WO2003069705B1 - Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack

Info

Publication number
WO2003069705B1
WO2003069705B1 PCT/CA2003/000216 CA0300216W WO03069705B1 WO 2003069705 B1 WO2003069705 B1 WO 2003069705B1 CA 0300216 W CA0300216 W CA 0300216W WO 03069705 B1 WO03069705 B1 WO 03069705B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
matrix
fuel cells
cell stack
electrode layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2003/000216
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2003069705A2 (en
WO2003069705A3 (en
Inventor
Partho Sarkar
Hongsang Rho
Original Assignee
Alberta Res Council
Partho Sarkar
Hongsang Rho
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US10/504,624 priority Critical patent/US7736772B2/en
Priority to AU2003208194A priority patent/AU2003208194A1/en
Priority to DE60310371T priority patent/DE60310371T2/en
Priority to KR1020047012675A priority patent/KR101021341B1/en
Priority to BR0307643-1A priority patent/BR0307643A/en
Priority to JP2003568716A priority patent/JP4672982B2/en
Application filed by Alberta Res Council, Partho Sarkar, Hongsang Rho filed Critical Alberta Res Council
Priority to CA2475906A priority patent/CA2475906C/en
Priority to EP03706147A priority patent/EP1472755B1/en
Publication of WO2003069705A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003069705A2/en
Publication of WO2003069705A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003069705A3/en
Publication of WO2003069705B1 publication Critical patent/WO2003069705B1/en
Priority to NO20043823A priority patent/NO20043823L/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D1/00—Electroforming
    • C25D1/12—Electroforming by electrophoresis
    • C25D1/14—Electroforming by electrophoresis of inorganic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/02—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with inorganic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated
    • C25D13/14—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0236—Glass; Ceramics; Cermets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
    • H01M8/1226—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material characterised by the supporting layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/243—Grouping of unit cells of tubular or cylindrical configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00853—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in electrochemical cells or batteries, e.g. fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

This invention relates to a stack comprising a continuous solid-phase matrix and tubular fuel cells embedded in the matrix. Each fuel cell comprises an inner electrode layer, an outer electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer sandwiched between the inner and outer electrode layers. The matrix is sufficiently porous to allow a first reactant to flow through the matrix and to the outer electrode of each fuel cell, and have sufficient mechanical strength to support the fuel cells in the stack. The fuel cells are embedded such that a second reactant may be flowed through the inside of each tubular fuel cell and to the inner electrode thereof. Alternatively, a stack of tubular separation membranes or a stack of tubular membrane reactors may be embedded in the matrix. The matrix material may comprise solid state foam, metal filament, or metal, cermet, or ceramic wool.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the Inteπiational Bureau on 12 September 2003 (12.09.03); new claims 43, 44 and 45 have been added ]
38. The fluid separation apparatus of claim 37 wherein the membrane reactor separation membrane has a composition that includes material selected from the group of Pd and Sr-Fe-Co-O.
39. The fluid separation apparatus of claim 38 wherein the membrane reactor separation membrane has a composition that includes Pd and has a thickness of between about 0.5 and 10 μm.
40. The fluid separation apparatus of claim 38 wherein the membrane reactor separation membrane has a composition that includes Sr-Fe-Co-0 and has a thickness of between 0.5 - 50 urn.
41. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the matrix comprises metal filament.
42. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 wherein the matrix comprises a metal, ceramic or cermet wool.
43. A fuel cell stack comprising (a) a plurality of tubular fuel cells, each fuel cell comprising an inner electrode layer, an outer electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer sandwiched between the inner and outer electrode layers; and, (b) a continuous solid state porous foam matrix in which the fuel cells are embedded, wherein a first reactant is flowable through the matrix and to the outer electrode layer of at least one of the fuel cells, and a second reactant is flowable through the inside of at least one of the fuel cells and to the inner electrode thereof.
44. The fuel cell stack of claim 43 wherein the diameter of at least one of the fuel cells is in the range of about 10 μm to 5000 μm.
45. The fuel cell stack of claim 44 wherein the inner electrode layer of at least one the fuel cells is produced by a process selected from the group consisting of electrophoretic deposition, metal electrodeposition, and composite electrodeposition.
PCT/CA2003/000216 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack WO2003069705A2 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003208194A AU2003208194A1 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
DE60310371T DE60310371T2 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 BUNDLED TUBULAR SOLID OXYGEN FUEL CELLS
KR1020047012675A KR101021341B1 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
BR0307643-1A BR0307643A (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
JP2003568716A JP4672982B2 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
US10/504,624 US7736772B2 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
CA2475906A CA2475906C (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
EP03706147A EP1472755B1 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack
NO20043823A NO20043823L (en) 2002-02-14 2004-09-13 Tubular oxide solid fuel cell group

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/078,548 2002-02-14
US10/078,548 US6824907B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2002-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003069705A2 WO2003069705A2 (en) 2003-08-21
WO2003069705A3 WO2003069705A3 (en) 2003-10-09
WO2003069705B1 true WO2003069705B1 (en) 2004-03-04

Family

ID=27732845

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2003/000216 WO2003069705A2 (en) 2002-02-14 2003-02-14 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell stack

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US6824907B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1472755B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4672982B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101021341B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1312803C (en)
AT (1) ATE348410T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003208194A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0307643A (en)
CA (1) CA2475906C (en)
DE (1) DE60310371T2 (en)
NO (1) NO20043823L (en)
RU (1) RU2004126863A (en)
WO (1) WO2003069705A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

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US9263758B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2016-02-16 Technical University Of Denmark Reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack and method for preparing same

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