WO2003028358A2 - System and method for the automatic control of video frame rate - Google Patents
System and method for the automatic control of video frame rateInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003028358A2 WO2003028358A2 PCT/IL2002/000785 IL0200785W WO03028358A2 WO 2003028358 A2 WO2003028358 A2 WO 2003028358A2 IL 0200785 W IL0200785 W IL 0200785W WO 03028358 A2 WO03028358 A2 WO 03028358A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- information units
- stream
- unit
- information
- video
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23113—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving housekeeping operations for stored content, e.g. prioritizing content for deletion because of storage space restrictions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19665—Details related to the storage of video surveillance data
- G08B13/19669—Event triggers storage or change of storage policy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19665—Details related to the storage of video surveillance data
- G08B13/19676—Temporary storage, e.g. cyclic memory, buffer storage on pre-alarm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234381—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the temporal resolution, e.g. decreasing the frame rate by frame skipping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
- H04N21/25808—Management of client data
- H04N21/25833—Management of client data involving client hardware characteristics, e.g. manufacturer, processing or storage capabilities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
- H04N21/4334—Recording operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/4402—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
- H04N21/440281—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display by altering the temporal resolution, e.g. by frame skipping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/78—Television signal recording using magnetic recording
- H04N5/781—Television signal recording using magnetic recording on disks or drums
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
- H04N9/7921—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general, to video surveillance and video storage systems and more specifically, to a system and method for automatically controlling the video frame rate of video streams.
- Video frame rate adaptation is required in the video surveillance and storage field to solve several basic implementation issues.
- Surveillance systems require the ability to view video clips either in real time where the data is available substantially simultaneously with an actual recording or off-line by utilizing previously recorded video data, which is typically stored in a local or remote archive.
- the best-known and available communication media for remote video viewing is the Internet. Access to a plurality of video files stored across the Internet is readily provided by substantially any standard computing device. To access, to transfer and to view video via from the Internet does not require specific installations of unique hardware or software components. Standard Web browser utilities, such as the Internet Explorer or the Netscape Navigator, which is typically pre-installed in the majority of computing devices, and similarly pre-installed standard widely available communication devices, such as modems or network interface cards, provide ready accessibility to video images over the Internet.
- Video information archiving requires relatively high storage capacity.
- CCTV Close Circuit Television
- the required storage capacity might become a considerable cost issue.
- Surveillance systems are characterized by the necessity to provide alarm signals and dynamic recording functions for identified events that typically occur at rare instances.
- an event constitutes an electronic trigger generated by some device that senses disturbance in the environment.
- An event might be generated for example, by the opening of a door or a window in the environment under surveillance, which is captured by a movement-sensing device or by a video motion detector.
- the systems monitor a substantially static environment, which does not provide significant event- specific information.
- the surveillance systems operate typically in a "wait-state" during which continuous attempts are made in order to identify critical events. It is imperative that critical events would be recorded and that simultaneously generate an associated alarm signal.
- the recording of the video needs to be performed with the highest possible quality.
- a lower recording rate requiring less storage space, could be activated in order to provide a better trade-off.
- Surveillance systems often require the capability of monitoring the same video source, such as a video camera, where the recording is to be transmitted to several viewers, where each viewer is having its own bandwidth viewing capability in accordance with the respective communication devices, communication lines, location, viewing apparatus and the like.
- the multi-monitoring capability is usually provided via amplifiers, splitters, and coaxial cable routing the signal to the various users.
- video cameras having digital (Web enabled) output typically is model # 2420 manufactured by AXIS Communications of Lund Sweden
- the distribution of the video to several viewers is more problematic.
- One solution might be the use of multi-cast IP massages that are routed to the users that are in the addressee list of the multi-cast massage. The drawback of this solution is that all the users will get the same information rate that will have to be reduced to the lowest common denominator.
- One aspect of the present invention regards a system for the automatic unit rate control of an information units stream, the system comprising an information units stream processor device to receive at information units stream from an information units stream generating device, to selectively control the outputted unit rate of the information units stream and to output the unit rate controlled information unit stream to an information units stream display device.
- the information unit stream processor device further comprises the elements of an inputted information units stream having a pre-defined unit rate and carrying distinct information units; an input handling entity to receive the inputted information units stream and to store selectively the information unit into a storage area; a storage area to hold the information unit received from the input handling entity; an output handling entity to obtain the information unit from the storage area to regulate the unit rate of the information units stream and to output the information units stream; and an information unit rate control mechanism to provide automatic unit rate control in order to regulate the unit rate of the outputted information units stream.
- the information unit stream is inputted from the information units stream generator device.
- the information units stream is outputted to an information unit stream display device.
- the information units stream include rich media.
- the information units stream can be a video stream.
- the information unit can be a video frame.
- the information unit stream generator device can be a surveillance video camera device.
- the information units stream display device can be a surveillance video monitor.
- the information units stream processor device can be a video rate processor device.
- the video rate processor device is operative in the selective unit rate control of a video stream received from a surveillance video camera via the communication media and forwarded to a surveillance video monitor via a communication media.
- the input handling entity can be a standalone hardware device.
- the input handling entity is a software routine implemented in a computing device and running within the processor of the computing device.
- the output handling entity is a standalone hardware device.
- the output handling entity is a software routine implemented in a computing device and running within the processor device of the computing device.
- the unit rate control of the outputted information units stream is further regulated internally by an in-built timing mechanism associated with the output handling entity.
- the unit rate control of the outputted information unit stream is further regulated by the pre-defined characteristics of the output handling entity.
- the unit rate control of the outputted information units stream is further regulated by the pre-defined characteristics of the communication media.
- the storage area can be implemented on a media storage device.
- the media storage device can be a hard disk device.
- the media storage device can be a tape device.
- the media storage device can be a DVD device.
- the communication media can be the Internet or an Intranet or a wireless communications network or a telephone network or a local network or a wide area network or a cellular network.
- a second aspect of the present invention regards a method for the automatic unit rate control of an information units stream, the method comprising the steps of receiving an information units stream having a pre-defined unit rate from an information unit generator device via a communication media by an input handling entity; storing an information unit from the information units stream into a storage area by the input handling entity; reading the information unit from the storage area by an output handling entity, and controlling the operation of an output handling entity by an unit rate control mechanism to provide for a specific unit rate of the outputted information units stream.
- the method further comprising the step of outputting an information units stream having a controlled specific unit rate by the output handling entity to an information units stream display device via a communication media.
- the unit rate of the outputted information units stream generated by the output handling entity is controlled by an in-built timing mechanism associated with the output handling entity.
- the unit rate of the outputted information units streams is further controlled the pre-defined characteristics of the output handling entity.
- the unit rate of the outputted information units streams is further controlled the predefined characteristics of the transmission media.
- a third aspect of the present invention regards a method for generating a plurality of information units streams, provided with diverse unit rates, from a single information units stream having a pre-defined unit rate and distributing the plurality of the information unit streams, the method comprising the steps of inputting the information units stream from an information units stream generator device to a plurality of information units rate control devices; controlling the operation of the plurality of information units rate control devices via a plurality of unit rate control mechanisms in order to provide diverse unit rates to a plurality of outputted information units streams; storing the plurality of outputted information units streams into a plurality of data storage files associated with a media storage device thereby creating a plurality of information units stream data storage files with variable unit rate characteristics.
- the method further comprises transmitting the plurality of data storage files to a plurality of information units stream display devices in accordance with the available bandwidth associated with the display devices.
- the process of the data storage file generation is automatically controlled by and associated with the occurrence of an environmental event.
- the transmission of a specific data storage file to the information units stream display device is controlled by and associated with the occurrence of an environmental event.
- the transmission of the data storage files storing information units streams having diverse unit rate characteristics to the information units stream display device is controlled by and associated with the occurrence of an environmental event.
- the occurrence of the environmental event and the lack thereof effect pre-defined, content-specific, unit-rate-specific and timed interactions among the data storage files.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the Video Rate Processor, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of controlled archiving rate application, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration the multi-track video archiving application, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the proposed invention describes a system and method that automatically provides the video frame rate required and supported by an output device out of a set of the video frames generated by an input device, while maintaining the integrity of the video information.
- the system and method is designed and developed for use in surveillance systems. In other preferred embodiments the proposed system and method could be used for different purposes.
- the proposed system and method enables reception of meaningful video images, in real time, from local archives or from remote archive through the Internet, using an automatic video frame rate control.
- the system and method enables adaptive modifications in the rate of transmitting the video frames in accordance with the available bandwidth.
- the proposed system and method enables the controlled archiving rate while maintaining high real-time video frame rate, which provides high-quality real-time video viewing capability with reduced archived quality for a lower storage costs.
- the incoming video stream is recorded onto an archiving media and generates one or more video files thereon.
- the type of the archiving media could include but is not limited to a tape drive a hard disk or the like.
- the video files are recorded using different frame rates by utilizing an automatic frame control method.
- a first file could keep a recording of the video stream with a low frame rate and a second file could record the video data with a higher frame rate.
- the first file having a low frame rate is stored on a storage device for an extended period.
- the second file is having a high frame rate and it is stored for a substantially limited period (typically less than an hour).
- the second file is continuously and dynamically updated by deleting of "old" video frames to free storage space for the insertion of "new" video frames.
- the video frame deletion process regarding the second file is suspended, and the high frame rate video stored in the second file is available for monitoring, prior to the event, through the event and after the event.
- the process enables storage of video data for longer periods at a low frame rate while maintaining the possibility of monitoring high frame rate video data during specific events without the need to occupy in a pre-defined manner large and costly storage spaces.
- the proposed system and method allows for the reproduction of the video stream at various video frame rates where the storage of the stream is dynamically tuned to the specific requirements of a user and/or the capabilities of the user's device.
- a video frame is single electronically captured picture by a video camera.
- Video streams usually constitute consecutive frames captured by the camera at a rate of 30 or 25 frames per second.
- the concept of the proposed system and method is based on the fact that a video signal is composed of a plurality of video frames where each frame constitutes a complete information package representing an autonomous data element. Referring now to Fig. 1 that describes the operation of the Video Rate
- VRP Video Processor
- the VPR 10 comprises an Input Video Stream (IVS) 11, one or more Input Processes/Input Devices (IP/ID) 12, one or more Most Recent Frame Buffers (MCFB) 14 and one or more Output Processes/Output Devices (OP/OD) 16.
- An Input Video Stream (IVS) 11 is fed into the suitable IP/ID 12.
- the IVS 11 could be a communication line into a processor or a software interface installed in a computing device.
- the IVS 11 is composed of video frames that enter the Input Process/Input Device 12 (IP/ID) where the stream is parsed in order to build a set of the unique autonomous video frames.
- the IP/ID 12 could be implemented as a stand-alone processor or a computer program that runs on a processor device in which the preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
- the IP/ID 12 stores continuously the last received frame of the IVS 11 into a temporary storage of the MRFB 14.
- the MRFB 14 includes several buffer storage areas where each area contains a single autonomous frame.
- the MRFB 14 is implemented such that substantially simultaneous writes by the IP/ID 12 and substantially simultaneous reads by the OP/OD 16 are enabled.
- the temporary buffer storage might be implemented on a computer RAM hard disk or any other storage device.
- the connection between the IVS 11 and the MRFB 14 could be implemented through the performance of a common access/store/seek/retrieve command interface in a computer or through a special hardware interface to a memory device.
- one or more OP/OD 16 are linked to the MRFB 14 in order to obtain the most recently stored video frames from the suitable buffer areas.
- the OP/OD 16 accesses and reads the appropriate data via pre-defined, suitably coordinated and properly timed procedures.
- the connection from the OP/OD 16 to the MRFB 14 can be implemented by a standard computer read/write command interface or by a special hardware interface.
- the OP/OD 16 delivers output video streams (OVS) 17', 17" and 17'" composed of the concatenated video frames.
- OVS output video streams
- the OP/OD 16 could be implemented as a standalone processor or a specifically designed and developed computer program that runs on a processor in which the preferred embodiment of the invention is implemented.
- the OVS 17 could be a communication line from a processor or a software interface within a computing device.
- the rate at which the OP/OD 16 reads the MRFB 14 can be controlled by an external rate control input (RC) 18, by an internal rate control mechanism, or by the OVS 16 own pre-determined data rate.
- RC external rate control input
- an external interface tasks the OP/OD 16 through the RC 18 interface to extract and send the data from the MRFB 14 to the OP/OD 16.
- an internal fixed rate mechanism generated from an internal clock device within the processor tasks the OP/OD 16.
- the OP/OD 16 sends the video frames through the OVS 17 interface at its own pre- defined frame rate.
- the OP/OD 16 reads the MRFB 14 repeatedly in order to obtain and send a new frame. In this case the process adapts the video frame rate to instantaneous bandwidth of the OVS 17.
- Each of the OP/OD 16 could be provided with its own independent frame rate control mechanism and could deliver the data to the OVS 17 at its own independent and pre-defined rate.
- the video rate processor (VRP) 10 receives video streams from CCTV cameras or from archived video files and transmits the streams to the Internet through the OVS 17', 17" and 17'".
- the processor 10 adapts itself to the available bandwidth of the Internet by reading the MRFB 14 consequent to the sending of the previous frame.
- the indication that the previous frame was sent is received from the TCP/IP protocol implemented in the processor and commonly used to transmit data over the Internet.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a controlled archiving rate application in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the application enables storing of video data at a low rate to preserve storage while enabling the viewing of real-time video at a high rate.
- an Input Video Stream (IVS) 21 feeds two Video Rate Processors (VRP) 10' and 10".
- the first VRP 10' is connected to the storage device 24 and receives rate control commands 18 from the controlling system, which determines at what rate should the video frames be recorded.
- the second VRP 10" controls the transmission of real time video at the Output Video Stream (OVS) 26, adjusting it to the required rate or to the available bandwidth of the OVS interface 26.
- OVS Output Video Stream
- Fig. 3 that illustrates a multi-track archiving of video application.
- the application enables storing of video at two different rates.
- the higher rate is used for storing video for a limited duration to enable a viewing of high quality video in case of an event occurring.
- the lower rate is used for storing video for extended durations in order to effect substantial saving of storage space.
- an Input Video Stream (IVS) 31 feeds two VRPs 10'" and 10"".
- Each VRP has its own Rate Control (RC) input 18' and 18" respectively.
- Both VRPs 10'" and 10"" feed the storage device 36 and create two duplicate files of the same video, one with a high frame rate and the other with a low frame rate.
- the disclosed system and method enables control of the video speed in various components of a surveillance and storage system and the adaptation to the bandwidth transmitted to the viewers thereby making it Internet ready.
- the system and method further enables multi track recording on a storage device at various video frame rates and the distribution of a single video source to several viewers each with its own required video rate.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/490,685 US7573421B2 (en) | 2001-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | System and method for the automatic control of video frame rate |
AU2002337592A AU2002337592A1 (en) | 2001-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | System and method for the automatic control of video frame rate |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US32405601P | 2001-09-24 | 2001-09-24 | |
US60/324,056 | 2001-09-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003028358A2 true WO2003028358A2 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
WO2003028358A3 WO2003028358A3 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
Family
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PCT/IL2002/000785 WO2003028358A2 (en) | 2001-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | System and method for the automatic control of video frame rate |
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US (1) | US7573421B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002337592A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003028358A2 (en) |
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EP1624695A1 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-02-08 | Vicon Industries Inc. | Controlling the distribution of a video stream at different frame rates to various recipients |
EP2863372A1 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2015-04-22 | Avigilon Fortress Corporation | Video surveillance system employing video primitives |
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US7903172B2 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2011-03-08 | Snell Limited | System and method for video processing |
US7877777B2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2011-01-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Network camera apparatus and distributing method of video frames |
JP6155723B2 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2017-07-05 | 富士通株式会社 | Radar apparatus and program |
US10049282B2 (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2018-08-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Train interior monitoring method and train interior monitoring system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7573421B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 |
AU2002337592A1 (en) | 2003-04-07 |
US20050046611A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
WO2003028358A3 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
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