WO2001078387A2 - Data scrambling and descrambling system - Google Patents

Data scrambling and descrambling system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001078387A2
WO2001078387A2 PCT/EP2001/003186 EP0103186W WO0178387A2 WO 2001078387 A2 WO2001078387 A2 WO 2001078387A2 EP 0103186 W EP0103186 W EP 0103186W WO 0178387 A2 WO0178387 A2 WO 0178387A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control word
ecm
scrambled
control
content
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/003186
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001078387A3 (en
Inventor
Andrew Augustine Wajs
Original Assignee
Irdeto Access B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Irdeto Access B.V. filed Critical Irdeto Access B.V.
Priority to JP2001575712A priority Critical patent/JP4772252B2/en
Priority to AU2001260138A priority patent/AU2001260138B2/en
Priority to CA2405266A priority patent/CA2405266C/en
Priority to BR0109835-7A priority patent/BR0109835A/en
Priority to MXPA02009818A priority patent/MXPA02009818A/en
Priority to US10/257,219 priority patent/US7116892B2/en
Publication of WO2001078387A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001078387A2/en
Publication of WO2001078387A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001078387A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/26613—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel for generating or managing keys in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/26606—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel for generating or managing entitlement messages, e.g. Entitlement Control Message [ECM] or Entitlement Management Message [EMM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/418—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access
    • H04N21/4181—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access for conditional access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/4405—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream decryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4623—Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
    • H04N7/1675—Providing digital key or authorisation information for generation or regeneration of the scrambling sequence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
    • H04N5/913—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection
    • H04N2005/91357—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by modifying the video signal
    • H04N2005/91364—Television signal processing therefor for scrambling ; for copy protection by modifying the video signal the video signal being scrambled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to conditional access systems suitable for receiving apparatus provided with storage devices with large capacity.
  • the invention specifically relates to a system for providing scrambled content according to the prea - ble of claim 1 and to a system for descrambling scrambled content according to the preamble of claim 3.
  • Such receiving apparatus have been equipped with storage devices with large capacity allowing the users to store hours of video content. In this manner the user can create a "personal television” recording his favourite programs and the like.
  • Such receiving apparatus can be made as a television apparatus, a set-top box or the like.
  • the content stored in the storage devices can include scrambled content with condi- tional access, wherein control words are needed to descramble the content.
  • Such storage devices allow going backwards through the scrambled content, wherein however the presently available mechanisms for cycling control words become difficult to use. Going backwards is necessary as the users would like to use a VCR-like rewind functionality.
  • the current techniques used for control word cycling are designed for signals that go forward only.
  • the invention aims to provide a system for providing scrambled content and a system for descrambling scrambled con- tent of the above-mentioned type, wherein a VCR-like rewind function is supported.
  • a system for providing scrambled content comprises a control word generator, each control word including a control word identifier, a scrambler for providing a stream of scrambled data packets, wherein one or more consecutive packets are scrambled using the same control word (C ) and wherein each packet includes a control word
  • Fig. 1A and IB show simplified diagrams of embodiments of the systems for providing scrambled content, and descrambling scrambled content according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2A and 2B show diagrams to explain the operation of the systems of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a system 1 for providing scrambled content comprising a control word generator 2 and a scrambler 3.
  • the scrambler 3 receives clear content and delivers content scrambled using the control words provided by the control word generator 2 as encryption keys.
  • the control word generator provides a new control word every ten seconds for example.
  • the control words are generally used as a seed for a pseudo-random binary sequence generator, wherein the output of the PRBS generator is used for scrambling the clear content .
  • scramble systems such as a block cypher system may also be used. As such scrambling systems are known per se, this is not discussed in detail in this specification as it is not part of the present invention.
  • Each control word C has an associated control word identifier, which in case of the generally used MPEG system is only one bit, i.e. either a zero or a one.
  • the same control word identifier i.e. a zero or a one, is associated with each scrambled data packet or plurality of scrambled data pack- ets scrambled under the control of the control word having the same associated identifier zero or one.
  • the control words C 0 and CW X are also delivered to an ECM encryption device 4 which encrypts the control words using an input key P.
  • the encryption device 4 can be made as a smart card.
  • the encrypted ECM's with the control words are inserted into the scrambled content and broadcasted or delivered in any other manner to a number of subscribers each having a system 5 for descrambling scrambled content.
  • the key P used by the encryption de- vice 4 can be transferred to the systems 5 in so-called entitlement management messages which are not shown in fig. 1.
  • entitlement management messages which are not shown in fig. 1.
  • Conditional access systems operating with such a hierarchy of keys are known per se and are not further described in this specifi - in
  • this problem of locating an ECM in the data stream is avoided by including in the ECM's three keys, i.e. the previous control word CW P/ the current control word C C and the next control word CW N .
  • each ECM extracted from the stream by the processing unit 8 at play back of the content stored on the disc 10 contains three control words, including the control word required for descrambling the previous data packet.
  • a rewind function is supported in an easy manner so that the user can scroll back through the content retrieved from the storage device 10 using the control means 9.
  • control means may include a remote control device.
  • FIG. 2 An illustration of the operation of the systems of the invention is schematically shown in fig. 2.
  • a content stream with data packets A, B, C and D is shown, wherein it is assumed that data packet A has the control word identifier 0, the data packet B the identifier 1, the data packet C the identifier 0 etc.
  • the ECM stream is shown above the data packet stream. As indicated, a new ECM is extracted from the stream shortly be- fore a transition from data packet A to B, from B to C etc.
  • the ECM extracted from the data stream shortly before the beginning of data packet A includes the previous control word C P1 , the current control word CW A0 , and the next control word C B ⁇ .
  • the next ECM includes the previous control word C A0 , the current control word CW B ⁇ and the next control word C C o •
  • the processing unit 8 will extract the ECM's subsequently from the data stream and will send the ECM's to the decryption device 7.
  • the processing unit 8 will request the decryption device 7 to send the current control word C A0 and the next control word C B ⁇ to the descrambler 6.
  • the descrambler 6 receiving the data packet A with identifier 0, will use the control word C A o to descramble this data packet.
  • the new identifier 1 indicates the descrambler 6 to use the control word C B ⁇ .
  • the same operation applies to the fast forward mode wherein the processing unit 8 will request the decryption device 7 to send the current and next control words to the descrambler 6.
  • the processing unit 8 instructs the decryption device 7 to provide the current control word CW A0 and previous control word C P ⁇ . In this manner the descrambler 6 can descramble the previous data packet.
  • the ECM's are stored as part of the content. It is also possible to store the ECM's separately with timing information. In this case timing information in the content stream is used by the processing unit 8 to extract or retrieve the correct ECM's from the stor- age device 10.
  • the invention provides systems, wherein going backwards through the stored video content is allowed without any significant increase in the load on the processing unit in processing ECM's and synchronizing control words. It will be clear that the invention can be used with any type of video or audio content.

Abstract

A system for providing scrambled content, comprising a control word generator, each control word including a control word identifier, a scrambler for providing a stream of scrambled data packets, and an encryption device for providing entitlement control messages (ECM's). One or more consecutive packets are scrambled using the same control word (CW). Each packet includes a control word identifier. An ECM decryption device delivers control words to the descrambler and the descrambler descrambles the data packets of the scrambled content using a control word having a control word identifier corresponding with the control word identifier of the data packet to be descrambled. The system further comprises a storage device for storing scrambled content and means to control play back of the stored content, going fast forward and going backwards.

Description

System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content
The invention relates to conditional access systems suitable for receiving apparatus provided with storage devices with large capacity. The invention specifically relates to a system for providing scrambled content according to the prea - ble of claim 1 and to a system for descrambling scrambled content according to the preamble of claim 3.
Recently television receiving apparatus have been equipped with storage devices with large capacity allowing the users to store hours of video content. In this manner the user can create a "personal television" recording his favourite programs and the like. Such receiving apparatus can be made as a television apparatus, a set-top box or the like.
The content stored in the storage devices, such as large hard discs, can include scrambled content with condi- tional access, wherein control words are needed to descramble the content. Such storage devices allow going backwards through the scrambled content, wherein however the presently available mechanisms for cycling control words become difficult to use. Going backwards is necessary as the users would like to use a VCR-like rewind functionality. However the current techniques used for control word cycling are designed for signals that go forward only.
The invention aims to provide a system for providing scrambled content and a system for descrambling scrambled con- tent of the above-mentioned type, wherein a VCR-like rewind function is supported.
According to the invention a system for providing scrambled content, comprises a control word generator, each control word including a control word identifier, a scrambler for providing a stream of scrambled data packets, wherein one or more consecutive packets are scrambled using the same control word (C ) and wherein each packet includes a control word
Figure imgf000004_0001
invention is shown.
Fig. 1A and IB show simplified diagrams of embodiments of the systems for providing scrambled content, and descrambling scrambled content according to the invention. Fig. 2A and 2B show diagrams to explain the operation of the systems of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a system 1 for providing scrambled content comprising a control word generator 2 and a scrambler 3. The scrambler 3 receives clear content and delivers content scrambled using the control words provided by the control word generator 2 as encryption keys. The control word generator provides a new control word every ten seconds for example. As is well-known in the art, the control words are generally used as a seed for a pseudo-random binary sequence generator, wherein the output of the PRBS generator is used for scrambling the clear content . Of course other scramble systems such as a block cypher system may also be used. As such scrambling systems are known per se, this is not discussed in detail in this specification as it is not part of the present invention. Each control word C has an associated control word identifier, which in case of the generally used MPEG system is only one bit, i.e. either a zero or a one. In a corresponding manner the same control word identifier, i.e. a zero or a one, is associated with each scrambled data packet or plurality of scrambled data pack- ets scrambled under the control of the control word having the same associated identifier zero or one.
The control words C 0 and CWX are also delivered to an ECM encryption device 4 which encrypts the control words using an input key P. The encryption device 4 can be made as a smart card. The encrypted ECM's with the control words are inserted into the scrambled content and broadcasted or delivered in any other manner to a number of subscribers each having a system 5 for descrambling scrambled content.
It is noted that the key P used by the encryption de- vice 4 can be transferred to the systems 5 in so-called entitlement management messages which are not shown in fig. 1. Conditional access systems operating with such a hierarchy of keys are known per se and are not further described in this specifi - in
Figure imgf000006_0001
According to the invention, this problem of locating an ECM in the data stream is avoided by including in the ECM's three keys, i.e. the previous control word CWP/ the current control word C C and the next control word CWN. In this manner each ECM extracted from the stream by the processing unit 8 at play back of the content stored on the disc 10 contains three control words, including the control word required for descrambling the previous data packet. In this manner a rewind function is supported in an easy manner so that the user can scroll back through the content retrieved from the storage device 10 using the control means 9. Of course, such control means may include a remote control device.
An illustration of the operation of the systems of the invention is schematically shown in fig. 2. A content stream with data packets A, B, C and D is shown, wherein it is assumed that data packet A has the control word identifier 0, the data packet B the identifier 1, the data packet C the identifier 0 etc. The ECM stream is shown above the data packet stream. As indicated, a new ECM is extracted from the stream shortly be- fore a transition from data packet A to B, from B to C etc. The ECM extracted from the data stream shortly before the beginning of data packet A, includes the previous control word C P1, the current control word CWA0, and the next control word C Bι . The next ECM includes the previous control word C A0, the current control word CWBι and the next control word C Co • During normal playback, the processing unit 8 will extract the ECM's subsequently from the data stream and will send the ECM's to the decryption device 7. The processing unit 8 will request the decryption device 7 to send the current control word C A0 and the next control word C Bι to the descrambler 6. The descrambler 6 receiving the data packet A with identifier 0, will use the control word C Ao to descramble this data packet. At the transition from data packet A to data packet B, the new identifier 1 indicates the descrambler 6 to use the control word C Bι . The same operation applies to the fast forward mode wherein the processing unit 8 will request the decryption device 7 to send the current and next control words to the descrambler 6.
If the user operates the control means 9 for going backwards, i.e. a VCR-like rewind function, the processing unit 8 instructs the decryption device 7 to provide the current control word CWA0 and previous control word C Pι. In this manner the descrambler 6 can descramble the previous data packet. In the above example it is indicated that the ECM's are stored as part of the content. It is also possible to store the ECM's separately with timing information. In this case timing information in the content stream is used by the processing unit 8 to extract or retrieve the correct ECM's from the stor- age device 10.
From the above it will be understood that the invention provides systems, wherein going backwards through the stored video content is allowed without any significant increase in the load on the processing unit in processing ECM's and synchronizing control words. It will be clear that the invention can be used with any type of video or audio content.
The invention is not restricted to the above described embodiments which can be varied in a number of ways within the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

1. System for providing scrambled content, comprising a control word generator, each control word including a control word identifier, a scrambler for providing a stream of scrambled data packets, wherein one or more consecutive packets are scrambled using the same control word (CW) and wherein each packet includes a control word identifier identifying the control word used, and an encryption device for providing entitlement control messages (ECM's), each ECM including at least a next control word (C N) , characterized in that the ECM encryp- tion device provides ECM's including a previous control word (C p) , a current control word (CWC) and a next control word (C N) .
2. System according to claim 1, wherein the ECM encryption device is accommodated in a smart card.
3. System for descrambling scrambled content, comprising a descrambler for descrambling the scrambled content, a decryption device for decrypting ECM's to obtain control words, wherein the ECM decryption device delivers control words to the descrambler, wherein the descrambler descrambles the data pack- ets of the scrambled content using a control word having a control word identifier corresponding with the control word identifier of the data packet to be descrambled, the system further comprising a storage device for storing scrambled content and a processing unit with means to control play back of the stored content, going fast forward and going backwards, wherein the processing unit is programmed to extract ECM's and to provide the ECM's to the ECM decryption device for decryption, characterized in that the processing unit is programmed to request the ECM decryption device to provide at least a next control word (C N) at play back or going fast forward, and to provide at least a previous control word (C P) and a current control word (CWC) at going backwards.
4. System according to claim 3, wherein the processing unit is programmed to request the ECM decryption device to provide the current control word (CWC) together with a next control word (CWN) at playback or going fast forward and to provide the current control word (CWC) together with a previous control word (CWP) at going backwards.
5. System according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the ECM decryption device is accommodated in a smart card.
PCT/EP2001/003186 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 Data scrambling and descrambling system WO2001078387A2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001575712A JP4772252B2 (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 System for providing scrambled content and system for descrambling scrambled content
AU2001260138A AU2001260138B2 (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 Data scrambling and descrambling system
CA2405266A CA2405266C (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content
BR0109835-7A BR0109835A (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 System for provisioning scrambled content and system for scrambling scrambled content
MXPA02009818A MXPA02009818A (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content.
US10/257,219 US7116892B2 (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-21 System for providing scrambled content, and system for descrambling scrambled content

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00201277A EP1143722B1 (en) 2000-04-07 2000-04-07 Data scrambling and descrambling system
EP00201277.1 2000-04-07

Publications (2)

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WO2001078387A2 true WO2001078387A2 (en) 2001-10-18
WO2001078387A3 WO2001078387A3 (en) 2002-10-24

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US (1) US7116892B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1143722B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4772252B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1190077C (en)
AU (1) AU2001260138B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0109835A (en)
CA (1) CA2405266C (en)
DE (1) DE60040724D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2315219T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1041143B (en)
MX (1) MXPA02009818A (en)
TW (1) TW540240B (en)
WO (1) WO2001078387A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200209032B (en)

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US7116892B2 (en) 2006-10-03
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JP4772252B2 (en) 2011-09-14
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HK1041143B (en) 2009-05-08
ES2315219T3 (en) 2009-04-01
BR0109835A (en) 2003-06-24
CA2405266A1 (en) 2001-10-18
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ZA200209032B (en) 2003-08-28
HK1041143A1 (en) 2002-06-28
CN1190077C (en) 2005-02-16
US20030152364A1 (en) 2003-08-14
AU2001260138B2 (en) 2003-12-18
CA2405266C (en) 2010-05-25
WO2001078387A3 (en) 2002-10-24
EP1143722B1 (en) 2008-11-05
EP1143722A1 (en) 2001-10-10
MXPA02009818A (en) 2003-03-27
AU6013801A (en) 2001-10-23

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