WO2003040645A1 - Explosive device comprising numerous components - Google Patents

Explosive device comprising numerous components Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003040645A1
WO2003040645A1 PCT/FR2002/003777 FR0203777W WO03040645A1 WO 2003040645 A1 WO2003040645 A1 WO 2003040645A1 FR 0203777 W FR0203777 W FR 0203777W WO 03040645 A1 WO03040645 A1 WO 03040645A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
explosive
explosive device
elements
unit
handling
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PCT/FR2002/003777
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Hu
Original Assignee
Anciens Ets Clamagirand S.A.
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Application filed by Anciens Ets Clamagirand S.A. filed Critical Anciens Ets Clamagirand S.A.
Publication of WO2003040645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003040645A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an explosive device comprising a plurality of unit elements assembled when the device is inactivated.
  • Explosive systems which have been inactive and which can be activated a few moments before the moment when they wish to explode have already been known for a long time. Such systems can be, for example, with more or less significant delay of the order of a few hours to a few seconds. The time between activation and explosion generally allows the installation of the machine without danger to the manipulator.
  • the most well-known explosive devices of this kind include grenades.
  • delaying devices which also include a system which allows their inactivation during their handling before their installation and which allows their activation a few hours or a few minutes before the moment when their explosion is desired.
  • a first drawback of devices such as grenades is that it is necessary to activate the device a few seconds before launching it manually, which leaves the manipulator little time to choose the designated target.
  • Another disadvantage of these devices is that they do not allow targets to be reached in nooks and crannies or in underground cellars or shelters.
  • a disadvantage of devices such as time bombs which are certainly safer for the manipulator, is that they do not allow them to be easily placed in crevices and therefore that they can only be used superficially.
  • 3,938,438 describes a device comprising a warhead containing a plurality of bombs having an explosive detonator sensitive to pressure and means for fragmenting said device for dispersing the bombs in the atmosphere, means for placing the detonators in position armed, all of said detonators being engaged in armed position simultaneously when the device has reached a safe distance from the launch pad, the detonators being in armed condition when the device is fragmented and the bombs are dispersed.
  • the device explodes in flight due to pressurization by a fluid.
  • Document DE-A-2010076 relates to an envelope for a tear gas.
  • Document US No. 3467 012 comprises a bomb filled with a solid fuel which can enter into combustion and give off gases upon impact, the gas being able to escape through outlet orifices.
  • the first document mentioned does not describe an explosive device which can be launched and which explodes when it is on the ground, after having rolled for a certain time.
  • the devices described in this document explode when in flight to release a plurality of bombs. These bombs are sensitive to the pressure supplied by an internal gas.
  • the other two documents do not describe devices that can explode on the ground after having rolled on it.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide an explosive device which can easily and quickly reach targets located in recesses and cavities inaccessible to devices which are launched or placed. Another object of the invention is to provide an explosive device which is inactivated during its transport and handling and which can be activated after a certain period of time after its installation upstream while allowing its movement downstream. Yet another object of the invention is to provide an explosive device capable of moving under the effect of the force of gravity while being inactivated, and which can be activated under the action of a force external to the device, for example a shock.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an explosive device made up of a plurality of explosive units which are inactive when handling the device, and when moving the device under the action of a force. external to it, but which become active during the disintegration of the machine under the action of another force external to it.
  • the invention therefore relates to an explosive device characterized in that it consists of a plurality of unit explosive elements integral with each other, inactive when they are integral, said unit explosive elements dissociating under the action of a given impact force, and activated after their separation after a period of time that can be programmed.
  • the explosive device according to the present invention is also such that:
  • the explosive device is of substantially spherical shape so as to allow its displacement by rolling.
  • the explosive device comprises an envelope in which the unitary elements are placed, the envelope being sufficiently fragile to rupture under the action of a given impact force, but sufficiently solid to allow the manipulation and the displacement of the object.
  • explosive is such that the explosive unit elements have a substantially spherical shape to allow their rolling.
  • the explosive device is such that it includes an internal coating material coating the unit explosive elements and serving as shock absorbing material during the handling and transport of the explosive device.
  • the explosive device comprises internal containers in the form of cells in which the unit explosive elements are placed.
  • Container walls can also be used as shock absorbing material during handling and transportation of the explosive device.
  • the coating material and / or the walls of the containers are sufficiently fragile to rupture under the action of a given impact force, but sufficiently solid to allow the handling and movement of the explosive device.
  • the unit explosive elements can be joined to one another by any known or unknown means, which is broken during an impact, thereby activating the unit elements.
  • a pin on each unit element which is connected to its neighbor by a wire or a strap which keeps them in the inactive position, this wire or this strap being broken during an impact.
  • Unit explosives can explode at different adjustable distances when they are ejected from the explosive device, in a programmed direction. Distances can be adjustable in the range of about 10 meters to several hundred meters. Unit explosive elements can have different powers.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic perspective view of a known unit explosive element
  • Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a unit explosive element according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a partially sectional view of an explosive device having a plurality of unit elements according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a partially sectional view of another embodiment of the explosive device having a plurality of unit elements according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the explosive device having a plurality of unit elements according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the mode of use of the explosive device with multiple elements according to the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a unit explosive element 1 according to the prior art, and more particularly a grenade. This grenade can be launched from close range either manually or using an anti-personnel grenade rifle.
  • unit explosive element means an element which when it becomes active may release explosive gases or other explosive bodies, incendiary chemicals, smoke products or tear gas products. It can therefore be an offensive or defensive element.
  • the grenade shown in Figure 1 comprises in known manner an oval body 2, an igniter plug 3 connected to a trigger lever 4 which is inactive and which becomes active when a pin is pulled 5.
  • the grenade 1 has inside sheath 2 an explosive, incendiary, smoke or tear gas chemical which is reacted by the igniter plug 3.
  • a pin generally has an oval shape to allow better grip. This ovoid shape can be more or less pronounced for a hand grenade or it can be pseudo-cylindrical for an anti-personnel rifle grenade.
  • FIG. 2 represents a unit explosive element according to the present invention.
  • This unit explosive element 6 has an almost partially spherical body 7 and an igniter plug 8 slightly protruding with respect to the spherical body 7.
  • this unit explosive element according to the invention has an ignition device 9 slightly prominent with respect to the body 7. The advantage of such a device is that it can roll easily once it is in contact with the ground, as will be explained below.
  • FIG. 3 represents an explosive device 10 according to the invention with a plurality of unit elements 6.
  • four unit elements 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are shown.
  • these elements 6 are pseudo-spherical.
  • the explosive device 10 with a plurality of unit elements 6 consists of a pseudo-spherical casing 11 in which are arranged the N unit elements 6 coated in a damping material 12.
  • the unitary elements 6 are coated in the material 12 which may be a foam, for example a polyurethane foam.
  • the explosive device 10 When the explosive device 10 is launched according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, it can be launched in a first way, upwards to make it undergo an ovoid trajectory according to the arrow F1, or, a second way, we can launch it down, according to arrow F2.
  • the explosive device 10 when it reaches the ground S, the envelope 11 immediately breaks, and the unit elements 6 are separated from the damping material 12 and, due to the force of gravity, continue to roll on the ground.
  • the explosive device 10 rolls on the ground, depending on the slope, and the casing 11 breaks when it comes into contact with a crevice 13 of the ground S.
  • the explosion of the explosive device 10 into a plurality of unit elements 6 depends on the fragility of the envelope 1 and of the damping material 12.
  • the unitary elements 6 are placed in containers in the form of cells 14 of substantially parallelepipedal shape similar to honeycombs. These cells 14 are also fragile to impact and can rupture when the explosive device according to the present invention is launched into the air or rolled on the ground.
  • the envelope 11, the material 12 coating the unit elements 6 and the containers 14 of the unit elements are fragile to impact, this fragility being adjusted so that the envelope 11, the coating material 12 and the containers 14 are sufficiently resistant during transport and handling of the device according to the invention, but sufficiently fragile when the device according to the invention strikes an obstacle, such as the ground, or a crevice of the ground, so that the unitary elements are separated from each other.
  • the unit elements 6 must be inactive during transport and handling of the explosive device, but these unit elements are activated as soon as they are separated from each other, that is to say as soon as the casing 11, the damping element 12 or the container 14 are broken under the action of an external force.
  • the unit elements 6 are made inactive when they are integral with each other by any means known or not, for example, a pin on each unit element which is connected to its neighbor by a wire or a strap which keeps them in the inactive position , this wire or strap being broken during an impact, thereby activating the trigger lever.
  • FIG 5 there is shown a preferred embodiment of an explosive device according to the present invention.
  • the explosive device 31 has a longitudinal axis XX and has a cylindrical wall 21 which has holes T of axis YY perpendicular to the axis XX. These holes T can, in cross section, be distributed along radii of the circle forming the base of the cylinder forming the explosive device.
  • a cylinder 22 is mounted inside the cylinder 21 and it has an internal cylinder 23 which locks the parts 21, 22 and 23 integrally.
  • a part 25 crosses parts 21, 22 and 23, in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the explosive device. Stop devices prevent the part 25 from coming out and block it, for example, these are clips 24 ', 24 ".
  • Explosive unit elements 29 are placed in the holes T and can be ejected by stops 26 which include a shoulder 26a which comes to lock against the shoulder 26b of the part 21.
  • the springs 30 are used to forcefully eject the stops 26.
  • Holes 27 are provided in the part 24 and allow the unitary elements 29 to be released.
  • the cylindrical parts 21 and 22 can slide in the cylindrical external part 4 along the longitudinal axis XX and are retained by props 28 between the bottom of the external cylindrical part 24 and the bottom of the part 22.
  • the bottom of the part 2 'and the bottom of the cylindrical part 22 are spaced from each other by the props 28 which can be reinforced by springs 34.
  • a force F3 makes undergo a push at the bottom of the part 24 at points 33 and this approaches the bottom of the parts 21 and 22, the props are subjected to compression force.
  • the holes or openings 27 come opposite the holes T receiving the unit explosive elements 29. These are thus released towards the outside of the explosive device.
  • the ring 31 is a safety piece which prevents the explosive device from being armed. This security piece 31 becomes detached when the explosive device is sent.
  • the range of the unit explosive elements 29 is variable and can be adjusted by means of the springs 30 and 30 '.
  • the unit explosive elements 29 are spherical, which makes it possible to send them to places inaccessible to non-spherical devices;
  • the unit explosive elements 29 can be of different quality and nature inside the same device.
  • the unit explosive elements 29 can explode at different adjustable distances when they are ejected from the explosive device. These distances are adjustable in the range of about 10 meters to several hundred meters.
  • an explosive charge 35 can be provided on the longitudinal axis XX of the explosive device, this charge being activated during the movement of an axial longitudinal axis 36 at the end of the activation of the machine.
  • unit explosive elements 29 can be launched at the four cardinal points.
  • one can program the launch of these unitary devices namely, one can choose to launch the explosive unit elements according to a cardinal point.
  • the launch of unit explosive devices 29 can be programmed in a part of space corresponding to the presence of enemy troops and can at otherwise be avoided in the part of space where civilians are found.

Abstract

The invention relates to an explosive device comprising numerous explosive components (6) which are inactive and solidly connected to one another. The aforementioned components (6) can be separated under a given impact force and thereby activated. The inventive explosive device is essentially spherical such that it can be moved by means of rolling. Said device comprises a casing (11) in which the components (6) are placed, said casing (11) being sufficiently fragile to break under a given impact force but also sufficiently solid to enable the handling and movement of the explosive device. The invention is suitable for use as a defensive or offensive device.

Description

ENGIN EXPLOSIF A PLUSIEURS ELEMENTS UNITAIRES EXPLOSIVE DEVICE WITH SEVERAL UNIT ELEMENTS
La présente invention concerne un engin explosif comportant une pluralité d'éléments unitaires assemblés lorsque l'engin est inactivé.The present invention relates to an explosive device comprising a plurality of unit elements assembled when the device is inactivated.
ARRIERE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUETECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
On connaît déjà depuis longtemps des systèmes d'explosifs qui sont inactifs et que l'on peut activer quelques instants avant le moment où on souhaite leur explosion. De tels systèmes peuvent être par exemple à retardement plus ou moins important de l'ordre de quelques heures à quelques secondes. Le moment entre l'activation et l'explosion permet en général la pose de l'engin sans danger pour le manipulateur. Des engins explosifs de cette sorte les plus connus sont notamment des grenades.Explosive systems which have been inactive and which can be activated a few moments before the moment when they wish to explode have already been known for a long time. Such systems can be, for example, with more or less significant delay of the order of a few hours to a few seconds. The time between activation and explosion generally allows the installation of the machine without danger to the manipulator. The most well-known explosive devices of this kind include grenades.
Celles-ci sont de forme ovale et comportent un système qui permet leur inactivation et qui permet leur activation quelques secondes avant le moment où on souhaite leur explosion.These are oval in shape and have a system that allows them to be inactivated and that allows them to be activated a few seconds before the moment when their explosion is desired.
On connaît par ailleurs des engins dits à retardement qui comportent également un système qui permet leur inactivation pendant leur manipulation avant leur pose et qui permet leur activation quelques heures ou quelques minutes avant le moment où on souhaite leur explosion.There are also known so-called delaying devices which also include a system which allows their inactivation during their handling before their installation and which allows their activation a few hours or a few minutes before the moment when their explosion is desired.
Ces engins connus dans la technique antérieure comportent plusieurs inconvénients.These devices known in the prior art have several drawbacks.
Un premier inconvénient des engins tels que des grenades est qu'il est nécessaire d'activer l'engin quelques secondes avant leur lancer manuel ce qui laisse peu de temps au manipulateur pour choisir la cible désignée. Un autre inconvénient de ces engins est qu'ils ne permettent pas d'atteindre des cibles dans des recoins de sol ou dans des caves ou abris souterrains. Un inconvénient des engins tels que des bombes à retardement qui sont certes plus sures pour le manipulateur, est qu'ils ne permettent pas d'être placés facilement dans des anfractuosités et donc qu'ils ne peuvent être utilisés que superficiellement. Le brevet U. S. No. 3 938438 décrit un dispositif comportant une ogive contenant une pluralité de bombes ayant un détonateur explosif sensible à la pression et des moyens pour fragmenter ledit dispositif pour disperser les bombes dans l'atmosphère, des moyens pour mettre les détonateurs en position armée, tous lesdits détonateurs étant engagés en position armée simultanément quand le dispositif a atteint une distance sure de la plateforme de lancement, les détonateurs étant en conditions armée quand le dispositif est fragmenté et que les bombes sont dispersées. Le dispositif explose en vol du fait d'une pressurisation par un fluide. Le document DE-A-2010076 concerne une enveloppe pour un gaz lacrymogène.A first drawback of devices such as grenades is that it is necessary to activate the device a few seconds before launching it manually, which leaves the manipulator little time to choose the designated target. Another disadvantage of these devices is that they do not allow targets to be reached in nooks and crannies or in underground cellars or shelters. A disadvantage of devices such as time bombs which are certainly safer for the manipulator, is that they do not allow them to be easily placed in crevices and therefore that they can only be used superficially. US Patent No. 3,938,438 describes a device comprising a warhead containing a plurality of bombs having an explosive detonator sensitive to pressure and means for fragmenting said device for dispersing the bombs in the atmosphere, means for placing the detonators in position armed, all of said detonators being engaged in armed position simultaneously when the device has reached a safe distance from the launch pad, the detonators being in armed condition when the device is fragmented and the bombs are dispersed. The device explodes in flight due to pressurization by a fluid. Document DE-A-2010076 relates to an envelope for a tear gas.
Le document US No. 3467 012 comprend une bombe remplie d'un combustible solide qui peut entrer en combustion et donner des gaz lors d'un choc, le gaz pouvant s'échapper par des orifices de sortie. Le premier document mentionné ne décrit pas un engin explosif qui peut être lancé et qui explose lorsqu'il est au sol, après avoir roulé pendant un certain temps. Les engins décrits dans ce document explosent lorsqu'ils sont en vol pour libérer une pluralité de bombes. Ces bombes sont sensibles à la pression fournie par un gaz interne. De même les deux autres documents ne décrivent pas des engins qui peuvent exploser au sol après avoir roulé sur celui-ci.Document US No. 3467 012 comprises a bomb filled with a solid fuel which can enter into combustion and give off gases upon impact, the gas being able to escape through outlet orifices. The first document mentioned does not describe an explosive device which can be launched and which explodes when it is on the ground, after having rolled for a certain time. The devices described in this document explode when in flight to release a plurality of bombs. These bombs are sensitive to the pressure supplied by an internal gas. Similarly, the other two documents do not describe devices that can explode on the ground after having rolled on it.
Un but de l'invention est donc de fournir un engin explosif qui puisse atteindre facilement et rapidement des cibles situées dans des recoins et des cavités inaccessibles aux engins qui sont lancés ou placés. Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un engin explosif qui soit inactivé lors de son transport et de sa manipulation et qui puisse être activé après une certaine période de temps postérieurement à sa pose en amont tout en permettant son déplacement en aval. Encore un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un engin explosif apte à se déplacer sous l'effet de la force de gravité tout en étant inactivé, et pouvant être activé sous l'action d'une force extérieure à l'engin, par exemple un choc.An object of the invention is therefore to provide an explosive device which can easily and quickly reach targets located in recesses and cavities inaccessible to devices which are launched or placed. Another object of the invention is to provide an explosive device which is inactivated during its transport and handling and which can be activated after a certain period of time after its installation upstream while allowing its movement downstream. Yet another object of the invention is to provide an explosive device capable of moving under the effect of the force of gravity while being inactivated, and which can be activated under the action of a force external to the device, for example a shock.
Un but supplémentaire de l'invention est de fournir un engin explosif constitué d'une pluralité d'unités explosives qui sont inactives lors de la manipulation de l'engin, et lors du déplacement de l'engin sous l'action d'une force extérieure à celui-ci, mais qui deviennent actives lors de la désagrégation de l'engin sous l'action d'une autre force extérieure à celui-ci. RESUME DE L'INVENTIONA further object of the invention is to provide an explosive device made up of a plurality of explosive units which are inactive when handling the device, and when moving the device under the action of a force. external to it, but which become active during the disintegration of the machine under the action of another force external to it. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
L'invention concerne donc un engin explosif caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'une pluralité d'éléments explosifs unitaires solidaires les uns des autres, inactifs lorsqu'ils sont solidaires, lesdits éléments explosifs unitaires se désolidarisant sous l'action d'une force de choc donnée, et activés après leur désolidarisation après une période de temps pouvant être programmée.The invention therefore relates to an explosive device characterized in that it consists of a plurality of unit explosive elements integral with each other, inactive when they are integral, said unit explosive elements dissociating under the action of a given impact force, and activated after their separation after a period of time that can be programmed.
L'engin explosif selon la présente invention est encore tel que : L'engin explosif est de forme sensiblement sphérique de manière à permettre son déplacement par roulement. L'engin explosif comporte une enveloppe dans laquelle sont placés les éléments unitaires, l'enveloppe étant suffisamment fragile pour se rompre sous l'action d'une force de choc donnée, mais suffisamment solide pour permettre la manipulation et le déplacement de l'engin explosif. L'engin explosif est tel que les éléments unitaires explosifs ont une forme sensiblement sphérique pour permettre leur roulement.The explosive device according to the present invention is also such that: The explosive device is of substantially spherical shape so as to allow its displacement by rolling. The explosive device comprises an envelope in which the unitary elements are placed, the envelope being sufficiently fragile to rupture under the action of a given impact force, but sufficiently solid to allow the manipulation and the displacement of the object. explosive. The explosive device is such that the explosive unit elements have a substantially spherical shape to allow their rolling.
L'engin explosif est tel qu'il comporte un matériau d'enrobage interne enrobant les éléments explosifs unitaires et servant de matériau d'amortissement des chocs pendant la manipulation et le transport de l'engin explosif.The explosive device is such that it includes an internal coating material coating the unit explosive elements and serving as shock absorbing material during the handling and transport of the explosive device.
L'engin explosif, selon un autre mode de réalisation, comporte des conteneurs internes en forme d'alvéoles dans lesquelles sont placées les éléments explosifs unitaires. Les parois des conteneurs peuvent également servir de matériau d'amortissement des chocs pendant la manipulation et le transport de l'engin explosif.The explosive device, according to another embodiment, comprises internal containers in the form of cells in which the unit explosive elements are placed. Container walls can also be used as shock absorbing material during handling and transportation of the explosive device.
Le matériau d'enrobage et/ou les parois des conteneurs sont suffisamment fragiles pour se rompre sous l'action d'une force de choc donnée, mais suffisamment solides pour permettre la manipulation et le déplacement de l'engin explosif.The coating material and / or the walls of the containers are sufficiently fragile to rupture under the action of a given impact force, but sufficiently solid to allow the handling and movement of the explosive device.
Les éléments explosifs unitaires peuvent être solidarisés les uns des autres par tout moyen connu ou non, qui est rompu lors d'un choc, en activant ainsi les éléments unitaires. Par exemple, une goupille sur chaque élément unitaire qui est reliée à sa voisine par un fil ou une sangle qui les maintient en position inactive, ce fil ou cette sangle étant rompu lors d'un choc.The unit explosive elements can be joined to one another by any known or unknown means, which is broken during an impact, thereby activating the unit elements. For example, a pin on each unit element which is connected to its neighbor by a wire or a strap which keeps them in the inactive position, this wire or this strap being broken during an impact.
Les éléments explosifs unitaires peuvent exploser à différentes distances réglables lorsqu'ils sont éjectés hors de l'engin explosif, dans une direction programmée. Les distances peuvent être réglables dans une plage d'environ 10 mètres à plusieurs centaines de mètres. Les éléments explosifs unitaires peuvent avoir des puissances différentes.Unit explosives can explode at different adjustable distances when they are ejected from the explosive device, in a programmed direction. Distances can be adjustable in the range of about 10 meters to several hundred meters. Unit explosive elements can have different powers.
DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES La figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un élément explosif unitaire connu ;DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a known unit explosive element;
La figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un élément explosif unitaire selon la présente invention ; La figure 3 est une vue partiellement en coupe d'un engin explosif à pluralité d'éléments unitaires selon la présente invention ;Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a unit explosive element according to the present invention; Figure 3 is a partially sectional view of an explosive device having a plurality of unit elements according to the present invention;
La figure 4 est une vue partiellement en coupe d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'engin explosif à pluralité d'éléments unitaires selon la présente invention ; La figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'engin explosif à pluralité d'éléments unitaires selon la présente invention ;Figure 4 is a partially sectional view of another embodiment of the explosive device having a plurality of unit elements according to the present invention; Figure 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the explosive device having a plurality of unit elements according to the present invention;
La figure 6 est une vue schématique du mode d'utilisation de l'engin explosif à pluralité d'éléments selon la présente invention. La figure 1 est une vue en perspective schématique d'Un élément explosif unitaire 1 selon la technique antérieure, et plus particulièrement une grenade. Cette grenade peut être lancée à courte distance soit manuellement, soit à l'aide d'un fusil antipersonnel à grenade.Figure 6 is a schematic view of the mode of use of the explosive device with multiple elements according to the present invention. Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a unit explosive element 1 according to the prior art, and more particularly a grenade. This grenade can be launched from close range either manually or using an anti-personnel grenade rifle.
Dans la présente description l'expression "élément explosif unitaire" signifie un élément qui lorsqu'il devient actif peut libérer des gaz explosifs ou d'autres corps explosifs, des produits chimiques incendiaires, des produits fumigènes ou des produits lacrymogènes. Il peut donc s'agir d'un élément offensif ou défensif.In the present description the expression "unit explosive element" means an element which when it becomes active may release explosive gases or other explosive bodies, incendiary chemicals, smoke products or tear gas products. It can therefore be an offensive or defensive element.
La grenade représentée sur la figure 1 comporte de manière connue un corps 2 ovale, un bouchon allumeur 3 relié à un levier de déclenchement 4 qui est inactif et qui devient actif lorsqu'on tire une goupille 5. La grenade 1 comporte à l'intérieur de la gaine 2 un produit chimique explosif, incendiaire, fumigène ou lacrymogène qui est mis en réaction grâce au bouchon allumeur 3. Selon la technique antérieure, une telle goupille a en général une forme ovale pour permettre une meilleure prise en main. Cette forme ovoïde peut être plus ou moins prononcée pour une grenade à main ou elle peut être pseudo-cylindrique pour une grenade à fusil antipersonnel. On comprend bien que lorsqu'on lance une grenade de la technique antérieure sa forme ovoïde ou pseudo- cylindrique conjuguée avec le bouchon allumeur proéminent 3 ainsi que le levier de déclenchement et la goupille, cette grenade reste à l'emplacement où elle a atterrit après son lancement. Un tel élément explosif unitaire a donc pour inconvénient principal que son lancé doit être visé précisément sur la cible à atteindre. Il ne permet donc pas d'atteindre des endroits souterrains cachés ou des grottes dans les montagnes ou des caves.The grenade shown in Figure 1 comprises in known manner an oval body 2, an igniter plug 3 connected to a trigger lever 4 which is inactive and which becomes active when a pin is pulled 5. The grenade 1 has inside sheath 2 an explosive, incendiary, smoke or tear gas chemical which is reacted by the igniter plug 3. According to the prior art, such a pin generally has an oval shape to allow better grip. This ovoid shape can be more or less pronounced for a hand grenade or it can be pseudo-cylindrical for an anti-personnel rifle grenade. It is easy to understand that when a prior art grenade is launched, its ovoid or pseudocylindrical shape combined with the prominent igniter plug 3 as well as the trigger lever and the pin, this grenade remains in the location where it landed after its launch. The main drawback of such a unit explosive element is therefore that its launch must be aimed precisely at the target to be hit. It therefore does not allow you to reach hidden underground places or caves in the mountains or cellars.
Par ailleurs, la puissance d'un tel élément explosif unitaire est relativement faible puisqu'on doit lancer ces éléments l'un après l'autre. La figure 2 représente un élément explosif unitaire selon la présente invention. Cet élément explosif unitaire 6 présente un corps pratiquement partiellement sphérique 7 et un bouchon allumeur 8 faiblement proéminent par rapport au corps sphérique 7. En outre, cet élément explosif unitaire selon l'invention présente un dispositif d'allumage 9 faiblement proéminent par rapport au corps sphérique 7. L'avantage d'un tel dispositif est qu'il peut rouler facilement une fois qu'il en contact avec le sol, comme on l'expliquera ci-après.Furthermore, the power of such a unit explosive element is relatively low since these elements must be launched one after the other. FIG. 2 represents a unit explosive element according to the present invention. This unit explosive element 6 has an almost partially spherical body 7 and an igniter plug 8 slightly protruding with respect to the spherical body 7. In addition, this unit explosive element according to the invention has an ignition device 9 slightly prominent with respect to the body 7. The advantage of such a device is that it can roll easily once it is in contact with the ground, as will be explained below.
La figure 3 représente un engin explosif 10 selon l'invention à pluralité d'éléments unitaires 6. Sur la figure 3, on a représenté quatre éléments unitaires 6A, 6B, 6C et 6D. Comme on l'a mentionné ci-dessus ces éléments 6 sont pseudo-sphériques. Bien entendu, on peut prévoir au moins deux éléments unitaires, et au plus N éléments unitaires. L'engin explosif 10 à pluralité d'éléments unitaires 6 est constitué d'une enveloppe 11 pseudo-sphérique dans laquelle sont disposés les N éléments unitaires 6 enrobés dans un matériau 12 amortisseur. Selon l'invention, il est essentiel que l'engin explosif 10 ait une forme pseudo- sphérique de manière à pouvoir rouler sur un sol plus ou moins en pente et ce sous l'effet de la force de gravité. Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, les éléments unitaires 6 sont enrobés dans le matériau 12 qui peut être une mousse, par exemple une mousse de polyuréthane.FIG. 3 represents an explosive device 10 according to the invention with a plurality of unit elements 6. In FIG. 3, four unit elements 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are shown. As mentioned above, these elements 6 are pseudo-spherical. Of course, one can provide at least two unit elements, and at most N unit elements. The explosive device 10 with a plurality of unit elements 6 consists of a pseudo-spherical casing 11 in which are arranged the N unit elements 6 coated in a damping material 12. According to the invention, it is essential that the explosive device 10 has a pseudo- shape. spherical so as to be able to roll on more or less sloping ground under the effect of the force of gravity. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the unitary elements 6 are coated in the material 12 which may be a foam, for example a polyurethane foam.
Lorsqu'on lance l'engin explosif 10 selon la présente invention, comme représenté sur la figure 5, on peut le lancer d'une première manière, vers le haut pour lui faire subir une trajectoire ovoïde selon la flèche F1 , ou, d'une seconde manière, on peut le lancer vers le bas, selon la flèche F2.When the explosive device 10 is launched according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, it can be launched in a first way, upwards to make it undergo an ovoid trajectory according to the arrow F1, or, a second way, we can launch it down, according to arrow F2.
Selon la première manière de lancement, l'engin explosif 10 lorsqu'il atteint le sol S, l'enveloppe 11 se rompt immédiatement, et les éléments unitaires 6 sont désolidarisés du matériau amortisseur 12 et, du fait de la force de gravité, continuent à rouler sur le sol. Selon la deuxième manière de lancement, l'engin explosif 10, roule sur le sol, en fonction de la pente, et l'enveloppe 11 se rompt lorsqu'elle entre en contact avec une anfractuosité 13 du sol S.According to the first launching method, the explosive device 10 when it reaches the ground S, the envelope 11 immediately breaks, and the unit elements 6 are separated from the damping material 12 and, due to the force of gravity, continue to roll on the ground. According to the second launching method, the explosive device 10 rolls on the ground, depending on the slope, and the casing 11 breaks when it comes into contact with a crevice 13 of the ground S.
On comprend que l'éclatement de l'engin explosif 10 en une pluralité d'éléments unitaires 6 dépend de la fragilité de l'enveloppe 1 et du matériau amortisseur 12.It will be understood that the explosion of the explosive device 10 into a plurality of unit elements 6 depends on the fragility of the envelope 1 and of the damping material 12.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention, représenté plus particulièrement sur la figure 4, les éléments unitaires 6 sont placés dans des conteneurs en forme d'alvéoles 14 de forme sensiblement parallélépipédiques analogues à des nids d'abeilles. Ces alvéoles 14 sont également fragiles au choc et peuvent se rompre lorsque l'engin explosif selon la présente invention est lancé en l'air ou roulé sur le sol.According to another embodiment of the present invention, shown more particularly in FIG. 4, the unitary elements 6 are placed in containers in the form of cells 14 of substantially parallelepipedal shape similar to honeycombs. These cells 14 are also fragile to impact and can rupture when the explosive device according to the present invention is launched into the air or rolled on the ground.
Selon l'invention l'enveloppe 11, le matériau 12 enrobant les éléments unitaires 6 et les conteneurs 14 des éléments unitaires sont fragiles aux chocs, cette fragilité étant réglée pour que l'enveloppe 11, le matériau 12 d'enrobage et les conteneurs 14 soient suffisamment résistants lors du transport et la manipulation de l'engin selon l'invention, mais suffisamment fragiles lorsque l'engin selon l'invention heurte un obstacle, comme le sol, ou une anfractuosité du sol, pour que les éléments unitaires soient désolidarisés les uns des autres.According to the invention the envelope 11, the material 12 coating the unit elements 6 and the containers 14 of the unit elements are fragile to impact, this fragility being adjusted so that the envelope 11, the coating material 12 and the containers 14 are sufficiently resistant during transport and handling of the device according to the invention, but sufficiently fragile when the device according to the invention strikes an obstacle, such as the ground, or a crevice of the ground, so that the unitary elements are separated from each other.
Selon l'invention, les éléments unitaires 6 doivent être inactifs lors du transport et la manipulation de l'engin explosif, mais ces éléments unitaires sont activés dès qu'ils sont désolidarisés les uns des autres, c'est-à-dire dès que l'enveloppe 11 , l'élément amortisseur 12 ou le conteneur 14 sont rompus sous l'action d'une force externe.According to the invention, the unit elements 6 must be inactive during transport and handling of the explosive device, but these unit elements are activated as soon as they are separated from each other, that is to say as soon as the casing 11, the damping element 12 or the container 14 are broken under the action of an external force.
Les éléments unitaires 6 sont rendus inactifs lorsqu'ils sont solidaires les uns des autres par tout moyen connu ou non, par exemple, une goupille sur chaque élément unitaire qui est reliée à sa voisine par un fil ou une sangle qui les maintient en position inactive, ce fil ou cette sangle étant rompu lors d'un choc, en activant ainsi le levier de déclenchement.The unit elements 6 are made inactive when they are integral with each other by any means known or not, for example, a pin on each unit element which is connected to its neighbor by a wire or a strap which keeps them in the inactive position , this wire or strap being broken during an impact, thereby activating the trigger lever.
Sur la figure 5, on a représenté un mode de réalisation préféré d'un engin explosif selon la présente invention. L'engin explosif 31 a un axe longitudinal XX et comporte une paroi cylindrique 21 qui comporte des trous T d'axe YY perpendiculaire à l'axe XX. Ces trous T peuvent, en coupe transversale être répartis selon des rayons du cercle formant la base du cylindre formant l'engin explosif. Un cylindre 22 est monté à l'intérieur du cylindre 21 et il comporte un cylindre interne 23 qui verrouille les pièces 21 , 22 et 23 solidairement. Une pièce 25 traverse les pièces 21 , 22 et 23, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe XX longitudinal de l'engin explosif. Des dispositifs d'arrêt empêchent la pièce 25 de ressortir et la bloque, par exemple, ce sont des clips 24', 24".In Figure 5, there is shown a preferred embodiment of an explosive device according to the present invention. The explosive device 31 has a longitudinal axis XX and has a cylindrical wall 21 which has holes T of axis YY perpendicular to the axis XX. These holes T can, in cross section, be distributed along radii of the circle forming the base of the cylinder forming the explosive device. A cylinder 22 is mounted inside the cylinder 21 and it has an internal cylinder 23 which locks the parts 21, 22 and 23 integrally. A part 25 crosses parts 21, 22 and 23, in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the explosive device. Stop devices prevent the part 25 from coming out and block it, for example, these are clips 24 ', 24 ".
Des éléments unitaires explosifs 29 sont placés dans les trous T et peuvent être éjectés par des butées 26 qui, comportent un épaulement 26a qui vient se bloquer conter l'épaulement 26b de la pièce 21. Les ressorts 30 servent à éjecter à force les butées 26. Des trous 27 sont prévus dans la pièce 24 et permettent de libérer les éléments unitaires 29.Explosive unit elements 29 are placed in the holes T and can be ejected by stops 26 which include a shoulder 26a which comes to lock against the shoulder 26b of the part 21. The springs 30 are used to forcefully eject the stops 26. Holes 27 are provided in the part 24 and allow the unitary elements 29 to be released.
Les pièces cylindriques 21 et 22 peuvent coulisser dans la pièce externe cylindrique 4 selon l'axe longitudinal XX et sont retenues par des étançons 28 entre le fond de la pièce cylindrique externe 24 et le fond de la pièce 22. Le fond de la pièce 2' et le fond de la pièce 22 cylindriques sont distants l'un de l'autre par les étançons 28 qui peuvent être renforcés par des ressorts 34.The cylindrical parts 21 and 22 can slide in the cylindrical external part 4 along the longitudinal axis XX and are retained by props 28 between the bottom of the external cylindrical part 24 and the bottom of the part 22. The bottom of the part 2 'and the bottom of the cylindrical part 22 are spaced from each other by the props 28 which can be reinforced by springs 34.
Lors de l'impact sur le fond 23 de l'engin explosif, une force F3 fait subir une poussée au fond de la pièce 24 aux points 33 et celle-ci se rapproche du fond des pièces 21 et 22, les étançons sont soumis à une force de compression. Les trous ou lumières 27 viennent en regard des trous T recevant les éléments explosifs unitaires 29. Ceux-ci sont ainsi libérés vers l'extérieur de l'engin explosif. L'anneau 31 est une pièce de sécurité qui empêche l'engin explosif d'être armé. Cette pièce de sécurité 31 se désolidarise lorsqu'on envoie l'engin explosif. On peut prévoir des ressorts 30' de chaque côté de l'axeDuring the impact on the bottom 23 of the explosive device, a force F3 makes undergo a push at the bottom of the part 24 at points 33 and this approaches the bottom of the parts 21 and 22, the props are subjected to compression force. The holes or openings 27 come opposite the holes T receiving the unit explosive elements 29. These are thus released towards the outside of the explosive device. The ring 31 is a safety piece which prevents the explosive device from being armed. This security piece 31 becomes detached when the explosive device is sent. We can provide springs 30 'on each side of the axis
XX de l'engin qui positionnent les pièces servant d'éjecteurs 26 de se mettre non en alignement selon l'axe YY transversal de l'engin et de donner plus de force à l'éjection des éléments explosifs unitaires 29.XX of the device which positions the parts serving as ejectors 26 to put themselves out of alignment along the transverse axis YY of the device and to give more force to the ejection of the unit explosive elements 29.
Selon l'invention, la portée des éléments explosifs unitaires 29 est variable et peut être réglée grâce aux ressorts 30 et 30'.According to the invention, the range of the unit explosive elements 29 is variable and can be adjusted by means of the springs 30 and 30 '.
Les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 sont sphériques, ce qui permet de les envoyer dans des endroits inaccessibles à des engins non sphériques ;The unit explosive elements 29 are spherical, which makes it possible to send them to places inaccessible to non-spherical devices;
Les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 peuvent être de qualité et de nature différentes à l'intérieur d'un même engin.The unit explosive elements 29 can be of different quality and nature inside the same device.
Les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 peuvent exploser à différentes distances réglables lorsqu'ils sont éjectés hors de l'engin explosif. Ces distances sont réglables dans une plage d'environ 10 mètres à plusieurs centaines de mètres.The unit explosive elements 29 can explode at different adjustable distances when they are ejected from the explosive device. These distances are adjustable in the range of about 10 meters to several hundred meters.
Enfin selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, on peut prévoir une charge explosive 35 sur l'axe XX longitudinal de l'engin explosif, cette charge étant activée lors du déplacement d'un axe 36 longitudinal axial à la fin de l'activation de l'engin.Finally, according to another embodiment of the invention, an explosive charge 35 can be provided on the longitudinal axis XX of the explosive device, this charge being activated during the movement of an axial longitudinal axis 36 at the end of the activation of the machine.
Il est essentiel selon la présente invention que les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 puissent être lancés aux quatre points cardinaux.It is essential according to the present invention that the unit explosive elements 29 can be launched at the four cardinal points.
Cependant, on peut programmer la lancée de ces engins unitaires, à savoir, on peut choisir de lancer les éléments unitaires explosifs selon un point cardinal. A cet effet, si des troupes ennemies visées sont dans un espace et que des civils sont dans un autre espace, la lancée des engins explosifs unitaires 29 peut être programmée dans une partie de l'espace correspondant à la présence des troupes ennemies et peut au contraire être évitée dans la partie de l'espace où se trouvent les civils. However, one can program the launch of these unitary devices, namely, one can choose to launch the explosive unit elements according to a cardinal point. For this purpose, if targeted enemy troops are in one space and civilians are in another space, the launch of unit explosive devices 29 can be programmed in a part of space corresponding to the presence of enemy troops and can at otherwise be avoided in the part of space where civilians are found.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Engin explosif caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'une pluralité d'éléments explosifs unitaires (6) solidaires les uns des autres, inactifs lorsqu'ils sont solidaires, lesdits éléments explosifs unitaires (6) se désolidarisant sous l'action d'une force de choc donnée, et activés après leur désolidarisation après une période de temps pouvant être programmée.1. Explosive device characterized in that it consists of a plurality of unit explosive elements (6) integral with each other, inactive when they are integral, said unit explosive elements (6) dissociating under the action of a given impact force, and activated after their separation after a period of time that can be programmed.
2. Engin explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est de forme sensiblement sphérique de manière à permettre son déplacement par roulement.2. Explosive device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is of substantially spherical shape so as to allow its displacement by rolling.
3. Engin explosif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une enveloppe (11) dans laquelle sont placés les éléments unitaires (6), l'enveloppe (11) étant suffisamment fragile pour se rompre sous l'action d'une force de choc donnée, mais suffisamment solide pour permettre la manipulation et le déplacement de l'engin explosif.3. Explosive device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises an envelope (11) in which the unitary elements (6) are placed, the envelope (11) being sufficiently fragile to rupture under the action of a given impact force, but strong enough to allow the handling and movement of the explosive device.
4. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments unitaires explosifs (6) ont une forme sensiblement sphérique pour permettre leur roulement.4. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the explosive unit elements (6) have a substantially spherical shape to allow their rolling.
5. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un matériau d'enrobage interne (12) enrobant les éléments explosifs unitaires (6) et servant de matériau d'amortissement des chocs pendant la manipulation et le transport de l'engin explosif.5. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an internal coating material (12) coating the unit explosive elements (6) and serving as shock absorbing material during handling and transport of the explosive device.
6. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des conteneurs internes (14) en forme d'alvéoles dans lesquelles sont placées les éléments explosifs unitaires (6). 6. Explosive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises internal containers (14) in the form of cells in which are placed the unit explosive elements (6).
7. Engin explosif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les parois des conteneurs peuvent également servir de matériau d'amortissement des chocs pendant la manipulation et le transport de l'engin explosif. 7. Explosive device according to claim 6, characterized in that the walls of the containers can also serve as shock absorbing material during the handling and transport of the explosive device.
8. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau d'enrobage et/ou les parois des conteneurs sont suffisamment fragiles pour se rompre sous l'action d'une force de choc donnée, mais suffisamment solides pour permettre la manipulation et le déplacement de l'engin explosif. 8. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating material and / or the walls of the containers are sufficiently fragile to rupture under the action of a given impact force, but sufficiently solid to allow the handling and movement of the explosive device.
9. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments explosifs unitaires peuvent être solidarisés les uns des autres par tout moyen connu ou non, qui est rompu lors d'un choc, en activant ainsi les éléments unitaires.9. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unit explosive elements can be joined to each other by any known or unknown means, which is broken during an impact, thereby activating the unit elements .
10. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 peuvent exploser à différentes distances réglables lorsqu'ils sont éjectés hors de l'engin explosif.10. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unit explosive elements 29 can explode at different adjustable distances when they are ejected from the explosive device.
11. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 peuvent exploser dans une direction programmée.11. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unit explosive elements 29 can explode in a programmed direction.
12. Engin explosif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdites distances sont réglables dans une plage d'environ 10 mètres à plusieurs centaines de mètres.12. Explosive device according to claim 10, characterized in that said distances are adjustable within a range of about 10 meters to several hundred meters.
13. Engin explosif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments explosifs unitaires 29 ont des puissances différentes. 13. Explosive device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unit explosive elements 29 have different powers.
PCT/FR2002/003777 2001-11-06 2002-11-05 Explosive device comprising numerous components WO2003040645A1 (en)

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