WO2002097409A1 - Method for the automated recognition, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles - Google Patents

Method for the automated recognition, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002097409A1
WO2002097409A1 PCT/EP2002/005779 EP0205779W WO02097409A1 WO 2002097409 A1 WO2002097409 A1 WO 2002097409A1 EP 0205779 W EP0205779 W EP 0205779W WO 02097409 A1 WO02097409 A1 WO 02097409A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particle
scattered light
particles
identification
analysis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/005779
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heiko Leonhardt
Ludwig Pohlmann
Lothar Holz
Markus Lankers
Original Assignee
Rap.Id Particle Systems Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rap.Id Particle Systems Gmbh filed Critical Rap.Id Particle Systems Gmbh
Priority to DE10292357T priority Critical patent/DE10292357D2/en
Publication of WO2002097409A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002097409A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/65Raman scattering
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
    • G01N15/0211Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/94Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/44Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
    • G01J3/4412Scattering spectrometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers
    • G01N15/1468Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers with spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers
    • G01N15/1434Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers using an analyser being characterised by its optical arrangement
    • G01N2015/1452Adjustment of focus; Alignment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N21/6456Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
    • G01N2021/646Detecting fluorescent inhomogeneities at a position, e.g. for detecting defects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/65Raman scattering
    • G01N2021/653Coherent methods [CARS]
    • G01N2021/656Raman microprobe
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N21/6456Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
    • G01N21/6458Fluorescence microscopy
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/10Scanning
    • G01N2201/103Scanning by mechanical motion of stage
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/10Scanning
    • G01N2201/108Miscellaneous
    • G01N2201/1087Focussed scan beam, e.g. laser

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the automated detection and spectroscopic identification of particles, in particular particulate contaminants.
  • Charged particles can be electrostatically deposited on surfaces the.
  • Another possibility is the use of impactors with which, in addition to the separation, classification of the particles in size classes is possible, as specified in US Pat. No. 5,343,767 "Low Particle Loss Cascade Impactor".
  • DE 41 11 903 C2 describes a method and a device which is capable of automatically capturing entire areas by Raman spectroscopy.
  • the method disclosed herein it is possible to obtain the simultaneous or sequential recording of a confocal, light microscopic, optical sectional image and a set of spectroscopic intensity distributions, so that on the basis of this information the assigned mean spectrum of the spectroscopic method used can then be specified for each suitably selected section of the optical sectional image.
  • fully automated detection, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles is not possible with this method.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a suitable technology for the automated detection and spectroscopic identification of microparticles, in particular in the size range from 0.1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, which are deposited on smooth surfaces and which is particularly suitable for the use of Raman spectroscopy and the analysis and identification of the particles in a significantly shorter time.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
  • a laser beam is scanned over the surface of a sample carrier on which particles have been deposited.
  • the scanning is preferably carried out by a relative movement in the x-y direction between the laser beam and the sample carrier, more preferably by the movement of the sample carrier in the x-y plane with respect to the laser beam.
  • the sample carrier is preferably moved with the aid of stepper motors.
  • a change in the scattered light intensity is detected by at least one scattered light sensor in a defined angular range relative to the filter surface. The intensity of this selectively detected light is characteristic of particles of a certain size. This selectivity can be further increased by using several sensors in different angular positions.
  • This particle-sensitive scattered light triggers an impulse to a software control, which interrupts the scanning process and causes the stepper motors, which perform the described movement, to come to an immediate standstill in order to position the laser focus exactly on the particle and / or the position for an automatic analysis after the completion of the scanning process, in order to first end the scanning process completely and then to control the positions again in order to carry out the signal registration of the light inelastically scattered by the particle for the subsequent spectral analysis.
  • readjustment can be carried out by moving the sample carrier and / or a lens in the y direction until the particle is precisely in the focus of the laser beam.
  • Another signal which is triggered by the change in the scattered light, starts the signal registration of the light inelastically scattered by the particle.
  • This light is freed of its elastic scattered light component with the aid of a filter, spectrally broken down in a spectrometer, preferably a Raman spectrometer, and detected with a detector, for example a CCD camera.
  • the software control sends a signal to the stepper motor control to restart the scanning process.
  • the data obtained during the spectral analysis are automatically sent to a control computer. There the data is automatically smoothed and corrected on the background. Then the experimental data is compared with that of a database and the result is output.
  • sought-after particulate contaminants can be distinguished relatively reliably from surface irregularities of the sample carrier.
  • Figure 1 shows the flow diagram of a measuring process according to the inventive method
  • FIG. 1 b shows the exemplary calculation of the correlation between particle size and signal intensity in an angular range on an aluminum-coated sample carrier
  • FIG. 2 shows the optical detailed structure of a measuring system for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 3a shows the relative position of particles on a sample carrier
  • FIG. 3b shows the measuring positions at which a particle measurement has taken place
  • FIG. 4 shows a spectrum of a 4 ⁇ m diamond chip automatically generated by the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 The flow diagram of a measuring process is shown in FIG. 1, the detailed optical structure described is shown in FIG. 2.
  • Laser with a wavelength of 785 nm is used for this experiment.
  • a surface loaded with particles is irradiated with a laser beam 1 and, at the same time, is moved step by step in the xy plane in 0.5 ⁇ m steps using a displacement unit (not shown).
  • the laser light 1 is coupled into a microscope 5 by means of a bandpass filter 2 with the aid of a mirror 3 and a beam splitter 4 and is focused on the surface of the sample carrier 6 with an SLWD objective 5 '.
  • the scattered light is picked up with a probe 7 in approximately 45 ° with an angular range of approximately 16 ° to 74 ° and recorded with a photodiode 8.
  • a change in the scattered light intensity indicates the presence of a searched particle P.
  • the further movement of the displacement unit is interrupted.
  • the objective 5 ' is positioned in the y direction with the aid of a further displacement table, the reflected light being detected by a diode 9. If the position of the maximum intensity is reached, the particle P is in the optimal focus range.
  • the backscattered light from the sample carrier 6 is collected by the same objective 5 ′, coupled into a fiber 10, and the excitation wavelength is filtered out with a notch filter 11.
  • the inelastically scattered light is spectrally split in a Raman spectrometer 12 and the Raman lines are recorded with a detector (not shown).
  • a signal is sent via RS232 to start the Raman measurement of particle P. For this purpose, the dark current is measured.
  • the laser is faded out by a shutter and faded in after the selected integration time and the receiver is initialized.
  • the spectrum obtained is preprocessed in a control computer 16, then compared with the spectra present in the database, and the result, the substance from which the particle is made, is displayed.
  • the device is released for a new measuring cycle.
  • the corresponding solid angle is 0.77 sr.
  • the strength of the scatter signal increases from 0.5 to 5.0 ⁇ m by a factor of 25, which corresponds approximately to a quadratic dependence and is sufficient for differentiating different particle sizes based on the scattered light intensity in the specified angular range.
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b show the result of the particle analysis of an approximately 25 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m area which is loaded with 3-5 ⁇ m diamond chips.
  • the relative position of the particles to one another can be seen in the photo in FIG. 3a.
  • the measurement positions at which a particle measurement took place designate the white squares in FIG. 3b.
  • the measurement time per particle was approx. 5 s.
  • An example of a diamond spectrum can be seen in FIG. 4. From this measurement it can be deduced that the particle recognition registers the particles lying on the surface and records them very quickly spectroscopically.
  • the pure scanning time for the surface under consideration was approx. 10 s.
  • the measurement time for the 27 measurement points was 2 min 15 s.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the automated recognition, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles, especially of particulate contaminants. The inventive method is characterized by scanning a laser beam across the surface of a sample support on which particles were deposited, and continuously measuring the stray light intensity. For the spectroscopic analysis and identification of the particles only particle and/or size-sensitive stray light is detected in a defined angle range relative to the support surface.

Description

Verfahren zur automatisierten Erkennung, spektroskopischen Analyse und Identifizierung von Partikeln Process for automated detection, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur automatisierten Erkennung und spektroskopischen Identifizierung von Partikeln, insbesondere von partikulären Verunreinigungen.The present invention relates to a method for the automated detection and spectroscopic identification of particles, in particular particulate contaminants.
Zur Erkennung und Untersuchung fester Partikel, insbesondere partikulärer Verunreinigungen, müssen diese aus einem Gas oder einer Flüssigkeit ausgeschieden werden.To detect and examine solid particles, especially particulate contaminants, they have to be removed from a gas or a liquid.
Dazu sind unterschiedliche Methoden bekannt. Die einfachsten Verfahren beruhen auf der Abscheidung der Partikel auf Filtermembranen sowohl in gasförmigen als auch flüssigen Medien, siehe z.B. Millipore Particle Monitoring Guide, Millipore Cooperation, 1998.Different methods are known for this. The simplest methods are based on the separation of the particles on filter membranes in both gaseous and liquid media, see e.g. Millipore Particle Monitoring Guide, Millipore Cooperation, 1998.
Geladene Teilchen können elektrostatisch auf Oberflächen abgeschieden wer- den. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht in der Anwendung von Impaktoren, mit denen neben der Abscheidung eine Klassifizierung der Teilchen in Größenklassen möglich ist, wie es in US 5,343,767 „Low Particle Loss Cascade Impactor" angegeben ist.Charged particles can be electrostatically deposited on surfaces the. Another possibility is the use of impactors with which, in addition to the separation, classification of the particles in size classes is possible, as specified in US Pat. No. 5,343,767 "Low Particle Loss Cascade Impactor".
Zur Erkennung der abgeschiedenen Partikel sind wiederum unterschiedliche Methoden bekannt.Different methods are known for recognizing the separated particles.
Für die quantitative Kontaminationsanalyse von glatten Oberflächen existieren Techniken, die mit Hilfe eines Laserstrahls und eines Laserscanners Oberflächen abrastern und partikuläre Verunreinigungen anhand des mit einem Photodetektor aufgefangenen Streulichts erkennen, z.B. US 5,479,252 „Laser Imaging System for Inspection and Analysis of Submicron Particles". Diese Verfahren können jedoch nicht unterscheiden, ob es sich um eine Oberflächenunebenheit oder eine partikuläre Verunreinigung handelt.Techniques exist for the quantitative contamination analysis of smooth surfaces, which scan surfaces with the help of a laser beam and a laser scanner and detect particulate contamination on the basis of the scattered light captured with a photodetector, e.g. No. 5,479,252 "Laser Imaging System for Inspection and Analysis of Submicron Particles". However, these methods cannot distinguish whether it is a surface unevenness or a particulate contamination.
Andere Verfahren untersuchen digital vorliegende Videobilder mit Bilderkennungsprogrammen und können neben der Erkennung von partikulären Verunreinigungen auch Aussagen über deren Form und/oder Größe treffen. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist in US 6,178,383 „Online Sampling and Image Analyzer for De- termining Solid Content in a Fluid Media" beschrieben.Other methods examine digitally available video images with image recognition programs and, in addition to the detection of particulate contaminants, can also make statements about their shape and / or size. Such a method is described in US Pat. No. 6,178,383 "Online Sampling and Image Analyzer for Determining Solid Content in a Fluid Media".
Alle diese Verfahren sind jedoch nicht in der Lage, die Partikel/Kontamination auf ihre Identität hin zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck müssen sie einer gesonderten Untersuchung zugeführt werden, wie z.B. der IR-Mikroskopie. Außerdem erreichen diese Verfahren nicht die größtmögliche Präzision, die mit konfokalen Laserscanmikroskopen erreicht wird.However, all of these methods are unable to examine the identity of the particles / contamination. For this purpose, they must be subjected to a separate examination, e.g. IR microscopy. In addition, these methods do not achieve the greatest possible precision that can be achieved with confocal laser scanning microscopes.
Ein Verfahren und ein Gerät, das In der Lage ist, ganze Bereiche automatisiert ramanspektroskopisch zu erfassen, ist in DE 41 11 903 C2 beschrieben. Mit dem hierin offenbarten Verfahren ist es zwar möglich, die simultane oder aufeinanderfolgende Aufnahme eines konfokalen, lichtmikroskopischen, optischen Schnittbildes und eines Satzes von spektroskopischen Intensitätsverteilungen zu erhalten, so dass anhand dieser Informationen anschließend zu jedem geeignet ausgewählten Ausschnitt des optischen Schnittbildes das zugeordnete mittlere Spektrum des eingesetzten spektroskopischen Verfahrens angegeben werden kann. Eine vollautomatisierte Erkennung, spektroskopische Analyse und Identifizierung von Partikeln ist mit diesem Verfahren jedoch nicht möglich.DE 41 11 903 C2 describes a method and a device which is capable of automatically capturing entire areas by Raman spectroscopy. With the method disclosed herein, it is possible to obtain the simultaneous or sequential recording of a confocal, light microscopic, optical sectional image and a set of spectroscopic intensity distributions, so that on the basis of this information the assigned mean spectrum of the spectroscopic method used can then be specified for each suitably selected section of the optical sectional image. However, fully automated detection, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles is not possible with this method.
Ein ähnliches Verfahren zur simultanen Aufnahme von Streulicht und inelastisch gestreutem Licht ist in der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 056426 A2 aufgeführt. In einer Variante dieses Verfahrens wird die Rasterung der Probe bei vorgewählten Bildpunkten gestoppt, um von diesen Punkten ein vollständiges Spektrum aufzunehmen. Dieses Verfahren erfordert eine vom Bediener vorzunehmende Auswahl der Bildpunkte, für die ein vollständiges Spektrum aufgenommen werden soll und ist somit nicht in der Lage, vollautomatisiert und selektiv einzelne Partikel zu erkennen.A similar method for the simultaneous recording of scattered light and inelastically scattered light is listed in the European patent application EP 0 056426 A2. In a variant of this method, the screening of the sample is stopped at preselected pixels in order to record a complete spectrum of these points. This method requires the operator to select the pixels for which a complete spectrum is to be recorded and is therefore not able to recognize individual particles fully automatically and selectively.
Insgesamt muss festgestellt werden, dass mit bekannten Methoden keine vollautomatische Erkennung und Identifizierung von Mikropartikeln im Bereich von 0.5 μm - 15 μm durchgeführt werden kann. Zudem sind diese Verfahren sehr zeitaufwendig, da zunächst die gesamte Probe gescannt wird und erst in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt die Daten einzelner ausgewählter Punkte ermittelt werden. Auch sind die Verfahren nicht an die Besonderheiten bei der Kontaminationsanalyse glatter Oberflächen angepasst und sind deshalb hierfür weniger geeignet. Der Einsatz manueller Methoden, z. B. Infrarotspektroskopie, ist mit einer großen Gefahr der Kontamination empfindlicher Produkte und Bereiche und einem hohen personellen Aufwand verbunden.Overall, it must be established that fully known detection and identification of microparticles in the range of 0.5 μm - 15 μm cannot be carried out using known methods. In addition, these methods are very time-consuming since the entire sample is first scanned and the data of individual selected points are only determined in a further method step. The methods are also not adapted to the special features of contamination analysis of smooth surfaces and are therefore less suitable for this. The use of manual methods, e.g. B. infrared spectroscopy, is associated with a great risk of contamination of sensitive products and areas and a high level of personnel.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine geeignete Technologie für die automatisierte Erkennung und spektroskopische Identifizierung von insbesondere auf glatten Oberflächen abgeschiedenen Mikropartikeln im Größenbereich von 0.1 μm - 100 μm bereitzustellen, die insbesondere für die Anwendung der Ra- man-Spektroskopie geeignet ist und die Analyse und Identifizierung der Partikel in erheblich kürzerer Zeit ermöglicht. Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object of the present invention is to provide a suitable technology for the automated detection and spectroscopic identification of microparticles, in particular in the size range from 0.1 μm to 100 μm, which are deposited on smooth surfaces and which is particularly suitable for the use of Raman spectroscopy and the analysis and identification of the particles in a significantly shorter time. The object is achieved by a method according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Laserstrahl über die Oberfläche eines Probenträgers, auf dem Partikel abgeschieden wurden, gescannt. Das Scannen wird vorzugsweise durch eine relative Bewegung in x-y-Richtung zwischen Laserstrahl und Probenträger durchgeführt, noch bevorzugter durch die Bewegung des Probentragers in der x-y-Ebene in Bezug auf den Laserstrahl. Die Bewegung des Probentragers erfolgt vorzugsweise mit Hilfe von Schrittmotoren. Eine Änderung in der Streulichtintensitat wird durch mindestens einen Streulichtsensor in einem definierten Winkelbereich relativ zur Filteroberfläche detektiert. Die Intensität dieses selektiv detektierten Lichtes ist charakteristisch für Teilchen einer bestimmten Größe. Durch die Verwendung mehrerer Sensoren in unterschiedlichen Winkelpositionen kann diese Selektivität weiter gesteigert werden. Dieses partikelsensitive Streulicht löst einen Impuls an eine Softwaresteuerung aus, die den Scanvorgang unterbricht und die Schrittmotoren, die die beschriebene Bewegung ausüben, zu einem sofortigen Stillstand veranlasst, um den Laserfokus exakt auf das Partikel zu positionieren, und/oder die Position für eine automatische Analyse nach Abschluss des Scannvorgangs speichert, um zunächst den Scanvorgang vollständig zu beenden und anschließend die Positionen erneut anzusteuern, um die Signalregistrierung des von dem Partikel inelastisch gestreuten Lichtes für die nachfolgende Spektralanalyse durchzuführen.According to the invention, a laser beam is scanned over the surface of a sample carrier on which particles have been deposited. The scanning is preferably carried out by a relative movement in the x-y direction between the laser beam and the sample carrier, more preferably by the movement of the sample carrier in the x-y plane with respect to the laser beam. The sample carrier is preferably moved with the aid of stepper motors. A change in the scattered light intensity is detected by at least one scattered light sensor in a defined angular range relative to the filter surface. The intensity of this selectively detected light is characteristic of particles of a certain size. This selectivity can be further increased by using several sensors in different angular positions. This particle-sensitive scattered light triggers an impulse to a software control, which interrupts the scanning process and causes the stepper motors, which perform the described movement, to come to an immediate standstill in order to position the laser focus exactly on the particle and / or the position for an automatic analysis after the completion of the scanning process, in order to first end the scanning process completely and then to control the positions again in order to carry out the signal registration of the light inelastically scattered by the particle for the subsequent spectral analysis.
Bei Bedarf kann eine Nachjustierung durch weiteres gezieltes Verschieben des Probenträgers und/oder eines Objektivs in y-Richtung durchgeführt werden, bis sich der Partikel exakt im Fokus des Laserstrahles befindet. Ein weiteres Signal, das durch die Streulichtänderung getriggert wird, startet die Signalregistrierung des von dem Partikel inelastisch gestreuten Lichts. Dieses Licht wird mit Hilfe eines Filters von seinem elastischen Streulichtanteil befreit, in einem Spektrome- ter, vorzugsweise einem Raman-Spektrometer, spektral zerlegt und mit einem Detektor, z.B. einer CCD-Kamera, detektiert. Ist der Detektionsvorgang abgeschlossen, sendet die Softwaresteuerung ein Signal an die Schrittmotorsteue- rung, um den Scanvorgang erneut in Gang zu setzen. Gleichzeitig werden die bei der Spektralanalyse erhaltenen Daten automatisch an einen Steuerungsrechner gesandt. Dort werden die Daten automatisch geglättet und untergrundkorrigiert. Anschließend werden die experimentellen Daten mit denen einer Datenbank verglichen und das Ergebnis ausgegeben. Mit dem Verfahren können gesuchte partikuläre Verunreinigungen relativ zuverlässig von Oberflächenunebenheiten des Probenträgers unterschieden werden.If necessary, readjustment can be carried out by moving the sample carrier and / or a lens in the y direction until the particle is precisely in the focus of the laser beam. Another signal, which is triggered by the change in the scattered light, starts the signal registration of the light inelastically scattered by the particle. This light is freed of its elastic scattered light component with the aid of a filter, spectrally broken down in a spectrometer, preferably a Raman spectrometer, and detected with a detector, for example a CCD camera. When the detection process is complete, the software control sends a signal to the stepper motor control to restart the scanning process. At the same time, the data obtained during the spectral analysis are automatically sent to a control computer. There the data is automatically smoothed and corrected on the background. Then the experimental data is compared with that of a database and the result is output. With the method, sought-after particulate contaminants can be distinguished relatively reliably from surface irregularities of the sample carrier.
Vorteilhaft erweist sich bei diesem Verfahren die Automatisierung des Vorganges, da die Streulichtdetektion nur für zuvor selektiv ausgewählte Partikel durchgeführt wird, so dass sich hierdurch eine enorme Zeitverkürzung gegenüber den bekannten Verfahren ergibt. Der Anwender erhält dadurch einen Zeitvorteil, der zu einer frühzeitigen Lokalisierung der Partikelquelle und so zu weniger Produktkontamination führt. In reinen Umgebungen kann das Verfahren vollautomatisch arbeiten und es entfallen manuelle Eingriffe durch den Operator, die in vielen Fällen zu weiterer Kontamination und somit zu einer Verfälschung des Ergebnisses führt. Weiterhin führt die Möglichkeit des 24h-Einsatzes und der automatischen Partikelerkennung zu einem deutlich höheren Probendurchsatz als bei herkömmlichen Systemen.The automation of the process proves advantageous in this method, since the scattered light detection is carried out only for previously selectively selected particles, so that this results in an enormous reduction in time compared to the known methods. This gives the user a time advantage that leads to early localization of the particle source and thus less product contamination. In clean environments, the process can work fully automatically and there is no need for manual intervention by the operator, which in many cases leads to further contamination and thus to a falsification of the result. Furthermore, the possibility of 24-hour use and automatic particle detection leads to a significantly higher sample throughput than with conventional systems.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figur 1 zeigt das Ablaufschema eines Messvorganges nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren;Figure 1 shows the flow diagram of a measuring process according to the inventive method;
Figur 1 b zeigt die exemplarische Berechnung der Korrelation von Partikelgröße und Signalintensität in einem Winkelbereich auf einem aluminiumbeschichteten Probenträger;FIG. 1 b shows the exemplary calculation of the correlation between particle size and signal intensity in an angular range on an aluminum-coated sample carrier;
Figur 2 zeigt den optischen Detailaufbau eines Messsystems für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens; Figur 3a zeigt die relative Lage von Partikeln auf einem Probenträger;FIG. 2 shows the optical detailed structure of a measuring system for carrying out the method according to the invention; FIG. 3a shows the relative position of particles on a sample carrier;
Figur 3b zeigt die Messpositionen, an denen eine Partikelmessung stattgefunden hat;FIG. 3b shows the measuring positions at which a particle measurement has taken place;
Figur 4 zeigt ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren automatisch erstelltes Spektrum eines 4 μm Diamantsplitters.FIG. 4 shows a spectrum of a 4 μm diamond chip automatically generated by the method according to the invention.
Das Beispiel macht deutlich, dass mit dem erfmdungsgemäßen Verfahren eine automatisierte partikel- und/oder größensensitive Erkennung und Identifizierung von Partikeln möglich ist.The example makes it clear that the method according to the invention enables automated particle and / or size-sensitive detection and identification of particles.
Das Ablaufschema eines Messvorganges ist in Figur 1 dargestellt, der geschilderte detaillierte optische Aufbau ist in Figur 2 wiedergegeben.The flow diagram of a measuring process is shown in FIG. 1, the detailed optical structure described is shown in FIG. 2.
Für dieses Experiment wird Laser mit einer Wellenlänge von 785 nm benutzt. Eine mit Partikeln beladene Oberfläche wird mit einem Laserstrahl 1 bestrahlt und gleichzeitig mit Hilfe einer Verschiebeeinheit (nicht dargestellt) schrittweise in der x-y-Ebene in 0.5 μm Schritten bewegt. Das Laserlicht 1 wird über ein Bandpassfilter 2 mit Hilfe eines Spiegels 3 und eines Strahlteilers 4 in ein Mikroskop 5 eingekoppelt und mit einem SLWD-Objektiv 5' auf die Oberfläche des Probentragers 6 fokussiert. Das gestreute Licht wird mit einer Sonde 7 in etwa 45° mit einem Winkelbereich von etwa 16° bis 74° abgenommen und mit einer Photodiode 8 aufgezeichnet. Eine Änderung der Streulichtintensitat zeigt die Anwesenheit eines gesuchten Partikels P an. Das weitere Bewegen der Verschiebeeinheit wird unterbrochen. Das Objektiv 5' wird mit Hilfe eines weiteren Verschiebetisches in y-Richtung positioniert, wobei das reflektierte Licht mit einer Diode 9 detektiert wird. Ist die Position der maximalen Intensität erreicht, befindet sich das Partikel P im optimalen Fokusbereich. Das rückgestreute Licht vom Probenträger 6 wird durch dasselbe Objektiv 5' gesammelt, in eine Faser 10 eingekoppelt, die Erregerwellenlänge mit einem Notch-Filter 11 herausgefiltert. Schließlich wird das inelastisch gestreute Licht in einem Raman-Spektrometer 12 spektral aufgespalten und die Ramanlinien mit einem Detektor (nicht dargestellt) aufgezeichnet. Über RS232 wird ein Signal gesandt, um die Raman-Messung des Partikels P zu starten. Hierzu wird der Dunkelstrom gemessen. Dazu wird der Laser durch einen Shutter ausgeblendet und nach der gewählten Integrationszeit eingeblendet und der Empfänger initialisiert. Nach der voreingestellten Integrationszeit wird das erhaltene Spektrum in einem Steuerungsrechner 16 vorverarbeitet, dann mit den in der Datenbank vorhandenen Spektren verglichen und als Ergebnis die Substanz, aus dem der Partikel besteht, angezeigt. Gleichzeitig wird das Gerät für einen erneuten Messzyklus freigegeben.Laser with a wavelength of 785 nm is used for this experiment. A surface loaded with particles is irradiated with a laser beam 1 and, at the same time, is moved step by step in the xy plane in 0.5 μm steps using a displacement unit (not shown). The laser light 1 is coupled into a microscope 5 by means of a bandpass filter 2 with the aid of a mirror 3 and a beam splitter 4 and is focused on the surface of the sample carrier 6 with an SLWD objective 5 '. The scattered light is picked up with a probe 7 in approximately 45 ° with an angular range of approximately 16 ° to 74 ° and recorded with a photodiode 8. A change in the scattered light intensity indicates the presence of a searched particle P. The further movement of the displacement unit is interrupted. The objective 5 'is positioned in the y direction with the aid of a further displacement table, the reflected light being detected by a diode 9. If the position of the maximum intensity is reached, the particle P is in the optimal focus range. The backscattered light from the sample carrier 6 is collected by the same objective 5 ′, coupled into a fiber 10, and the excitation wavelength is filtered out with a notch filter 11. Finally, the inelastically scattered light is spectrally split in a Raman spectrometer 12 and the Raman lines are recorded with a detector (not shown). A signal is sent via RS232 to start the Raman measurement of particle P. For this purpose, the dark current is measured. For this purpose, the laser is faded out by a shutter and faded in after the selected integration time and the receiver is initialized. After the preset integration time, the spectrum obtained is preprocessed in a control computer 16, then compared with the spectra present in the database, and the result, the substance from which the particle is made, is displayed. At the same time, the device is released for a new measuring cycle.
Die Funktionsweise des partikelsensitiven Streulichtes lässt sich anhand der folgenden Herleitung erklären. Ausgehend von der Mie-Theorie wurde die Streuung an einem einzelnen Teilchen auf einer glatten metallischen Oberfläche unter folgenden Vorgaben zur Darstellung der Partikelselektivität im definierten Winkelbereich berechnet:The functioning of the particle-sensitive scattered light can be explained on the basis of the following derivation. Based on Mie theory, the scattering on a single particle on a smooth metallic surface was calculated under the following conditions to represent the particle selectivity in the defined angular range:
1. paralleles senkrecht einfallendes unpolarisiertes Licht der Wellenlänge 532 nm1. parallel perpendicularly incident unpolarized light of the wavelength 532 nm
2. Unterlage: glattes Aluminium2. Base: smooth aluminum
3. Teilchensubstanz: Diamant3. Particle substance: diamond
Als Ergebnis wurde die Abhängigkeit der Streuungsintensität vom Streuungswinkel 7(Θ) gewonnen.As a result, the dependence of the scattering intensity on the scattering angle 7 (Θ) was obtained.
Diese Berechnungen wurden für Teilchengrößen von d = 0.5 bis 4.5 μm in 0.05-μm-Schhtten durchgeführt. Danach wurde die winkelabhängige Intensität über zwei verschiedene Raumwinkelbereiche integriert, welche ziemlich genau den erfindungsgemäßen gerätetechnischen Gegebenheiten entsprechen:These calculations were carried out for particle sizes from d = 0.5 to 4.5 μm in 0.05 μm layers. The angle-dependent intensity was then integrated over two different solid angle ranges, which correspond almost exactly to the device-technical circumstances according to the invention:
Achse im Winkel von Θm = 45° gegen die Oberflächenormale geneigt, Öffnungswinkel der Faser: 2 dΘ = 57.4°;Axis inclined at an angle of Θ m = 45 ° to the surface normal, opening angle of the fiber: 2 dΘ = 57.4 °;
Das ergibt folgenden Bereich für Streuungswinkel und Azimut: Θ = Θ1...Θ2 mit Θi = Θm - dΘ = 16.3° und Θ2 = Θm + dΘ = 73.7° und φ = φ-)... φ2 mit ψι = -dΘ und φ2 = +dΘ ;This gives the following range for the scatter angle and azimuth: Θ = Θ 1 ... Θ 2 with Θi = Θ m - dΘ = 16.3 ° and Θ 2 = Θ m + dΘ = 73.7 ° and φ = φ -) ... φ 2 with ψι = -dΘ and φ 2 = + dΘ;
Der entsprechende Raumwinkel beträgt 0.77 sr.The corresponding solid angle is 0.77 sr.
Das entsprechende Oberflächenintegral über die seitlich angeordnete Kugelkappe lautet dann:The corresponding surface integral over the laterally arranged spherical cap is then:
p Faser = (2)
Figure imgf000010_0001
wobei φ (Θ) = - φ2 (Θ) die obere und untere Begrenzung des Bereiches auf der Kugeloberfläche darstellt:
p F aser = (2)
Figure imgf000010_0001
where φ (Θ) = - φ 2 (Θ) represents the upper and lower limit of the area on the spherical surface:
2 cos(Θ) cos(Θm ) - 1 - cos2 (dΘ)2 cos (Θ) cos (Θ m ) - 1 - cos 2 (dΘ)
#>,(Θ) = 7r-arccos (3) 2sin(Θ)sin(Θm)#>, (Θ) = 7r-arccos (3) 2sin (Θ) sin (Θ m )
Die Stärke des Streusignals nimmt von 0.5 auf 5.0 μm um etwa den Faktor 25 zu, was etwa einer quadratischen Abhängigkeit entspricht und ausreichend für die Differenzierung unterschiedlicher Partikelgrößen anhand der Streulichtintensitat im angegebenen Winkelbereich ist.The strength of the scatter signal increases from 0.5 to 5.0 μm by a factor of 25, which corresponds approximately to a quadratic dependence and is sufficient for differentiating different particle sizes based on the scattered light intensity in the specified angular range.
In den Fig. 3a, 3b ist das Ergebnis der Partikelanalyse einer ca. 25 x 50 μm Fläche, die mit 3-5 μm großen Diamantsplittern beladen ist, dargestellt. Die relative Position der Partikel zueinander ist dem Photo der Figur 3a zu entnehmen. Die Messpositionen, an denen eine Partikelmessung stattgefunden hat, bezeichnen die weißen Quadrate in Figur 3b. Die Messzeit pro Partikel betrug ca. 5 s. Ein Diamantspektrum ist exemplarisch in Figur 4 zu sehen. Von dieser Messung ist abzuleiten, dass die Partikelerkennung die auf der Oberfläche liegenden Partikel registriert und sehr schnell spektroskopisch erfasst.FIGS. 3a, 3b show the result of the particle analysis of an approximately 25 × 50 μm area which is loaded with 3-5 μm diamond chips. The relative position of the particles to one another can be seen in the photo in FIG. 3a. The measurement positions at which a particle measurement took place designate the white squares in FIG. 3b. The measurement time per particle was approx. 5 s. An example of a diamond spectrum can be seen in FIG. 4. From this measurement it can be deduced that the particle recognition registers the particles lying on the surface and records them very quickly spectroscopically.
Die reine Scanzeit für die betrachtete Oberfläche betrug ca. 10 s. Die Messzeit für die 27 Messpunkte betrug 2 min 15 s. The pure scanning time for the surface under consideration was approx. 10 s. The measurement time for the 27 measurement points was 2 min 15 s.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur automatisierten Erkennung, spektroskopischen Analyse und Identifizierung von Partikeln, insbesondere partikulären Verunreinigungen, bei dem ein Laserstrahl über die Oberfläche eines Probentragers, auf dem Partikel abgeschieden wurden, gescannt und die Streulichtintensitat kontinuierlich gemessen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die spektroskopische Analyse und Identifizierung der Partikel nur partikel- und/oder größensensitives Streulicht in einem definierten Winkelbereich relativ zur Trägeroberfläche detektiert wird.1. A method for automated detection, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles, in particular particulate contamination, in which a laser beam is scanned over the surface of a sample carrier on which particles have been deposited and the scattered light intensity is measured continuously, characterized in that for the spectroscopic analysis and identification of the particles, only particle- and / or size-sensitive scattered light is detected in a defined angular range relative to the carrier surface.
2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer auf ein Partikel hinweisenden Änderung in der Streulichtintensitat eine Unterbrechung des Scanvorganges bewirkt wird, um den Laserfokus exakt auf das ermittelte Partikel zu positionieren und ein durch die partikel- und/oder größensensitive Streulichtänderung getriggertes Signal die Spektralanalyse startet und nach einer voreingestellten Integrationszeit der Scanvorgang erneut in Gang gesetzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the event of a change in the scattered light intensity indicating a particle, an interruption of the scanning process is effected in order to position the laser focus exactly on the determined particle and a triggered by the particle and / or size-sensitive scattered light change Signal the spectral analysis starts and after a preset integration time the scanning process is started again.
3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer auf ein Partikel hinweisenden Änderung in der Streulichtintensitat eine Speicherung der Partikelposition für eine automatische Analyse nach Ab- schluss des Scanvorgangs bewirkt wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the event of a change in the scattered light intensity indicating a particle, the particle position is stored for automatic analysis after the completion of the scanning process.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gestreute Licht in ungefähr 45° mit einem Winkelbereich von ungefähr 16° bis 74° detektiert wird.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the scattered light is detected in approximately 45 ° with an angular range of approximately 16 ° to 74 °.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spektralanalyse mittels Raman-Spektroskopie durchgeführt wird. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spectral analysis is carried out by means of Raman spectroscopy.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die Spektralanalyse das inelastisch gestreute Licht mit Hilfe eines Filters von seinem elastischen Streulichtanteil befreit, in einem Spektrometer spektral zerlegt und mit einem Detektor detektiert wird.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the spectral analysis, the inelastically scattered light is freed of its elastic scattered light component with the aid of a filter, spectrally broken down in a spectrometer and detected with a detector.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bei der Spektralanalyse erhaltenen Daten automatisch an einen Steuerungsrechner gesendet, dort verarbeitet und anschließend mit den Daten einer Datenbank verglichen und die Ergebnisse ausgegeben werden. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data obtained in the spectral analysis is automatically sent to a control computer, processed there and then compared with the data in a database and the results are output.
PCT/EP2002/005779 2001-05-31 2002-05-24 Method for the automated recognition, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles WO2002097409A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10292357T DE10292357D2 (en) 2001-05-31 2002-05-24 Process for automated detection, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10127538 2001-05-31
DE10127538.2 2001-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002097409A1 true WO2002097409A1 (en) 2002-12-05

Family

ID=7687430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2002/005779 WO2002097409A1 (en) 2001-05-31 2002-05-24 Method for the automated recognition, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10292357D2 (en)
WO (1) WO2002097409A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004008762A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-09-08 Erwin Kayser-Threde Gmbh Identifying bioparticles comprises locating an individual particle on a substrate; irradiating a particle with a laser to form Raman spectrum; and comparing the formed Raman spectra with Raman spectra of different particles
WO2008020343A2 (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Primus Special Projects (Pty) Ltd A sorter
NL1039263C2 (en) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-26 Zevenaar Elektronica & Sensoren B V DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COUNTING AND MEASURING PARTICLES.
EP1904826B1 (en) * 2005-07-14 2019-02-20 Battelle Memorial Institute Systems and methods for biological and chemical detection
CN110346042A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-10-18 南京邮电大学 A kind of multisensor stray light elimination spectrometer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0056426A2 (en) * 1980-10-08 1982-07-28 Firma Carl Zeiss Device for the presentation of parameters of a sample
US4766324A (en) * 1987-08-07 1988-08-23 Tencor Instruments Particle detection method including comparison between sequential scans
DE4111903A1 (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-15 Bayer Ag SPECTROSCOPY-CORRECTED LIGHT-SCREEN MICROSCOPY
EP0685731A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Positioning method and analysis method of fine foreign matter and analyzer used therefor
DE19946110C1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-02-01 Apsys Advanced Particle System Optical particle characterisation method for clean room for electronics industry has sampled air fed to light dispersion measuring device triggering particle identification unit using monochromatic light

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0056426A2 (en) * 1980-10-08 1982-07-28 Firma Carl Zeiss Device for the presentation of parameters of a sample
US4766324A (en) * 1987-08-07 1988-08-23 Tencor Instruments Particle detection method including comparison between sequential scans
DE4111903A1 (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-15 Bayer Ag SPECTROSCOPY-CORRECTED LIGHT-SCREEN MICROSCOPY
EP0685731A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Positioning method and analysis method of fine foreign matter and analyzer used therefor
DE19946110C1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-02-01 Apsys Advanced Particle System Optical particle characterisation method for clean room for electronics industry has sampled air fed to light dispersion measuring device triggering particle identification unit using monochromatic light

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004008762A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-09-08 Erwin Kayser-Threde Gmbh Identifying bioparticles comprises locating an individual particle on a substrate; irradiating a particle with a laser to form Raman spectrum; and comparing the formed Raman spectra with Raman spectra of different particles
DE102004008762B4 (en) * 2004-02-23 2006-10-12 Erwin Kayser-Threde Gmbh Method and device for detecting and identifying bioparticles
EP1904826B1 (en) * 2005-07-14 2019-02-20 Battelle Memorial Institute Systems and methods for biological and chemical detection
WO2008020343A2 (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Primus Special Projects (Pty) Ltd A sorter
WO2008020343A3 (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-04-24 Primus Special Projects Pty Lt A sorter
NL1039263C2 (en) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-26 Zevenaar Elektronica & Sensoren B V DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COUNTING AND MEASURING PARTICLES.
CN110346042A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-10-18 南京邮电大学 A kind of multisensor stray light elimination spectrometer
CN110346042B (en) * 2019-08-01 2022-03-08 南京邮电大学 Multi-sensor stray light elimination spectrometer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10292357D2 (en) 2004-07-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102004029212B4 (en) Apparatus and method for optical inspection and / or transmitted light inspection of microstructures in the IR
JP5864559B2 (en) System and method for judging slide quality of digitized microscope slide
DE102004029012B4 (en) Method for inspecting a wafer
EP2411787B1 (en) Apparatus for determining particle sizes
DE60128721T2 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FLUORESCENCE LUMINESCENCE MEASUREMENT
DE3048053C2 (en)
DE102010026351B4 (en) Method and apparatus for inspecting a semiconductor wafer
DE19916749B4 (en) Procedure for examining samples
DE102009000528B4 (en) Inspection device and method for the optical examination of object surfaces, in particular of wafer surfaces
EP0904558A2 (en) Confocal microscopic device
DE19749331A1 (en) Method of detecting objects on motor vehicle windscreen
Bollmann et al. Automated particle analysis: calcareous microfossils
EP1625388A1 (en) Method and device for optically controlling the quality of objects having a preferably circular edge
DE10083372B4 (en) Method for examining the surface of semiconductor wafers
DE102017107857A1 (en) Fluid cell for microscopic imaging and Ramspectroscopic material analysis of particle suspensions
DE102004008762B4 (en) Method and device for detecting and identifying bioparticles
WO2002097409A1 (en) Method for the automated recognition, spectroscopic analysis and identification of particles
DE102021105946A1 (en) Measuring device and method for measuring roughness and/or defects on a surface
DE19804370A1 (en) Method and device for detecting the surface condition of a wafer
DE102008028869A1 (en) Method and device for inspecting a disk-shaped object
EP1678544A1 (en) Method for analysing a sample and microscope for evanescently illuminating the sample
DE10323139A1 (en) Method and device for high-resolution fault finding and classification
DE60115064T2 (en) ANALYZING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LIQUID SUBSTANCES
DE102008001171B4 (en) Inspection system and method for the optical examination of object edges, in particular wafer edges
WO2003009043A2 (en) Microscope lens arrangement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REF Corresponds to

Ref document number: 10292357

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20040701

Kind code of ref document: P

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 10292357

Country of ref document: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: JP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8607