WO2002079338A2 - Thermosetting adhesive - Google Patents
Thermosetting adhesive Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002079338A2 WO2002079338A2 PCT/US2002/008802 US0208802W WO02079338A2 WO 2002079338 A2 WO2002079338 A2 WO 2002079338A2 US 0208802 W US0208802 W US 0208802W WO 02079338 A2 WO02079338 A2 WO 02079338A2
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- adhesive
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- glycidyl
- acrylate copolymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09J123/08—Copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
- C08G59/687—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/37—Thiols
- C08K5/375—Thiols containing six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/35—Heat-activated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0869—Acids or derivatives thereof
- C08L23/0884—Epoxide containing esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/28—Non-macromolecular organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
- C09J2301/414—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components presence of a copolymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2433/00—Presence of (meth)acrylic polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2463/00—Presence of epoxy resin
Definitions
- thermosetting adhesive an adhesive containing a thermosetting resin, hereinafter referred to as "thermosetting adhesive”.
- Thermosetting adhesives can form three-dimensional crosslinked structure (also known as "network structure” or “bridged structure”), with an application of heat.
- the thermosetting adhesives typically contain an epoxy resin as a thermosetting resin.
- the thermosetting resins form crosslinked structure between molecules of the epoxy resins and exhibit mechanical properties, heat resistance and weather resistance, as well as excellent adhesive strength.
- thermosetting adhesives which contain epoxy resins are reactive hot-melt adhesives.
- the reactive hot-melt adhesives are heat-pressed on a substrate and exposed to heat or light, to cross link the epoxy resin and to cure, thus resulting in excellent bonding power having superior heat resistance, etc.
- a typical reactive hot-melt adhesive is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-316955.
- This reactive hot-melt adhesive contains a thermosetting resin which comprises a polyethylene polymer having an epoxy component therein.
- the adhesive is chemically stable and advantageously uses for bonding electronic components to substrates, during IC (integrated circuit) mounting processes.
- the reactive hot-melt adhesive is generally irradiated with radiation, such as electron ray, to form some crosslinked structure between ethylene units of the thermosetting resin, which reduces flowability, and prevents any oozing which may occur during heat-pressing.
- radiation such as electron ray
- the irradiation to the adhesive gives rise to cleavage of main chain or side chain of the thermosetting resin in some degree and generates ions with low boiling point and volatile substances, which causes foul odor and discharged gas.
- the radiation is converted to thermal energy, which causes bubbles to form in the reactive hot-melt adhesive.
- Such bubbles are particularly undesirable in film adhesives comprising a reactive hot-melt adhesive formed on a liner. This is because they deteriorate the appearance of the object which has been irradiated, whether it is a reactive hot- melt adhesive or a film adhesive, as well as reduces adhesive strength.
- the cleavage of the main or side chains of the thermosetting resin and the conversion to thermal energy may be prevented by adding a so-called electron beam sensitizer to the reactive hot-melt adhesive.
- the electron beam sensitizer is triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA)
- TAC triallyl cyanurate
- TAIC triallyl isocyanurate
- TMPTMA trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate
- it increases the reactivity of the vinyl groups and meth(acrylate) groups which are present, thus enhancing degree of crosslinking.
- bubbles will not form and flowability will decrease, even at relatively low doses of radiation.
- a decrease in flowability is difficult, even at relatively low doses of radiation.
- even if the flowability of the reactive hot-melt adhesive is able to be reduced through relatively low doses of radiation, adhesive strength would still decrease.
- thermosetting adhesive which comprises an ethylene-glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, formed from monomers mainly composed of ethylene and glycidyl (meth)acrylate, and a cationic polymerization catalyst comprising a sulphonium salt expressed by the formula below:
- Formula 1 (wherein -ORi is present at 2, 4 or 6 position of the phenyl group, Ri represents an acetyl group, a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a benzyloxycarbonyl group, a benzoyl group, a phenoxycarbonyl group, a p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl group or a 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group; R 2 and R 3 independently show hydrogen, halogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R 4 and R 5 independently show an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X " shows a non-nucleophilic anion).
- thermosetting adhesive composition (described hereinafter simply as
- the thermosetting adhesive composition of the present invention contains at least one ethylene-glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer (referred to as “glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer”).
- the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is a thermosetting resin which is based on a polyethylene having a low dielectric constant, excellent chemical stability and water resistance, and which contains within the molecules an epoxy group derived from a glycidyl group.
- a content of this resin in the adhesive composition is generally 10 to 95 wt %, preferably 30 to 88 wt % and more preferably 40 to 85 wt %.
- the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer does not separate epoxy components even in the heat-pressing process described hereinafter; the production of any discharged gas does not occur. Moreover, the adhesive composition melts at a relatively low temperatures and is thus advantageously applied in melt coating. By melting the adhesive composition as described above to form a secure bond with an object, then allowing it to cool and solidify, the adhesion with the object can be effected, owing to good heat adhesive ability of the composition.
- the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer when irradiated with electron beam, can form crosslinked structure between the ethylene units.
- the crosslinked structure is advantageous in improving an elastic modulus of the adhesive composition during heat-pressing. Heating the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer at a predetermined temperature, moreover, will cause it to react with the cationic polymerization catalyst, to form crosslinked structure between its units and to cure, thereby increasing the cohesive strength of the adhesive composition.
- the high cohesive strength is advantageous in imparting exceptional peeling adhesive strength and other adhesive properties to the adhesive composition.
- the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is preferably a binary polymer formed from a monomer mixture which comprises an ethylene and a glycidyl (meth)acrylate.
- a weight ratio (E:G) of ethylene (E) and glycidyl (meth)acrylate (G) is preferably 50:50 to 99:1 and more preferably 80:20 to 95:5. Lesser amounts of ethylene in the monomer mixture for the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, will promote reaction with the cationic polymerization catalyst during its manufacture. Such an adhesive composition would be difficult to use in practical applications. The resulting adhesive composition has poor storage stability, when it is irradiated with electron beam. On the other hand, if an amount of ethylene is more in the monomer mixture for the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, the composition has poor adhesive performance.
- Another monomer can be added to the monomer mixture for the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, as long as the technical effects of the present invention are not sacrificed.
- the other monomers are propylene, vinyl acetate, and alkyl (meth)acrylate (with the alkyl group generally containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms), whereby a terpolymer such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate-vinyl acetate- ethylene or glycidyl (meth)acrylate-ethylene-alkyl (meth)acrylate and the like can be formed.
- the terpolymer may generally contain the two monomers (ethylene units and glycidyl (meth)acrylate units) in an amount of at least 50 wt %, and preferably at least 75 wt %, based on the total monomer content, provided that the adhesive strength can be increased to the desired range without causing a marked reduction in the rate of reaction during heat curing.
- a weight average molecular weight of the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is selected so as generally to allow a melt flow rate (MFR) of at least 1 (g/10 min) or preferably at least 150 (g/10 min) at 190°C. Within these ranges, the adhesive composition can have advantageous melt coatability and heat adhesive ability.
- the high MFR decreases cohesive strength of the cured adhesive composition and therefore an MFR of 200 to 1000 (g/10 min) is preferable.
- the MFR is measured according to JIS K 6760.
- the adhesive composition contains a sulphonium salt-comprised cationic polymerization catalyst.
- the sulphonium salt is expressed by the formula below.
- -ORi is in a 2, 4 or 6 position of the phenyl group, with the 4 position being preferred because it is produced more stable.
- Ri is acetyl group, methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, benzyloxycarbonyl group, benzoyl group, phenoxycarbonyl group, p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl group or 9- fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 independently show hydrogen, halogen or an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and occupy any of the 2 to 6 positions of phenyl groups in which no -OR] is present.
- R_ ⁇ and R 5 independently show an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- X " is a non-nucleophilic anion.
- the non-nucleophilic anion of the sulphonium salt of the present invention preferably has an anion radius of more than about 0.254 nm. This is because the larger the anion radius of the sulphonium salt, the lower the temperature of heat curing and the shorter the time of heat curing.
- non-nucleophilic anion of the present invention examples are SbF 6 " AsF 6 " or PF 6 " .
- aryl borate anion, fluorocarbon anion and imido anion can also be included, with the fluorocarbon anion and imido anion being described in USP 5,554,664.
- the aryl borate anion includes tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate.
- the fluorocarbon anion includes C(SO CF 3 ) 3 " and the imido anion includes (C 2 F 6 SO 2 ) 2 N ⁇
- the sulphonium salt as cationic polymerization catalyst is latent; exhibiting high activity when heated, which can facilitate the formation of crosslinked structure between the glycidyl (meth)acrylate units of the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer. Accordingly, the elastic modulus of the adhesive composition can be raised to a desired level in a relatively short period after being heated. The high elastic modulus can result in enhanced solder heat resistance during solder reflow, which is one of the processes involved in the manufacture of integrated circuits. Solder heat resistance is a critical property required for adhesive compositions used in electronic components bonding, IC package fabrication and the like.
- the cationic polymerization catalyst does not tend to produce Bronsted acid (hydrogen ions) under excitation, even under electron beam irradiation as described in the above. Even if the electron irradiation stops, the Bronsted acid attacks epoxy groups in the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, and such dark reactions, in which bridge structure formation is prompted by cationic polymerization, tend not to progress at ambient temperatures (room temperature of approximately 25 °C) in dark places. Accordingly, the adhesive composition of the present invention not only possesses exceptional storage stability and a long shelf life, even after being subjected to electron irradiation, but can be satisfactorily heat-pressing bonded to objects, while the desired flowability is maintained.
- the cationic polymerization catalyst has considerable utility in that reduced flowability results from the crosslinked structure being effectively established between the ethylene units of the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer. This is due to the fact that when the adhesive composition contains the cationic polymerization catalyst, the composition obtains desirable flowability when applied, even at electron beam irradiation of 10 to 200 kGy. Accordingly, oozing which occurs during heat-pressing is effectively prevented, and provides excellent appearance on e.g. electronic components when bonded. In addition, there is little occurrence of conversion of radiation to thermal energy, and occurrence of bubbles in the adhesive composition. Accordingly, there is virtually no incidence of adversely affected appearance or adhesive strength. Also, the use of reduced-dose radiation eliminates both partial cleavage of the main or side chains of the thermosetting resin and the formation of low-boiling ions and volatile substances, which cause foul odor and discharged gas.
- the adhesive composition generally contains 0.001 to 1 wt % of the cationic polymerization catalyst.
- a content of less than 0.001 wt % will result in the reaction rate during heat curing being excessively slow, which tends to an inadequate heat cure, while a content of greater than 1 wt % will result in gelling during the manufacturing process and the reaction proceeding too much under electron irradiation, which will prevent satisfactory heat-pressing.
- 4-acetoxyphenyl dimethylsulphonium hexafluoroantimonate or 4-[(methoxycarbonyl)oxy]benzenedimethylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate is preferably used as the cationic polymerization catalyst. This is because stability is high due to high initial reaction temperature during the manufacturing process, and the catalyst is activated following electron beam irradiation, which allows heat curing to be accomplished in a short period of time.
- the cationic polymerization catalyst sulphonium salt is generally obtained as follows.
- a sulphonium salt containing methyl sulphate ion is synthesized by reacting a corresponding 4-(substituted oxyphenyl alkyl sulphide) with an alkyl sulphate. Next, it is subjected to anion exchange with a predetermined complex salt, to obtain a desired sulphonium salt at a high yield.
- a sulphonium salt is commercially available from Sanshin Kagaku Kogyo (KK), as described subsequently in the examples, instead of being manufactured as described in the above.
- the adhesive composition of the present invention as described in the above can be used in the form of a reactive, hot-melt film adhesive.
- This film adhesive is preferably 0.001 to 5 mm thick and more preferably 0.005 to 0.5 mm thick, owing to ease of handling and high reliability derived from the uniform crosslinked structure established in its thickness direction.
- the film adhesives are manufactured according to the following method.
- First, the adhesive composition is melt-coated onto a substrate, typically at 60°C to 120°C.
- the adhesive composition is typically prepared by kneading or mixing the components until they have assumed an essentially uniform state. Kneaders, roll mills, extruders, planetary mixers, homomixers and the like can generally be used for the kneading or mixing processes. In this context, it is important for temperature and time to be adjusted in such circumstances that the ethylene- glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer does not substantially react with the sulphonium salt.
- a complex elastic modulus ⁇ * of the adhesive composition is preferably controlled to a range of 500 to 1,000,000 poise and even more preferably to a range of 1,200 to 10,000 poise, by keeping the temperature and time within 20 to 120°C and 1 minute to 2 hours, respectively. This ensures that the adhesive composition is shaped into a film of the desired thickness through continuous coating.
- the complex elastic modulus ⁇ * is a value determined under conditions of 120°and an angular velocity of 6.28 rad/sec.
- the substrate includes a liner such as a release sheet or release film, or other object to be bonded.
- the melt coating process can be conducted by a knife coater, die coater, or other common coating means.
- the film adhesive is obtained by subjecting the adhesive composition to electron irradiation, to form a crosslinked structure between the ethylene units of the glycidyl (mefh)acrylate copolymer.
- electron beam is accelerated at a voltage of 150 to 500 keV and directed onto the adhesive composition, while the absorbed dose is reduced to between 10 to 200 kGy, as described above.
- the resulting film adhesive has a desirable appearance, and free of bubbles.
- the film adhesive contain virtually no low-boiling point monomers or volatile substances, which can cause foul odors and gas discharge.
- the film adhesive can be made into a final product by protecting its adhesive surface with a liner.
- the film adhesive may also be made into a final product without a protective liner, if the pressure sensitive adhesion of the adhesive surface is relatively low.
- the film adhesive can provide an adhesive strength for a relatively short period of time of 0.1 to 30 sec which is exceptional in its solder heat resistance between the two objects to be bonded, while the elastic modulus is increased. Accordingly, the film adhesive is desirable in processes for manufacturing integrated circuits, which involves wire bonding. It is also preferable from an environmental standpoint, as no solvents are employed.
- the film adhesive can provide sufficient adhesive strength even without heat-pressing; but its adhesive strength can increase to 4 to 15 kg/25 mm and higher by performing a post-curing process.
- the bonding structure is heated from 1 min to 24 hours, generally at 120°C or higher, and preferably at between 130 to 300°C so as to reduce the time required for the post-curing process. Specifically, by heating the bonding structure at 140 to 200°C, the post-curing time can be shortened to 30 min and 12 hours.
- the thermosetting adhesive composition may additionally contain an ethylene-alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as "alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer").
- alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer ethylene-alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer
- the content of the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer in the thermosetting adhesive composition lies generally within the range of 4 to 80 wt %, preferably 10 to 60 wt % and more preferably 15 to 50 wt %, so as to provide the thermosetting adhesive composition with the desired melt coatability, heat adhesive ability, crosslinkability from electron irradiation and post-curability.
- the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer has a lower water absorbency than the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, which enables it to impart water-resistance to the thermosetting adhesive composition and the film adhesive thereof. Moreover, the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer generally has a lower softening point than the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer. This enables internal stresses to be alleviated and adhesive performance to increase, even if the thermosetting adhesive composition and the film adhesive thereof receive heat cycle after curing.
- the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer allows the adhesive composition to melt at a relatively low temperature, similar to the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, and therefore the heat adhesive ability of the adhesive composition can be increased. Moreover, irradiating the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer with electron rays enables a crosslinked structure to be formed between other alkyl
- the crosslinked structure is, as described above, advantageous from the perspective of increasing elastic modulus during heat-pressing of the adhesive composition.
- the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is a copolymer which comprises monomer mixture which essentially contains an alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer and ethylene.
- the alkyl (math)acrylate has alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, because the adhesive composition does not increase elastic modulus after crosslinking if the alkyl group contain more than 4 carbon atoms.
- a weight ratio (E:G) between ethylene (E) and glycidyl (meth)acrylate (G) is preferably within the range of 60:40 to 1 :99, and more preferably 50:50 to 5:95.
- the adhesive composition does not have increased elastic modulus even if it is irradiated with electron beam to form crosslinked structure. On the other hand, if the copolymer contains more ethylene, the adhesive composition has reduced adhesive performance.
- a third copolymerizable monomer may be used in addition to the monomer components, to constitute a ternary alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, provided that the merits of the present invention are not sacrificed. In these circumstances, the third copolymerizable monomer should contain no epoxy groups, similar to propylenes and vinyl acetates.
- the content of the binary copolymer structural units (ethylene units and glycidyl (meth)acrylates) in the ternary alkyl (mefh)acrylate copolymer should generally be at least 50 wt % and preferably at least 75 wt %.
- the third polymerizable monomer may contain carboxyl groups or carboxylic anhydride functional groups, as long as the heat curing reaction between the (meth)acrylate copolymers and the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymers is suppressed, to enable any gelling or undesirable increases in viscosity to be very easily avoided while the adhesive composition is being shaped into a desired form, such as a film.
- the weight average molecular weight of the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is selected to obtain an MFR at 190°C of at least 1 (g/10 min) and preferably 150 (g/10 min) similar to the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, and therefore the adhesive composition has melt coatability and heat adhesive ability.
- the thermosetting adhesive composition contains the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer described above, it can be prepared by kneading or mixing, as shall be described below. First, the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer is uniformly mixed with rosin at 60 to 200°C for 10 sec to 2 hours to form pellets.
- pellets are generally mixed with the remaining components which include the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, for from 10 seconds to 2 hours at 90°C to 120°C, to form an adhesive composition in which all of the components have been uniformly blended.
- pellets small clusters of definite or indefinite shape are meant.
- the pellets are formed, for example, by mixing the predetermined components together to obtain a relatively large cluster, pulverising same in a kneading apparatus, and then using a pelletizer or granulator on the resulting mixture of the predetermined components.
- the small cluster generally has a volume of 0.001 to 1,000 mm 3 .
- the adhesive composition of the present invention may contain rosin that contains carboxyl groups within the molecules, in a content range of 1 to 20 wt %, preferably 2 to 15 wt %, more preferably 3 to 10 wt %, provided that the effects and merits of the invention are not sacrificed.
- heating the rosin together with the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer will not cause any decrease in heat adhesive ability, and the cohesive strength of the adhesive composition can be increased after it cures by incorporating the rosin in the crosslinked structure between the glycidyl (meth)acrylate units in the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer.
- a high cohesive strength is advantageous in adhesives having good adhesion for peeling adhesive strength and the like.
- the rosin is not particularly limited in the present invention provided that the effect and merits of the invention are not sacrificed; however, in consideration of the crosslinking reaction with the glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer and the stability when the adhesive composition is heated and shaped (the effect of preventing an increase in viscosity), the rosin should preferably have an acid value of 100 to 300, more preferably of 150 to 250. In addition, if the rosin has a softening point of 50 to 200°C, more preferably 70 to 150°C, then it can provide a desired storage stability to the adhesive composition. Examples of the rosins include rubber rosin, wood or tall oil rosin, or chemically modified rosin (e.g., polymerized rosin). The rosin can be used singly or in mixtures of two or more. Moreover, they can be used with other rosins which contain no carboxyl groups, provided that the effect and merits of the present invention are not sacrificed.
- the amount of sulphonium salt to be added is small, it can be dissolved in a reactive diluent such as ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- a reactive diluent such as ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- the addition of large amounts of the reactive diluent may cause gas to be produced and discharged during heat- pressing, which causes poor adhesive ability. It is therefore preferred that the reactive diluent contains an amount of no more than 1 wt % sulfonium. Low- boiling point reactive diluents are equally undesirable for similar reasons.
- the film adhesive can be manufactured by extruding the adhesive composition to form a film, rather than using melt coating to form a film on a substrate. In this case, the film adhesive can be manufactured without a substrate.
- the adhesive composition can be applied directly on to the surface thereof. In this case, the film adhesive can be obviated; instead, a bonded structure can be obtained between the adhesive composition and the given substrate on which it has been coated by means of the electron irradiation thereupon.
- Fabrication of film adhesive Compositions were prepared by kneading the components given in Table 1 in the proportions shown, for 5 minutes at 120°C. Next, a pair of polyethylene terephthalate film ("PET films" hereinafter) were prepared to dimensions of 1 m length, 15 cm width and 100 ⁇ m thickness, between which were sandwiched the compositions. The assemblies were then passed through a knife gap heated to 150°C to shape them into 100 ⁇ m-thick film precursors. These film precursors were all colorless and transparent, with the exception of Comparative Example 3, which was colored yellow. Next, an electron beam which had been accelerated at 200 kV was irradiated upon the film precursors at an absorption dose of 150 kGy, to yield film adhesives.
- PET films polyethylene terephthalate film
- film adhesives were inserted into a commercially sold paper envelope and stored at approximately 25 to 27°C, then prepared for evaluation of flowability during heat-pressing, described infra, evaluation of storage stability (in particular, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) and infrared spectrometry.
- Film adhesives were also fabricated by the film precursors to the electron irradiation at an absorption dose of 50 kGy, whereupon as described above, the film adhesives were inserted into commercially available paper envelopes and stored at 25 to 27°C in preparation for their evaluation of flowability during heat- pressing.
- CG5001 ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (Sumitomo Chemical Co
- SI- 145 4-(methoxycarbonyl)oxy]benzenedimethyl-sulphonium hexafluoroantimonate (Sanshin Kagaku Kogyo (KK))
- S-cat triallylsulphonium hexafluoroantimonate (3M)
- the film adhesives were subjected to electron irradiation, and one week thereafter the heat-pressing, the flowability of the film adhesives of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 through 4 were evaluated in the following manner.
- the film adhesives were cut into circles with a 6 mm diameter.
- a glass plate (3 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, 1.1 mm thick) and a copper plate (3 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, 280 ⁇ m thick) were readied, and then heat-pressing bonded together via the circular film adhesives.
- the heat-pressing was carried out for 10 seconds at 180°C at a pressure of 50 Newtons/cm 2 .
- the diameters of the circular film adhesives were measured through the glass plate, and the flowability of the adhesives was calculated as per the formula below:
- Table 2 displays the flowability of the compositions and film adhesives.
- thermosetting adhesive of the present invention (unit: %)
- Table 2 illustrate that the flowability of the thermosetting adhesive of the present invention during heat-pressing can be easily controlled by electron irradiation.
- the adhesive composition of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 shows a flowability of not more than 120% with either electron irradiation and therefore do not provide an adhesive structure having sufficient adhesive power by heat pressing. As the result, the glass plate and copper plate were easily separated.
- the adhesive composition of Comparative Example 4 has a flowability of more than 120%, and often shows oozing during heat-pressing when electron radiation dose is reduced to 50 kGy. Accordingly, the bonded structure obtained therefrom sometimes has poor appearance.
- the adhesive compositions of Examples 1 and 2 show a flowability of more than 120 and can provide a bonded structure having high adhesive power by heat-pressing. In addition, the flowability not only effectively inhibits oozing, but when electron irradiation dose is reduced to 50 kGy for preventing foaming in the adhesive composition.
- the heat reactivity of all film adhesives except Comparative Example 4 was evaluated both 1 day (24 hours) and 1 week after electron irradiation, and the change over time was determined according to the evaluation.
- the evaluation of heat reactivity was performed based on the peak temperature of the epoxy component crosslinking reaction and change in enthalpy.
- a DSC apparatus (Pyris-1 ; manufactured by Perkin-Elmer) was used to measure the peak temperature in the crosslinking reaction and the change in enthalpy, as the temperature of the film adhesives was raised from 40°C to 300°C, in increments of 10°C per minute.
- Table 3 displays the peak temperatures of the crosslinking reaction and the change in enthalpy per unitary mass ( ⁇ H).
- the infrared spectra of the film adhesives of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 were measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (model 1720-X; manufactured by Perkin-Elmer) based on attenuated total reflectance, frustrated internal reflectance and internal reflectance spectroscopy (ATR method), three days after having been subjected to electron irradiation.
- the reflected infrared spectra were also measured for each of the above compositions, without electron irradiation being performed.
- the film adhesives of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 4 were placed in an oven and cured by applying heat over two hours at 150°C, whereupon the elastic modulus of the cured articles was measured.
- the elastic modulus measurement was carried out using a dynamic viscoelastometer (RSAII; manufactured by Rheometrics).
- the elastic modulus of the cured articles at an angular velocity of 6.28 rad/sec was measured using a tensile method, while raising the temperature in increments of 10°C per minute, from -70°C to 300°C.
- Table 5 displays the elastic moduli at 250°C of the film adhesives of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 4 after the heat curing process.
- the adhesive compositions of Examples 1 and 2 in contrast to the composition of Comparative Example 4, clearly exhibited a marked increase in their elastic moduli after heat curing, even at high temperatures such as 250°C.
- An increase in their elastic modulus of such magnitude is highly advantageous in improving the solder heat resistance of the adhesive compositions during solder reflow.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02715180A EP1373427A2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-21 | Thermosetting adhesive |
US10/470,875 US20040063804A1 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-21 | Thermosetting adhesive |
AU2002247396A AU2002247396A1 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-21 | Thermosetting adhesive |
KR10-2003-7012457A KR20040030545A (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-21 | Thermosetting Adhesive |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP100609/2001 | 2001-03-30 | ||
JP2001100609A JP2002294196A (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2001-03-30 | Thermosetting adhesive |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002079338A2 true WO2002079338A2 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
WO2002079338A3 WO2002079338A3 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
Family
ID=18954038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2002/008802 WO2002079338A2 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-21 | Thermosetting adhesive |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1373427A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002294196A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20040030545A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1500127A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002247396A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002079338A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1302496A1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-04-16 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Insulating resin composition, adhesive resin composition and adhesive sheeting |
US7358408B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2008-04-15 | Az Electronic Materials Usa Corp. | Photoactive compounds |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070023141A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Hot melt adhesive for PTFE |
KR101388519B1 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2014-04-24 | 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 | Method Of Fabricating Thin Film Transistor Substrate And Photosensitive Resin Composition Used To The Same |
EP2874280A1 (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Groove closure mass, groove closure and method for producing a groove closure |
TWI799557B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2023-04-21 | 日商琳得科股份有限公司 | Resin composition, sealing sheet and sealing body |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0555058A1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1993-08-11 | Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | (Oxo)sulfonium complex, polymerizable composition containing the complex, and method of polymerizing composition |
WO2000000566A1 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-01-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Hot-melt adhesive composition, heat-bonding film adhesive and adhering method using hot-melt adhesive composition |
US6057382A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2000-05-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Epoxy/thermoplastic photocurable adhesive composition |
-
2001
- 2001-03-30 JP JP2001100609A patent/JP2002294196A/en active Pending
-
2002
- 2002-03-21 WO PCT/US2002/008802 patent/WO2002079338A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-03-21 AU AU2002247396A patent/AU2002247396A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-03-21 CN CNA028074521A patent/CN1500127A/en active Pending
- 2002-03-21 KR KR10-2003-7012457A patent/KR20040030545A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-03-21 EP EP02715180A patent/EP1373427A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0555058A1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1993-08-11 | Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | (Oxo)sulfonium complex, polymerizable composition containing the complex, and method of polymerizing composition |
US6057382A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2000-05-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Epoxy/thermoplastic photocurable adhesive composition |
WO2000000566A1 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-01-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Hot-melt adhesive composition, heat-bonding film adhesive and adhering method using hot-melt adhesive composition |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1302496A1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-04-16 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Insulating resin composition, adhesive resin composition and adhesive sheeting |
EP1302496A4 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2004-06-23 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Insulating resin composition, adhesive resin composition and adhesive sheeting |
US7358408B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2008-04-15 | Az Electronic Materials Usa Corp. | Photoactive compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20040030545A (en) | 2004-04-09 |
AU2002247396A1 (en) | 2002-10-15 |
CN1500127A (en) | 2004-05-26 |
JP2002294196A (en) | 2002-10-09 |
EP1373427A2 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
WO2002079338A3 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
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