VEHICULAR DISPLAY SYSTEM
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to display devices, and more
particularly, to a vehicular display device which presents an image for viewing by a
vehicle occupant.
Background
Vehicular display devices have become increasingly popular in recent
years, particularly where such display devices serve passengers entertainment, either
recorded or live. For example, it is now common to find vehicles outfitted with
displays linked to videocassette and digital video disk (DVD) players, computers, or
other sources of information or entertainment content. These displays often fold down
from a roof or ceiling of the vehicle, and typically are configured such that only
rear-seat passengers can view the content displayed. Displays adapted for vehicle
operators also have been employed, but for the purposes of presenting rear views,
night vision capabilities, image of vehicle status information and the like. Display of
entertainment content to vehicle operators is prohibited in many jurisdictions for safety
reasons.
For non-operator video displays, location is typically not a problem. The
displays may be conveniently located and brightly illuminated without regard for the
need to operate the vehicle unhindered. Video displays intended for use by operators,
however, typically must address concerns regarding location, brightness and visibility
must be addressed in the context of unhindered vehicle operation. Space restrictions
also present particular difficulties in the usefulness of video displays intended for use
by vehicle operators.
Although a number of systems have been developed for use in
presenting information to vehicle operators, no known display has done so in a fashion
which adequately addresses all of the concerns set forth herein. Direct video screens
have been employed in large vehicles for rear viewing, but these displays typically
require significant space, making them difficult to place in a location readily viewable
by vehicle operators. Heads-up displays also have been suggested, such displays
typically providing images reflected from the windshield to appear as if the images
exist forwardly of the windshield. These systems, however, may be difficult to see
due to difficulties with lighting, particularly in sunny environments. Further, the
systems are typically complex to install, and may be distracting.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a video display for use by
front seat occupants which is characterized by the viewability more commonly found
in rear seat passenger displays. It also would be desirable to provide a video display
configured for placement within a vehicle in a position which will minimize
interference with other vehicle operations. However, the display should maintain its
effectiveness in providing meaningful information to a front seat occupant without
detracting from the vehicle operator's view of the vehicle path, or of existing
instrumentation.
Summary of the Invention
The foregoing objectives are achieved by provision of a display system
which includes a display with a display surface, and a reflecting element with an
opaque reflective surface configured to reflect an image presented by the display for
viewing by the vehicle occupant. The display system is configured to be mounted
adjacent the front console of a vehicle, typically with display embedded in the front
console. Correspondingly, the reflecting element typically is mounted above the
display and is positionable at an angle relative to the display.
In one embodiment, the reflecting element is pivotal between a stowed
orientation wherein the reflective surface is generally parallel with the display surface,
and a deployed orientation wherein the reflective surface extends from the front
console at an acute angle relative to the display surface. Therefore, where a vehicle
driver has a central field of view and a peripheral field of view, the display may be
deployed to a position within the driver's peripheral field of view, thus minimizing any
interference with the driver's view of the vehicle path, or with existing
instrumentation. An image source (such as a video camera, navigation system, vehicle
processor, etc.) operatively connects to the display to provide the image for
presentation on the display surface.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cutaway side view of a vehicle which employs a vehicular
display system in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detail cutaway side view showing a display unit of the display
system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cutaway top view of the vehicle of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cutaway side view of the front console of the vehicle of Fig. 1,
with the display system of the present invention mounted thereon and shown in a
deployed orientation.
Fig. 5 is a cutaway side view of the front console of the vehicle of Fig. 1,
with the display system of the present invention mounted thereon and shown in a
stowed orientation.
Fig. 6 is a cutaway side view showing a display system mounted atop the
front console of a vehicle.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the vehicular display system shown in
Fig. 1.
Detailed Description of the Invention
and Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention
Referring initially to Figs. 1 and 2, a vehicle 10 is shown, such vehicle
being configured with a vehicular display system 12 constructed in accordance with
the present invention. Display system 12 is mounted on the vehicle's front console 14,
preferably for viewing by a driver in a peripheral region of the driver's field of view.
As indicated, the vehicle includes a chassis 16 with a windshield 16a
through which a driver views the vehicle path (e.g. road), the chassis defining a
vehicle interior. An interior area forward of front seats 18 serves as a front passenger
area where the driver and front seat passenger are seated. The interior area between
front seats 18 and rear seats 20 serves as a rear passenger area where rear seat
passengers are seated, as shown. The vehicle also may be equipped with various video
sources, including, for example, cameras 62, 64, 66, 68, an onboard vehicle processor
70, and/or a vehicle navigation system 80. It will be appreciated that other sources of
data and/or video, such as a cell phone, a satellite receiver, etc. also may be used
without departing from the scope of the invention. These sources provide images for
presentation by the video display system under direction of a video control module 50
(Fig. 4).
Front console 14 takes the form of a vehicle dashboard such as that
found below a vehicle windshield, such dashboard being configured to extend into the
front passenger area to provide an upper dash surface 14a. A front dash surface 14b
includes instrumentation viewable by the driver to enhance vehicle operation. The
upper dash surface typically is generally horizontal, providing a suitable mounting
structure for vehicular display system 12, as will now be described.
In accordance with the present invention, display system 12 includes a
display 30 mounted adjacent the front console of the vehicle, typically in an
orientation facing other than rearwardly in the vehicle. More typically, display 30 is a
direct view display mounted on the dashboard in an upwardly- facing orientation. In a
vehicle having a dashboard such as that shown here, the display may be embedded in
the dashboard in a generally horizontal orientation so as to minimize interference with
components already present in the dashboard.
As shown, the depicted display includes a base 32, and a generally
planar display surface 34, which presents a real image focused on the display surface
such that it may be reflected for viewing by a vehicle occupant. Base 32 is configured
for mounting to the vehicle dashboard, typically via conventional fasteners such as
screws. In one embodiment, the base is embedded in the dashboard (Figs. 1, 2, 4 and
5) in front of the driver of the vehicle. However, a display may similarly be mounted
in front of the front seat passenger of the vehicle (Fig. 3). As indicated, such an
embedded display may include a display housing contoured to mimic a contour of the
dashboard, thereby accommodating seamless storage of the reflective element in the
vehicle dashboard as best shown in Fig. 5.
Alternatively, the base may be mounted on the upper surface of the
dashboard (Fig. 6). In any event, the display surface faces other than rearwardly, and
more typically, faces in an upward direction. The display also may employ upright
side walls (not shown) to shield the display surface from ambient light, and thus
enhance viewability of the display.
Display 30 takes the form of a flat panel display (FPD), typically a liquid
crystal display (LCD) or other flat panel technology display. The display may be of
virtually any size, but preferably is intended for viewing by a front seat occupant, and
thus employs a display screen which is on the order of approximately 4-inches to 8-
inches, measured diagonally. The screen may be color or black-and-white, depending
on the particular use to which the screen is to be put. To save space, various electrical
components may be separated from the display screen, such components typically
including video control circuitry (e.g. a central processing unit (CPU), multiplexors
(MUX), on-screen display controls, and/or video/audio amplifiers), power supplies,
etc.
Extending upwardly from display 30 is a reflecting element 40
configured to reflect the real image focused on the display for viewing by the vehicle
occupant. As indicated, the reflecting element includes a housing 42, and a generally
planar, opaque reflective surface 44. The reflecting element also may include a visor
46 and side walls (not shown) configured to reduce glare on reflective surface 44 and
to shield the reflective surface from ambient light. These features also may serve to
prevent light from display 30 from appearing on the vehicle windshield when it is dark
outside the vehicle.
Reflecting element 40 typically takes the form of a mirror (glass,
polished metal, or otherwise) positionable relative display 30 to reflect the image on
the display surface for viewing of the image on the reflective surface. The reflecting
element thus typically is positioned between the dashboard and the windshield at an
acute angle relative to the display surface, and in close proximity thereto.
In the present embodiment, the reflecting element is secured to the
display via a hinge 36, the reflecting element thus being pivotal between a stowed
orientation (Fig. 5) wherein the reflective surface is generally parallel with the display
surface, and a deployed orientation (Fig. 4) wherein the reflective surface extends
upwardly from the dashboard at an acute angle relative to the display surface to
reflect the image presented by the display for viewing by the vehicle occupant. The
angle γ typically is chosen such that the reflecting path, shown in Fig. 2, reflects a
focused image presented on display surface 34 off opaque reflecting surface 44 to the
eye of driver D.
It will be appreciated that the reflecting element typically is further
adjustable to accommodate viewing angles for occupants in differing operator
positions. Furthermore, the display itself may be pivotally mounted to the dashboard
(e.g. via a hinge) to accommodate further adjustment of the display system. Such a
pivotal display may prove useful in maintaining an optimal relative angle between
display surface 34 and reflective surface 44, even when the display is at a non-optimal
angle relative to the dashboard.
Importantly, it will be noted from Fig. 2 that a vehicle occupant (such as
driver D) has a central field of view along line-of-sight LS, where line-of-sight LS is
selected to be a view of the vehicle path (approaching an imaginary line parallel to the
vehicle path). The central field of view is denoted by an angle α, between lines CF1,
CF2. Typically, the central field of view corresponds to the image formed in the
fovea, parafovea, and perifovea regions of the driver's eye, and thus has an angular
diameter of approximately 19 degrees. It will be appreciated that the central field of
view is the field of view within which a driver views the vehicle path, and thus
generally should be free of distractions.
In addition to the central field of view, the vehicle occupant has a
peripheral field of view which extends about the periphery of the central field of view.
Typically, the peripheral field of view has an angular diameter of approximately 29
degrees (corresponding to the near periphery region of the eye) surrounding the central
field of view. Fig. 2 shows a lower portion of the peripheral field of view at β,
between line CF2 and line PF2. As indicated, this peripheral field of view extends
generally between the top edge of the dashboard and the central field of view, an area
which typically does not contain any useful information in most vehicle applications.
Referring still to Fig. 2, it will be noted that reflective element 40 is
selectively configured to extend upwardly from the dashboard in the peripheral field of
view of the vehicle occupant to present a reflected image to the driver. Although the
driver may glance down to view the reflected image (much like the driver glances
down to view the instrument panel of the dashboard) the reflected image will not
significantly detract from view of the vehicle path in the driver's central field of view.
As shown in Fig. 3, a driver-oriented vehicular display system 12 may be
positioned in front of a driver D. A passenger-oriented vehicular display system 12'
similarly may be positioned in front of front seat passenger P. The orientation of the
display and reflective element of the display of passenger-oriented vehicular display
system make it difficult for the driver to view the presented image of the passenger-
oriented vehicular display system. Use of a bi-directional film on the display may
further restrict driver view of a passenger-side display. The driver's view of a
passenger-side display is indicated generally by dashed line R in Fig. 3. The present
display system thus is useful in displaying entertainment content to the front seat
passenger while keeping such content out of view of the driver, as required by law in
many areas.
Referring again to Figs. 4 and 5, it will be appreciated that vehicular
display system 12 has an associated video control module 50, which may be spaced
from display 30 to conserve space in the vehicle dashboard. Video control module 50
may be configured to accommodate selection of an image source from a plurality of
image sources, and may contain video control circuitry (e.g. a central processing unit
(CPU), multiplexors (MUX), on-screen display controls, and/or video/audio
amplifiers), power supplies, etc. Typically, the video image is processed for inverted
presentation on display 30, so that the image appears in a right-side-up orientation to
driver D after it is reflected by reflecting element 40.
As indicated in Figs. 1 and 7, the vehicular display system includes
multiple image sources. For example, cameras may be provided at various locations
on the vehicle to provide the driver with various views, both interior and exterior to
the vehicle. In the depicted embodiment, camera 62 is mounted to a center floor
console, and is trained on the rear seat passenger area to provide a view of rear seat
occupants. It will be appreciated, however, that camera 62 may be mounted to a
vehicle seat, the vehicle ceiling, or in virtually any other location within the vehicle.
The present embodiment also includes a rear view camera 64 mounted
on the rear of the vehicle to provide an external rearward view from the vehicle, and a
forward view camera 66 mounted on the front of the vehicle to provide an external
forward view from the vehicle. The vehicle also may include side view cameras 68
which take the place of side view mirrors found on many vehicles. As a safety feature,
these side view cameras may be linked to the vehicle's turn signal operations,
presenting an appropriate view of the vehicle's "blind spot" when a turn signal is
activated.
Forward view camera 66 may take the form of a forward-looking
infrared (FLIR) camera mounted adjacent the front of the vehicle (or within the
vehicle looking forward). FLIR camera 66 is configured to provide an infrared front
view from the vehicle, and is especially useful in identifying hazards at night or at
other times when visibility is poor. It will be appreciated that the FLIR camera image
will change drastically when a live hazard (e.g. an animal) jumps into the road. This
should be enough to attract the driver's attention, even where the reflective surface is
in a peripheral field of view, causing the driver to look down, and react accordingly.
Unlike known Head Up Display (HUD) systems, the proposed FLIR system may be
used day or night.
An onboard vehicle processor 70, and a navigation system 80, also may
serve as image sources for the vehicular display system. The onboard vehicle
processor 70 may be configured to present an image containing vehicle status
information such as vehicle speed, vehicle temperature, external temperature, fuel
level, engine temperature, miles per hour, RPMs, fuel economy, etc. Navigation
system 80 may be configured to generate an image containing navigation information
such as maps, driving directions, weather information, traffic information, etc.
Navigation system 80 may include a global positioning satellite (GPS) receiver, such
that the system is able to present a map of the immediate surroundings of vehicle 10 in
its current location.
Video control module 50 may be configured to select an image source
for presentation on a display, or may be configured to present two or more image
sources on a single display simultaneously in a split-screen or overlayed screen format.
Similarly, a single video control module may be configured to present different images
on different displays in accordance with each occupant's needs.
Turning now to Fig. 6, according to another embodiment of the
invention, a display system 12" may be mounted atop front console 14". This
embodiment typically is used in after-market installations of display systems. The
display system, however, it will be noted, still may be connected to a video control
module 50 as described above.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described
with reference to the foregoing preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will
understand that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit
and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. The description of the
invention should be understood to include all novel and non-obvious combinations of
elements described herein, and claims may be presented in this or a later application to
any novel and non-obvious combination of these elements. The foregoing
embodiments are illustrative, and no single feature or element is essential to all
possible combinations that may be claimed in this or a later application. Where the
claims recite "a" or "a first" element or the equivalent thereof, such claims should be
understood to include incorporation of one or more such elements, neither requiring
nor excluding two or more such elements.