WO2002053960A2 - Bulkheads for double-walled pipe structures - Google Patents
Bulkheads for double-walled pipe structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002053960A2 WO2002053960A2 PCT/GB2002/000038 GB0200038W WO02053960A2 WO 2002053960 A2 WO2002053960 A2 WO 2002053960A2 GB 0200038 W GB0200038 W GB 0200038W WO 02053960 A2 WO02053960 A2 WO 02053960A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- double
- insulation material
- walled pipe
- pipe structure
- resin
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L7/00—Supporting of pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves, e.g. for enabling pipes or cables to be inserted or withdrawn from under roads or railways without interruption of traffic
- F16L7/02—Supporting of pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves, e.g. for enabling pipes or cables to be inserted or withdrawn from under roads or railways without interruption of traffic and sealing the pipes or cables inside the other pipes, cables or sleeves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
- F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
Definitions
- the present invention relates to bulkheads for double-walled pipe structures.
- Double-walled pipe structures are well-known for use in the sub-sea transportation of fluids at elevated temperatures.
- An inner flow pipes carries the fluid and is surrounded by an outer sleeve pipe.
- the annular space between the two can be filled with thermally insulating material, thereby preventing the fluid from cooling excessively. This is important in, for example, the transport of crude oil which leaves the well at temperatures above 80°C and contains a range of hydrocarbon fractions. If it is allowed to cool then higher molecular weight fractions may solidify and block the pipeline.
- the present invention is intended to address difficulties encountered in the such pipelines.
- One problem is the water-tightness of the volume containing the insulation material. If water is allowed to penetrate into this volume, then it will act as a convective heat transfer medium and destroy the insulative effect. Accordingly, it is usual to include a "waterstop" bulkhead at intervals. Previously these have consisted of annular rings of an elastomeric material that are compressed longitudinally by mechanical means to seal them against the inner and outer pipes. It is desired to improve further on this arrangement.
- joins are covered, it is necessary to provide insulation in the annulus around the join. Previously, this has been done by packing a fibrous material such as mineral wool. However, fibrous materials are not preferred since (as noted above) they lose all thermal insulation if they become wet. The material used between joins are generally difficult to handle in the field and not suitable for use at the join.
- the present invention therefore provides an insulation material for a double- walled pipe structure comprising a composite of a resin and an insulating particulate material.
- the particulate material can be glass or a suitable polymer such as polyelthylene, or a particulate insulation material such as alumino-silicate microspheres. It is preferably provided with a particle size of less than 1 mm, more preferably less than 0.1 mm.
- a suitable resin is epoxy. It preferably fills between 25 % and 1 00% of the interstices between the particulate material.
- An alternative resin is a phenolic resin, in particular syntactic foams.
- the present invention also provides a double-walled pipe structure with at least one annular bulkhead in the space between the inner and outer pipes, the bulkhead being of any of the insulation materials defined above. This can seal a further insulation material into the annular space behind the bulkhead. If desired, a layer can be provided between the bulkhead and the further insulation material. Suitable layers include polymeric films such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and glass reinforced polymers.
- a bulkhead of this type can be formed by casting the insulation material to a suitable shape, placing the cast item into the space between the pipes, and sealing around the extremities of the cast item to the pipes.
- An adhesive composition will provide suitable sealing.
- it can be poured into the annular space over the further insulation material and allowed to cure in place. This removes the need for sealing. It may be useful to include a layer between the curing bulkhead and the further insulation material in order to hinder mixing.
- the present invention also provides a solid insulating material formed of a composite of a resin and an insulating particulate material in a half-annular shape. This is especially useful in joining sections of double-walled pipe structures since it can be fitted in place without difficulty.
- the composite is sufficiently robust to withstand normal handling and can therefore be treated as a solid item.
- the half-annulus can be formed with cylindrical recesses. These will then accommodate a weld bead.
- the half-annular shell is bonded on at least one cylindrical face to a steel structure.
- This can be the steel half-shell which is to be welded in place at the join.
- the bonding can be by way of an adhesive.
- the present invention also provides an assembly of a double-walled pipe structure in which there is at least one join, the join including at least one half- annular block of insulation material around the join between the inner pipes, the insulation material being as defined above.
- the half-annular shell can be bonded in position after welding, or the bonding completed after welding.
- the block of insulation material is preferably bonded to at least one and preferably both pipes of the double-walled pipe structure. Again, the bonding can be by way of an adhesive.
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a double-walled pipe structure incorporating a bulkhead according to the present invention
- Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through a double-walled pipe structure incorporating an alternative bulkhead according to the present invention
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the joint region of a double-walled pipe structure
- Figure 4 is a transverse section through the joint region.
- a pipeline is shown that comprises an outer sleeve 1 and an inner flow pipe 2, with bulkheads 3 dividing the inter-pipe space into sections containing an insulation material 4.
- both epoxy resins and syntactic foams are suitable for operation at temperatures in excess of 1 50°C and offer good thermal insulation.
- the thermal properties are improved still further by including a second phase within the composition such as glasses, polymeric materials and alumino-silicate microspheres, a known particulate insulation material.
- the second phase can also act as a filler/extender and improve mechanical properties such as toughness.
- a suitable syntactic foam is a phenolic composition manufactured by Alderley Materials under the brand name of 'Contratherm' . The foam is mouldable and cures at ambient temperatures or just above to form a rigid structure.
- a preferred epoxy resin is PermabondTM DE244. When used with a microsphere filler, the resin occupies the interstitial voids between the spherical microspheres which hence exhibit a packing density of around 65 % .
- the bulkheads 3 are typically formed by casting to shape outside the pipe structure and placing them within the annulus. They can then be sealed by adhesive layers 5 which secure them to the inner and outer pipes 1 , 2.
- Figure 2 shows an alternative form.
- the bulkheads 3 are cast in place within the annulus. Prior to casting, the insulation material 4 is inserted. This is then covered with a protective layer 6 and the still flowable material of the bulkhead 3 is poured in and allowed to set in place. A further protective layer 7 can optionally be inserted and the next section of insulation material 4 inserted.
- the protective layers 6, 7 prevent the flowable material of the bulkhead from impregnating the insulation material 4. Whilst this is not problematic of itself, it may prevent sufficient material from remaining in place. This could be overcome by adding further material, or by adding when the viscosity has risen due to partial curing, or by use of protective layers as shown.
- the protective layers should be impermeable, but can be flexible such as a polymeric film of (for example) polyethylene or polypropylene or rigid such as glass reinforced polymer (GRP), or of an intermediate stiffness. It can extend to the edges of the annulus but this will probably not be necessary in most instances.
- the outer sleeve pipe 1 0 surrounds an inner sleeve pipe 1 2 which carries the fluid to be transported.
- the annular space 1 4 there is an insulation material, except at the region of the join 1 6 where access needs to be provided to the inner flow pipe 1 2 in order to allow adjacent sections to be joined.
- the weld 1 6 consists of a direct butt weld between the inner flow pipes 1 2.
- the outer sleeve pipes 1 0 are each formed short of the inner flow pipes 1 2 so that access is possible to form the butt weld, and therefore they adjoined via 2 half- shells 1 8-20 which are formed by longitudinally dividing a short cylindrical section into two halves.
- Other methods adjoining the outer sleeve pipes 1 0 are known, but these also require access to be provided to the inner sleeve pipes and therefore the same difficulty will arise.
- Figure 4 shows how insulation can be provided around the join 1 6.
- the two half shells 1 8-20 can be seen, together with the weld beads 22, 24 adjoining them.
- the pair of half-annular insulation blocks 26, 28 between them substantially fill the annular volume between the inner flow pipe 1 2 and the outer half shells 1 8-20.
- Each half-annular insulation block is bonded to the outer half open shell 1 8 or 20 via an adhesive layer 30 and to the inner flow pipe via an adhesive layer 32.
- the insulation blocks are a composite of a resin and a particulate insulation material such as microspheres.
- the microspheres can be glass or polythene with a particulate size which is preferably below 0.1 mm but can be up to 1 mm in particular applications.
- the resin can be either an epoxy or a phenolic resin.
- Epoxy resins such as DE244 have been found to be particular suitable, and preferably filled between 30 and 1 00% of the intestacies between the particulate material.
- syntactic foam resins such as ContrathermTM exhibit suitable properties.
- the particulate block is typically formed to shape and can then either be positioned prior to welding or bonded to the outer half shell with a suitable adhesive. It can be provided with cylindrical recesses to accommodate the weld bead if desired. Once in place in the annular space, additional adhesive can be introduced to bond it on the remaining or both sides, such as to the inner flow pipe if it has already been bonded to the outer sleeves.
- a stable and rigid insulation block is provided which can be fitted in place easily in a field if necessary. Nevertheless, the insulation offered by the composite material is sufficient to allow the double walled pipe structure to operate satisfactorily. It is also superior to known insulation materials which are capable of being applied in the fields since it is more resistant to water ingress
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002216297A AU2002216297A1 (en) | 2001-01-05 | 2002-01-04 | Bulkheads for double-walled pipe structures |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0100262A GB2358055B (en) | 2000-01-07 | 2001-01-05 | Improved insulated pipework system |
GB0100262.5 | 2001-01-05 | ||
GB0116136.3 | 2001-06-29 | ||
GB0116136A GB2370870B (en) | 2001-01-05 | 2001-06-29 | Bulkheads for double-walled pipe structures |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002053960A2 true WO2002053960A2 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
WO2002053960A3 WO2002053960A3 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
Family
ID=26245531
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2002/000038 WO2002053960A2 (en) | 2001-01-05 | 2002-01-04 | Bulkheads for double-walled pipe structures |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2002216297A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2370870B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002053960A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103438330A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江创想节能科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh-temperature heat-insulation device |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004053380A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-24 | Kingspan Holdings (Irl) Limited | Insulating foam sections |
GB0302966D0 (en) * | 2003-02-08 | 2003-03-12 | Technical Lightweight Composit | Fire resistant composites |
FR2859518B1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2006-09-22 | Technip France | SPACING AND CENTERING DEVICE FOR DOUBLE-ENVELOPED RIGID DUCT WITH LOW COEFFICIENT THERMAL TRANSFER |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL299406A (en) * | 1963-10-17 | |||
GB1483143A (en) * | 1976-03-03 | 1977-08-17 | Weldwise Installations Ltd | Method of joining insulated metal pipes |
GB2040011A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1980-08-20 | Berry A | Thermally insulated piping systems |
GB8901478D0 (en) * | 1989-01-24 | 1989-03-15 | Shell Int Research | Method for thermally insulating a pipeline |
US6058979A (en) * | 1997-07-23 | 2000-05-09 | Cuming Corporation | Subsea pipeline insulation |
GB2346424B (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2003-02-12 | Kvaerner Oil & Gas Ltd | Subsea pipeline |
GB9912451D0 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 1999-07-28 | Saipem Spa | Insulated pipe structure and methods of making such structures |
GB2358055B (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2004-04-07 | Corus Uk Ltd | Improved insulated pipework system |
-
2001
- 2001-06-29 GB GB0116136A patent/GB2370870B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-04 WO PCT/GB2002/000038 patent/WO2002053960A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-04 AU AU2002216297A patent/AU2002216297A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103438330A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江创想节能科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh-temperature heat-insulation device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002053960A3 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
GB2370870B (en) | 2005-08-10 |
GB0116136D0 (en) | 2001-08-22 |
GB2370870A (en) | 2002-07-10 |
AU2002216297A1 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
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