WO2004020022A2

WO2004020022A2 - Valve pump

Info

Publication number: WO2004020022A2
Application number: PCT/EP2003/008560
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ou Cui
Original assignee: Ou Cui
Priority date: 2002-08-08
Filing date: 2003-08-01
Publication date: 2004-03-11
Also published as: WO2004020022A3; AU2003251684A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve pump comprising a pumping area and a pumping lifting member (18, 20; 76) which divides the pumping area into two pumping areas (34, 36; 82, 84), also comprising return valves for receiving and discharging a liquid which is to be pumped and driving means for producing a back and forth lifting movement of the pump lifting member (18, 20; 76). The pumping lifting member (18, 20; 76) can be displaced in a longitudinal manner on a lifting axis, the pumping lifting member (18, 20; 76) can be at least partially continuously magnetic or magnetisable and driving means are formed on a pair of electromagnets (22, 24; 78, 80) which are arranged on the same axis in relation to the pumping lifting member (18, 20; 76) on both sides of the pumping area and can be alternatingly controlled. According to another aspect of the invention, each of the pumping chambers (34, 36; 82, 84) are connected to two return valves (26, 28 or 30, 32; 90, 92 or 86, 88) whereby one (26 or 32; 90 or 92) thereof is opened by excess pressure in the pumping chamber (34 or 36; 82 or 84) and the other (28,30; 86,84) is opened by low pressure in the pumping chamber (34 or 36;82 or 84). The invention also relates to various uses and embodiments of said pump.

Description

valve pump

The invention relates to a valve pump with a pump chamber and a pump lifting element which divides the pump chamber into two pump chambers, check valves for the inlet and outlet of a medium to be pumped and drive means for generating a reciprocating stroke movement of the pump lifting element.

The invention has for its object to simplify the drive of such a valve pump. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of better utilizing the stroke of the pump lifting member for suctioning and expelling the medium to be conveyed or media to be conveyed in such a valve pump. Finally, the invention includes some advantageous applications for such pumps.

According to one aspect of the invention, the pump lifting member is movable along a lifting axis. The pump lifting element is at least partially magnetizable or permanently magnetic. The drive means are formed by means for generating an umpolbaren magnetic field effective in the direction of the stroke axis, preferably a pair of electromagnets, which are arranged opposite and coaxial with the stroke axis of the pump lifting element to the pump chamber and can be controlled alternately. Very simple pumps can be designed according to this principle.

According to a further aspect of the invention, each of the pump chambers has two

Check valves connected, one of which is opened by relative positive pressure in the pump chamber and the other by relative negative pressure in the pump chamber. The expression “relative” is intended to express that the overpressure or underpressure relates to the pressure prevailing outside the pump chamber, which can possibly deviate from the atmospheric pressure.

Then, when the pump lifting member is moved in the direction of one of the two pump chambers, the check valve which responds to excess pressure is opened. That on Check valve which responds to negative pressure is closed and remains closed. Medium or pressure medium in this pump chamber is expelled. This stroke creates a negative pressure in the other pump chamber. The check valve, which responds to negative pressure, opens and allows medium or pressure medium to flow into this pump chamber. The check valve that opens when there is overpressure

Pump chamber remains closed. If the stroke direction of the pump lifting element is reversed, the two pump chambers interchange their function. Oil additive is sucked into the first pump chamber. The pressure medium is expelled from the latter pump chamber. Thus, with each stroke of the pump lifting element, both pump chambers are active in suction or discharge. You can do both

Pump chambers the same pressure medium are sucked in and expelled. The two pump chambers can also deliver different pressure media. This makes the pump extremely versatile.

Embodiments of the valve pump are the subject of claims 3 to 10.

An advantageous application of such valve pumps is a cooling system, in particular for cooling electronic components.

The cooling system has a hollow body which is in a heat-conducting connection with a part to be cooled. The hollow body is part of a closed circuit that contains a cooler. The closed circuit also contains a circulation pump. The hollow body and the closed circuit are filled with a low-boiling liquid which evaporates by the supply of heat from the part to be cooled and condenses in the cooler.

This cooling system acts in the manner of a so-called "heat pipe". A heat pipe is a closed system with a liquid. The system is brought into heat-conducting contact with a part to be cooled at a lower end. The liquid evaporates there and thereby takes off from it The steam rises and is condensed in a cooler at the upper end, thereby releasing the absorbed heat from the steam. Attempts have been made to use such heat pipes for cooling processors or other electronic components. However, it is disadvantageous that the heat pipe must be arranged essentially vertically. This precludes their use in mobile devices such as laptops. Another disadvantage is that the rising steam enters into heat exchange with the condensed liquid flowing towards it. As a result, part of the heat dissipated by the component to be cooled is transferred back to the condensed liquid flowing to this component. Such a “heat pipe” effect also occurs in the invention. However, the circulation pump causes the cooling medium to circulate. The condensed cooling medium in the return does not come into contact with the evaporated cooling medium in the flow. The circulation pump does not require high power it only has the function of specifying the direction in which the condensed cooling medium flows back from the cooler to the component to be cooled.

Instead of one that works with an evaporating and again condensing liquid

A so-called "super conductor" can also be used. A pipe works with a sublimating solid which changes directly from the solid state to the gaseous state and vice versa.

In a preferred embodiment of the cooling system, the hollow body is a flat, hollow one

Plate that has a good heat-conducting surface to the part to be cooled and is otherwise provided with thermal insulation. The plate is connected on the one hand via a throttle to a return coming from the cooler and on the other hand via a flow cross-section which is large compared to the throttle to a flow leading to the cooler. The return with the throttle is connected on one side of the plate and the flow on the opposite side of the plate with its interior. The circulation pump is a valve pump with a pump chamber and a pump lifting element which divides the pump chamber into two pump chambers, non-return valves for the inlet and outlet of a cooling medium to be pumped and drive means for generating a reciprocating lifting movement of the pump

Stroke member. Each of the pump chambers is connected to two check valves, one of which is opened by overpressure in the pump chamber and a second by negative pressure in the pump chamber. The first valves are in parallel with connected to the flow and the second valves are both connected to the interior of the hollow body. An advantageous and compact construction results when the pump chamber is a cylinder, in which a magnetizable or permanent magnet piston is guided as the pump lifting member, the circulation pump is arranged along an edge on the side of the plate facing away from the part to be cooled, the second check valves are connected to the inside of the plate, and the first check valves are connected in parallel to the flow via a distributor piece.

The circulation pump allows the pumping frequency to be varied depending on the one

Sensor specific temperature of the part to be cooled to vary via a control unit.

By throttling the return from the cooler and a large cross section in the flow to the cooler, a relative negative pressure can be generated in the cavity of the plate, which promotes evaporation. Accordingly, a relative one occurs in the cooler

Overpressure, which promotes condensation. It is then possible, if necessary, to cool the part to be cooled below the ambient temperature.

Another advantageous application of the valve pump according to the invention is the use as an artificial heart. A heart also has four "check valves", two for each

Ventricle. A non-return valve allows oxygen-poor blood to be drawn from the body into a heart chamber and a second non-return valve allows this blood to be conveyed from this heart chamber to the lungs. In the other ventricle, a non-return valve draws oxygen-rich blood from the lungs into the other ventricle and delivers it to the body via a second non-return valve.

Here, too, it is possible to change the "heart rate" of the artificial heart using a control device, e.g. a processor, in accordance with various measured variables.

In a simplified version, such a valve pump can also simply be used as a blood pump to support the heart function. In a preferred valve pump for use as an artificial heart or as a blood pump to relieve a weakened heart, the valve pump is designed as a diaphragm pump with a pump housing which forms the pump chamber and is divided into two pump chambers by the diaphragm forming the pump lifting member, with the diaphragm an at least partially magnetizable or permanently magnetic armature body is attached. The anchor body has a cavity so that the average specific weight of the anchor body corresponds to the specific weight of the blood. In this way, the armature body floats in the blood, so that the valve pump can work regardless of the orientation.

It is advantageous if the anchor body tapers in opposite directions along the stroke axis. This reduces the flow resistance when the armature body moves back and forth in the valve space. This can advantageously be done in such a way that the anchor body forms a central hollow body of a double-conical basic shape.

Another advantageous embodiment of the valve pump is that two alternately controllable electromagnets, each with a core, are arranged on the stroke axis of the diaphragm on the housing on opposite sides and the cores of the two electromagnets have central recesses which are aligned with the conical parts of the double-conical hollow body ,

There are then two advantages: Firstly, during the extension stroke, the flow to the outlet is less impeded by the conical parts than e.g. by means of an anchor plate which is tightened to the electromagnet. On the other hand, the air gap between the energized electromagnet and the armature body is reduced.

Design and application examples of the valve pump according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a plan view of a valve pump designed as a diaphragm pump. 2 is an isometric representation of the membrane pump

Valve pump.

Fig.3 shows a section of the valve pump along the line III - III of Fig.1.

Fig. 4 shows a half section of the valve pump.

Figure 5 is a partially sectioned, isometric view of the as

Diaphragm pump trained valve pump seen obliquely from above.

Figure 6 is a partially sectioned, isometric view of the as

Diaphragm pump trained valve pump seen obliquely from the bottom left.

Figure 7 is a partially sectioned, isometric view of the as

Diaphragm pump trained valve pump seen obliquely from the bottom right.

Figure 8 is a top view of a check valve that can be used with the valve pump of Figures 1-7.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the check valve.

Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section of the check valve of Fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a sectional, isometric view of the check valve of FIG

Fig. 8 to 10.

FIG. 12 is a top view of a cooling system as an application of a cooling pump according to the invention, wherein a different design of a valve pump operating according to the principle according to the invention is used. Figure 13 is a side view of the cooling system of Figure 12 seen from below in Figure 12.

Fig. 14 is a side view of the cooling system of Fig. 12 seen from the right in Fig. 12.

Figure 15 is an isometric view of the cooling system.

Fig. 16 is an isometric view similar to Fig. 6 and illustrates the construction and use of a valve pump according to the invention as an artificial heart.

Figure 17 is an isometric view similar to Figure 5 of the valve pump of Figure 16

Fig. 18 shows a cross section of the valve pump of Figs. 16 and 17.

In Fig.l to 7, 10 generally designates a diaphragm pump. The diaphragm pump 10 has a pump housing 12 which consists of two flat-shell-shaped housing parts 14 and 16. Between the housing parts 14 and 16, an annular membrane 18 with a central, plate-shaped armature body 20 is clamped as a pump lifting member. The outer edge of the annular membrane 18 is connected to the pump housing 12. The inner edge of the annular membrane is connected to the central anchor body 20. The armature body 20 is flat-cylindrical and permanently magnetic or magnetizable. The housing parts 14 and 16 are frustoconical. Sit on opposite sides of the housing 12

Electromagnets 22 and 24. On the conical surface parts of the frustoconical housing parts 14 and 16 there is a pair of check valves 26, 28 and 30, 32, respectively. The check valves 26, 28, 30 and 32 are only shown schematically in FIGS. The diaphragm 18 with the armature body 20 divides the pump chamber formed in the housing 12 into two pump chambers 34 and 36. The check valves 26 and 32 open in the adjacent pump chambers 34 and 36 when there is a relatively high pressure. The check valves 28 and 30 open in at a relatively low pressure the adjacent pump chambers 34 and 36, respectively. The two electromagnets 22 and 24 are of one Control device 38 can be actuated alternately or in push-pull mode. The frequency of the reversal is determined by the signal from one or more sensors, which is connected to the control unit. Such a sensor is shown in FIG. 4 and labeled 40.

The valve pump described works as follows:

The control device 38 controls the electromagnets 22 and 24 alternately or in push-pull at a reversing frequency which depends on the signal from the sensor 40. Due to the magnetic field of the electromagnets 22 and 24, the armature body 20 and thus the

Membrane 18 moves up and down. With the upward movement of the membrane 18 and the armature body 20, the volume of the pump chamber 34 is reduced. An overpressure occurs in the pump chamber 34. As a result, the check valve 26 opens, while the check valve 28 remains closed. During this upward movement, the volume of the pump chamber 36 increases

Pump chamber 36 a negative pressure. The check valve 30 opens under the influence of this negative pressure. The check valve 32 remains closed. Pressure medium is thus expelled from the upper pump chamber 34 in the figures. The term “pressure medium” is intended to include both liquids and gases. At the same time, pressure pressure is drawn in through the same stroke of the membrane into the lower pump chamber 36. When the membrane 18 and the anchor body are lifted back, the volume of the lower chamber 36 is reduced again An overpressure is created in chamber 36. As a result, check valve 32 opens. Check valve 30 remains closed. Conversely, the volume of upper pump chamber 34 is increased again. A negative pressure occurs in the upper pump chamber. Check valve 28 opens

Pump chamber 34 is sucked in pressure medium. The check valve 26 remains closed. The two pump chambers 34 and 36 therefore both work simultaneously as pumps that suck in pressure medium via the check valves 28 and 30 and discharge them via the check valves 26 and 32. One pump chamber in each case sucks in pressure medium, while the other pump chamber ejects pressure medium. The two pump chambers 34 and 36 can deliver the same pressure medium in parallel. This results in an even flow. The two pump chambers 34 and 36 can also deliver different pressure media. Figures 8 to 11 show schematically the structure of a check valve, which is preferably used in a valve pump of the present type.

8 to 11, the wall of the housing 12 is designated by 42. In this wall

42 a rectangular opening 44 is formed. The opening 44 has parallel side walls 46 and 48 and outwardly inclined end walls 50 and 52. The opening 44 then forms a rectangular opening 56 on the lower surface 54 of the wall 42 in FIGS. 10 and 11, which is surrounded by an edge 58. The check valve is a flap valve with a rectangular valve flap 60. The valve flap 60 is pivotally mounted along the end face of the opening 56 by means of a hinge 62. In the closed position of the check valve, the valve flap 60 rests on the edge 58 and closes the opening 56. This is shown in Fig.8.

The valve flap 60 can be swung open to an angle that is less than 90 °. Then the valve flap comes to rest against a stop 64. The stop 64 can be formed by an inclined step of the side wall 46, as shown in Fig.l 1. In the stop position of the valve flap 60 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the valve flap 60 is parallel to the obliquely running end face 52. The through channel formed in this way then has the same length over its entire length

Cross-section. At a negative pressure below (in FIGS. 10 and 11) the check valve, the valve flap 60 is pressed into its closed position.

The check valve described is opened at excess pressure below the surface 54 of the wall 42 of the housing 12. The surface 54 forms the inner surface of the

Wall. This applies to valves 26 and 32. In the case of valves 28 and 30, which open under negative pressure, the arrangement shown would have to be turned upside down. Then the surface 54 would be the outer surface of the wall.

An application of a valve pump operating according to the principle of the invention is described in FIGS. 12 to 15, a different type of valve pump also being used. The application is a cooling system for cooling electronic components such as processors. The valve pump, which is generally designated 70, is here not a diaphragm pump but a piston pump.

The cooling system here contains a cooling plate 72. This is a plate-shaped hollow body. The cooling plate 72 is placed on a component to be cooled. The lower one in Fig. 13

Wall 1 of the cooling plate 72, which is in contact with the component to be cooled, consists of a material of good conductivity, such as copper or silver. The rest of the wall of the cooling plate consists of a heat-insulating material. It can also be double-walled in the manner of a Dewar vessel with a vacuum and an internal mirror coating. The valve pump 70 is seated on the cooling plate 72. The valve pump 70 contains a cylinder 7- ^ A piston 76 is guided in the cylinder 7 -. The piston 76 is permanently magnetic or consists of a magnetizable material. The piston 76 can also consist of a non-magnetic material and have a magnetic insert. Electromagnets 78 and 80 are located in front of the end faces of the cylinder 74. The pump chamber of the cylinder 74 is divided into two cylinders or by the piston 76

Pump chambers 82 and 84 divided. The pump chambers 82 and 84 are each connected to the cavity of the cooling plate 74 via a check valve 86 and 88, respectively. The check valves 86 and 88 are designed such that they open when the pressure in the associated pump chamber 82 or 84 is increased. Furthermore, the pump chambers 82 and 84 are connected via check valves 90 and 92 to a distributor piece 94, via which the pump chambers 82 and 84 can be connected to a flow 96. The flow leads to a finned cooler 98. A return 100 goes from the finned cooler 98 back to the interior of the cooling plate 72. The return 100 is connected to the interior of the cooling plate 72 via a throttle 102. The flow cross section of the throttle 102 is significantly smaller than that

Flow cross section of the check valves 86 and 88, 90 and 92 and the connecting channels between the interior of the cooling plate 72 and the flow 96.

The arrangement described forms a closed system. This closed system contains a cooling medium which can be evaporated in the cooling plate 72 by the waste heat of the component to be cooled and which can be condensed again in the cooler 98 at approximately ambient temperature. The cooling system described works in the manner of a so-called "heat pipe". Such a heat pipe is a closed system with a cooling medium. The cooling medium is evaporated at a lower point by heat to be removed from a part to be cooled. The cooling medium withdraws from this The evaporating heat rises, condenses and releases the heat of condensation in a cooler The condensed coolant flows down again in the closed system to the part to be cooled, where it evaporates again.

In the cooling system described, cooling medium evaporates in the cooling plate 72 by absorbing heat from the component to be cooled. The evaporated cooling medium is conveyed from the valve pump 70 to the cooler 98 via the flow 96. The cooling medium condenses in the cooler 98. The condensed cooling medium then flows back to the

Cooling plate 72. A circuit of the valve pump 70 is forced here

Cooling medium over the flow 96 and the separate return 100 instead. This prevents heat exchange between the leading evaporated cooling medium and the returning, condensed cooling medium. Besides, that is

Cooling system regardless of the orientation in the room, so that it is also movable

Devices such as laptops can be applied. The valve pump 70 does not need a large one

To provide performance, since it essentially only needs to determine the sense of circulation of the circuit.

In the valve pump 70 according to the invention, as described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 7, both valve chambers 82 and 84 work simultaneously. When the piston 76 moves to the right in FIG. 13, the check valve 86 opens so that evaporated cooling medium is sucked out of the cooling plate 72. The check valve 88 connected to the valve chamber 84 remains closed. The check valve 90 is closed. For this, the check valve 92 opens. In this stroke direction, evaporated cooling medium is thus sucked into the left pump chamber 82 and evaporated cooling medium is conveyed out of the right pump chamber 84 into the right arm of the distributor 94. When the piston 76 moves to the left in FIG. 13, this opens

Check valve 90, so that the evaporated cooling medium previously sucked into the valve chamber 82 is conveyed via the left arm of the distributor 94 into the flow 96. Check valve 86 is closed. Now enters the right pump chamber 84 Suppress on. Accordingly, the check valve 88 opens and the check valve 92 closes. Evaporated cooling medium is now sucked into the right pump chamber 84. With both pump chambers 82 and 84, evaporated cooling medium is sucked out of the cooling plate 72 and conveyed into the flow 96.

The switching frequency of the electromagnets 78 and 80 can be controlled in the manner shown in FIG. 4 by a temperature sensor (not shown) via a control device. As a result, the cooling capacity can be adapted to the waste heat generated by the component.

Instead of the valve pump described, a suitable other pump can also be provided in order to ensure the correct circulation of the cooling medium.

Instead of an evaporating and re-condensing liquid (heat pipe), a sublimating substance can also be provided in the system (“super conductor”)

Characterized in that the return 100 is connected to the interior of the cooling plate 72 via a throttle 102, while the connection to the flow 96 has a substantially larger flow cross section, a certain negative pressure is generated in the cooling plate 72, which promotes the evaporation of the cooling medium, and in Radiator 98 an overpressure than

Back pressure in front of the throttle, which promotes condensation. The throttle 102 is combined with a check valve 103 to prevent backflow. If a super conductor is used, a choke construction is not necessary.

Fig. 16 shows a further application of the valve pump according to the invention, namely as an artificial heart. 110 denotes a valve pump which essentially corresponds to the valve pump of FIG. 6. With regard to the structure and function of this valve pump, reference is made to the description of FIGS. 1 to 7. Corresponding parts have the same reference numerals as there.

The two pump chambers 34 and 36 work here independently of one another and convey different liquids in different circles. Via the check valve 28, oxygen-rich blood is drawn from the lungs into the pump chamber 34 Pump chamber 36 sucked in and conveyed out of the pump chamber 36 to the lungs via the check valve 32. Here too, “pulse frequency”, namely the switching frequency of the electromagnets 22 and 24, can be controlled by a processor as a function of signals from one or more sensors.

Such an arrangement works as an artificial heart. The valve pump can also be used to relieve a patient's weakened heart. In this case, the valve pump 10 is switched into the bloodstream with suction check valves 26 and 30 connected in parallel and discharge check valves 26 and 32 also connected in parallel. As a result, the weakened heart does not need the whole

Applying power to maintain blood circulation. It has been shown that if the heart has been relieved in this way for a certain time, it can recover and then work alone again.

Compared to the valve pump of Figure 6, the one that can be used as an artificial heart

Valve pump 110 still has some special features.

Ariker body 112 seated on membrane 18 has an annular disk-shaped edge 114 and an integrally formed, central hollow body 116. The hollow body 116 essentially forms a double cone with two cones pointing in opposite directions along the stroke axis 118 (FIG. 17). The hollow body 116 forms a cavity 120. The cavity 120 and the mass of the anchor body 112 are dimensioned such that the average specific weight of the ariker body 112 corresponds to the specific weight of the blood. As usual, the electromagnets 22 and 24 have a cup-shaped iron body 122 with a central core 124. The iron body 122 and the core 124 form an annular channel in which a magnet winding 126 is arranged. The core 124 has a central, conical recess 128. The conical recess 128 is essentially complementary to the cone of the hollow body 116.

This arrangement has various advantages: the anchor body 112 floats in the blood, so that no position-dependent gravitational forces act on the anchor body 112. The cones of the hollow body 116 reduce the flow resistance of the blood (or other liquid to be pumped) against the reciprocating movement of the Anchor body 112 work the diaphragm pump. The effective air gap between the core 124 of the electromagnet 22 and the armature body 112 is reduced with the same flow resistance for the liquid flowing to the check valve 26.

Claims

claims

1.Nentil pump with a pump chamber and a pump lifting member (18.20; 76) which divides the pump chamber into two pumping chambers (34.36; 82.84), check valves for the inlet and outlet of a medium to be pumped and drive means for generating a back and forth pretty movement of the

Pump lifting member (18, 20; 76), characterized in that the pump lifting member (18, 20; 76) is movable along a lifting axis, the pump lifting member (18, 20; 76) is at least partially permanently magnetic or magnetizable, the drive means are formed by means for generating a reversible magnetic field (22, 24; 78, 80) which is effective in the direction of the stroke axis and which can be actuated alternately to generate a magnetic field acting in one or the other direction.

2.Nentil pump with a pump chamber and a pump lifting member (18.20; 76) which divides the pump chamber into two pump chambers (34.36; 82.84),

Check valves for the inlet and outlet of a medium to be pumped and drive means for generating a reciprocating stroke movement of the pump lifting element, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the pump chambers (34,36; 82,84) with two check valves (26, 28 or 30.32; 90.92 or 86.88) is connected, one of which (26 or 32; 90 or 92) by overpressure in the pump chamber (34 or 36; 82 or 84) and the other (28,30; 86,84) is opened by negative pressure in the pump chamber (34 or 36; 82 or 84).

3. Valve pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for

Generation of a reversible magnetic field are formed by two electromagnets, by means of which oppositely directed magnetic fields can be generated and which can be controlled alternately.

4. Valve pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Alternating frequency of the magnetic field generating means (22, 24) can be changed by a sensor signal according to a measured variable via a control device (38).

5. Valve pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump chamber is a cylinder (74) in which a permanent magnet or magnetizable piston (76) is guided as a pump lifting member.

6. Valve pump according to claim 3, characterized in that

(a) the valve pump is designed as a diaphragm pump, the pump chamber being formed by two shell-shaped housing halves (14, 16) which hold a diaphragm (18) between them as a pump lifting member,

(b) the membrane (18) has a permanently magnetic or magnetizable member (20) and

(c) one electromagnet (22, 24) centrally on each of the housing halves

(14,16) is mounted.

7. Valve pump according to claim 2, characterized in that

(a) the valve pump is designed as a diaphragm pump, the pump chamber being formed by two shell-shaped housing halves (14, 16) which hold a diaphragm (18) between them as a pump lifting member, and

(b) the check valves (26, 28; 30, 32) are provided in pairs on the housing halves (14, 16).

8. A valve pump according to claim 7, characterized in that the check valves (26, 28; 30, 32) are each arranged on diametrically opposite sides of the housing halves (14, 16).

9. valve pump according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the check valves (26,28; 30,32) are flap valves.

10. Valve pump according to claim 9, characterized in that

(a) the check valve (26,28; 30,32) is a rectangular in-plane

Has passage opening (56) which is surrounded by a support edge (58),

(b) the check valve (26, 28; 30, 32) has a rectangular valve flap which is arranged around a substantially in-plane, along one side of the

Rectangular pivot axis (62) is pivotable and rests on the support edge (58) in the closed position,

(c) the opening angle of the check valve (26, 28; 30, 32) relative to the plane is limited by an abutment (64) to an angle of less than 90 ° and

(d) the passage opening on the side opposite the pivot axis (62) has a beveled wall (52) parallel to the valve flap (60) in its open position.

11. Cooling system, in particular for cooling electronic components, and in particular using a valve pump according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that

(a) the cooling system has a hollow body (72) which is in a good heat-conducting connection with a part to be cooled, (b) the hollow body (72) is part of a closed circuit which contains a cooler (98),

(c) the closed circuit further contains a circulation pump (70) and

(d) the hollow body (72) and the closed circuit are filled with a low-boiling liquid which evaporates by the supply of heat from the part to be cooled and condenses in the cooler (98).

12. Cooling system according to claim 11, characterized in that the hollow body is a flat, hollow plate which has a good heat-conducting surface to the part to be cooled and is otherwise provided with thermal insulation.

13. Cooling system according to claim 12, characterized in that the plate is connected on the one hand via a throttle with a return coming from the cooler and on the other hand via a flow cross-section large compared to the throttle with a flow leading to the cooler.

14. Cooling system according to claim 13, characterized in that the return is connected to the throttle on one side of the plate and the flow on the other side of the plate with the interior thereof.

15. Cooling system according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that

(a) the circulation pump is a valve pump with a pump chamber and a pump lifting element which divides the pump chamber into two pump chambers, non-return valves for the inlet and outlet of a cooling medium to be pumped and drive means for producing a reciprocating lifting movement of the pump lifting element,

(b) each of the pump chambers is connected to two check valves, a first of which is due to relative overpressure in the pump chamber and a second is opened by relative vacuum in the pump chamber, and

(c) the first valves are connected in parallel to the flow and the second valves are both connected to the interior of the hollow body.

16. Cooling system according to claim 15, characterized in that

(a) the pump chamber is a cylinder, in which a permanently magnetic or magnetizable piston is guided as the pump lifting element,

(b) the circulation pump is arranged on the side of the plate facing away from the part to be cooled, the second check valves being connected to the inside of the plate, and

(c) the first check valves are connected in parallel to the flow via a distributor.

17. Use of a pump according to claim 2 as an artificial heart.

18. Use of a pump according to claim 2 as a blood pump to support a weakened heart.

19. Valve pump according to claims 1 and 2 in particular for use as an artificial heart or as a blood pump to support a weakened

Heart, characterized in that

(a) the valve pump is designed as a diaphragm pump with a pump housing which forms the pump chamber and is divided into two pump chambers (34, 36) by the diaphragm (18) forming the pump lifting member, an at least partially on the diaphragm (18) magnetizable or permanently magnetic arikers body (112) is attached, and (b) the anchor body (112) has a cavity (120) so that the average specific weight of the anchor body (112) corresponds to the specific weight of the liquid to be pumped, in particular the blood.

20. Valve pump according spoke 19, characterized in that the armature body

(112) tapers in opposite directions along the stroke axis (118).

21 Valve pump according to claim 20, characterized in that the armature body (112) forms a central hollow body (116) of a double-conical basic shape.

22. Valve pump according spoke 21, characterized in that

(a) on the stroke axis (118) of the membrane (18) on the housing on opposite sides two alternately controllable electromagnets (22, 24) are arranged, each with a core (124) and

(b) the cores (124) of the two electromagnets (22, 24) have central recesses (126) which are aligned with the conical parts of the double-conical hollow body (116).