invention relates to a needled web consisting of natural fibres and optionally modified viscose fibres, preferably acetate fibres. A self-supporting moulded part is produced from this nonwoven fabric by pressure and heat treatment.

Description

Foπnteil aus einem Faservlies und daraus hergestelltes selbsttragendes Formteil Foπnteil from a nonwoven fabric and self-supporting molded part made therefrom
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Faservlies, sowie ein selbsttragendes, durch Wärmeumformung aus dem Faservlies hergestelltes Formteil.The invention relates to a nonwoven fabric and to a self-supporting molded part produced from the nonwoven fabric by heat forming.
Formteile dieser Art sind weit verbreitet und werden in vielen Bereichen der Technik eingesetzt, insbesondere als Isoliermaterial gegen Kälte und Hitze als auch gegen Schall. Im Kraftfahrzeugbau werden beispielsweise in der Innenverkleidung in den Türen, Armaturenbrettern, Hutablagen, Kofferraumverkleidungen und bei Dachhimmeln solche Formteile eingesetzt. Eine in neuerer Zeit erhobene Forderung verlangt, dass die Formteile nicht nur in sich formstabil und selbsttragend, sondern auch recyclebar sein sollen und das möglichst ohne hohen technischen Aufwand. Man hat deshalb Formteile hergestellt, die aus Faservliesen mit einem hohen Anteil an Naturfasern bestehen. Als Naturfasern kommen hier Fasern aus Flachs, Hanf, Jute, Sisal, Kenaf, Baumwolle, Wolle und dergleichen in Frage, sowie deren Kombinationen. Um die gewünschte Formstabilität zu erreichen und auch um einen guten Verbund der Fasern zu bewerkstelligen, wurden dem Vlies duroplastische oder thermoplastische Materialien beigemischt, die im Herstellungsprozess aushärten bzw. auskondensieren. Diese Materialien sind bei der Entsorgung der Formteile jedoch sehr störend, insbesondere auch deshalb, weil sie nicht abgesondert werden können.Molded parts of this type are widely used and are used in many areas of technology, in particular as insulation material against cold and heat as well as against sound. In motor vehicle construction, for example, such molded parts are used in the interior trim in the doors, dashboards, parcel shelves, trunk linings and in the headliners. A recently raised demand requires that the molded parts not only be inherently stable and self-supporting, but also recyclable and if possible without high technical effort. For this reason, molded parts have been produced that consist of non-woven fabrics with a high proportion of natural fibers. The natural fibers here come from flax, hemp, jute, Sisal, kenaf, cotton, wool and the like in question, as well as their combinations. In order to achieve the desired dimensional stability and also to achieve a good bond between the fibers, the fleece was mixed with thermosetting or thermoplastic materials that harden or condense in the manufacturing process. However, these materials are very troublesome when disposing of the molded parts, in particular because they cannot be separated.
Durch die Patentschrift DE 196 02 551 ist beispielsweise eine Matte für die Herstellung selbsttragender Formteile bekannt, bei der einem Naturfaservlies Kunststofffasern als thermoplastisches Bindemittel beigegeben sind und außerdem mindestens eine weitere Vliesauflage aus Kunststofffasern auf das Naturfaservlies aufgelegt wird. Ein daraus hergestelltes Formteil ist nur sehr schwer zu entsorgen.Patent DE 196 02 551, for example, discloses a mat for the production of self-supporting molded parts, in which plastic fibers are added as a thermoplastic binder to a natural fiber fleece and, in addition, at least one further fleece covering made of plastic fibers is placed on the natural fiber fleece. A molded part made from it is very difficult to dispose of.
In der DE-A 198 52 067 ist ein faserverstärkter Werkstoff beschrieben, der u.a. aus einem thermoplastischen natürlichen Polymeren, z.B. Celluloseacetat, und Hanffasern besteht. Die Fasern werden auf einem Extruder in geschmolzenes Polymer eingemischt. Dies ist ein aufwendiges, energieintensives Verfahren, das nicht immer zu einem homogenen Werkstoff führt.DE-A 198 52 067 describes a fiber-reinforced material which, among other things, from a thermoplastic natural polymer, e.g. Cellulose acetate, and hemp fibers. The fibers are blended into molten polymer on an extruder. This is a complex, energy-intensive process that does not always lead to a homogeneous material.
In der DE-A 195 17 763 sind Formkörper aus Verbundmaterial auf Basis von Celluloseacetat als Bindemittel und verstärkenden Naturfasern beschrieben. Das Verbundmaterial kann u.a. als Faservlies vorliegen, das nach verschiedenen Verfahren hergestellt worden sein kann, z.B. durch mechanische Vliesbildung auf Krempeln oder Karden. Eine Vernadelung des Faservlieses ist aber nicht beschrieben. In den Beispielen werden unvernadelte Faservliese vorzugsweise auf einer Naßvliesanlage nach dem Papierverfahren hergestellt. Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß unvernadelte Krempelvliese nur sehr schwierig handhabbar sind und bei der Weiterverarbeitung in die Einzelfasern zerfallen, wenn nicht sehr vorsichtig hantiert wird. Bei dem Papierverfahren ist der Zusammenhalt der Fasern durch das anhaftende Wasser gegeben. Dieses Verfahren ist aber sehr energieaufwendig, da das anhaftende Wasser beim Verpressen wieder verdampft werden muß.DE-A 195 17 763 describes moldings made of composite material based on cellulose acetate as a binder and reinforcing natural fibers. The composite material can be present, inter alia, as a nonwoven fabric which can have been produced by various processes, for example by mechanical nonwoven formation on cards or Carding. Needling of the nonwoven fabric is not described. In the examples, needleless nonwovens are preferably produced on a wet nonwoven line using the paper process. It has now been shown that needleless carded nonwovens are very difficult to handle and disintegrate into the individual fibers during further processing, if not very carefully. In the paper process, the fibers are held together by the adhering water. However, this process is very energy-intensive since the adhering water has to be evaporated again during pressing.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die oben geschilderten Nachteile an Faservliesen zu vermeiden und ein Formteil zu schaffen, das selbsttragend und formstabil ist und gleichzeitig auf einfachste Weise entsorgt werden kann.The invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages of nonwovens described above and to create a molded part that is self-supporting and dimensionally stable and at the same time can be disposed of in the simplest way.
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 erreicht. Die Unteransprüche geben weitere Ausgestaltungen wieder.The solution to the problem is achieved by the features of claim 1. The sub-claims reflect further refinements.
Das erfindungsgemäße Formteil wird aus einem vernadelten Faservlies aus einer Mischung von Naturfasern mit Viskosefasern und/oder modifizierten Viskosefasern mit einer hohen Schmelztemperatur hergestellt. Das Vlies wird in einzelne Matten vorbestimmter Größe zerschnitten und in einem erhitzten Presswerkzeug zu dem gewünschten Formteil gepresst. Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Krempelvlies aus Naturfasern und Viskosefasern verwendet. Die günstigste Lösung ergibt sich dann, wenn als Viskosefasern modifizierte Viskosefasern, bevorzugt Acetatfasern, verwendet werden. Viskosefasern sind Cellulosefasern, die nach dem Viskoseverfahren aus Holzzellstoff hergestellt werden. Die gesponnenen Endlosfasern werden für die vorliegende Anwendung auf eine Länge von 40 bis 120 mm geschnitten. Die bevorzugten modifizierten Viskosefasern sind Fasern aus Celluloseacetat, die durch Umsetzung von Cellulose mit Essigsäureanhydrid hergestellt werden. Ihre Schmelztemperatur liegt oberhalb von 190°C, je nach Acetalisierungsgrad schmelzen sie im Bereich von 200 bis 250°C. Diese ergeben einen guten Verbund mit den Naturfasern sowie eine hohe Haltbarkeit und Formstabilität des Formteils. Gleichzeitig wird eine hohe Festigkeit und ein geringes spezifisches Gewicht bei geringstem Schrumpf erreicht. Viskosefasern sind erheblich leichter zu entsorgen als Fasern aus Polyamid oder Polyester.Die Schmelztemperatur der Acetatfasern liegt oberhalb von 190°C, was für die Formstabilität, Temperaturbeständigkeit und Restfestigkeit des Formteils von Bedeutung ist. Möglich sind schließlich auch Kombinationen aus Naturfasern, modifizierten Viskosefasern und Viskosefasern. Alle Bestandteile bestehen dabei aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, so dass das Formteil zu 100 % aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen gebildet wurde.The molded part according to the invention is produced from a needled nonwoven fabric from a mixture of natural fibers with viscose fibers and / or modified viscose fibers with a high melting temperature. The fleece is cut into individual mats of a predetermined size and pressed into the desired molded part in a heated press tool. According to the invention, a carded nonwoven made from natural fibers and viscose fibers is used. The cheapest solution is then if modified viscose fibers, preferably acetate fibers, are used as viscose fibers. Viscose fibers are cellulose fibers that are made from wood pulp using the viscose process. The spun continuous fibers are cut to a length of 40 to 120 mm for the present application. The preferred modified viscose fibers are fibers made from cellulose acetate, which are produced by reacting cellulose with acetic anhydride. Their melting temperature is above 190 ° C, depending on the degree of acetal they melt in the range of 200 to 250 ° C. These result in a good bond with the natural fibers as well as a high durability and dimensional stability of the molded part. At the same time, high strength and low specific weight are achieved with minimal shrinkage. Viscose fibers are much easier to dispose of than fibers made of polyamide or polyester. The melting temperature of the acetate fibers is above 190 ° C, which is important for the dimensional stability, temperature resistance and residual strength of the molded part. Finally, combinations of natural fibers, modified viscose fibers and viscose fibers are also possible. All components consist of renewable raw materials, so that the molded part was made from 100% renewable raw materials.
Als Naturfasern kommen Fasern aus Flachs, Hanf, Jute, Sisal, Kenaf, Baumwolle und Wolle in Frage, die für die vorliegende Anwendung auf eine Länge von 20 bis 120 mm geschnitten werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Faservlies wird aus Naturfasern und Viskosefasern und/oder modifizierten Viskosefasern, vorzugsweise Acetatfasern, als Krempelvlies gelegt und vernadelt. Dies geschieht auf üblichen Nadelmaschinen mit einer Vemadelungsdichte von vorzugsweise 40 bis 100 Einstichen pro cm2, insbesondere von etwa 65 Einstichen pro cm2. Die Vernadelung bewirkt den notwendigen Zusammenhalt der Fasern und erhöht somit die Festigkeit des Vlieses. Dieses hat vorzugsweise ein spezifisches Gewicht von 0,05 bis 0,02 g cm3, insbesondere von etwa 0,1 g/cm3.Natural fibers are fibers from flax, hemp, jute, sisal, kenaf, cotton and wool, which are cut to a length of 20 to 120 mm for the present application. The nonwoven fabric according to the invention is laid out of natural fibers and viscose fibers and / or modified viscose fibers, preferably acetate fibers, and needled as carded nonwoven. This is done on conventional needling machines with a needling density of preferably 40 to 100 punctures per cm 2 , in particular of about 65 punctures per cm 2 . The needling ensures the necessary cohesion of the fibers and thus increases the strength of the fleece. This preferably has a specific weight of 0.05 to 0.02 g cm 3 , in particular of about 0.1 g / cm 3 .
Der Anteil an Viskosefasern in der Mischung beträgt vorzugsweise 20 bis 80 Gewichtsprozent je nach vorgesehenem Anwendungsgebiet für das Formteil. Je höher der Anteil an Viskosefasern ist, umso höher sind Festigkeit und Formstabilität des Formteils. Andererseits sind Naturfasern kostengünstiger, so daß ihr Anteil aus diesem Grunde möglichst hoch sein soll. Ein sehr vielseitig verwendbares Formteil kann aus einem Mischungsverhältnis von Naturfasern zu Viskosefasern von 50 zu 50 Gew.% gebildet werden.The proportion of viscose fibers in the mixture is preferably 20 to 80 percent by weight, depending on the intended area of application for the molding. The higher the proportion of viscose fibers, the higher the strength and dimensional stability of the molded part. On the other hand, natural fibers are less expensive, so that their share should be as high as possible for this reason. A very versatile molded part can be formed from a mixture ratio of natural fibers to viscose fibers of 50 to 50% by weight.
Das Flächengewicht des Faservlieses und damit auch des daraus gepreßten Formteils wird im Bereich von 150 bis 3000 g/m2, vorzugsweise 200 bis 1000 g/m2, gewählt. Dabei hat das Formteil eine Stärke von 1 bis 5 mm. Dickere Formteile sind jedoch auch möglich. Die Herstellung des Formteils erfolgt in der Weise, dass aus einem endlosen Faservlies Einzelmatten geschnitten werden, die in einem Presswerkzeug unter Einwirkung von Hitze und Druck zum gewünschten Formteil verpresst werden. Die Temperatur des Presswerkzeugs wird im Bereich der Fixiertemperatur der Viskosefasern eingestellt und liegt in der Regel oberhalb von 180°C. Der bevorzugte Bereich liegt bei 200 bis 250°C.The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric and thus also of the molded part pressed therefrom is selected in the range from 150 to 3000 g / m 2 , preferably 200 to 1000 g / m 2 . The molded part has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm. Thicker molded parts are also possible. The molded part is produced in such a way that individual mats are cut from an endless fiber fleece, which are pressed in a press tool under the action of heat and pressure to the desired molded part. The temperature of the pressing tool is set in the range of the fixing temperature of the viscose fibers and is usually above 180 ° C. The preferred range is 200 to 250 ° C.
Beispiel:Example:
Es wird ein Faservlies aus 50 Gew.% Bastfasern und 50 Gew.% Acetatfasern im kontinuierlichen Krempelvlieslegeverfahren hergestellt. Das Faservlies hat ein spezifisches Gewicht von 0,13 g cm3 und wird auf einer Nadelmaschine vernadelt. Die Vernadelungsdichte beträgt ca. 65 Einstiche /cm2. Das Faservlies wird in Einzelmatten auf Größen zerschnitten, die für Formteile für Kraftfahrzeugtüren bestimmt sind. Die Einzelmatten werden in ein Presswerkzeug eingelegt, das auf eine Temperatur von 240°C aufgeheizt wurde, und darin mit einem Pressdruck von 0,5 bar verpresst. Nach dem Pressvorgang wird das Formteil dem Presswerkzeug entnommen. Abgekühlt ist ein Formteil entstanden, das eine hohe Festigkeit und Formstabilität bei geringster Schrumpfung aufweist. Seine Entsorgung ist erheblich leichter durchführbar als die eines Formteils mit einem Anteil an Polyamiden oder Polyestern. A nonwoven fabric is produced from 50% by weight of bast fibers and 50% by weight of acetate fibers in a continuous carding nonwoven laying process. The nonwoven fabric has a specific weight of 0.13 g cm 3 and is needled on a needle machine. The needling density is approx. 65 punctures / cm 2 . The fiber fleece is cut into individual mats to sizes intended for molded parts for motor vehicle doors. The individual mats are placed in a press tool which has been heated to a temperature of 240 ° C and pressed therein with a press pressure of 0.5 bar. After the pressing process, the molded part is removed from the pressing tool. When cooled, a molded part was created that has high strength and dimensional stability with minimal shrinkage. It is much easier to dispose of than a molded part with a proportion of polyamides or polyesters.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Faservlies, bestehend aus einer Mischung von Naturfasern und Viskosefasern und/oder modifizierten Viskosefasern mit erhöhter Schmelztemperatur, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Faservlies ein vemadeltes Krempelvlies ist.1. Nonwoven fabric, consisting of a mixture of natural fibers and viscose fibers and / or modified viscose fibers with an increased melting temperature, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is a needled carded nonwoven.
2. Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die modifizierten Viskosefasern Acetatfasern sind.2. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the modified viscose fibers are acetate fibers.
3. Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelztemperatur der modifizierten Viskosefasern oberhalb von 1 0° C liegt.3. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting temperature of the modified viscose fibers is above 1 0 ° C.
4. Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil der Viskosefasern und/oder modifizierten Viskosefasern in der Mischung 20 bis 80 Gew. % beträgt. 4. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of viscose fibers and / or modified viscose fibers in the mixture is 20 to 80 wt.%.
5. Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sein Flächengewicht 150 bis 3000 g/m2, vorzugsweise 200 bis 1000 g/m2 beträgt.5. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that its weight per unit area is 150 to 3000 g / m 2 , preferably 200 to 1000 g / m 2 .
6. Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vernadelungsdichte 40 bis 100 Einstiche pro cm2, vorzugsweise 65 Einstiche pro cm2 beträgt.6. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the needling density is 40 to 100 punctures per cm 2 , preferably 65 punctures per cm 2 .
7. Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das spezifische Gewicht des Faservlieses 0,05 bis 2 g/cm2, vorzugsweise etwa 0,1 g/cm2 beträgt.7. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific weight of the nonwoven fabric is 0.05 to 2 g / cm 2 , preferably about 0.1 g / cm 2 .
8. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines selbsttragenden Formteils aus dem Faservlies nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das vernadelte Krempelvlies in Einzelmatten geschnitten und in einer Preßform einer Druck- und Temperaturbehandlung unterzogen wird.8. A method for producing a self-supporting molded part from the nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the needled carded nonwoven is cut into individual mats and subjected to a pressure and temperature treatment in a press mold.
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Formteils nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur bei Verpressen oberhalb von 180°C, vorzugsweise zwischen 200 und 250°C liegt.9. A process for producing the molded part according to claim 8, characterized in that the temperature during pressing is above 180 ° C, preferably between 200 and 250 ° C.
10. Selbsttragendes Formteil, hergestellt durch Wärmeumformung aus dem vernadelten Krempelvlies nach Anspruch 1. 10. Self-supporting molded part, produced by heat shaping from the needled carded nonwoven according to claim 1.
1. Selbsttragendes Formteil nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Stärke von 1 bis 5 mm hat. 1. Self-supporting molded part according to claim 10, characterized in that it has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm.
PCT/EP2000/012945 1999-12-23 2000-12-19 Moulded part consisting of a nonwoven fabric and self-supporting moulded part produced from the same WO2001048290A2 (en)

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EP00987417A EP1242662A2 (en) 1999-12-23 2000-12-19 Moulded part consisting of a nonwoven fabric and self-supporting moulded part produced from the same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19962640.5 1999-12-23
DE19962640A DE19962640A1 (en) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Self-supporting and shaped component from a fiber nonwoven, uses a material mixture containing fibers of a high melting point to be shaped and bonded by heat and pressure in a molding press

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WO2001048290A2 true WO2001048290A2 (en) 2001-07-05
WO2001048290A3 WO2001048290A3 (en) 2002-05-30

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004022464B4 (en) * 2004-05-06 2011-08-18 Techtex GmbH Vliesstoffe, 09648 Molded part for the interior decoration of vehicles

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3051171A (en) * 1959-02-04 1962-08-28 Johnson & Johnson Surgical dressing
GB2264959A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-15 John Cotton Moulding fibrous articles
US5308663A (en) * 1989-06-20 1994-05-03 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Company Limited Biodegradable nonwoven fabric and its molding vessel
WO1996021066A1 (en) * 1995-01-03 1996-07-11 Erkobest Ay Insulation product and method for producing the same
DE19517763A1 (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-11-21 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Shaped body made of composite material based on cellulose acetate and reinforcing natural cellulose fibers, a process for its production and its use
US5783505A (en) * 1996-01-04 1998-07-21 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Compostable and biodegradable compositions of a blend of natural cellulosic and thermoplastic biodegradable fibers

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3051171A (en) * 1959-02-04 1962-08-28 Johnson & Johnson Surgical dressing
US5308663A (en) * 1989-06-20 1994-05-03 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Company Limited Biodegradable nonwoven fabric and its molding vessel
GB2264959A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-15 John Cotton Moulding fibrous articles
WO1996021066A1 (en) * 1995-01-03 1996-07-11 Erkobest Ay Insulation product and method for producing the same
DE19517763A1 (en) * 1995-05-15 1996-11-21 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Shaped body made of composite material based on cellulose acetate and reinforcing natural cellulose fibers, a process for its production and its use
US5783505A (en) * 1996-01-04 1998-07-21 The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation Compostable and biodegradable compositions of a blend of natural cellulosic and thermoplastic biodegradable fibers

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WO2001048290A3 (en) 2002-05-30
EP1242662A2 (en) 2002-09-25

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