WO2002101573A2 - Modular server architecture - Google Patents
Modular server architecture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002101573A2 WO2002101573A2 PCT/US2002/018930 US0218930W WO02101573A2 WO 2002101573 A2 WO2002101573 A2 WO 2002101573A2 US 0218930 W US0218930 W US 0218930W WO 02101573 A2 WO02101573 A2 WO 02101573A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- server
- midplane
- media
- interfaces
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
- H05K7/1438—Back panels or connecting means therefor; Terminals; Coding means to avoid wrong insertion
- H05K7/1439—Back panel mother boards
- H05K7/1445—Back panel mother boards with double-sided connections
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/18—Packaging or power distribution
- G06F1/183—Internal mounting support structures, e.g. for printed circuit boards, internal connecting means
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to computer server systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to computer server systems having a modular architecture.
- IP Internet Protocol
- ASPs Next generation Application Service Providers
- e-mail is the number one selling ASP package.
- IP service is the revenue generator.
- a data center hosts the ASP's IP service, and somewhere, a backbone network provider is selling bandwidth to the data center operator.
- server systems have poor reliability relative to the large number of units installed, which may range from the hundreds to the thousands, and as a result have high maintenance and operational costs. With today's skyrocketing real estate costs, it is an important consideration for data centers to efficiently use the floor space available for the server systems. Moreover, server systems are generally very cumbersome and time consuming to deploy and repair, and the costs associated with the time it takes to deploy or repair a server also makes a significant impact on the bottom line for a data center operator. Therefore, there is a need for a compact, high-density, rapidly-deployable, high- availability server system having simplified management and serviceability, and unlimited scalability. The server system would provide higher revenues for data center operators, top-of-the-line performance, and cost savings.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a modular server system according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 illustrates a first side view of a modular server system according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 3 illustrates a second side view of a modular server system according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a modular server system according to another embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 5 illustrates a server blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 illustrates a media blade having a connection with a server blade via a midplane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a modular server system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the modular server system 100 is provided for Web hosting and ASPs requiring server solutions with carrier-class availability, reliability, and scalability.
- Carrier-class systems have features that are more demanding than enterprise-grade systems, such as "high availability" (HA), high dependability and redundancy.
- Carrier- class systems are typically used in business-critical applications including telecommunications and data communications where system up-time is crucial.
- high availability servers are redundant servers that achieve 99.999% up-time, often referred to as "five nines”.
- the midplane 170 which may be a PC-style circuit board having a plurality of blade interfaces 420 (see Fig. 4) providing a common interconnect for all modules connected thereto.
- the blade interfaces 420 are in electrical communication with each other and with the system management bus (discussed below) of the midplane 170.
- the midplane 170 is preferably based on a CompactPCI form factor (CompactPCI Specification, PICMG 2.0, Version 2.1, by the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) Industrial Computer Manufactures Group (PICMG)), wherein the blade interfaces 420 are CompactPCI slots or connectors.
- a CompactPCI form factor CompactPCI Specification, PICMG 2.0, Version 2.1, by the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) Industrial Computer Manufactures Group (PICMG)
- CompactPCI utilizes the Eurocard form factor popularized by the "Versa Module Europa” (VME) bus having standard Eurocard dimensions and high-density 2mm pin-and-socket connectors.
- VME Very Module Europa
- a blade is generally a mother board or a single board computer (SBC) having a central processing unit (CPU). Although it is preferable that each server blade 110 have a corresponding media blade 120, it is not a requirement, as multiple server blades 110 may share a single media blade 120, and vice versa.
- the network (such as the local area network) becomes the primary interconnect between the blades 110, 150. Server blades 110 and media blades 150 are discussed in further detail below.
- the switch blades 120 are also adapted to support up to four switch blades 120 for complete system network (e.g., Ethernet) switching and N+l redundancy.
- the switch blades 120 have twenty 10/100 Base-T auto-negotiating ports and support 4,096 Media Access Controller (MAC) addresses.
- MAC Media Access Controller
- sixteen of them are assigned to one Ethernet channel from the system's 100 midplane 170 (connected to all sixteen server blades 110, as illustrated in the example in Fig. 1), and the remaining four ports are accessible through RJ-45 (Ethernet) connectors, for example, on the switch blade's 120 face plate.
- RJ-45 Errnet
- Data packets are preferably buffered in the switch blade 120 so that Ethernet collisions do not occur on any channel, and a full-managed Layer 3 / 4 switch may provide Quality of Service (QoS) control, while in all cases a non-block switch fabric with sufficient bandwidth to prevent packet loss is recommended.
- QoS Quality of Service
- two switch blades 120 are utilized for a fully-functional modular server system 100, and additional switch blades 120 may be added for high availability redundancy.
- a system 100 with four switch blades 120 for example, one can be assigned to Ethernet channel A for system management traffic, and another to channel B for Web traffic, while the remaining two may be placed in standby mode for hardware and/or software fail-over capability.
- up to six load sharing power supplies 130 may be connected to the midplane 170 to provide power to the modules of the server system 100.
- These power supplies 130 e.g., 150W power supplies
- Up to two power (AC/DC) inputs 140 may be connected to the midplane 170 to provide input power to the modular server system 100.
- a removable fan tray with cooling fans 160 may be utilized to provide cooling air flow within the modular server system 100 to cool the modules therein.
- the removable fan tray 160 may include up to six fans for N+l redundancy.
- the power supplies 130 and the cooling fans 160 of the modular server system 100 may be shared by the server blades 110 and media blades 150 within the modular server system 100 (i.e., each server blade 110 or media blade 150 need not have its own power supply or cooling fan). The sharing of the power supplies 130 and cooling fans 160 provides a more efficient use of the resources of the modular server system 100 and minimizes space. Fig.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a first side view of a modular server system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- up to sixteen server blades 110 may be accommodated by the modular server system 100 at its first side.
- Two switch blades 120 such as 20-port Ethernet switches, may be accommodated on the first side of the modular server system 100.
- Up to four power supplies 130 may be accommodated on the first side of the modular server system
- the removable fan tray 160 may also be installed and removed from the first side of the modular server system 100.
- Mounting flanges 210 on the modular server system 100 allow for front, mid, or rear rack mounting.
- Fig. 3 illustrates a second side view of a modular server system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- up to sixteen media blades 150 may be accommodated by the modular server system 100 at its second side.
- Two switch blades 120 may be also accommodated on the second side of the modular server system 100.
- Up to two power supplies 130 and two power inputs 140 may be accommodated on the second side of the modular server system 100 as well.
- a power switch 310 for the modular server system 400 may also be provided on the second side.
- a rear removable fan tray 320 may also be installed and removed from the second side of the modular server system 100.
- the server blades 110 and media blades 150 are preferably connected to the midplane 170 at opposite sides, that is not a requirement.
- the midplane 170 may be configured so that the server blades 110 and media blades 150 are connectable to the midplane 170 on the same side.
- Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a modular server system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the modular server system 400 in Fig. 4 is adapted to accommodate up to four server blades 410, and up to four media blades 450.
- a chassis 440 may be provided to enclose the modular server system 400.
- the midplane 470 provides a common interconnect for all modules connected thereto, including the server blades 410 and media blades 450.
- up to three power supplies 430 may be accommodated by the modular server system 400.
- a cooling fan system 460 is also provided to provide cooling air flow to the modules of the server system 400.
- the server blade 410 connected to the midplane 470 may include a 500 MHz Intel Pentium III processor 480, 256 KB on-die L2 cache, and a 256 MB error correcting coded (ECC) synchronous- dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) 490.
- ECC error correcting coded
- SDRAM synchronous- dynamic random access memory
- any suitable central processing unit (CPU) and memory devices may be utilized.
- Fig. 5 illustrates a server blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the server blade 500 is preferably a telecom-style CPU board designed to work as a modular component of the server system 100 (see Fig. 1).
- the server blade 500 is paired up with a media blade 150, the combination becomes an independent server within the modular server system 100, and therefore the modular server system 100 itself may house a plurality of independent servers.
- the server blade 500 is designed according to the CompactPCI form factor.
- the Compact PCI form factor is an industry standard that provides a rugged, modular, high performance platform for the server blade 500. However, any suitable interface standard may be utilized, though.
- the CompactPCI form factor also enables "hot swap" functionality in a multi-server environment of the modular server system 100, meaning that the server blade 500 may be replaceable (removed from or installed into the modular server system 100) without powering down the entire system (CompactPCI Hot Swap Specification, PICMG 2.1, Version 1.0, by the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) Industrial Computer Manufactures Group (PICMG)). Hot swapping allows a faster mean time to repair (MTTR) for damaged components or modules, such as field replaceable units (like server blades 110, media blades 150, power supplies 130, and the fan tray 160), within the modular server system 100.
- MTTR mean time to repair
- the server blade 500 illustratively includes a CPU 516, such as the Intel Pentium III processor mobile module.
- the Pentium III processor module contains a power supply for the processor's unique voltage requirements, a temperature sensor, a system memory (L2 cache), and core logic required to bridge the processor to the standard system buses.
- the server blade 500 incorporates a system management bus, in communication with the system management bus of the midplane, for access to system-wide monitoring and alarming functions.
- the system management bus allows the server blade 500 (e.g., one server blade 500 may be designated as the Active Manager utilizing server system management software) to communicate with the midplane 170 system management bus to monitor the midplane 170 and the modules (e.g., the server blades 110, media blades 150) connected thereto, to monitor on-board operating voltages and temperatures, and can be further configured to "trip" an alarm if thresholds are exceeded.
- server blade 500 e.g., one server blade 500 may be designated as the Active Manager utilizing server system management software
- the modules e.g., the server blades 110, media blades 150
- the server blade 500 illustrated in the example of Fig. 5 also includes a pair of network interfaces 506, 507.
- dual Ethernet ports 506, 507 are provided.
- the Ethernet interfaces 506, 507 may utilize the Ethernet Express Pro 100 compatible, Intel 82559 Fast Ethernet Multifunction PCI Controller.
- the 82559 controller includes both the Media Access Controller (MAC) and the physical layer (PHY) interface combined into a single component solution.
- the network interfaces 506, 507 may be RJ-45 connectors on the faceplate of the server blade 500, and the faceplate may also include status LEDs 504 to indicate the status of each channel.
- Semiconductor memory 510 is preferably utilized by the server blade 500 for local memory, such as a SDRAM dual-inline memory module (DIMM).
- the SDRAM utilized is error correcting coded (ECC), which corrects single bit errors and reports multiple bit errors to the operating system.
- ECC error correcting coded
- the server blade 500 may also provide on-board flash memory 512 for storing the system basic input/output system (BIOS), and for use as a solid-state disk.
- BIOS system basic input/output system
- SRAM static random access memory
- the server blade 500 preferably includes interrupt controllers 526, such as 8259- style controllers, which provide support for level-triggered and edge-triggered inputs, individual input masking, and fixed and rotating priorities.
- a push-button reset/abort button 503 may also be provided to allow a user to reset the server blade 500.
- a keyboard/mouse connector 501 allows a user to connect a keyboard or mouse to the server blade 500 for interaction therewith.
- a video output plug 505, such as a VGA connector may be provided to allow connection to a monitor for video output.
- a universal serial bus (USB) 508 connector may also be provided to allow the server blade 500 to connect to other devices (e.g., portable optical disc drives, hard disk drives, etc.) as required.
- USB universal serial bus
- the server blade 500 may include a serial port 502, such as a 16C550 PC- compatible serial port, on the front panel.
- a real-time clock 534 with battery power 532 is preferably provided on the server blade 500 to perform timekeeping functions, such as alarm, maskable periodic interrupt, and calendaring.
- a watchdog timer 528 may be optionally provided to monitor system operation and to be programmable for a number of timeout periods.
- a two-stage watchdog timer is utilized, that is, it can be enabled to produce a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) before it generates a Reset Request. Therefore, failure to strobe the watchdog timer within the programmed time period may result in an NMI, a Reset Request, or both.
- NMI non-maskable interrupt
- a register is set if the watchdog timer caused the reset event. This watchdog timer is cleared only on power-up, enabling system software to take appropriate action on reboot.
- An input/output expansion connector 514 may be provided in the server blade 500 to allow expansion for interfacing with a storage medium, flash memory, etc.
- Fig. 6 illustrates a media blade having a connection with a server blade via a midplane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the media blade 150 is a modular component of the modular server system 100, primarily adapted to carry a mass storage medium device such as a hard disk drive, as a companion to the server blade 110.
- the media blade 150 may also accommodate any other media devices, such as a graphics processing device, an audio processing device, a streaming media processing device, etc.
- the media blade 150 is adapted to support up to two 2.5 inch or 3.5 inch Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) hard disk drives 610, 620.
- IDE Integrated Drive Electronics
- the media blade 150 may support any type or number of hard disk drives that are or may become available, of different interface types, and the media blade 150 may contain other processors and devices that provide Redundant Array of Independent Discs (RAID) functionality, and may interconnect with the PCI bus of the corresponding server blade 110. Logically, the media blade 150 may lie on the server blade's 110 secondary IDE channel.
- the hard disk drives 610, 620 are preferably jumpered for Cable Select (CSEL), a feature that allows CSEL jumpered hard disk drives to automatically assume Drive 0/Drive 1 (Master/Slave) identities when cabled to the appropriate headers on the media blade 150.
- the Cable Select feature is built into the printed circuit board (PCB) and not the IDE cables (the cables are identical to one another and provide pin-to-pin contact at each lead).
- the midplane input/output connector 650 of the media blade 150 is a CompactPCI form factor interface adapted for connection with a blade interface of the midplane 170.
- the server blade 110 may include midplane connectors 660, 670, 680 that are CompactPCI form factor interfaces adapted for connection with a blade interface of the midplane 170.
- the secondary IDE channel 640 for communication between the media blade 150 and the server blade 110 through the midplane 170, or may make use of the CompactPCI bus.
- the media blade 150 includes power sequencing circuitry 630 that causes the hard disk drives 610, 620 to power up in sequence. This procedure avoids overloading the system with excessive current demands when the hard disk drives' 610, 620 spindle motors start up.
- the modular server system 100 provides a compact, modular, efficient, and powerful multi-server system that is highly reliable and easy to maintain.
- the high density of the modular server system 100 reduces real estate costs, and the modular nature of its field replaceable units allows repairs and replacements to be performed quickly and easily.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02739886A EP1410156A2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-06-13 | Modular server architecture |
AU2002312507A AU2002312507A1 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-06-13 | Modular server architecture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/880,403 US6950895B2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | Modular server architecture |
US09/880,403 | 2001-06-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002101573A2 true WO2002101573A2 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
WO2002101573A3 WO2002101573A3 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2002/018930 WO2002101573A2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2002-06-13 | Modular server architecture |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6950895B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1410156A2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1259607C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002312507A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW563033B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002101573A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1259607C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
EP1410156A2 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
US20020194412A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
WO2002101573A3 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
AU2002312507A1 (en) | 2002-12-23 |
US6950895B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 |
TW563033B (en) | 2003-11-21 |
CN1541353A (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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