WO2004012851A2 - Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples - Google Patents

Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004012851A2
WO2004012851A2 PCT/FR2003/002253 FR0302253W WO2004012851A2 WO 2004012851 A2 WO2004012851 A2 WO 2004012851A2 FR 0302253 W FR0302253 W FR 0302253W WO 2004012851 A2 WO2004012851 A2 WO 2004012851A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
tubes
bearing
rotation
bearings
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2003/002253
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2004012851A3 (en
Inventor
Jean Boquet
Alain-Jean Esteve
Original Assignee
Bertin Technologies S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0209832A external-priority patent/FR2843047B1/en
Priority claimed from FR0302308A external-priority patent/FR2851480B1/en
Priority to IL16650503A priority Critical patent/IL166505A0/en
Priority to NZ538093A priority patent/NZ538093A/en
Priority to CA2495446A priority patent/CA2495446C/en
Priority to EP03755612A priority patent/EP1525047B1/en
Priority to AT03755612T priority patent/ATE443567T1/en
Priority to DE60329394T priority patent/DE60329394D1/en
Application filed by Bertin Technologies S.A. filed Critical Bertin Technologies S.A.
Priority to UAA200501849A priority patent/UA82329C2/en
Priority to MXPA05001306A priority patent/MXPA05001306A/en
Priority to AU2003273452A priority patent/AU2003273452B2/en
Priority to JP2004525457A priority patent/JP4698220B2/en
Publication of WO2004012851A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004012851A2/en
Publication of WO2004012851A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004012851A3/en
Priority to IL166505A priority patent/IL166505A/en
Priority to US11/044,549 priority patent/US7101077B2/en
Priority to TNP2005000026A priority patent/TNSN05026A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/20—Mixing the contents of independent containers, e.g. test tubes
    • B01F31/26—Mixing the contents of independent containers, e.g. test tubes the containers being submitted to a wobbling movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples, in particular biological samples, the rapid vibration of the tubes performing grinding of the samples.
  • Document US-A-5,567,050 describes an apparatus for carrying out such a method comprising a plate for supporting the tubes and means for driving the plate in oscillatory movement around a center of rotation.
  • the drive means comprise an electric motor, the output shaft of which is provided with a sleeve with an external cylindrical surface inclined obliquely to the axis of the output shaft of the motor.
  • the plate is mounted to rotate freely on the sleeve by means of axially aligned bearings and it is associated with immobilization means in rotation, so that when the sleeve is rotated by the motor, it oscillates the plate around a center of rotation which is formed by the intersection of the axis of the motor shaft and the axis of the cylindrical outer surface of the sleeve.
  • the tubes fixed to the periphery of the plate at equal distance from the center of rotation are thus moved in substantially curvilinear reciprocating motion.
  • the speed of rotation of the motor output shaft can be between 3000 and 8000 revolutions per minute and the samples are subjected to linear accelerations from 150 to 400 g, for their grinding.
  • This known device however has the drawback of rapid heating of the bearings which are used to mount the plate on the sleeve and which support all the efforts to rotate the plate, which causes rapid wear of these bearings and a very significant reduction in their service life, heating of the bearings also resulting in a heating of the plate which is transmitted to the tubes and to the samples contained in the tubes.
  • this type of device it is not possible with this type of device to oscillate the plate at a speed greater than 6000 revolutions per minute without causing the more or less rapid destruction of the device.
  • overheating of the bearings and the plate means that it takes a certain time between two grinding cycles to allow the plate and the bearings to cool sufficiently.
  • the tubes must be handled one by one to be placed in the housings provided on the plate and to be removed therefrom, and it is also necessary to set up and maneuver by hand means for blocking the tubes. in their tray housings, which greatly extends the loading and unloading times of the device and therefore increases the total durations of the sample analysis cycles.
  • the present invention aims in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to this problem.
  • It relates to a device of the aforementioned type, which allows the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples to be analyzed and which has a life much longer than that of known competitive devices.
  • It also relates to a device of the aforementioned type, which can operate without damage at high oscillation frequencies, higher than those of known competitive devices.
  • an apparatus for the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples, in particular biological samples comprising a plate for supporting the tubes and means for driving the plate in oscillatory movement around a center of rotation located on the axis of symmetry of the plate, characterized in that the plate is supported and centered on an elastically suspended part of the device by means of two concentric bearings mounted one inside the other, one of these bearings being of the ball type allowing the oscillatory movement of the plate around the center of rotation.
  • An essential advantage of the apparatus according to the invention is that the means for supporting and centering the plate do not have to withstand forces due to the rotation of the plate so that these means can be formed by bearings, in particular by bearings without the latter being rapidly damaged or destroyed during operation of the device.
  • the two bearings are ball bearings.
  • the first of these bearings comprises a radially internal cage secured to an axial cylindrical end piece of the plate, and a radially external cage which is rotationally secured to the radially internal cage of the second bearing.
  • the radially outer cage of the second bearing is integral with the fixed part of the device.
  • the first bearing is a ball joint, which allows the oscillatory movement of the plate around the center of rotation.
  • the second bearing is a ball bearing whose internal cage rotates at high speed with the external cage of the first bearing, the internal cages of the first bearing and external of the second bearing being fixed in rotation, and the internal cage of the first bearing oscillating with the tray relative to the outer cage of this first bearing.
  • the cylindrical end piece of the plate is, at its free end, connected by a third bearing, such as a ball bearing of the swiveling type, to an eccentric mounted at the end of a motor shaft.
  • a third bearing such as a ball bearing of the swiveling type
  • the end piece is mounted axially sliding in the third bearing, or the first bearing is mounted axially sliding inside the second.
  • the tubes are mounted in housings provided in baskets in the form of circular sectors which are positioned and removably fixed on the plate, and means are provided for holding the tubes in their housings, these means advantageously comprising a cover mounted on the plate for covering the tubes placed in their housings, and means for blocking or locking the cover in its position for holding the tubes.
  • the cover is held by vacuum on the plate in a position for blocking the tubes in their housings.
  • the cover defines with the tray a sealed chamber, which is connected to a source of vacuum.
  • latching locking means are provided on the plate to allow angular positioning and rapid and automatic locking of the cover in its position for holding the tubes in their housings.
  • the means for connecting the chamber to the vacuum source form means for immobilizing the rotating plate.
  • the cover has radial fingers at its periphery, each radial finger applying elastically to the stopper of a tube to hold the tube in its housing of the tray.
  • a ring has at its periphery orifices for receiving tubes and allows loading of the tubes outside the device. Then, the crown carrying the tubes is placed on the plate and is covered with the aforementioned cover, fixed and maintained by vacuum as previously indicated.
  • the aforementioned crown comprises blind housings for receiving the tubes and a rubber ring or the like is placed on the crown to close these housings in leaktight manner when the cover is put in place on the crown, itself laid on the tray.
  • the concentric bearings of the plate are carried by a crown which is fixed to a fixed frame by elastic suspension means.
  • the electric drive motor of the plate is fixedly mounted on this chassis, its output shaft is connected by an elastic coupling to a disc carrying the eccentric third bearing for driving the cylindrical end of the plate, and this disc is mounted in a bearing box carried by the chassis.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view in axial section of the tray of the apparatus of Figure 1 with its cover;
  • FIG. 3 shows means for immobilizing in rotation
  • - Figure 4 is a partial schematic view of the tube receiving means
  • - Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view showing another characteristic of the invention.
  • the apparatus according to the invention comprises a frame 10 whose lower part contains an electric motor 12 whose output shaft 14 is oriented vertically upwards and carries a disc 16 on which a bearing 18 is mounted obliquely and eccentrically.
  • This bearing 18 receives the lower end of an oblique shaft 20 formed by an axially cylindrical end-piece of a plate 22 for supporting sample tubes 24, the plate 22 extending perpendicular to the shaft 20 and being fixedly mounted in end of it or being formed in one piece with the shaft 20, as shown.
  • the bearing 18 is inclined to be axially aligned with the shaft 20 and is preferably of the swivel type for catching up small mechanical defects.
  • the plate 22 is supported and centered on a ring 26 carried by the frame 10, by means of two concentric bearings 28, 30 mounted one inside the other between the shaft 20 and the ring 26 and represented by schematically in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the first bearing 28 is a ball joint and comprises a radially internal cage fixed on the shaft 20, and a radially external cage with respect to which the internal cage can oscillate around a center of rotation located on the axis of the 'shaft 20. This center of rotation is the center of the oscillatory movement of the plate 22 in the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the external cage of the bearing 28 is integral in rotation with the internal cage of the second bearing 30, inside which it is mounted.
  • the external cage of the second bearing 30 is fixed inside a ring 32 which is fixed by screws to the crown 26.
  • This ring carries on its upper face a washer covering the bearings 28, 30 and separating them in a sealed manner of the upper part of the plate 22 which carries the tubes 24.
  • the crown 26 includes a peripheral flange 54 fixed by screws on a plate 27 mounted on the chassis 10 by elastic suspension means 29.
  • the motor 12 is fixed on the plate 27.
  • Means are provided for immobilizing the rotating plate and for example include one or more springs radially connecting the crown 26 to the shaft 20.
  • these means comprise two parallel springs 37 mounted between the ring 26 and a washer 38 secured to the shaft 20.
  • the middle parts and the ends of the springs are fixed by screwing on legs or cylindrical sleeves of the base 26 and the washer 38 as shown.
  • These springs can be slightly prestressed in compression or in tension in the position balance shown in the drawing.
  • this device is as follows: When the motor 12 is powered, the disc 16 is rotated around a vertical axis 34 and the oblique shaft 20 rotates by traversing a conical surface whose apex is at the intersection between the vertical axis 34 of rotation of the disc 16 and the axis of the oblique shaft 20.
  • the plate 22 which is fixed in rotation around the axis of the oblique shaft 20 and the vertical axis 34, is then driven in oscillating movement around the center of rotation formed by the intersection of the axis 34 and the axis of the shaft 20, and the tubes 24 carried by the plate 22 are moved in curvilinear reciprocating movement as indicated by the arrow 36.
  • the external cages of the first bearing 28 and internal of the second bearing 30, fixed relative to one another, are driven in rotation at high speed when the disc 16 is driven in rotation.
  • This rotation of the cages only interests parts with low inertia and almost without friction and only absorbs relatively low energy. Thanks to the rotation of these two cages, the torque transmitted to the plate 22 is relatively very low, and the plate can be immobilized in rotation by simple and light means.
  • the two bearings 28, 30 of the device show no sign of fatigue or wear when the disc 16 is driven at rotational speeds of the order of 6500 revolutions per minute during cycles of 60 seconds repeated to a few minutes intervals over periods of several days.
  • the apparatus according to the invention can be used with rotational speeds of 8000 revolutions per minute, the tubes being subjected to accelerations of approximately 600 g.
  • the stroke of the tubes 24 can be modified simply by changing the eccentricity of the bearing 18 or the diameter of the plate 22.
  • the tubes 24 containing the samples are closed by stoppers 40 which are held in place by means of a cover 42, of circular shape, which is engaged on the upper face of the plate 22.
  • the cover 42 comprises radial fingers d elastic support on the caps 40 of the tubes 24 placed in their housings which are formed by orifices in the periphery of the plate 22.
  • the cover 42 placed on the plate 22 delimits with the latter a sealed chamber 44 which is connected to a vacuum source external to the device by flexible conduits 45 which connect the plate 22 to the crown 26 and which can advantageously form means for immobilizing the plate 22 in rotation.
  • the flexible conduits 45 are advantageously housed inside coil springs to resist the forces and the driving frequencies and ensure the immobilization of the plate 22 in rotation in place of the means 37, 38 described above.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative embodiment shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4 allows an operator to individually prepare the tubes 24, to close them by means of the plugs 40 and then to place them in their housings with a removable crown 46 intended to be mounted between the plate 22 and the cover 42.
  • the loading and unloading of the device according to the invention is therefore carried out in a simple and rapid manner.
  • the receptacles for receiving the tubes 24 in the crown 46 are blind and an annular lining 50 made of rubber or the like can be placed on these receptacles to close them individually in a sealed manner.
  • the electric motor 12 is fixed by screws or the like directly on the chassis 10 and the crown 26 is mounted on the chassis 10 by elastic suspension means of a conventional type, which for example comprise pads 52 of rubber or the like connected in pairs to the chassis 10 and to a peripheral flange 54 of the crown 26 applied to the plate 27
  • elastic suspension means of a conventional type, which for example comprise pads 52 of rubber or the like connected in pairs to the chassis 10 and to a peripheral flange 54 of the crown 26 applied to the plate 27
  • the angle formed by the axes of the tubes 24 with the axis of the nozzle 20 is small, typically between 5 and 30 ° approximately and preferably approximately 10 °.
  • the balls contained with the samples in the inclined tubes 24 are better displaced through the samples and achieve better grinding thereof.
  • FIG. 6 Another advantageous characteristic of the invention is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the end piece 20 of the plate 22 is mounted axially sliding at its lower end in the eccentric bearing 18 carried by the disc 16 as already described.
  • the disc 16 is not fixed directly to the output shaft of the motor 12, but is mounted in a bearing box 56 fixed to the chassis 10, and is rotated by the shaft of the motor 12 by means of a elastic coupling.
  • This elastic coupling comprises an expandable hub 58 mounting a metal base 60 on the output shaft of the motor 12, and rubber tubes 62 which are received in housings of the base of the disc 16 and fixed to the base 60 by screws 64 housed in the tubes 62.
  • the bearing box 56 comprises an upper horizontal bearing 66 and a lower horizontal bearing 68, the outer cages of which are locked in the box 56.
  • the inner cage of the upper bearing 66 is integral with the disc 16, which can slide in the inner cage of lower bearing 68 for reasons of thermal expansion.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to further protect the motor 12 from vibrations and to decouple it from the vibrational point of view of the disc 16, of the bearing 18 and of the end piece 20 of the plate 22.
  • the life of the motor and the apparatus are increased according to the invention can be used at full load at higher rotational speeds (for example 6800 rpm or more instead of 6000 rpm) without problems for the motor 12.
  • this device advantageously comprises a pivoting cover which covers the plate 22 for grinding the samples and which is equipped with locking means in the closed position of the electromagnetic or vacuum type.

Abstract

The inventive device for fast vibration of tubes (24) containing samples, for example biological samples comprises a platform (22) for supporting the tubes and concentric bearing blocks (28, 30) for arranging the platform in a crown (26) which is elastically suspended on a frame (10). Said bearing blocks comprise two rolling bearings arranged one inside the other. Said invention makes it possible to exposed the samples containing tubes to an alternate curvilinear and high frequency motion.

Description

APPAREIL POUR LA VIBRATION RAPIDE DE TUBES CONTENANT DES ECHANTILLONS. APPARATUS FOR RAPID VIBRATION OF TUBES CONTAINING SAMPLES.
L'invention concerne un appareil pour la vibration rapide de tubes contenant des échantillons, en particulier des échantillons biologiques, la vibration rapide des tubes réalisant un broyage des échantillons.The invention relates to an apparatus for the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples, in particular biological samples, the rapid vibration of the tubes performing grinding of the samples.
Il est en effet déjà connu de broyer des échantillons biologiques en enfermant les échantillons dans des tubes qui contiennent également des microbilles de verre ou de céramique et en soumettant les tubes fermés de façon étanche à une vibration axiale à fréquence élevée, par exemple d'environ 100 Hz, pendant une durée relativement courte, de l'ordre de 30 à 60 secondes par exemple.It is in fact already known to grind biological samples by enclosing the samples in tubes which also contain glass or ceramic microbeads and by subjecting the closed tubes tightly to an axial vibration at high frequency, for example around 100 Hz, for a relatively short time, of the order of 30 to 60 seconds for example.
Le document US-A-5,567,050 décrit un appareil pour l'exécution d'un tel procédé comprenant un plateau de support des tubes et des moyens d'entraînement du plateau en mouvement oscillatoire autour d'un centre de rotation. Les moyens d'entraînement comprennent un moteur électrique dont l'arbre de sortie est muni d'un manchon à surface cylindrique extérieure inclinée en oblique par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre de sortie du moteur. Le plateau est monté libre en rotation sur le manchon au moyen de roulements axialement alignés et il est associé à des moyens d'immobilisation en rotation, de telle sorte que quand le manchon est entraîné en rotation par le moteur, il fait osciller le plateau autour d'un centre de rotation qui est formé par l'intersection de l'axe de l'arbre du moteur et de l'axe de la surface extérieure cylindrique du manchon. Les tubes fixés à la périphérie du plateau à égale distance du centre de rotation sont ainsi déplacés en mouvement alternatif sensiblement curviligne. Théoriquement, la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre de sortie du moteur peut être comprise entre 3000 et 8000 tours par minute et les échantillons sont soumis à des accélérations linéaires de 150 à 400 g, pour leur broyage.Document US-A-5,567,050 describes an apparatus for carrying out such a method comprising a plate for supporting the tubes and means for driving the plate in oscillatory movement around a center of rotation. The drive means comprise an electric motor, the output shaft of which is provided with a sleeve with an external cylindrical surface inclined obliquely to the axis of the output shaft of the motor. The plate is mounted to rotate freely on the sleeve by means of axially aligned bearings and it is associated with immobilization means in rotation, so that when the sleeve is rotated by the motor, it oscillates the plate around a center of rotation which is formed by the intersection of the axis of the motor shaft and the axis of the cylindrical outer surface of the sleeve. The tubes fixed to the periphery of the plate at equal distance from the center of rotation are thus moved in substantially curvilinear reciprocating motion. Theoretically, the speed of rotation of the motor output shaft can be between 3000 and 8000 revolutions per minute and the samples are subjected to linear accelerations from 150 to 400 g, for their grinding.
Cet appareil connu présente toutefois l'inconvénient d'un échauffement rapide des roulements qui servent au montage du plateau sur le manchon et qui supportent tous les efforts de mise en rotation du plateau, ce qui provoque une usure rapide de ces roulements et une réduction très sensible de leur durée de vie, réchauffement des roulements se traduisant également par un échauffement du plateau qui se transmet aux tubes et aux échantillons contenus dans les tubes. En pratique, il n'est pas possible avec ce type d'appareil de faire osciller le plateau à une vitesse supérieure à 6000 tours par minute environ sans provoquer la destruction plus ou moins rapide de l'appareil. En outre, échauffement des roulements et du plateau oblige à attendre un certain temps entre deux cycles de broyage, pour laisser refroidir suffisamment le plateau et les roulements.This known device however has the drawback of rapid heating of the bearings which are used to mount the plate on the sleeve and which support all the efforts to rotate the plate, which causes rapid wear of these bearings and a very significant reduction in their service life, heating of the bearings also resulting in a heating of the plate which is transmitted to the tubes and to the samples contained in the tubes. In practice, it is not possible with this type of device to oscillate the plate at a speed greater than 6000 revolutions per minute without causing the more or less rapid destruction of the device. In addition, overheating of the bearings and the plate means that it takes a certain time between two grinding cycles to allow the plate and the bearings to cool sufficiently.
De plus, dans cet appareil connu, les tubes doivent être manipulés un par un pour être placés dans les logements prévus sur le plateau et pour en être retirés, et il faut également mettre en place et manœuvrer à la main des moyens de blocage des tubes dans leurs logements du plateau, ce qui allonge fortement les durées de chargement et de déchargement de l'appareil et augmente d'autant les durées totales des cycles d'analyse des échantillons. La présente invention a notamment pour but d'apporter une solution simple, efficace et économique à ce problème.In addition, in this known device, the tubes must be handled one by one to be placed in the housings provided on the plate and to be removed therefrom, and it is also necessary to set up and maneuver by hand means for blocking the tubes. in their tray housings, which greatly extends the loading and unloading times of the device and therefore increases the total durations of the sample analysis cycles. The present invention aims in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to this problem.
Elle a pour objet un appareil du type précité, qui permet la vibration rapide de tubes contenant des échantillons à analyser et qui a une durée de vie très supérieure à celle des appareils concurrents connus.It relates to a device of the aforementioned type, which allows the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples to be analyzed and which has a life much longer than that of known competitive devices.
Elle a également pour objet un appareil du type précité, qui peut fonctionner sans dommage à des fréquences d'oscillation élevées, supérieures à celles des appareils concurrents connus.It also relates to a device of the aforementioned type, which can operate without damage at high oscillation frequencies, higher than those of known competitive devices.
Elle a encore pour objet un appareil de ce type, qui est plus simple et moins coûteux et aussi plus facile et plus rapide à utiliser que les appareils connus. Elle propose à cet effet, un appareil pour la vibration rapide de tubes contenant des échantillons, en particulier biologiques, comprenant un plateau de support des tubes et des moyens d'entraînement du plateau en mouvement oscillatoire autour d'un centre de rotation situé sur l'axe de symétrie du plateau, caractérisé en ce que le plateau est supporté et centré sur une partie suspendue élastiquement de l'appareil au moyen de deux paliers concentriques montés l'un à l'intérieur de l'autre, l'un de ces paliers étant du type à rotule permettant le mouvement oscillatoire du plateau autour du centre de rotation. Un avantage essentiel de l'appareil selon l'invention est que les moyens de support et de centrage du plateau n'ont pas à supporter d'efforts dus à la rotation du plateau de sorte que ces moyens peuvent être formés par des paliers, notamment par des roulements sans que ces derniers soient rapidement détériorés ou détruits lors du fonctionnement de l'appareil.It also relates to a device of this type, which is simpler and less expensive and also easier and faster to use than known devices. To this end, it proposes an apparatus for the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples, in particular biological samples, comprising a plate for supporting the tubes and means for driving the plate in oscillatory movement around a center of rotation located on the axis of symmetry of the plate, characterized in that the plate is supported and centered on an elastically suspended part of the device by means of two concentric bearings mounted one inside the other, one of these bearings being of the ball type allowing the oscillatory movement of the plate around the center of rotation. An essential advantage of the apparatus according to the invention is that the means for supporting and centering the plate do not have to withstand forces due to the rotation of the plate so that these means can be formed by bearings, in particular by bearings without the latter being rapidly damaged or destroyed during operation of the device.
De préférence, les deux paliers sont des roulements à billes. Le premier de ces paliers comprend une cage radialement interne solidaire d'un embout cylindrique axial du plateau, et une cage radialement externe qui est solidaire en rotation de la cage radialement interne du second palier. La cage radialement externe du second palier est solidaire de la partie fixe de l'appareil.Preferably, the two bearings are ball bearings. The first of these bearings comprises a radially internal cage secured to an axial cylindrical end piece of the plate, and a radially external cage which is rotationally secured to the radially internal cage of the second bearing. The radially outer cage of the second bearing is integral with the fixed part of the device.
Le premier palier est une rotule à billes, qui permet le mouvement oscillatoire du plateau autour du centre de rotation. Le second palier est un roulement à billes dont la cage interne tourne à grande vitesse avec la cage externe du premier palier, les cages interne du premier palier et externe du second palier étant fixes en rotation, et la cage interne du premier palier oscillant avec le plateau par rapport à la cage externe de ce premier palier.The first bearing is a ball joint, which allows the oscillatory movement of the plate around the center of rotation. The second bearing is a ball bearing whose internal cage rotates at high speed with the external cage of the first bearing, the internal cages of the first bearing and external of the second bearing being fixed in rotation, and the internal cage of the first bearing oscillating with the tray relative to the outer cage of this first bearing.
L'embout cylindrique du plateau est, à son extrémité libre, relié par un troisième palier, tel qu'un roulement à billes du type rotulant, à un excentrique monté en bout d'un arbre moteur. Pour accepter les dilatations thermiques, ou bien l'embout est monté axialement coulissant dans le troisième palier, ou bien le premier palier est monté axialement coulissant à l'intérieur du second.The cylindrical end piece of the plate is, at its free end, connected by a third bearing, such as a ball bearing of the swiveling type, to an eccentric mounted at the end of a motor shaft. To accept thermal expansion, either the end piece is mounted axially sliding in the third bearing, or the first bearing is mounted axially sliding inside the second.
Selon encore d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, les tubes sont montés dans des logements prévus dans des paniers en forme de secteurs circulaires qui sont positionnés et fixés de façon amovible sur le plateau, et des moyens sont prévus pour maintenir les tubes dans leurs logements, ces moyens comprenant avantageusement un couvercle monté sur le plateau pour recouvrir les tubes placés dans leurs logements, et des moyens de blocage ou de verrouillage du couvercle dans sa position de maintien des tubes.According to yet other characteristics of the invention, the tubes are mounted in housings provided in baskets in the form of circular sectors which are positioned and removably fixed on the plate, and means are provided for holding the tubes in their housings, these means advantageously comprising a cover mounted on the plate for covering the tubes placed in their housings, and means for blocking or locking the cover in its position for holding the tubes.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le couvercle est maintenu par dépression sur le plateau dans une position de blocage des tubes dans leurs logements. Pour cela, le couvercle délimite avec le plateau une chambre étanche, qui est reliée à une source de vide.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cover is held by vacuum on the plate in a position for blocking the tubes in their housings. For this, the cover defines with the tray a sealed chamber, which is connected to a source of vacuum.
De plus, des moyens de verrouillage à encliquetage sont prévus sur le plateau pour permettre un positionnement angulaire et un verrouillage rapide et automatique du couvercle dans sa position de maintien des tubes dans leurs logements. Avantageusement, les moyens de liaison de la chambre à la source de vide forment des moyens d'immobilisation du plateau en rotation.In addition, latching locking means are provided on the plate to allow angular positioning and rapid and automatic locking of the cover in its position for holding the tubes in their housings. Advantageously, the means for connecting the chamber to the vacuum source form means for immobilizing the rotating plate.
Dans un premier mode de réalisation, le couvercle comporte des doigts radiaux à sa périphérie, chaque doigt radial s'appliquant élastiquement sur le bouchon d'un tube pour maintenir le tube dans son logement du plateau.In a first embodiment, the cover has radial fingers at its periphery, each radial finger applying elastically to the stopper of a tube to hold the tube in its housing of the tray.
Dans une variante de réalisation, une couronne comporte à sa périphérie des orifices de réception de tubes et permet le chargement des tubes à l'extérieur de l'appareil. Ensuite, la couronne portant les tubes est posée sur le plateau et est recouverte du couvercle précité, fixé et maintenu par dépression comme précédemment indiqué. Dans une autre variante, la couronne précitée comprend des logements borgnes de réception des tubes et un anneau en caoutchouc ou analogue est posé sur la couronne pour fermer ces logements de façon étanche quand le couvercle est mis en place sur la couronne, elle-même posée sur le plateau.In an alternative embodiment, a ring has at its periphery orifices for receiving tubes and allows loading of the tubes outside the device. Then, the crown carrying the tubes is placed on the plate and is covered with the aforementioned cover, fixed and maintained by vacuum as previously indicated. In another variant, the aforementioned crown comprises blind housings for receiving the tubes and a rubber ring or the like is placed on the crown to close these housings in leaktight manner when the cover is put in place on the crown, itself laid on the tray.
Ainsi, en cas de rupture d'un tube au cours de la vibration, on évite une contamination globale de l'appareil et de son environnement.Thus, in the event of a tube rupture during vibration, global contamination of the device and its environment is avoided.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les paliers concentriques du plateau sont portés par une couronne qui est fixée à un châssis fixe par des moyens de suspension élastique.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the concentric bearings of the plate are carried by a crown which is fixed to a fixed frame by elastic suspension means.
Le moteur électrique d'entraînement du plateau est monté fixement sur ce châssis, son arbre de sortie est relié par un accouplement élastique à un disque portant le troisième palier excentré d'entraînement de l'embout cylindrique du plateau, et ce disque est monté dans une boîte à roulements portée par le châssis.The electric drive motor of the plate is fixedly mounted on this chassis, its output shaft is connected by an elastic coupling to a disc carrying the eccentric third bearing for driving the cylindrical end of the plate, and this disc is mounted in a bearing box carried by the chassis.
On réalise ainsi un découplage entre le moteur, le disque portant le palier excentré et le plateau, ce qui évite d'appliquer au moteur les vibrations et contraintes de la couronne, du plateau et du disque. On prolonge ainsi la durée de vie du moteur et on peut faire fonctionner l'appareil à pleine charge à une plus grande vitesse de rotation du moteur.There is thus a decoupling between the motor, the disk carrying the eccentric bearing and the plate, which avoids applying to the motor the vibrations and stresses of the crown, the plate and the disk. This extends the life of the engine and allows the unit to operate at full load at a higher engine speed.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, faite à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un mode de réalisation d'un appareil selon l'invention, dont le couvercle est ôté ;The invention will be better understood and other characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, given by way of example with reference to the appended drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention, the cover of which is removed;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale du plateau de l'appareil de la figure 1 avec son couvercle ;- Figure 2 is a schematic view in axial section of the tray of the apparatus of Figure 1 with its cover;
- la figure 3 représente des moyens d'immobilisation en rotation ; - la figure 4 est une vue schématique partielle des moyens de réception des tubes ; - la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention ;- Figure 3 shows means for immobilizing in rotation; - Figure 4 is a partial schematic view of the tube receiving means; - Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 6 est une vue schématique partielle représentant une autre caractéristique de l'invention. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté en figures 1 et 2, l'appareil selon l'invention comprend un châssis 10 dont la partie inférieure contient un moteur électrique 12 dont l'arbre de sortie 14 est orienté verticalement vers le haut et porte un disque 16 sur lequel un roulement 18 est monté oblique et de façon excentrée. Ce roulement 18 reçoit l'extrémité inférieure d'un arbre oblique 20 formé par un embout axialement cylindrique d'un plateau 22 de support de tubes à échantillons 24, le plateau 22 s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'arbre 20 et étant monté fixement en bout de celui-ci ou étant formé d'une pièce avec l'arbre 20, comme représenté. Le roulement 18 est incliné pour être axialement aligné avec l'arbre 20 et est de préférence du type rotulant pour le rattrapage des petits défauts mécaniques.- Figure 6 is a partial schematic view showing another characteristic of the invention. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the apparatus according to the invention comprises a frame 10 whose lower part contains an electric motor 12 whose output shaft 14 is oriented vertically upwards and carries a disc 16 on which a bearing 18 is mounted obliquely and eccentrically. This bearing 18 receives the lower end of an oblique shaft 20 formed by an axially cylindrical end-piece of a plate 22 for supporting sample tubes 24, the plate 22 extending perpendicular to the shaft 20 and being fixedly mounted in end of it or being formed in one piece with the shaft 20, as shown. The bearing 18 is inclined to be axially aligned with the shaft 20 and is preferably of the swivel type for catching up small mechanical defects.
Le plateau 22 est supporté et centré sur une couronne 26 portée par le châssis 10, au moyen de deux paliers concentriques 28, 30 montés l'un à l'intérieur de l'autre entre l'arbre 20 et la couronne 26 et représentés de façon schématique aux figures 1 et 2.The plate 22 is supported and centered on a ring 26 carried by the frame 10, by means of two concentric bearings 28, 30 mounted one inside the other between the shaft 20 and the ring 26 and represented by schematically in Figures 1 and 2.
Le premier palier 28 est une rotule à billes et comprend une cage radialement interne fixée sur l'arbre 20, et une cage radialement externe par rapport à laquelle la cage interne peut osciller autour d'un centre de rotation situé sur l'axe de l'arbre 20. Ce centre de rotation est le centre du mouvement oscillatoire du plateau 22 dans l'appareil selon l'invention.The first bearing 28 is a ball joint and comprises a radially internal cage fixed on the shaft 20, and a radially external cage with respect to which the internal cage can oscillate around a center of rotation located on the axis of the 'shaft 20. This center of rotation is the center of the oscillatory movement of the plate 22 in the apparatus according to the invention.
La cage externe du palier 28 est solidaire en rotation de la cage interne du second palier 30, à l'intérieur de laquelle elle est montée.The external cage of the bearing 28 is integral in rotation with the internal cage of the second bearing 30, inside which it is mounted.
La cage externe du second palier 30 est fixe à l'intérieur d'un anneau 32 qui est fixé par des vis sur la couronne 26. Cet anneau porte sur sa face supérieure une rondelle recouvrant les paliers 28, 30 et les séparant de façon étanche de la partie supérieure du plateau 22 qui porte les tubes 24.The external cage of the second bearing 30 is fixed inside a ring 32 which is fixed by screws to the crown 26. This ring carries on its upper face a washer covering the bearings 28, 30 and separating them in a sealed manner of the upper part of the plate 22 which carries the tubes 24.
La couronne 26 comporte une bride périphérique 54 fixée par des vis sur une platine 27 montée sur le châssis 10 par des moyens de suspension élastique 29. Le moteur 12 est fixé sur le platine 27. Des moyens sont prévus pour immobiliser le plateau en rotation et comprennent par exemple un ou plusieurs ressorts reliant radialement la couronne 26 à l'arbre 20.The crown 26 includes a peripheral flange 54 fixed by screws on a plate 27 mounted on the chassis 10 by elastic suspension means 29. The motor 12 is fixed on the plate 27. Means are provided for immobilizing the rotating plate and for example include one or more springs radially connecting the crown 26 to the shaft 20.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier représenté schématiquement en figure 3, ces moyens comprennent deux ressorts 37 parallèles montés entre la couronne 26 et une rondelle 38 solidaire de l'arbre 20. Les parties médianes et les extrémités des ressorts sont fixées par vissage sur des pattes ou manchons cylindriques du socle 26 et de la rondelle 38 comme représenté. Quand l'arbre 20 et le plateau 22 ont tendance à tourner dans un sens, cela comprime deux moitiés de ressort 37 diamétralement opposées et détend les deux autres moitiés de ressort 37. Ces ressorts peuvent être faiblement précontraints en compression ou en traction dans la position d'équilibre représentée au dessin. Le fonctionnement de cet appareil est le suivant : Quand le moteur 12 est alimenté, le disque 16 est entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe vertical 34 et l'arbre oblique 20 tourne en parcourant une surface conique dont le sommet est à l'intersection entre l'axe vertical 34 de rotation du disque 16 et l'axe de l'arbre oblique 20. Le plateau 22 qui est fixe en rotation autour de l'axe de l'arbre oblique 20 et de l'axe vertical 34, est alors entraîné en mouvement oscillant autour du centre de rotation formé par l'intersection de l'axe 34 et de l'axe de l'arbre 20, et les tubes 24 portés par le plateau 22 sont déplacés en mouvement alternatif curviligne comme indiqué par la flèche 36.In a particular embodiment shown schematically in Figure 3, these means comprise two parallel springs 37 mounted between the ring 26 and a washer 38 secured to the shaft 20. The middle parts and the ends of the springs are fixed by screwing on legs or cylindrical sleeves of the base 26 and the washer 38 as shown. When the shaft 20 and the plate 22 tend to rotate in one direction, this compresses two diametrically opposed spring halves 37 and relaxes the other two spring halves 37. These springs can be slightly prestressed in compression or in tension in the position balance shown in the drawing. The operation of this device is as follows: When the motor 12 is powered, the disc 16 is rotated around a vertical axis 34 and the oblique shaft 20 rotates by traversing a conical surface whose apex is at the intersection between the vertical axis 34 of rotation of the disc 16 and the axis of the oblique shaft 20. The plate 22 which is fixed in rotation around the axis of the oblique shaft 20 and the vertical axis 34, is then driven in oscillating movement around the center of rotation formed by the intersection of the axis 34 and the axis of the shaft 20, and the tubes 24 carried by the plate 22 are moved in curvilinear reciprocating movement as indicated by the arrow 36.
Les cages externes du premier palier 28 et interne du second palier 30, fixes l'une par rapport à l'autre, sont entraînées en rotation à grande vitesse quand le disque 16 est entraîné en rotation. Cette rotation des cages n'intéresse que des pièces à faible inertie et presque sans frottement et n'absorbe qu'une énergie relativement faible. Grâce à la rotation de ces deux cages, le couple de rotation transmis au plateau 22 est relativement très faible, et le plateau peut être immobilisé en rotation par des moyens simples et légers. Les deux paliers 28, 30 de l'appareil ne présentent aucun signe de fatigue ou d'usure lorsque le disque 16 est entraîné à des vitesses de rotation de l'ordre de 6500 tours par minute pendant des cycles de 60 secondes répétés à quelques minutes d'intervalles sur des durées de plusieurs jours. L'appareil selon l'invention est utilisable avec des vitesses de rotation de 8000 tours par minute, les tubes étant soumis à des accélérations de 600 g environ.The external cages of the first bearing 28 and internal of the second bearing 30, fixed relative to one another, are driven in rotation at high speed when the disc 16 is driven in rotation. This rotation of the cages only interests parts with low inertia and almost without friction and only absorbs relatively low energy. Thanks to the rotation of these two cages, the torque transmitted to the plate 22 is relatively very low, and the plate can be immobilized in rotation by simple and light means. The two bearings 28, 30 of the device show no sign of fatigue or wear when the disc 16 is driven at rotational speeds of the order of 6500 revolutions per minute during cycles of 60 seconds repeated to a few minutes intervals over periods of several days. The apparatus according to the invention can be used with rotational speeds of 8000 revolutions per minute, the tubes being subjected to accelerations of approximately 600 g.
De plus, on peut modifier la course des tubes 24 simplement en changeant l'excentricité du roulement 18 ou le diamètre du plateau 22.In addition, the stroke of the tubes 24 can be modified simply by changing the eccentricity of the bearing 18 or the diameter of the plate 22.
Les tubes 24 contenant les échantillons sont fermés par des bouchons 40 que l'on maintient en place au moyen d'un couvercle 42, de forme circulaire, qui est engagé sur la face supérieure du plateau 22. Le couvercle 42 comprend des doigts radiaux d'appui élastique sur les bouchons 40 des tubes 24 placés dans leurs logements qui sont formés par des orifices de la périphérie du plateau 22. De plus, le couvercle 42 posé sur le plateau 22 délimite avec celui-ci une chambre 44 étanche qui est reliée à une source de vide extérieure à l'appareil par des conduits souples 45 qui relient le plateau 22 à la couronne 26 et qui peuvent avantageusement former des moyens d'immobilisation du plateau 22 en rotation. Les conduits souples 45 sont avantageusement logés à l'intérieur de ressorts à spires pour résister aux efforts et aux fréquences d'entraînement et assurer l'immobilisation du plateau 22 en rotation à la place des moyens 37, 38 décrits ci-dessus.The tubes 24 containing the samples are closed by stoppers 40 which are held in place by means of a cover 42, of circular shape, which is engaged on the upper face of the plate 22. The cover 42 comprises radial fingers d elastic support on the caps 40 of the tubes 24 placed in their housings which are formed by orifices in the periphery of the plate 22. In addition, the cover 42 placed on the plate 22 delimits with the latter a sealed chamber 44 which is connected to a vacuum source external to the device by flexible conduits 45 which connect the plate 22 to the crown 26 and which can advantageously form means for immobilizing the plate 22 in rotation. The flexible conduits 45 are advantageously housed inside coil springs to resist the forces and the driving frequencies and ensure the immobilization of the plate 22 in rotation in place of the means 37, 38 described above.
En outre, on prévoit sur le plateau 22 des doigts d'encliquetage élastique, qui s'étendent vers le haut et qui passent dans des orifices du couvercle 42 pour un positionnement angulaire et un verrouillage rapide et automatique du couvercle sur le plateau, ces doigts étant par exemple au nombre de deux et diamétralement opposés.In addition, there are provided on the plate 22 elastic snap fingers, which extend upward and which pass through holes in the cover 42 for angular positioning and rapid and automatic locking of the cover on the plate, these fingers being for example at number of two and diametrically opposite.
Une variante de réalisation représentée schématiquement en figure 4 permet à un opérateur de préparer individuellement les tubes 24, de les fermer au moyen des bouchons 40 et de les disposer ensuite dans leurs logements d'une couronne 46 amovible destinée à être montée entre le plateau 22 et le couvercle 42.An alternative embodiment shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4 allows an operator to individually prepare the tubes 24, to close them by means of the plugs 40 and then to place them in their housings with a removable crown 46 intended to be mounted between the plate 22 and the cover 42.
Quand la couronne est entièrement garnie de tubes 24, elle est chargée sur le plateau 22 de l'appareil de vibration. Le couvercle 42 est mis en place et verrouillé par encliquetage sur les doigts 48 du plateau puis maintenu par dépression dans la chambre 44, après quoi le moteur 12 est alimenté pour faire osciller le plateau 22 autour du centre de rotation précité.When the crown is fully lined with tubes 24, it is loaded onto the plate 22 of the vibration device. The cover 42 is put in place and locked by snap-fastening on the fingers 48 of the plate then held by vacuum in the chamber 44, after which the motor 12 is supplied to oscillate the plate 22 around the aforementioned center of rotation.
A la fin d'un cycle de broyage, lorsque le moteur 12 est arrêté, la chambre 44 est mise à la pression ambiante, les doigts d'encliquetage sont repoussés élastiquement, le couvercle est retiré et la couronne 46 est retirée du plateau 22 et remplacée par une autre couronne garnie de tubes 24 contenant des échantillons à broyer.At the end of a grinding cycle, when the engine 12 is stopped, the chamber 44 is brought to ambient pressure, the latching fingers are pushed elastically, the cover is removed and the crown 46 is removed from the plate 22 and replaced by another crown fitted with tubes 24 containing samples to be ground.
Le chargement et le déchargement de l'appareil selon l'invention s'effectuent donc de façon simple et rapide. Avantageusement, les logements de réception des tubes 24 dans la couronne 46 sont borgnes et une garniture annulaire 50 en caoutchouc ou analogue peut être posée sur ces logements pour les fermer individuellement de façon étanche.The loading and unloading of the device according to the invention is therefore carried out in a simple and rapid manner. Advantageously, the receptacles for receiving the tubes 24 in the crown 46 are blind and an annular lining 50 made of rubber or the like can be placed on these receptacles to close them individually in a sealed manner.
Si un tube 24 est cassé au cours d'un cycle de vibration, son contenu est maintenu dans le logement correspondant du panier par la garniture en caoutchouc qui ferme ce logement de façon étanche. On évite ainsi une contamination globale de l'appareil et de son environnement.If a tube 24 is broken during a vibration cycle, its contents are maintained in the corresponding housing of the basket by the rubber gasket which closes this housing tightly. This avoids overall contamination of the device and its environment.
Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, comme représenté schématiquement en figure 5, le moteur électrique 12 est fixé par des vis ou analogues directement sur le châssis 10 et la couronne 26 est montée sur le châssis 10 par des moyens de suspension élastique d'un type classique, qui comprennent par exemple des plots 52 en caoutchouc ou analogue reliés par paires au châssis 10 et à une bride périphérique 54 de la couronne 26 appliquée sur la platine 27. Ce montage évite de transmettre au moteur 12 les vibrations et les efforts appliqués à la couronne 26, ce qui augmente de façon sensible la durée de vie du moteur.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5, the electric motor 12 is fixed by screws or the like directly on the chassis 10 and the crown 26 is mounted on the chassis 10 by elastic suspension means of a conventional type, which for example comprise pads 52 of rubber or the like connected in pairs to the chassis 10 and to a peripheral flange 54 of the crown 26 applied to the plate 27 This arrangement avoids transmitting to the motor 12 the vibrations and the forces applied to the crown 26, which appreciably increases the life of the motor.
De plus, on prévoit selon l'invention de monter les tubes à échantillons 24 sur le plateau 22 non plus parallèlement à l'axe de ce plateau, mais de façon inclinée en direction de cet axe, les axes des tubesIn addition, provision is made according to the invention to mount the sample tubes 24 on the plate 22 no longer parallel to the axis of this plate, but inclined in the direction of this axis, the axes of the tubes.
24 convergeant vers un point de l'axe de l'embout 20 du plateau, situé au dessus ou au dessous du plateau.24 converging on a point on the axis of the tip 20 of the plate, located above or below the plate.
L'angle formé par les axes des tubes 24 avec l'axe de l'embout 20 est faible, typiquement compris entre 5 et 30° environ et de préférence de 10° environ.The angle formed by the axes of the tubes 24 with the axis of the nozzle 20 is small, typically between 5 and 30 ° approximately and preferably approximately 10 °.
En fonctionnement, les billes contenues avec les échantillons dans les tubes inclinés 24 sont mieux déplacées à travers les échantillons et réalisent un meilleur broyage de ceux-ci.In operation, the balls contained with the samples in the inclined tubes 24 are better displaced through the samples and achieve better grinding thereof.
Une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention est représentée en figure 6.Another advantageous characteristic of the invention is shown in FIG. 6.
Dans cette figure, on retrouve le plateau 22 monté par les roulements 28 et 30 sur la couronne 26, elle-même montée sur le châssis 10 par la platine 27 et par les moyens 52 de suspension élastique.In this figure, we find the plate 22 mounted by the bearings 28 and 30 on the crown 26, itself mounted on the frame 10 by the plate 27 and by the means 52 of elastic suspension.
L'embout 20 du plateau 22 est monté axialement coulissant à son extrémité inférieure dans le roulement excentré 18 porté par le disque 16 comme déjà décrit.The end piece 20 of the plate 22 is mounted axially sliding at its lower end in the eccentric bearing 18 carried by the disc 16 as already described.
Le disque 16 n'est pas fixé directement sur l'arbre de sortie du moteur 12, mais est monté dans une boîte à roulements 56 fixée au châssis 10, et est entraîné en rotation par l'arbre du moteur 12 au moyen d'un accouplement élastique.The disc 16 is not fixed directly to the output shaft of the motor 12, but is mounted in a bearing box 56 fixed to the chassis 10, and is rotated by the shaft of the motor 12 by means of a elastic coupling.
Cet accouplement élastique comprend un moyeu expansible 58 de montage d'une embase métallique 60 sur l'arbre de sortie du moteur 12, et des tubes de caoutchouc 62 qui sont reçus dans des logements de la base du disque 16 et fixés à l'embase 60 par des vis 64 logées dans les tubes 62. La boîte à roulements 56 comprend un roulement horizontal supérieur 66 et un roulement horizontal inférieur 68, dont les cages extérieures sont bloquées dans la boîte 56. La cage intérieure du roulement supérieur 66 est solidaire du disque 16, qui peut coulisser dans la cage intérieure du roulement inférieur 68 pour des raisons de dilatation thermique.This elastic coupling comprises an expandable hub 58 mounting a metal base 60 on the output shaft of the motor 12, and rubber tubes 62 which are received in housings of the base of the disc 16 and fixed to the base 60 by screws 64 housed in the tubes 62. The bearing box 56 comprises an upper horizontal bearing 66 and a lower horizontal bearing 68, the outer cages of which are locked in the box 56. The inner cage of the upper bearing 66 is integral with the disc 16, which can slide in the inner cage of lower bearing 68 for reasons of thermal expansion.
Ce montage permet de mieux protéger encore le moteur 12 des vibrations et de le découpler au point de vue vibratoire du disque 16, du roulement 18 et de l'embout 20 du plateau 22. On augmente la durée de vie du moteur et l'appareil selon l'invention peut être utilisé à pleine charge à des vitesses de rotation plus élevées (par exemple 6800 tours/minute ou davantage au lieu de 6000 tours/minute) sans problèmes pour le moteur 12.This arrangement makes it possible to further protect the motor 12 from vibrations and to decouple it from the vibrational point of view of the disc 16, of the bearing 18 and of the end piece 20 of the plate 22. The life of the motor and the apparatus are increased according to the invention can be used at full load at higher rotational speeds (for example 6800 rpm or more instead of 6000 rpm) without problems for the motor 12.
On notera enfin que cet appareil comprend avantageusement un capot pivotant qui vient coiffer le plateau 22 pour le broyage des échantillons et qui est équipé de moyens de verrouillage en position fermée du type électromagnétique ou à dépression. Finally, it should be noted that this device advantageously comprises a pivoting cover which covers the plate 22 for grinding the samples and which is equipped with locking means in the closed position of the electromagnetic or vacuum type.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Appareil pour la vibration rapide de tubes contenant des échantillons, en particulier biologiques, comprenant un plateau (22) de support des tubes (24), des moyens d'immobilisation du plateau en rotation autour de son axe et des moyens (12, 16, 18, 20) d'entraînement du plateau (22) en mouvement oscillatoire autour d'un centre de rotation situé sur l'axe du plateau, caractérisé en ce que le plateau (22) est supporté et centré sur une partie suspendue élastiquement (26) de l'appareil au moyen de deux paliers concentriques (28, 30) montés l'un à l'intérieur de l'autre, l'un de ces paliers étant du type à rotule permettant un mouvement oscillatoire du plateau autour du centre de rotation.1 - Apparatus for the rapid vibration of tubes containing samples, in particular biological samples, comprising a plate (22) for supporting the tubes (24), means for immobilizing the plate in rotation about its axis and means (12, 16, 18, 20) for driving the plate (22) in oscillatory movement around a center of rotation situated on the axis of the plate, characterized in that the plate (22) is supported and centered on an elastically suspended part (26) of the apparatus by means of two concentric bearings (28, 30) mounted one inside the other, one of these bearings being of the ball-and-socket type allowing an oscillatory movement of the plate around the center of rotation.
2 - Appareil selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que lesdits paliers (28, 30) sont des roulements à billes. 2 - Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said bearings (28, 30) are ball bearings.
3 - Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que un premier (28) desdits paliers comprend une cage radialement interne solidaire en rotation d'un embout axial (20) du plateau et une cage radialement externe solidaire en rotation d'une cage radialement interne du second (30) desdits paliers, dont la cage radialement externe est solidaire de ladite partie fixe de l'appareil.3 - Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a first (28) of said bearings comprises a radially internal cage integral in rotation with an axial end piece (20) of the plate and a radially external cage integral in rotation with a radially internal cage of the second (30) of said bearings, whose radially external cage is integral with said fixed part of the device.
4 - Appareil selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le premier palier (28) est une rotule à billes.4 - Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the first bearing (28) is a ball joint.
5 - Appareil selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la cage externe du premier palier (28) est solidaire en rotation et en translation de la cage interne du second palier (30).5 - Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the outer cage of the first bearing (28) is integral in rotation and in translation with the inner cage of the second bearing (30).
6 - Appareil selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la cage externe du premier palier (28) est mobile en translation axiale sur la cage interne du second palier (30).6 - Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the outer cage of the first bearing (28) is movable in axial translation on the inner cage of the second bearing (30).
7 - Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le plateau (22) est immobilisé en rotation autour de son axe par des moyens de liaison à ladite partie suspendue (26) de l'appareil. 7 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plate (22) is immobilized in rotation about its axis by means of connection to said suspended part (26) of the device.
8 - Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraînement comprennent un troisième palier (18) excentré monté en bout d'un arbre moteur et reliant cet arbre moteur à un embout axial (20) du plateau. 8 - Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drive means comprise a third eccentric bearing (18) mounted at the end of a drive shaft and connecting this drive shaft to an axial end piece (20) of the plateau.
9 - Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (20) du plateau est mobile en translation axiale dans le troisième palier (18).9 - Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the end piece (20) of the plate is movable in axial translation in the third bearing (18).
10. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les paliers concentriques (28,30) du plateau sont portés par une couronne (26) qui est montée sur un châssis fixe (10) par des moyens de suspension élastique (29, 52).10. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concentric bearings (28,30) of the plate are carried by a crown (26) which is mounted on a fixed frame (10) by elastic suspension means ( 29, 52).
11. Appareil selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraînement du plateau (22) comprennent un moteur électrique (12) monté fixement sur le châssis (10). 11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the drive means of the plate (22) comprise an electric motor (12) fixedly mounted on the frame (10).
12. Appareil selon l'ensemble des revendications 8 et 11 , caractérisé en ce que le troisième palier excentré (18) est porté par un disque (16) qui est monté dans une boîte à roulements (56) portée par le châssis (10) et qui est relié à l'arbre moteur (12) par un accouplement élastique (62, 64). 12. Apparatus according to all of claims 8 and 11, characterized in that the third eccentric bearing (18) is carried by a disc (16) which is mounted in a bearing box (56) carried by the chassis (10) and which is connected to the motor shaft (12) by an elastic coupling (62, 64).
13. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (24) portés par le plateau (22) sont inclinés en direction de l'axe du plateau.13. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubes (24) carried by the plate (22) are inclined towards the axis of the plate.
14 - Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le plateau (22) supporte une couronne circulaire (46), comportant des logements de réception des tubes (24) répartis de façon régulière autour du centre de rotation du plateau, un couvercle (42) de maintien des tubes (24) dans leurs logements, des moyens (44) d'application du couvercle (42) sur le plateau, et des moyens (48) de positionnement angulaire et de verrouillage du couvercle (42) dans sa position de maintien des tubes.14 - Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate (22) supports a circular ring (46), comprising housings for receiving the tubes (24) distributed regularly around the center of rotation of the plate, a cover (42) for holding the tubes (24) in their housings, means (44) for applying the cover (42) to the plate, and means (48) for angular positioning and locking of the cover (42) in its tube holding position.
15 - Appareil selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (42) posé sur le plateau (22) délimite avec celui-ci une chambre (44) fermée de façon étanche, qui comporte des moyens de liaison à une source de vide.15 - Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the cover (42) placed on the plate (22) defines therewith a chamber (44) closed in a sealed manner, which comprises means for connecting to a source of vacuum.
16 - Appareil selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison à la source de vide forment des moyens d'immobilisation du plateau (22) en rotation autour de son axe.16 - Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the means for connecting to the vacuum source form means for immobilizing the plate (22) in rotation about its axis.
17 - Appareil selon l'une des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de positionnement angulaire et de verrouillage du couvercle sont des doigts (48) d'encliquetage élastique. 18 - Appareil selon l'une des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce qu'une bande annulaire (50) d'elastomère ou analogue est interposée entre le couvercle et les sommets des tubes (24) et ferme à étanchéité les logements de la couronne (46) dans lesquels sont reçus les tubes (24). 17 - Apparatus according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the angular positioning means and locking the cover are fingers (48) of elastic snap. 18 - Apparatus according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that an annular strip (50) of elastomer or the like is interposed between the cover and the tops of the tubes (24) and closes the housings of the crown (46) in which the tubes (24) are received.
PCT/FR2003/002253 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples WO2004012851A2 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003273452A AU2003273452B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
JP2004525457A JP4698220B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Equipment for vibrating a tube containing a sample at high speed
UAA200501849A UA82329C2 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples subject to treatment
CA2495446A CA2495446C (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
EP03755612A EP1525047B1 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
AT03755612T ATE443567T1 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 DEVICE FOR FAST VIBRATION OF SAMPLE TUBE
DE60329394T DE60329394D1 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 DEVICE FOR QUICK VIBRATION OF SAMPLING TUBES
IL16650503A IL166505A0 (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
NZ538093A NZ538093A (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
MXPA05001306A MXPA05001306A (en) 2002-08-01 2003-07-16 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples.
IL166505A IL166505A (en) 2002-08-01 2005-01-26 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
US11/044,549 US7101077B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2005-01-27 Device for fast vibration of tubes containing samples
TNP2005000026A TNSN05026A1 (en) 2002-08-01 2005-01-31 APPARATUS FOR RAPID VIBRATION OF TUBES CONTAINING SAMPLES

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR02/09832 2002-08-01
FR0209832A FR2843047B1 (en) 2002-08-01 2002-08-01 APPARATUS FOR RAPID VIBRATION OF TUBES CONTAINING SAMPLES
FR0302308A FR2851480B1 (en) 2003-02-25 2003-02-25 APPARATUS FOR RAPID VIBRATION OF TUBES CONTAINING SAMPLES
FR03/02308 2003-02-25

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WO2004012851A3 WO2004012851A3 (en) 2004-05-27

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US (1) US7101077B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1525047B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4698220B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100974576B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE443567T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003273452B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2495446C (en)
DE (1) DE60329394D1 (en)
IL (2) IL166505A0 (en)
MA (1) MA27426A1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA05001306A (en)
NZ (1) NZ538093A (en)
PL (1) PL200754B1 (en)
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WO2006008397A1 (en) 2004-06-23 2006-01-26 Bertin Technologies Device for guiding a shaft in an oscillating movement
WO2008000962A2 (en) 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Bertin Technologies Apparatus for grinding biological samples
WO2011058278A1 (en) 2009-11-10 2011-05-19 Bertin Technologies Device for the quick vibration of tubes containing, in particular, biological samples
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US7448789B2 (en) 2004-06-23 2008-11-11 Bertin Technologies Device for guiding a shaft in an oscillating movement
WO2006008397A1 (en) 2004-06-23 2006-01-26 Bertin Technologies Device for guiding a shaft in an oscillating movement
FR2872233A1 (en) 2004-06-23 2005-12-30 Bertin Technologies Soc Par Ac Electric motor`s output shaft guiding device for rapid vibration of biological sample tubes, has ball rings provided between ball and outer rings and nut screwed on upper part of crown gear and supported on outer ring of upper ball bearing
EP2570189A1 (en) 2006-06-30 2013-03-20 Bertin Technologies Apparatus for grinding biological samples
EP2559490A1 (en) 2006-06-30 2013-02-20 Bertin Technologies Apparatus for grinding biological samples
WO2008000962A2 (en) 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Bertin Technologies Apparatus for grinding biological samples
WO2011058278A1 (en) 2009-11-10 2011-05-19 Bertin Technologies Device for the quick vibration of tubes containing, in particular, biological samples
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WO2016042252A1 (en) 2014-09-17 2016-03-24 Bertin Technologies Unit for grinding biological samples
US10677692B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2020-06-09 Bertin Technologies Unit for grinding biological samples
CN105056818A (en) * 2015-08-31 2015-11-18 成都欧林生物科技股份有限公司 Improved structure of reciprocating type shaking table
CN105056818B (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-07-11 成都欧林生物科技股份有限公司 A kind of improved structure of reciprocal shaker

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RU2325946C2 (en) 2008-06-10
JP4698220B2 (en) 2011-06-08
DE60329394D1 (en) 2009-11-05
PL200754B1 (en) 2009-02-27
ATE443567T1 (en) 2009-10-15
MA27426A1 (en) 2005-07-01
US7101077B2 (en) 2006-09-05
IL166505A (en) 2008-06-05
CA2495446C (en) 2011-04-05
KR100974576B1 (en) 2010-08-06
AU2003273452B2 (en) 2008-06-12
EP1525047A2 (en) 2005-04-27
AU2003273452A1 (en) 2004-02-23
CA2495446A1 (en) 2004-02-12
MXPA05001306A (en) 2005-04-28
IL166505A0 (en) 2006-01-15
EP1525047B1 (en) 2009-09-23
PL373417A1 (en) 2005-08-22
RU2005105589A (en) 2005-08-10
NZ538093A (en) 2006-10-27
WO2004012851A3 (en) 2004-05-27
KR20050032584A (en) 2005-04-07
US20050128863A1 (en) 2005-06-16
JP2005534480A (en) 2005-11-17

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