WO2004005385A1 - Aus kunststoff bestehendes werkzeug - Google Patents
Aus kunststoff bestehendes werkzeug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004005385A1 WO2004005385A1 PCT/EP2002/014649 EP0214649W WO2004005385A1 WO 2004005385 A1 WO2004005385 A1 WO 2004005385A1 EP 0214649 W EP0214649 W EP 0214649W WO 2004005385 A1 WO2004005385 A1 WO 2004005385A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- tool
- nanoscale particles
- tool according
- proportion
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/01—Selection of materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tool consisting at least partially of plastic.
- Nanoscale particles with particle sizes significantly below one ⁇ m are used in nano-technology. Due to the size of these particles in the range between 10 "9 and 10 " ⁇ meters, the order of magnitude of atomic structures in solid-state systems that no longer obey the known macroscopic laws.
- the particle size of such nanoparticles is generally smaller than the wavelength of short-wave visible light (approx. 400 nm), so that these particles can no longer be made visible using a conventional microscope.
- the production and handling of such nanoscale particles is associated with relatively great effort.
- Various interesting technical applications of nanoscale inorganic solid particles were considered, for example their use in coatings for optical elements (see DE 41 33 621 A1). Because of the application mentioned, this publication is primarily concerned with the production of transparent composite materials.
- Tools that are used, for example, for forming processes such as deep-drawing processes or the like often have the disadvantage of a relatively short service life. If, for example, stamps, sheet metal holders or dies, which are made of plastic, are used for the deep drawing of metal parts, there is a high wear on the contact surfaces and the material of the tool has a lack of insufficient compressive strength. This often leads to rapid tool failure.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an at least partially plastic tool which has better wear properties and thus has a longer service life.
- a tool according to the invention with the features of the main claim provides the solution to this problem.
- the tool which is at least partially made of plastic, contains a proportion of nanoscale particles embedded in the plastic. With regard to wear, this results in significantly better material properties and generally also better friction properties than with conventional plastic materials.
- the tools When using such tools according to the invention for forming processes, the tools have a longer service life and therefore enable use in a much higher number of working cycles.
- the grain size of the nano-particles used according to the invention preferably varies approximately in the range between 15 and 250 nanometers.
- the plastic material produced using these nanoscale particles can be present as a casting material or as a block material.
- the proportion of nanoscale particles in the plastic can vary over a wide range. It is particularly preferred to use a proportion of between about 5 percent by weight and about 60 percent by weight of nanoscale particles based on the total weight of the composite material.
- This nanoscale particle is preferably largely homogeneously distributed in the plastic.
- the nanoscale particles are advantageously embedded in the polymer of the plastic. In order to achieve a largely homogeneous distribution of the nanoscale particles, these are preferably provided with a surface modifier during the production of the composite material.
- a glass-like amorphous structure is formed in the plastic, which gives it properties that make it particularly suitable for use as a tool material, which material retains its elasticity, in particular despite the glass-like structural properties of the base material.
- polyurethanes, epoxy resins or plastics with comparable properties come into consideration as plastics for the base material.
- particles from inorganic substances are primarily considered in the context of the present invention.
- These can be oxides of metals, for example.
- oxides of metals with sufficient hardness and / or friction resistance may be preferred, such as silicon oxides, titanium oxides or the like.
- investigations were carried out in which mixtures of plastic which contained nanoscale particles were compared with plastics which contained other additives, the plastics containing the nanoscale particles according to the invention proving to be particularly advantageous with regard to various properties, especially with regard to wear properties, compressive strength and friction properties.
- Tools were produced with the plastics according to the invention and deep-drawing tests were carried out with these tools. It was found that both the dimensional accuracy and the service life of the deep-drawing tools are greatly improved. Such deep-drawing tools made of plastic are normally worn out relatively quickly. By embedding nanoscale particles in an amount of, for example, about 20 percent by weight based on the total weight of the composite material, better results could be obtained Friction and wear conditions can be achieved. By embedding additional lubricants such as graphite or molybdenum sulfide, the wear and deep-drawing behavior of the tools could be further improved, as can be seen from the following exemplary embodiments.
- the plastic tools according to the invention with embedded nanoscale particles have the advantage that the material costs are somewhat (for example up to 70%) lower than in conventional steel tools. These tools are easier to process and require less machine use. This leads to a reduced energy and power requirement in machine work.
- the plastic tools according to the invention have a shorter training period than steel tools. They have a much lower weight. For example, weight reductions of up to 60% can be achieved, which can reduce the load on, for example, crane systems when handling the tools.
- the plastic tools according to the invention or plastic inserts for tools made therefrom can be changed more easily, which is also associated with a cost, energy and time saving. Disused tools can be completely reused, for example as fillers for new plastic tools, so that there is no need to dispose of them. Since the plastic tools show an elastic behavior, an increase in quality is achieved in the workpieces formed by means of such forming tools. The friction conditions, particularly in deep-drawing processes, are improved by introducing additional substances with sliding properties. This eliminates the need for liquid lubricants, which makes the forming process more environmentally friendly.
- the present invention further relates to a method for forming workpieces, in particular metal parts, by means of a forming tool consisting at least partially of plastic, in which, according to the invention, the forming tool contains a proportion of nanoscale particles embedded in the plastic.
- a forming tool is used as a deep-drawing tool in a method for deep-drawing metal sheets, in particular body components or bodies for automobiles.
- Fig. 1 is a SEM image of a section through a plastic for a tool according to the invention according to a first sample P-b1
- Fig. 2 shows another SEM image of the same sample as in Fig. 1 but in a larger magnification
- Fig. 3 is a SEM image of a fracture surface of a sample of an inventive
- Fig. 4 is a graphical representation of the modulus of elasticity and the compressive strength
- Fig. 5 is a graphical representation of the coefficients of friction when using
- Thermoformed tools made of plastics that contain various fillers
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the wear behavior of tools made of plastics with different fillers in deep drawing with increasing number of strokes.
- the grain size for the sample P-D4 was 800 nm, while the grain size for the other nanoparticles was considerably smaller.
- the nanoscale particles were each provided with surface modifiers and added to a plastic mass.
- inhomogeneity was already apparent when stirring and clumping occurred.
- the sample cured it was found that there were numerous air pockets in the plastic.
- the second column package is the result of a test in which a plastic with embedded graphite was used.
- the third column package shows the values for a plastic with molybdenum sulfide additive.
- the fourth column package shows the values for a plastic with embedded PTFE as a material with sliding properties.
- the fifth column package shows the values for a tool made of a plastic with nanoscale particles.
- model tools were manufactured in each case, stamps being produced from different plastics with nanoscale particles according to the invention or with conventional additives, in which the tool had radii in certain areas. These areas, for example edge areas of the tool, were measured as critical areas for the wear behavior after deep drawing of 100 parts each. It was found that a stamp made from the nanoscale particle in accordance with the invention containing the plastic had the best wear behavior, since there were the smallest dimensional deviations on the radii.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02793098A EP1523519B1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-12-20 | Aus kunststoff bestehendes werkzeug |
US10/520,055 US7579399B2 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-12-20 | Tool consisting of plastic material |
JP2004518485A JP2005532168A (ja) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-12-20 | プラスチック材料を含む工具 |
AU2002358779A AU2002358779A1 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-12-20 | Tool consisting of plastic material |
DE50211655T DE50211655D1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-12-20 | Aus kunststoff bestehendes werkzeug |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10231001A DE10231001A1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | Aus Kunststoff bestehendes Werkzeug |
DE10231001.7 | 2002-07-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004005385A1 true WO2004005385A1 (de) | 2004-01-15 |
Family
ID=30009864
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2002/014649 WO2004005385A1 (de) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-12-20 | Aus kunststoff bestehendes werkzeug |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7579399B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1523519B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2005532168A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100872956B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002358779A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10231001A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004005385A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10329228A1 (de) * | 2003-06-28 | 2005-01-20 | Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH (IVW) | Polymer-Verbundwerkstoff mit einem Füllmaterial zur Erhöhung der Verschleißfestigkeit |
US8499599B2 (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2013-08-06 | Purdue Research Foundation | Laser-based three-dimensional high strain rate nanoforming techniques |
DE102016213375B4 (de) | 2016-07-21 | 2022-10-13 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metallbearbeitungswerkzeugs und Metallbearbeitungswerkzeug |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1910705A1 (de) * | 1969-03-03 | 1970-09-17 | Wittmoser Dr Ing Adalbert | Werkzeuge zur Herstellung von Teilen aus Kunststoffschaeumen |
DE19756790A1 (de) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-01 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Prepolymer mit darin isoliert dispergierten nanoskaligen Feststoffteilchen, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung |
DE19859298A1 (de) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Bayer Ag | Nanoskaligen Maghämit oder Magnetit enthaltende Polyamid-Formmassen |
DE19933819A1 (de) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-02-01 | Bayer Ag | Kompakte und/oder zellige Polyurethanelastomere mit nanoskaligen Füllstoffen |
WO2001090241A1 (de) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-11-29 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Schlagzähmodifizierte polymer-zusammensetzungen |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2524806C2 (de) * | 1975-06-04 | 1983-12-22 | Aktiebolaget Volvo, 40508 Göteborg | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Werkzeugs zum Tiefziehen, Formen, Strangpressen bzw. Extrudieren oder dergleichen |
US5952093A (en) * | 1997-02-20 | 1999-09-14 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymer composite comprising a inorganic layered material and a polymer matrix and a method for its preparation |
MY122234A (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2006-04-29 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Nanostructured moulded bodies and layers and method for producing same |
DE19746265A1 (de) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-22 | Bayer Ag | Verbunde aus Polyurethan und einem thermoplastischen Material |
US6214277B1 (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 2001-04-10 | Starlite Co., Ltd. | Method for producing plastic composite molded parts |
US6147301A (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 2000-11-14 | Intel Corporation | Graphite-fiber enhanced molded plastic for electronic enclosures |
DE19825223C2 (de) * | 1998-06-05 | 2000-11-30 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Formwerkzeug und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US6667360B1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2003-12-23 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Nanoparticle-filled polymers |
US6342560B1 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2002-01-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Chemically modified fillers and polymeric compositions containing same |
CN1125124C (zh) * | 2000-01-21 | 2003-10-22 | 四川大学 | 纳米粒子增韧增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备方法 |
CN1288206C (zh) | 2001-12-26 | 2006-12-06 | 河北工业大学 | 一种环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其制备方法 |
-
2002
- 2002-07-09 DE DE10231001A patent/DE10231001A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-20 DE DE50211655T patent/DE50211655D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-20 AU AU2002358779A patent/AU2002358779A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-20 US US10/520,055 patent/US7579399B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-20 KR KR1020057000341A patent/KR100872956B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-12-20 EP EP02793098A patent/EP1523519B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-20 JP JP2004518485A patent/JP2005532168A/ja active Pending
- 2002-12-20 WO PCT/EP2002/014649 patent/WO2004005385A1/de active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1910705A1 (de) * | 1969-03-03 | 1970-09-17 | Wittmoser Dr Ing Adalbert | Werkzeuge zur Herstellung von Teilen aus Kunststoffschaeumen |
DE19756790A1 (de) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-01 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Prepolymer mit darin isoliert dispergierten nanoskaligen Feststoffteilchen, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung |
DE19859298A1 (de) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Bayer Ag | Nanoskaligen Maghämit oder Magnetit enthaltende Polyamid-Formmassen |
DE19933819A1 (de) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-02-01 | Bayer Ag | Kompakte und/oder zellige Polyurethanelastomere mit nanoskaligen Füllstoffen |
WO2001090241A1 (de) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-11-29 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Schlagzähmodifizierte polymer-zusammensetzungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2002358779A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
US7579399B2 (en) | 2009-08-25 |
US20060014881A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
JP2005532168A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
KR20050025326A (ko) | 2005-03-14 |
DE50211655D1 (de) | 2008-03-20 |
KR100872956B1 (ko) | 2008-12-08 |
DE10231001A1 (de) | 2004-02-12 |
EP1523519A1 (de) | 2005-04-20 |
EP1523519B1 (de) | 2008-02-06 |
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