WO2001054176A1 - Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors - Google Patents
Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001054176A1 WO2001054176A1 PCT/US2001/001758 US0101758W WO0154176A1 WO 2001054176 A1 WO2001054176 A1 WO 2001054176A1 US 0101758 W US0101758 W US 0101758W WO 0154176 A1 WO0154176 A1 WO 0154176A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wafer
- silicon
- silicon wafer
- handle
- micro
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
- H01L21/2003—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy characterised by the substrate
- H01L21/2007—Bonding of semiconductor wafers to insulating substrates or to semiconducting substrates using an intermediate insulating layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/7624—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology
- H01L21/76251—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology using bonding techniques
Definitions
- the invention relates to the fabrication of Silicon- On-Insulator (SOI) structures.
- SOI wafer is a bonded SOI wafer.
- a bonded SOI wafer is manufactured as two wafers, a device wafer and a handle wafer.
- the handle wafer is thermally oxidized to form on its surface an oxide layer.
- Both wafers are chemically treated to become hydrophilic, are aligned and their polished surfaces allowed to come into contact.
- the wafers adhere to each other and, after a high temperature annealing process, are strongly bonded together.
- the bonded wafer is ground and polished to form a finished wafer consisting of a handle wafer, an intermediate buried oxide and a device silicon wafer.
- the device wafer can typically range from less than one micron to several tens of microns in thickness.
- Prior scanners use a single crystal SOI fabricated mirror.
- the silicon of the handle wafer is etched away from beneath the device layer and the buried oxide layer serves as a convenient hard etch stop layer during this process.
- the remaining thin device layer of silicon is etched to form a one- or two-dimensional moveable mirror, as described in U.S. Patent 5,629,790, to Neukermans et al.
- a method of fabricating a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) bonded wafer structure includes oxidizing a device silicon wafer and bonding the oxidized device silicon wafer to a handle silicon wafer.
- SOI Silicon-On-Insulator
- Embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features.
- Fabricating the SOI bonded wafer structure can further include lapping the device silicon wafer down to a desired thickness and etching the device silicon wafer to define a mirror. Fabricating the SOI bonded wafer structure can further include oxidizing the handle silicon wafer prior to bonding the oxidized device silicon wafer to the handle silicon wafer.
- the oxidizing of the handler silicon wafer and the oxidizing of the device silicon wafer can each result in oxide films approximately equal to one-half of a desired thickness.
- the device silicon wafer, the handle silicon wafer, or both of the silicon wafers can be made of polysilicon.
- the advantages of the present invention are the following. If the buried oxide layer is grown on the device wafer instead of the handle wafer, the flatness of a silicon mirror fabricated with an SOI manufacturing process so modified may be substantially improved. Similar results may be obtained if an oxide film half the desired thickness is grown on both the handle and device wafers, or the oxide film is split between the two wafers in some other manner.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a prior art silicon bonded wafer structure.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of micro-mirror structure fabricated from a silicon bonded wafer structure.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of a silicon bonded wafer structure fabricated using a thermally oxidized device wafer.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of a silicon bonded wafer structure fabricated using thermally oxidized handle and device wafers .
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a bonded wafer structure fabricated using polysilicon instead of single crystal silicon as the device wafer.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic depiction of polysilicon resistive sensors arranged in a Wheatstone bridge arrangement for measuring torque.
- a prior art silicon bonded wafer structure 10 including a set of bonded wafers, more particularly, a handle wafer 12 and a device wafer 14, separated by an oxide layer 16, is shown.
- the wafers are bonded as follows.
- the handle wafer 12 is thermally oxidized to form the oxide layer 16, which typically has a thickness of a few thousand Angstrom.
- the device wafer 14 is bonded to the oxidized handle wafer 12. Once bonded, the device wafer 14 is lapped down or otherwise thinned to a required thickness.
- a micro-mirror structure 20 produced from the silicon bonded wafer structure 10 (of FIG. 1) is shown.
- etching is performed and a moveable mirror 32 is defined in the device wafer 14.
- This process is described in U.S. Patent Application Serial Nos . 5,629,790 and 6,044,705, both to Neukermans et al., both incorporated herein by reference. It is found that for very large thin mirrors (e.g., several mm in size and 2-10 micron thick) produced by this process, there are some residual stresses that make such mirrors marginal for use in very demanding optical applications.
- an enhanced silicon bonded wafer structure 30 includes the handle wafer 12, the device wafer 14 and the oxide layer 16 disposed therebetween.
- the device wafer 14 is thermally oxidized to form the oxide layer 16.
- the oxidized device wafer 14 and handle wafer 12 are bonded, and the device wafer 14 is thinned.
- a micro-mirror structure is provided from the silicon bonded wafer structure 30 using techniques as shown and described in FIG. 2.
- the mirrors manufactured on the silicon bonded wafer structure 30 are much flatter than those manufactured using conventionally provided a set of bonded wafers.
- both the handle wafer 12 and the device wafer 14 can be oxidized to form the oxide layer 16 prior to bonding.
- the wafers 12, 14 may be oxidized with the same or different thickness.
- the thickness of the oxide grown on the handle wafer 12 is equal to or less than the thickness of the oxide grown on the device wafer 14.
- a single crystal silicon device layer also allows for the incorporation of high sensitivity shear sensors, which allow the positioning of mirrors in micro- mirror structures like the one shown in FIG. 2 with great accuracy.
- an SOI structure that includes polysilicon is used to produce a more ductile material.
- a silicon bonded wafer structure 50 includes the handle wafer 12 and the oxide wafer 16, but the single crystal device wafer 14 (of FIGS. 1-4) is replaced by a polysilicon device wafer 52, of the same size.
- the polysilicon wafer 52 is lapped down to the desired thickness and, after etching, gives rise to the structure 50.
- the top layer 52 is polysilicon, and, as before, the intermediate layer 16 is oxide and the bottom layer 12 is a single crystal silicon layer.
- the polysilicon wafer yields a thick (5-100 micron), stress free layer of polysilicon that is suitable as a mirror plate.
- the resultant layer of polysilicon is then treated as the single crystal layer for purposes of mirror construction.
- the polysilicon layer can be used to define polysilicon hinge sensors as well, and in the same manner as single crystal silicon.
- the handle wafer 12 can also be made of polysilicon.
- one or both of the wafers 12, 14 can be made of polysilicon and an oxide formed on the device wafer 14 (whether it be made of polysilicon or single crystal silicon) as described above.
- a partial view of a hinge 60 shows four polysilicon resistive sensors 62 placed in a Wheatstone bridge type arrangement 64 so that the output corresponds to a shear measurement, that is, the diagonal axis of the Wheatstone bridge 64 is along the direction of hinge 62. Applying voltage to a-a produces an output b-b if shear is present.
- This arrangement is similar to that of measuring torque with classical strain gauges. It may be noted that the polysilicon hinge sensors are not as sensitive as those made from the single crystal silicon.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01903124A EP1254479A1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors |
CA002397760A CA2397760A1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors |
AU2001230982A AU2001230982A1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17632500P | 2000-01-18 | 2000-01-18 | |
US60/176,325 | 2000-01-18 | ||
US71591600A | 2000-11-16 | 2000-11-16 | |
US09/715,916 | 2000-11-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001054176A1 true WO2001054176A1 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
WO2001054176A9 WO2001054176A9 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
Family
ID=26872109
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/001758 WO2001054176A1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2001-01-18 | Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1254479A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001230982A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2397760A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001054176A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003018039A1 (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-03-06 | Dna Informatics Inc. | Pharmaceutical ingredient for medical treatment and preventing of cancer |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4580568A (en) | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-08 | Cook, Incorporated | Percutaneous endovascular stent and method for insertion thereof |
EP0209173A1 (en) * | 1985-06-20 | 1987-01-21 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of manufacturing semiconductor devices comprising the mechanical connection of two bodies |
US4902508A (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1990-02-20 | Purdue Research Foundation | Tissue graft composition |
JPH05136014A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-06-01 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Manufacture of laminated soi substrate |
JPH0774329A (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-17 | Toshiba Corp | Semiconductor device |
US5554389A (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1996-09-10 | Purdue Research Foundation | Urinary bladder submucosa derived tissue graft |
US5597410A (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1997-01-28 | Yen; Yung C. | Method to make a SOI wafer for IC manufacturing |
US5629790A (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 1997-05-13 | Neukermans; Armand P. | Micromachined torsional scanner |
US5733337A (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1998-03-31 | Organogenesis, Inc. | Tissue repair fabric |
WO1998022158A2 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1998-05-28 | Cook Biotech, Incorporated | Graft prosthesis, materials and methods |
WO1998025636A1 (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Stomach submucosa derived tissue graft |
WO1998026291A1 (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Gastric submucosal tissue as a novel diagnosis tool |
WO1998025637A1 (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Biomaterial derived from vertebrate liver tissue |
US5968096A (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1999-10-19 | Purdue Research Foundation | Method of repairing perforated submucosal tissue graft constructs |
-
2001
- 2001-01-18 AU AU2001230982A patent/AU2001230982A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-18 EP EP01903124A patent/EP1254479A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-18 WO PCT/US2001/001758 patent/WO2001054176A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-18 CA CA002397760A patent/CA2397760A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4580568A (en) | 1984-10-01 | 1986-04-08 | Cook, Incorporated | Percutaneous endovascular stent and method for insertion thereof |
EP0209173A1 (en) * | 1985-06-20 | 1987-01-21 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of manufacturing semiconductor devices comprising the mechanical connection of two bodies |
US4902508A (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1990-02-20 | Purdue Research Foundation | Tissue graft composition |
JPH05136014A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-06-01 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Manufacture of laminated soi substrate |
JPH0774329A (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-17 | Toshiba Corp | Semiconductor device |
US5629790A (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 1997-05-13 | Neukermans; Armand P. | Micromachined torsional scanner |
US5597410A (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1997-01-28 | Yen; Yung C. | Method to make a SOI wafer for IC manufacturing |
US5554389A (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1996-09-10 | Purdue Research Foundation | Urinary bladder submucosa derived tissue graft |
US5733337A (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1998-03-31 | Organogenesis, Inc. | Tissue repair fabric |
US5968096A (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1999-10-19 | Purdue Research Foundation | Method of repairing perforated submucosal tissue graft constructs |
WO1998022158A2 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1998-05-28 | Cook Biotech, Incorporated | Graft prosthesis, materials and methods |
WO1998025636A1 (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Stomach submucosa derived tissue graft |
WO1998026291A1 (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Gastric submucosal tissue as a novel diagnosis tool |
WO1998025637A1 (en) | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Biomaterial derived from vertebrate liver tissue |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
BAUMGART H ET AL: "Evaluation of wafer bonding and etch back for SOI technology", PHILIPS JOURNAL OF RESEARCH,NL,ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, vol. 49, no. 1, 1995, pages 91 - 124, XP004011508, ISSN: 0165-5817 * |
HILLER K ET AL: "Low temperature approaches for fabrication of high-frequency microscanners", MINIATURIZED SYSTEMS WITH MICRO-OPTICS AND MEMS, SANTA CLARA, CA, USA, 20-22 SEPT. 1999, vol. 3878, Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1999, SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng, USA, pages 58 - 66, XP000998250, ISSN: 0277-786X * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 514 (E - 1433) 16 September 1993 (1993-09-16) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 06 31 July 1995 (1995-07-31) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003018039A1 (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-03-06 | Dna Informatics Inc. | Pharmaceutical ingredient for medical treatment and preventing of cancer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2001230982A1 (en) | 2001-07-31 |
CA2397760A1 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
EP1254479A1 (en) | 2002-11-06 |
WO2001054176A9 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TW505613B (en) | Staggered torsional electrostatic combdrive and method of forming same | |
Su et al. | Surface-micromachined 2-D optical scanners with high-performance single-crystalline silicon micromirrors | |
US7486430B2 (en) | Single-crystal-silicon 3D micromirror | |
US6872319B2 (en) | Process for high yield fabrication of MEMS devices | |
US6038928A (en) | Miniature gauge pressure sensor using silicon fusion bonding and back etching | |
US6686639B1 (en) | High performance MEMS device fabricatable with high yield | |
Enikov et al. | Three-dimensional microfabrication for a multi-degree-of-freedom capacitive force sensor using fibre-chip coupling | |
TW201017739A (en) | A method of initiating molecular bonding | |
US8828243B2 (en) | Scanning probe having integrated silicon tip with cantilever | |
US10261106B2 (en) | Photonic probe for atomic force microscopy | |
Jeong et al. | Split-frame gimbaled two-dimensional MEMS scanner for miniature dual-axis confocal microendoscopes fabricated by front-side processing | |
US6934063B2 (en) | MEMS mirror | |
US7682030B2 (en) | Deformable mirror apparatus | |
US6718824B2 (en) | Semiconductor dynamic quantity detecting sensor and manufacturing method of the same | |
WO2001054176A9 (en) | Wafer bonding techniques to minimize built-in stress of silicon microstructures and micro-mirrors | |
CA2384889C (en) | Temporary bridge for micro machined structures | |
US20090080097A1 (en) | Novel monocrystalline silicon micromirrors for maskless lithography | |
JP4558745B2 (en) | Optical component and method for manufacturing the same | |
Kronast et al. | Development of a focusing micromirror device with an in-plane stress relief structure in silicon-on-insulator technology | |
JP2002350259A (en) | Semiconductor pressure senor and its manufacturing method | |
JP2001066208A (en) | Semiconductor pressure measuring device and manufacturing method thereof | |
JPH06221945A (en) | Semiconductor pressure sensor and manufacture thereof | |
Kronast et al. | Development of a focusing micromirror device with an in-plane stress relief structure in SOI technology | |
Hou et al. | Fabrication of micromachined focusing mirrors with seamless reflective surface | |
JPH0894398A (en) | Silicon microsensor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2001903124 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2397760 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2001903124 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
COP | Corrected version of pamphlet |
Free format text: PAGES 1/2-2/2, DRAWINGS, REPLACED BY NEW PAGES 1/2-2/2; DUE TO LATE TRANSMITTAL BY THE RECEIVING OFFICE |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 2001903124 Country of ref document: EP |