WO2001069612A2 - Structure of crude pellet for plastic magnet - Google Patents
Structure of crude pellet for plastic magnet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001069612A2 WO2001069612A2 PCT/IB2001/000659 IB0100659W WO0169612A2 WO 2001069612 A2 WO2001069612 A2 WO 2001069612A2 IB 0100659 W IB0100659 W IB 0100659W WO 0169612 A2 WO0169612 A2 WO 0169612A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ferromagnetic alloy
- alloy powder
- ferromagnetic
- nano
- powder
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y25/00—Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0578—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0579—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B with exchange spin coupling between hard and soft nanophases, e.g. nanocomposite spring magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/083—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together in a bonding agent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
Definitions
- This invention concerns the structure and composition of crude pellets used for the production of a plastic magnet.
- a plastic magnet is produced by the method in which ferromagnetic alloy powder and thermoplastic resin are melted, kneaded, and extruded to form pellets and then the pellets are annealed and reformed in a proper mold under a magnetic field.
- the composition and the internal structure of the ferromagnetic alloy powder influence the magnetic properties, and the shape influences the forming of the pellets and the plastic magnets.
- the ferromagnetic alloy powder is usually produced with mechanical pulverization of an alloy having the proper composition.
- a powder of the rare earth-iron-boron alloy R-Fe-B where R is rare earth metal
- R-Fe-B where R is rare earth metal
- microscopic images of the pulverized powder showed that the powder surfaces were rough and flake-like, and the sizes were not uniform.
- the amount of the resin or the extrusion pressure should have been increased.
- such a rough shape of the powder was not preferable for the magnetic property of the produced plastic magnet.
- the present invention provides the structure and composition of a crude pellet used for the production of a plastic magnet with excellent magnetic properties.
- the crude pellet for the plastic magnet has the structure resulting from the melted and kneaded mixture comprising of (1 ) spherical ferromagnetic alloy powder grains, having a nano-composite structure, is the aggregate of fine particles of the ferromagnetic alloy are isolated respectively with a layer or specks/dots of metal oxides, or with open spaces (pores) and (2) a thermoplastic resin, where the spherical ferromagnetic alloy powder of is uniformly dispersed in the thermoplastic resin.
- the average diameter of the sphere ferromagnetic alloy powder particles is less than 100 ⁇ m, and is preferred to be less than 50 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of the apparatus used in the method embodying the principles of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a SEM image of the rare earth-iron-boron powder produced with the method of Example 1 ;
- Figure 3 is a high-resolution SEM image of the rare earth-iron boron powder produced with the method of Example 1 ;
- Figure 4 is a SEM image of the pellet produced with the method of Example 1 ;
- Figure 5 is a SEM image of the pellet produced with the method of Reference 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- the spherical ferromagnetic alloy powder with the nano-composite structure used for the magnetic material in this invention and their production method are described.
- the spherical ferromagnetic alloy powder grains with the nano-composite structure is the aggregate of the fine particles of the ferromagnetic alloy in which the respective fine particles are isolated with the layers or specks/dots of metal oxides, or with open spaces (pores).
- Figure 1 shows an example of the centrifugal granulation apparatus used in the production of the spherical ferromagnetic alloy powder with the nano-composite structure.
- the shape of the upper part is a cylinder and that of the lower part is a cone.
- a nozzle 3 is inserted perpendicularly.
- Under the nozzle 3, a rotating dish 4 is set.
- the line 5 indicates the feedthrough mechanism for the moving of the rotating dish 4 up and down.
- an exit tube 6 for the produced powder is connected.
- the upper part of the nozzle 3 is connected with an electric oven (e.g., microwave oven) 7 for the melting of the granulating ferromagnetic alloy.
- an electric oven e.g., microwave oven
- the atmosphere gas whose component is controlled, transits tubes 9 and 10 and is supplied to the granulation chamber 1 and the electric oven 7.
- the pressure in the granulation chamber 1 is controlled with a valve 11 and a vacuum pump 12.
- the pressure in the electric oven 7 is controlled with a valve 13 and a vacuum pump 14.
- the dropped metals are dispersed to be small droplets due to the centrifugal force of the rotating dish 4, and are cooled down to be solid powder.
- the produced powder is ejected from the tube 6 through an automatic filter 15 and is fractionated.
- the sign 16 indicates a collection chamber of the powder.
- the shape of the rotating disk is a disk or a cone
- the shape of the rotating target is a dish
- the dependence of the centrifugal force on the metal droplets on the dropped position is small. Due to the uniform centrifugal force existing at surrounding positions of the dish, specifically sized droplets are dispersed. These dispersed droplets were then cooled rapidly, solidified and dropped for collection.
- self-assembling means that the melted metals form the nano- composite structure automatically in the process of dispersing and rapid cooling.
- more than 50000 rpm is preferable in order to obtain the powder with the average size less than 100 ⁇ m.
- the temperature of the atmosphere gas supplied in the granulation chamber can be room temperature. However, in case of long continual production, the temperature in the granulation chamber should be less than 300° C in order to ensure the rapid cooling of the metal droplets.
- thermoplastic resin A proper resin usually used for the production of the plastic magnet, e.g., nylon, can be used as the thermoplastic resin in this invention.
- EXAMPLE 1 Using the apparatus shown in Figure 1 , the melted rare earth-iron-boron alloy, whose composition was the same as that used in Reference 1 , was dropped onto the rotating dish with the inner diameter of 35 mm and the depth of 5 mm in the argon gas with 500 ppm oxygen. The dispersed droplets were rapidly cooled to be a powder with the average size of 30 ⁇ m. To Nylon12 resin at 7 weight % was added the produced powder at 93 weight %. The mixture was annealed, kneaded, extruded, and cut to be rice-size pellets. The limit of extrusion using the extruder was less than 95 weight % of the ferromagnetic powder.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and its magnified image of the rare earth-iron-boron alloy powder (average size: 30 ⁇ m) obtained from the process of Example 1, respectively. From Figure 2, it is confirmed that the shape of the obtained powder is a sphere and the powder has a fine net structure. From Figure 3, it is confirmed that the powder is an aggregate of the fine particles (nano-particles) and each particle is isolated respectively. From another experiments, it is confirmed that the fine particle (main phase) is an R-Fe-B alloy and the isolating layer (black net in the images of Figures 2 and 3) is a rare- earth metal oxide.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- Figures 4 and 5 show SEM images of the pellets produced in Example 1 and Reference 1 , respectively. From Figure 4, it is found that the size-ordered ferromagnetic powder (sphere shape) is dispersed uniformly in the resin, and the pores (white domains in the SEM image) are little. From Figure 5, it is found that the big and small ferromagnetic powder (flake shape) is dispersed heterogeneously, and the pores (white domains in the SEM image) are large.
- the plastic magnet produced from the crude pellets with the invented structure has nearly three times higher (BH)max value than the plastic magnet produced from the conventional crude pellets (Reference 1 ). This result is due to the superior features of the invented crude ferromagnetic powder; having nano-composite structure, little added resin, and having little pores. Thus, the crude pellets used for the production of the plastic magnet have excellent magnetic properties.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU46772/01A AU4677201A (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2001-03-13 | Structure of crude pellet for plastic magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000068579A JP2001257111A (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2000-03-13 | Structure of plastic magnet material pellet |
JP2000-068579 | 2000-03-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001069612A2 true WO2001069612A2 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
WO2001069612A3 WO2001069612A3 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
Family
ID=18587614
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2001/000659 WO2001069612A2 (en) | 2000-03-13 | 2001-03-13 | Structure of crude pellet for plastic magnet |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2001257111A (en) |
AU (1) | AU4677201A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001069612A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9028951B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2015-05-12 | Magnetnotes, Ltd. | Magnetic receptive printable media |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002042074A1 (en) | 2000-11-26 | 2002-05-30 | Magnetnotes, Ltd. | Magnetic substrates, composition and method for making the same |
JP5129418B2 (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2013-01-30 | 有限会社 ナプラ | Plastic magnet |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5486240A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1996-01-23 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Carbide/nitride grain refined rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet and method of making |
US6022424A (en) * | 1996-04-09 | 2000-02-08 | Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company | Atomization methods for forming magnet powders |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62229803A (en) * | 1986-03-29 | 1987-10-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Nd-fe-b alloy powder for plastic magnet |
JPH0869907A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1996-03-12 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Material for permanent magnet and material for bonded magnet using the same |
-
2000
- 2000-03-13 JP JP2000068579A patent/JP2001257111A/en active Pending
-
2001
- 2001-03-13 AU AU46772/01A patent/AU4677201A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-13 WO PCT/IB2001/000659 patent/WO2001069612A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5486240A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1996-01-23 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Carbide/nitride grain refined rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet and method of making |
US6022424A (en) * | 1996-04-09 | 2000-02-08 | Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company | Atomization methods for forming magnet powders |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 099 (E-594), 31 March 1988 (1988-03-31) & JP 62 229803 A (KOBE STEEL LTD), 8 October 1987 (1987-10-08) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1996, no. 07, 31 July 1996 (1996-07-31) & JP 08 069907 A (HITACHI METALS LTD), 12 March 1996 (1996-03-12) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9028951B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2015-05-12 | Magnetnotes, Ltd. | Magnetic receptive printable media |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001069612A3 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
JP2001257111A (en) | 2001-09-21 |
AU4677201A (en) | 2001-09-24 |
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