DEVICE AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to devices and methods for the irrigation, more precisely the invention refers to a device and a method for automatic irrigation of gardens, kitchen gardens, balconies and agriculture.
BACKGROUND ART
There are known automatic irrigation devices essentially constituted by a control unit, which controls an irrigation valve hydraulically fed by the waterworks. The unit, includes a timer which controls the frequency and the opening and closing times of the delivering valve on the base of the time regulations which have to be preventively set and stored therein. Said time settings depend on a plurality of features such as the irrigation typology, the plant configuration, the season, the typical climatic conditions of the area to be irrigated, which must be known and correctly taken in consideration by an operator adjusting the device.
The main drawback of said known devices and methods consists in that the irrigation times and the frequency of the plant must be manually set and changed, by directly operating on the unit interface, often located in remote and narrow positions, difficult or dangerous to be reached.
Other drawback is that the irrigation time setting must be modified at least at each change of season or environmental conditions and it requires the work of a qualified operator.
Further drawback consists in that the aforesaid setting parameters can be modified manually only by the operator and not automatically by the control unit, for instance in consequence of changed meteorological and climatic conditions.
Other drawback of the known devices also consists in the weakness of the control units, which must be carefully sheltered and protected, to guarantee their correct operation and life.
Further drawback of the known devices consists in that they require the network electric supply
feeding, causing risks of short-circuits and electrocution.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to propose a device suitable to be remotely set and started by an also inexperienced user, guaranteeing the maximum convenience and precision of irrigation and which does not require following adjustment operation by the user.
Other object is to propose a device and an accurate method, fit for irrigating automatically and optimally the crops and without requiring an experienced or qualified operator.
Other object is to propose a device and a method suitable for adjusting, and automatically modifying, the base settings according to the climatic and meteorological changes to which the plant can be subject and suitable for irrigating a liquid composed by water in which fertilizers or other products are mixed for the growing.
Further object is to propose a device provided with independent supply at low voltage and consequently safe for things, animals and people and which is accurate, robust and reliable, fit to be installed anywhere and to work in any climatic condition and which can modify the irrigation according to the forecasts of the atmospheric weather.
The above-mentioned objects are achieved according to the content of the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The characteristics of the invention are underlined in the following with particular reference to the attached drawings, in which:
figure 1 shows a partial schematic view of the irrigation device object of the present invention; - figure 2 shows a section view of fittings means of figure 1 ; figure 3 shows a schematic view of a variant of the figure 1 device.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
With reference to figure 1, numeral 1 indicates the device of automatic irrigation, object of the present
invention, essentially including an electric operated valve 30, having a body 11 and of fittings means 10 for ducts 62 of the irrigation liquid, a digital control unit 40 provided for driving the valve 30, a remote control mean 45, environment sensor means 50 included in the unit 40 and communication means 43 for transmitting data from the remote control mean 45 and from the environment sensor means 50 to the unit 40.
The ducts 62 feed the irrigation liquid to a plurality of irrigators fit to irrigate the ground.
The irrigators, known and not shown, can be of static, rain, drip-feed, percolation, dripping pipe type or of dynamic type, for instance, swinging jet type, with regard to the kind of ground, cultivation, for instance in open field, in pot or in greenhouse, and with regard to the kind of environment, agricultural, domestic, parks and gardens.
The electric supply of the control unit 40 and of the valve 30 solenoid is at low voltage provided by known and not shown means consisting of a set of batteries or rechargeable accumulators, recharged by photovoltaic cells or by a sealed power supply.
The control unit 40 is fixed to the body 11 of the valve 30 and includes first storage means 44 consisting in digital memories for recording and storing parameters, operational data and calculation algorithms of the irrigation time according to said operational data. The unit 40 also has elaboration means 60 consisting of a microprocessor for executing said algorithms.
Furthermore the unit 40 can include a first graphic display 41 consisting of a LCD screen for the displaying the operational data and the device 1 state and a first alphanumeric keyboard 42 for the operational data and control input, for instance in case of breakdown or unavailability of the remote control mean 45.
The latter consists substantially consists of a remote control provided with a second graphic display 65 and a second alphanumeric keyboard 66 respectively for displaying and entering numerical or symbolic operational data, and activation and deactivation commands of the device 1 or parts thereof.
The environment sensor means 50, fixed to the unit 40, includes a temperature environment sensor
46, an hygrometric sensor 48 to sense the humidity, a pluviometric sensor 47 fit to provide the instantaneous rain intensity, a barometric sensor 49 to sense the atmospheric pressure variations and eventually the device altitude, an anemometric sensor 51 to measure the wind intensity and a sensor
of solar irradiation 52 to measure the light exposure and the sky overcast. The communication means 43 include data wirings consisting of conductors for the transmissions from the environment sensor means 50 to the unit 40 and data lines with free propagation of radiation including a first transmitter 70, connected and fixed to the remote control mean 45 and a connection mean 71, consisting of a receiver connected and fixed to the unit 40 at least to receive the data transmitted by the first transmitter 70.
The latter and the connection mean 71 can be of optic type, infrared or in radio frequency to carry out corresponding typologies of data lines.
With reference to the figure 2, the fittings means 10 include a shoulder 14 carried out in correspondence of an end of the fitting 10, a tubular ring nut 17 internally having, at one of its ends, a thread 12 and, at the remaining end, an abutment 13.
An elastic ring 15 is interposed between the shoulder 14 and the abutment 13 preventing the separation of the ring nut 17 from the fitting 10.
A sealing mean 16 interposed between the fitting 10 and the duct 62, guarantees the watertight between these two last.
The fitting means 10 and the body 11 of the valve 30 are made of plastic material or copper alloy or other metal coated by gold or silver color plating.
The operation of the device provides that, in an activation condition, the elaboration means 60 calculate, according to the provided operational data 40 to the unit by the remote control means 45 and by the environment sensor means 50 and through the algorithms, the quantity, the duration and the start schedule of the daily irrigation periods in correspondence of which the unit commands the opening of the valve 30 so allowing the irrigation by means of the irrigators.
It is further provided that the device can have localization means of the type Global Positioning System receiver, usually called by the acronym GPS; data reception means consisting of geographical net connections, for instance Internet, or radio receivers or teletext TV; mixer means controlled by the unit 40 to mix water with fertilizers, amendment phyto medicine to obtain the irrigation liquid. Said, data reception and mixer means, being known, are not shown.
The GPS type localization means is integral with the remote control mean 45 or with the unit 40 to transmit to the latter the geographical location operational data, consisting of latitude, longitude and altitude of the device 1, automatically without needing an operator involvement.
The reception means are connected to the unit 40 to communicate to the latter data for the variation of the irrigation periods and for instance regarding the weather forecasted in the area of device 1 installation. The data, in digital format, can be for instance transmitted to the reception means via Internet, through broadcasting on specific frequencies or in TV bands in teletext format.
The mixer means are controlled by the unit 40 to mix up the water, from the waterworks or locally extracted, with fertilizers and/or amendments and/or phyto medicines taken out from respective containers in order to obtain the irrigation liquid.
In the variant of figure 3 the environment sensors 50 are separate from the unit 40 and they transmit the related signals to the unit through communication means 43 and the device 1 includes a plurality of valve means 75, direct operated with bistable solenoid, controlled by the unit 40 through the communication means 43.
In this variant, these last means 43 include data lines provided with, for each environment sensor mean 50 and each valve mean 75, respectively second transmitters 55 and second receivers 36, connected and fixed to the respective means.
The connection mean 71 , connected to the unit 40, is of transceiver type to receive data from the remote control mean 45 and from the environment sensors 50 and to send opening and closing commands to the valve means 75.
It is further provided that the communications between the unit and the remote control mean 45, the environment sensors 50 and the valve means 75 can also be carried out by wirings consisting of, for instance, free and/or canalized electric wires channeled of resistant to the environment conditions of the installation site of the device 1. The wirings can also transmit the electric supply, at low voltage, to the valve means 35 and the environment sensors 50 and they guarantee the communications also in presence of troubles and in absence of propagation.
The operation of this variant differs from that one previously described only in that the unit controls the irrigation also by the valve means 75, independently opening and closing these last ones.
The method of automatic irrigation provides: to enter into an unit 40 of digital type for the control of a valve 30, operational data including at least the date and the geographical position of the plurality of irrigators; - to open through the unit 40 the valve 30 in correspondence of at least a period whose duration is automatically determined by algorithms of the unit 40 according to said operational data.
The method provides to further enter into the unit 40 the local time, the typology and the altitude of said plurality of irrigators, the meteorological tendency, environment conditions in correspondence of the irrigators and provides to determine, through said algorithms, the start time, the quantity and the unitary and general duration of the irrigation periods.
The method provides that said environment conditions include temperature, humidity, raininess, atmospheric pressure, solar irradiation and wind intensity and it provides to cancel the duration of said periods, or to suspend the irrigation, in correspondence of a temperature lower than a respective predetermined value and in correspondence of a humidity or raininess higher than respective predetermined values.
The main advantage of the present invention is to provide a device and a method of automatic irrigation very accurate fit to set automatically the optimal irrigation parameters according to the plant geographical location and thus not requiring an experienced or qualified operator.
Other advantage is to provide a device and a method fit for automatically adjusting and modifying the base settings according to the climatic and meteorological changes to which the plant can be subject.
Further advantage is to provide an accurate, strong and reliable device, fit to be installed anywhere and to work in any climatic condition and any geographic location.
Other advantage is to provide a device fit to be remotely operated and adjusted.