WO2004036430A1 - 動作周波数可変の情報処理装置 - Google Patents
動作周波数可変の情報処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004036430A1 WO2004036430A1 PCT/JP2003/012824 JP0312824W WO2004036430A1 WO 2004036430 A1 WO2004036430 A1 WO 2004036430A1 JP 0312824 W JP0312824 W JP 0312824W WO 2004036430 A1 WO2004036430 A1 WO 2004036430A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4204—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a parallel bus
- G06F13/4234—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a parallel bus being a memory bus
- G06F13/4243—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a parallel bus being a memory bus with synchronous protocol
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
Definitions
- Information processing device information storage device, information processing method, and information processing program
- the present invention relates to a memory device that operates by being supplied with a required synchronous clock, an information processing device such as another device, an information storage device, an information processing method, and an information processing program.
- the present invention relates to an information processing device, an information storage device, an information processing method, and an information processing program that can realize an optimal signal processing operation even in such cases.
- Electronic devices such as a computer and a PDA (Personal Digital Assistance) have multiple LSIs (Large-Scale Integrated Circuits) as their system components, and input and output signals of these LSIs. And those that use synchronous clocks for signal processing are widely used. In general, where synchronous operation is performed, the overall operation speed is determined in proportion to the frequency of the signal.
- the element that performs such synchronous operation is a CPU (Central Processing Unit). ), Memory, and North Bridge.
- the operating frequency of the device is not always constant but variable.
- electronic devices such as personal computers, PDAs, and mobile phones have been devised so that only necessary operations are performed according to usage conditions.For example, when operating in standby mode or in sleep mode, the operating frequency is reduced. Low control to reduce power consumption, signal processing during calls and moving images
- the number of systems that realize high-speed arithmetic processing by increasing the operating frequency during processing has been increasing (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-16695).
- the region in which the variable operating frequency is supplied as a clock is usually separated from a fixed frequency portion whose frequency must not be changed.
- the configuration is such that no adverse effects appear in the region that operates at a fixed frequency even if is changed.
- the present invention provides an information processing device, an information storage device, and an information storage device that realize optimal signal processing without deteriorating performance even when a variable operating frequency is used. The purpose is to provide a processing method and an information processing program. Disclosure of the invention
- an information processing apparatus includes: a frequency information calculation unit configured to calculate and process frequency information of a synchronous clock whose frequency is variable; An information processing unit that supplies information as an operation clock and performs information processing at a timing according to a result of the arithmetic processing performed by the frequency information arithmetic unit.
- frequency information of a synchronous clock whose frequency is variable is input to the frequency information calculation unit, and the frequency information calculation unit performs calculation processing such as addition processing and decoding of frequency information.
- the information processing section performs the required information processing according to the result of the arithmetic processing.However, the frequency information has already been obtained in the information processing section. Can be.
- the information storage device of the present invention includes: a frequency information calculation unit for calculating frequency information of a synchronous clock whose frequency is variable; a frequency information calculation unit for supplying the synchronous clock as an operation clock; And an information storage unit that performs an information storage operation using timing according to the result of the arithmetic processing.
- frequency information of a synchronous clock whose frequency is variable is input to the frequency information calculation unit, and the frequency information calculation unit performs calculation processing such as addition processing and decoding of frequency information. Is performed.
- the result of the arithmetic processing is used in the information storage device in the information storage processing, and similarly, an optimized processing without wasteful waiting time can be performed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the information processing device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the memory device.
- (A) is an operation in the case of a fixed clock
- (B) is an operation in the case of operating at a fixed timing as it is to a signal of a variable clock frequency.
- (C) are time charts of the operation when calculating from the frequency information.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart showing an example of frequency information.
- FIG. 3 (A) is a time chart in a case where the frequency information indicates the current frequency of the operation peak signal CLKv.
- (B) is a time chart in which the frequency information indicates the frequency of the next clock prior to the change in the frequency of the operation clock signal CLKv.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are tables showing examples of the encoding method of frequency information.
- (A) is an example in which two bits are used as an index, and
- (B) is data having a value proportional to the period. This is an example of using.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram in the case where a memory controller and an SDRAM are used as an example of the information processing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a table showing an example of a correspondence table between SDRAM signals and commands in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example in which a memory controller and a memory are incorporated in a PDA as an example of the information processing apparatus' of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a case in which an SDRAM performs processing while checking the coincidence of addresses of data of sense amplifiers as an example of the information processing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a subroutine in a case where a waiting time calculation process is performed based on frequency information, as an example of the information processing method of the present invention.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B are time charts showing an example of another information processing method in an example of the information processing apparatus of the present invention.
- the memory device of the present embodiment includes a memory 11 composed of an SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory), a memory controller 12 for controlling the memory, and frequency information Infq.
- the main components are an output frequency controller 13.
- the memory 11 is a synchronous (synchronous) DRAM. If a read start address is input first, data can be continuously output in synchronization with the clock signal CLKv. Data transmission at a relatively high speed.
- the clock signal CLKv is variable, and for example, the clock frequency such as 10 MHz, 33 MHz, 50 MHz, 100 MHz, and 13 MHz is changed to a use state of the information processing apparatus. It is configured to switch according to the state of an electronic device on which the information processing device is mounted.
- the variable cook signal CLKv may be the so-called base clock itself, which is an external cook of the system CPU, and is a cook signal generated exclusively for controlling the memory 11. May be.
- the variable clock signal CLKv is transmitted from the frequency control unit 13 but may be supplied directly from another frequency generation circuit system.
- the memory 11 and the memory controller 12 may be configured as separate chips, and the memory 11 may be a memory core. It may be provided in the same chip as the controller 12.
- the memory 11 is supplied with such a variable peak signal CLKv, a control signal Sig from the memory controller 12 and signals (not shown) such as an address, a column address, and data input / output. Wires connect.
- the memory 11 may be a synchronous DRAM, a normal DRAM, a first page DRAM, an ED0 DRAM (Extended Data Out Dynamic Random Access Memory), or the like.
- the memory may be an SDRAM (Double Date Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) or a memory such as a DRDRAM (Direct Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory).
- the memory 11 is not limited to DRAM, but may be SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Onlv Memory), flash memory, etc. There may be.
- a memory device or an information processing device including a memory may be a microcomputer having a built-in memory unit, another signal processing chip, or the like.
- the memory controller 12 is a device for outputting a control signal Sig for controlling the operation of the memory 11, and the control signal Sig includes CS (chip select), RAS (row address strobe), and CAS (column address). It is a general term for various signals such as dress strobe, WE (write enable), and CKE, and means a signal group consisting of multiple signals.
- the memory controller 12 is also supplied with a variable clock signal CLKv to synchronize the output timing of the control signal Sig. Further, in the memory controller 12, frequency information Infq from the frequency control unit 13 is input, and the frequency information Infq includes information on the frequency related to the peak signal CLKv.
- This frequency information Infq can be information on the current peak signal CLKv, but may be frequency information Infq on the time-axis earlier peak signal CLKv.
- the frequency information Infq is coded, and an example of the coding will be described later.
- the frequency information Infq may be the variable clock signal CLKv itself or information obtained by linearly converting the same.
- arithmetic processing is performed using the input frequency information Infq, and optimal control of the memory 11 reflecting the arithmetic result described later is performed.
- the frequency control unit 13 performs frequency information Infq. This embodiment is configured so that the variable control signal CLKv is also output from the frequency control unit 13 in the present embodiment.
- the frequency control unit 13 is configured to be able to change the frequency of the generated peak signal CLKv in response to a command from the CPU or the like.For example, at the time of soft-off, standby, sleep mode, etc. In this case, the operating clock can be reduced to reduce power consumption.
- This frequency controller 13 is also the same chip as the memory 11 and the memory controller 12. Or a separate chip may be used.
- FIG. 2 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the memory device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 (A) shows a read (read) operation of the memory 11 at a fixed frequency of 100 MHz.
- FIG. 2 (B) is a diagram showing the operation of the comparative example, and is a diagram showing a process in the case of operating at a fixed timing at a variable frequency as it is, and
- FIG. 2 (C). ) Is an example of a control method that calculates from frequency information.
- the signal CLK is a fixed clock signal
- the signal CLKv is a variable clock signal
- ⁇ A is an activator operation.
- "IT indicates the command issuance period for the read operation and" Pama precharge operation, respectively.
- Tras which is the time from the activate operation to the precharge operation
- Trcd RAS-CAS delay time
- Trp discharge time
- the frequency of the operation clock is fixed to a predetermined frequency
- the time parameter ⁇ Tras, Trcd, Trp ⁇ of the SDRAM is ⁇ 40 ns, 20 ns, 20 ns ⁇ . If the CAS latency is 2, the RAS activation time is 4 clocks, the RAS—CAS delay time Trcd is 2 clocks, and the precharge time Trp is 2 clocks. It is optimally controlled for operation at a fixed frequency.
- the RAS activate time Tras starts at the rising edge of the command issuance clock of the first activate operation ("A").
- the frequency of the first two clocks is half the clock frequency of 50 MHz, so even though the originally required waiting time has passed, it is just
- the RAS activity time Tras is longer by two clocks of 100 MHz.
- the RAS activation time Tras of the next activation operation becomes the RAS activation time Tras which is longer by three clocks of 100 MHz.
- the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd and the precharge time Trp also cause extra waiting time in accordance with the change in the operating clock frequency.
- the frequency information Infq is sent as data from the frequency control unit 13 to the memory controller 12 as shown in FIG. 1, and the memory controller 12 can calculate the cycle of the clock signal. Therefore, if the timing of issuing the command is delayed, the command is issued from the memory controller 12 to the memory 13 before that, and high-speed processing without waste is realized. This will be described in detail with reference to (C) of FIG. 2.
- the memory controller 12 performs an activating operation from the frequency control unit 13 (if the frequency information Infq following the completion of the issuance of the command “ ⁇ ” is 50 MHz, Information is received at least one clock before the timing of the issuance of the command for the read operation ("R"). Based on the Infq, the command issuance timing of the next read operation ("R") follows the clock for the issuance operation ("A") command issuance. If the memory device of the present embodiment is not used, as shown in (A) and (B) of FIG. 2, the timing of issuing the command of the read operation R ”) comes one clock apart.
- the memory controller determines at least the frequency information Infq during the period from the end of issuing the command of the active operation ("A") to the end of issuing the command of the next read operation ("R"). If the required RAS-CAS delay time Trcd, which is the required wait time, is satisfied, a read operation (“R") command may be issued, or a read operation (“R") command may be issued. Assuming that the frequency is 100 MHz, the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd, which is the required wait time, is satisfied based on the frequency information Infq before the issuance of the read operation (“R") command. Read operation) may be issued.
- the memory controller satisfies the required wait time and activates the activating function A so that the precharge time Trp and the RAS activating time Tras are optimally shortened.
- the command of ")" and the command of precharge operation (“P") are issued.
- the second clock is recognized as 50 MHz by the frequency information Infq. And the period is 20 ns Is calculated.
- the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd is 20 ns in this SDRAM, and is secured if the clock cycle is 20 ns. Therefore, the memory controller 12 controls the issuance of a command for the activating operation ("A") and a command for the next read operation ("R") using a continuous clock. By eliminating extra waiting time, overall speed is increased.
- the frequency information Infq can be, for example, a data bit indicating the frequency of the variable clock signal CLKv.
- the frequency information Infq may indicate the current frequency of the operation clock signal CLKv as shown in FIG. 3A, or may be the operation clock signal CLKv as shown in FIG. 3B.
- the frequency of the next clock may be indexed prior to the change of the frequency.
- a signal indicating only a frequency change point may be used.
- the future operation clock signal CLKv is not limited to the next clock, and may be a predetermined number of clocks after a plurality of clocks. The frequency may be indicated.
- FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B show two types of encoding methods in a table format, the encoding methods are not limited to these methods, and other encoding methods may be used.
- the encoding method in FIG. 4A is an example in which two bits of data are allocated according to the frequency of the variable peak signal CLKv. In this example, ⁇ 0 0 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency of the clock signal CLKv is 10 MHz, ⁇ 01 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency is 33 MHz, and when the frequency is 50 MHz. Is assigned ⁇ 10 ⁇ , and ⁇ 11 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency is 100 MHz. In this method, if the frequency changes 10 times, Even if the frequency of the clock signal changes from 100 MHz to 100 MHz, the data length remains at 2 bits, and processing can be performed without complicating the decoding process and circuit configuration.
- the encoding method shown in FIG. 4B is an example in which data is assigned according to the reciprocal of the frequency of the variable peak signal CLKv.
- the reciprocal of the frequency of the clock signal CLKv corresponds to one clock cycle at each frequency.
- ⁇ 10 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency of the clock signal CLKv is 10 MHz
- ⁇ 3 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency is 33 MHz
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency is 50 MHz.
- Is assigned, and ⁇ 1 ⁇ is assigned when the frequency is 100 MHz. Since the value represented by the data corresponds to a cycle of one clock, the waiting time can be formed by simple multiplication.
- the clock periods are 100 ns, 30 ns, 20 ns, and 10 ns. By multiplying this data value by 10 ns, it can be easily calculated.
- FIG. 5 shows a memory controller 30 and a memory unit 31.
- the frequency information Infq is input to the memory controller 30 and the operation cut-off signal is output.
- the optimized operation is performed even when the frequency changes.
- the memory controller 30 receives the frequency information Infq from the frequency control unit as described above, and issues a command at a predetermined timing.
- Fig. 6 shows an example of the correspondence table between signals and commands, and the bar symbols are omitted for simplicity.
- the CS (chip select) signal becomes ⁇ (low level)
- the corresponding memory unit 31 is selected.
- Activate operation "A”, lead operation "R”, and precharge operation "' ⁇ ” This command is formed by a combination of RAS (row address strobe), CAS (column address strobe), and WE (write enable).
- the ACT signal operation command is composed of a combination of the RAS signal at "! Level", the CAS signal at "H '" level, and the WE signal at "H” level.
- the read (read) operation command is composed of a combination of the CAS signal at the “H” level and the WE signal at the “H” level.
- the RAS signal is at the “H” level
- the CAS signal is at the “//” level.
- the command of write (write) operation is composed of the combination of WE signal "1 / level”, RAS signal is "1 / level”, CAS signal is " ⁇ " level, and WE signal is "1 /" level.
- the command of the precharge operation is configured by the combination, so that, for example, as described above, when the frequency of the clock signal CLKv changes, as shown in the second clock in FIG.
- Command for read operation to command for read operation
- command for read operation In the case of continuous operation, it is only necessary to send a signal so that the RAS signal is shifted to the "L” level and the CAS signal is shifted to the "1" level, and the CAS signal is shifted to the "1" level.
- the level shift is performed based on the calculation result based on the frequency information Infq from the frequency control unit.
- the memory unit 31 includes a memory bank 55, a sense amplifier 56 for amplifying the charged charge of each cell, and other peripheral circuits.
- the memory bank 55 actually stores data, and is composed of a plurality of cells 55a.
- Each cell 55a is configured as a capacitor, and each cell 55a is set to a charged state or a non-charged state in accordance with data.
- the data is stored according to the charging state pattern of 55a.
- the cell 55 a shows an example in which 8 ⁇ 8 cells are provided for one memory link 55, but naturally, the number of cells 55 a is , Other than this It may be a number.
- a group of cells 55a for each row on the memory punk 55 is particularly called a page 55b.
- the memory puncturer 55 receives a signal from the row to which the signal was input.
- the charge of each cell 55a is transferred to the sense amplifier 56 in units of page 55b corresponding to.
- the numbers (0 to 7) displayed in the vertical and horizontal directions of the memory bank 55 indicate the row indicating the vertical position of each cell 55a of the memory punk 55 and the horizontal position. Each number in the example shown is shown.
- the sense amplifier 56 When the data of the cell 55a of the page 55b specified by the row selector 53 is transferred, the sense amplifier 56 receives the data, further amplifies the data to a predetermined potential, and reproduces the data. Transfer to the original page 5 5b. At this time, in the state where the electric charge has been accumulated, when a read signal is input from the column selector 57 to read the data of the designated column, the sense amplifier 56 reads the data of the designated column and outputs the data. Output to amplifier 58.
- the sense amplifier 56 is configured to amplify only the charge of the cell 55a for one page 55b. For this reason, only one page of the refresh process or the read process can be processed, and the refresh signal generated by the self-refresh timing generator or the row selector 53 generates the signal.
- the read signal is controlled by a CPU (not shown) so that these processes are generated at a timing at which these processes are performed on any of the rows.
- a plurality of sense amplifiers 56 may be provided for a plurality of pages (rows) so that refresh processing or read processing can be simultaneously performed in parallel.
- the column address latch 52 When receiving the CAS signal input from the memory controller 30, the column address latch 52 turns on the operating state, and the column address information indicating the position of the cell 55 a on the memory bank 55 is used as the column selector. 5 to 7 ; the column selector 57 outputs the data read signal on the sense up 56 corresponding to the column input from the column address latch 52 to the sense up 56, and reads it to the output amplifier 58. Let out.
- the output amplifier 58 further doubles the input charge and outputs data to the CPU via the memory controller 30.
- the memory controller 30 reads data from the cell 55a of the memory bank 55 in response to a command from the CPU. For example, when a command from the CPU causes the memory controller 30 to read data from the cell 55 a in the sixth row and the fourth row of the memory bank 55 of the DRAM. Command to read the data of cell 55a in the fourth column of the row.
- the control signal generator of the memory controller 30 Upon receiving this command, the control signal generator of the memory controller 30 outputs the RAS signal to the row address latch 51, and then outputs the corresponding address signal to the row address latch 51 and the column address latch 52. Output.
- the row address latch 51 turns on its operation, and outputs the row information of the subsequently received address information to the row selector 53.
- the information “the sixth row” is output to the row selector 53.
- the row selector 53 Based on the row information input from the row address latch 51, the row selector 53 generates a read signal for transferring the charge of the cell 55a of the page 55b corresponding to that row to the sense amplifier 56. Output.
- the electric charge of the cell 55 a on the page 55 b of the sixth row surrounded by the solid line in the figure on the memory bank 55 is output to the sense amplifier 56.
- the sense amplifier 56 amplifies the amount of the transferred charges to a predetermined value.
- the control signal generator outputs the CAS signal to the column address latch 52 and outputs the address signal to the row address latch 51 and the column address latch 52.
- the column address latch 52 When receiving the CAS signal from the control signal generator, the column address latch 52 turns on its operation, and outputs the column information of the subsequently received address information to the column selector 53. Therefore, in this case, the information “the fourth column” is output to the column selector 57.
- the column selector 57 outputs a read signal that causes the charge amplified by the sense amplifier 56 corresponding to the column to be transferred to the output amplifier 58 based on the input column information. That is, in this case, the sense amplifier 56 outputs the charge of the cell 55 a in the fourth column surrounded by the solid line in the drawing to the output amplifier 58 based on the read signal.
- the output amplifier 58 amplifies the amount of the transferred electric charge to a predetermined value required for the transfer, and then outputs the data to the CPU via the memory controller 30. After that, the sense amplifier 56 returns the amplified electric charge of the page 55 b in the sixth row to the original cell 55 a on the memory bank 55. Therefore, the eight cells 55a on page 55b from which the data was read (in this case, the sixth row) have the charge amount returned to the original state (full charge state). .
- the PDA core unit 60 includes a CPU 61 and a coprocessor 62 for performing a required information processing procedure.
- the CPU 61 is connected to the bus line 66, and the pass bridge 67 serves as a connection to the low-speed circuit section via the pass line 66, the graphic engine 63 realizes high-speed drawing, and the image.
- Camera interface for connection to the camera that captures images 65, LCD (Liquid Crystal) that sends and receives signals to the liquid crystal display Display) Controller 64 is connected.
- the passbridge 67 has a USB (Universal Serial Bus) controller 81, an IZO bus 82 for I / O, a touch panel interface 83, a keyboard (key), a jog dial (JOG), and general-purpose I / O.
- a circuit such as an interface 84 such as a port (GPI0) light emitting diode (LED) is connected, and a frequency controller 76 that outputs the clock signal CLKv and its frequency information Infq is also connected to the pass bridge 67. I have.
- the above-mentioned bus line 66 is further configured to connect an embedded memory (eDRAM) 71 as an information storage device and a DRAM controller 72, and further connects an external memory controller 73.
- the DRAM controller 72 is a circuit unit that sends a control signal to the embedded DRAM 71.
- the frequency of the clock signal CLKv that is variable from the frequency control unit 76 Information Infq is supplied.
- the DRAM controller 72 performs arithmetic processing such as decoding using the frequency information Infq, and performs optimal processing of the embedded DRAM 71 even when the frequency of the clock signal CLKv changes.
- the frequency of the clock signal CLKv changes, an extra wait time is saved by processing according to the frequency information Infq. High-speed processing is possible.
- the external memory controller 73 can supply the variable frequency information Infq of the peak signal CLKv which can be varied.
- the external memory controller 73 is a circuit for transmitting a control signal to the ROM 74 and the SDRAM 75 connected via the external memory bus.
- the external memory controller 73 also uses the frequency information Infq to perform arithmetic processing such as decoding, so that when the frequency of the clock signal CLKv changes, the extra wait time in the R0M 74 and SDRAM 75 is eliminated.
- a memory system is composed of a controller section 42 composed of these external memory controllers 73 and a memory section 43 composed of a ROM 74 and an SDRAM 75, and realizes high-speed processing in the same manner as the memory system 41 described above. Is done.
- both the DRAM controller 72 and the external memory controller 73 perform high-speed processing using the frequency information Infq without extra waiting time, but only one of them is used. The speed may be increased by using such frequency information Infq.
- the memories connected to the external memory controller 73 the ROMs 74 and the SDRAMs 75 are merely examples, and other memories or other signal processing elements may be used.
- the frequency information Infq supplied to the external memory controller 73 and the DRAM controller 72 may be the same, and different frequency information Infq may be used when different clock signals are used. good.
- Such an information processing method shows, for example, an example of the operation of hardware of a memory controller. Further, for example, when the information processing apparatus of the present invention is in a format such as a microcomputer, a required medium format is used. It is also possible to read the program supplied in the above into a predetermined controller and execute it.
- step S21 it is determined in step S21 whether the relevant restriction has already been satisfied.
- the relevant limit is, for example, a limit depending on the performance of the memory; if the time parameter ⁇ Tras, Trcd, Trp ⁇ of the SDRAM is ⁇ 40ns, 20ns, 20ns ⁇ , the command is issued. It is determined whether the time required for has already elapsed. If the applicable restriction has already been satisfied (YES), the routine returns from the subroutine # 1 to the program routine of FIG.
- step S21 If the corresponding limit is not already satisfied in step S21 (NO), the procedure proceeds to step S22, and the waiting time register is reset.
- step S23 for example, a cycle value of the next clock frequency state or a value proportional thereto is added to the register value.
- frequency information Infq is used for the addition processing.
- a waiting time register reflecting the frequency state of the next clock is formed.
- step S24 it is determined whether or not the value of the waiting time register satisfies the waiting time for issuing a command. Is determined.
- step S24 If the value of the wait time register satisfies the wait time for issuing the command in this step S24 (YES), the process returns from the subroutine # 1 to the program routine of FIG. 8 in the same manner as the above-mentioned step S21. If the value of the wait time register does not satisfy the wait time for issuing the command in step S24 (NO), the process proceeds to step S25 and waits for one clock. After waiting for one clock, the process returns to step S23, and for example, the value of the period of the current frequency state or a value proportional thereto is added to the value of the reproduction register, and the same processing is performed.
- step S23 the value of the period of the current frequency state or a numerical value proportional thereto is added, and the frequency information Infq is effectively used in the addition processing.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the flow of the main program in the controller. It is assumed that the controller has received a request from the CPU after the start of the program (step SI 1). Then, in step S12, the next address to be read or written and the current state of the corresponding sense amplifier in the DRAM are examined, and a jump is made to start a different process according to the result. When the data of another address is stored in the sense amplifier in step SI2, the process proceeds to step S13, and the process related to the RAS activating time Tras is performed. The processing relating to the RAS activator time Tras uses the subroutine # 1 shown in FIG. Basically, the subroutine # 1 in FIG. 9 is a time waiting routine. When the time waiting for the required time is completed, the process proceeds to step S14 to issue a precharge command. On the DRAM side, a precharge command is received, and data existing in the sense amplifier is charged into predetermined memory cells.
- step S15 After issuing the precharge command, the process proceeds to step S15, and the process related to the precharge time Trp is performed.
- the subroutine # 1 shown in FIG. 9 is also used for the processing related to the precharge time Trp. Similarly, the subroutine # 1 is a time waiting routine. When the time waiting for the required time is completed, the process proceeds to step S16, and issues an activate command. On the DRAM side, the actipate command is received, and the data of each memory cell corresponding to a predetermined address is read out to the sense amplifier and amplified. After issuing this activate command, the process proceeds to step S17, and the process related to the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd is performed.
- Step S 9 is also used for the processing related to the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd. Since the subroutine 1 is a time waiting routine, the procedure S is performed when the time waiting for the required time is completed. Proceed to 18 to issue a read or write command. On the DRAM side, a read or write command is received, and data of each memory cell at a predetermined address is read from the node of the sense amplifier or written to the node of the sense amplifier. This signal will be read or written. Then, the process proceeds to step S19 to enter a standby state for the next request.
- step S12 If there is no data in the sense amplifier in step S12, No jarring is required. Therefore, step S13 is skipped, and the issuance of the precharge (step S14) is also omitted. If there is no data in the sense amplifier, the process proceeds from step S12 to step S15, where the processing related to the precharge time Trp and the processing related to the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd wait for the time described earlier. Respectively, using the subroutine # 1 which is the routine of. Eventually, proceeding to step S19 and entering the waiting state for the next request is the same as in step S12 where data of another address is stored in the sense amplifier.
- step S12 if the address of the data in the sense amplifier matches the row address of the data for the read or write operation in step S12, not only the precharge operation but also the activate operation is performed. No longer required. Therefore, steps S13 to S16 are skipped, and the issuance of the precharge (step S14) and the issuance of the activator (step S16) are also omitted. Therefore, the process proceeds from the step S12 to the step S17, and the processing relating to the RAS-CAS delay time Trcd is advanced using the subroutine # 1 which is a time waiting routine. It is to be noted that the process proceeds to step S19 finally and enters a standby state for the next request, similarly to the case where data of another address is stored in the sense amplifier in step S12. .
- the address for reading or writing is compared with the address of the data remaining in the sense amplifier, and if they match, the data is used as it is. Therefore, high-speed reading and writing can be realized.
- the time waiting program shown in Fig. 9 is used to control the timing of command issuance, and the frequency information Infq is used to calculate the time waiting. High-speed processing that is omitted is realized. In other words, while achieving high-speed operation, it can be used during standby or sleep mode. During periods such as when power is turned on, operation can be performed reliably even with a slow clock, and conversely, overall power consumption can be sufficiently reduced. Note that the series of processes described above can be executed by hardware, but can also be executed by software.
- the controller of the storage element such as the memory is provided with the mechanism for reading the frequency information Infq and adjusting the control. May be supplied to a variable signal processing element or circuit, etc., and by calculating the frequency information of the variable signal, it is more suitable for calculating the necessary waiting time, etc. It may be a circuit for performing simplified information processing.
- the processing such as the calculation of the waiting time is performed based on the frequency state of the next clock.
- it may be configured to calculate in advance. That is, as shown in FIG. 1OA, when the frequency information of the (n + 2) th clock (for example, 20 ns) is obtained at the time of the nth clock, the (n + 2) th clock of the (n + 2) th clock is obtained. It can be calculated using frequency information.
- whether or not to perform the next clock is determined at the time of the immediately preceding clock using the current frequency information.
- the component that acquires frequency information Infq is described as a frequency control unit.
- the present invention is not limited to this. You may try to get it.
- the electronic device on which the present embodiment is mounted is not limited to a PDA or a personal computer, but includes a printer, a facsimile, a peripheral device for a personal computer, a telephone, a television receiver, an image display device, a communication device, and a mobile phone.
- the frequency information Infq is used for arithmetic processing such as calculation for waiting for time when the clock frequency changes.
- arithmetic processing such as calculation for waiting for time when the clock frequency changes.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03748740A EP1553496B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-07 | Information processing device using variable operation frequency |
US10/526,048 US7437592B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-07 | Information processing device using variable operation frequency |
US11/943,092 US7793134B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2007-11-20 | Information processing apparatus working at variable operating frequency |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002304533A JP3800164B2 (ja) | 2002-10-18 | 2002-10-18 | 情報処理装置、情報記憶装置、情報処理方法、及び情報処理プログラム |
JP2002/304533 | 2002-10-18 |
Related Child Applications (2)
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US10526048 A-371-Of-International | 2003-10-07 | ||
US11/943,092 Continuation US7793134B2 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2007-11-20 | Information processing apparatus working at variable operating frequency |
Publications (1)
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WO2004036430A1 true WO2004036430A1 (ja) | 2004-04-29 |
Family
ID=32105118
Family Applications (1)
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---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/012824 WO2004036430A1 (ja) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-10-07 | 動作周波数可変の情報処理装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US7437592B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1553496B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3800164B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100958864B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100346317C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004036430A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
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JP2007107988A (ja) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-26 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | テスタ |
US20070279350A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Kent Displays Incorporated | Method and apparatus for driving bistable liquid crystal display |
CN102223667B (zh) * | 2011-07-28 | 2014-09-24 | 电信科学技术研究院 | 一种小区信号质量的测量上报及小区切换控制方法、装置 |
WO2013037829A1 (de) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-03-21 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum synchronisieren von netzwerkteilnehmern in einem bordnetz eines fahrzeuges |
JP5752091B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-24 | 2015-07-22 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | メモリーコントローラー |
TWI563505B (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2016-12-21 | Piecemakers Technology Inc | Adaptive contorl method based on input clock and related adaptive contorlled apparatus |
JP6429549B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-18 | 2018-11-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 半導体集積回路、半導体集積回路を備えた装置、半導体集積回路におけるクロックの制御方法、並びにプログラム。 |
US20180181335A1 (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2018-06-28 | Mediatek Inc. | Apparatus and method to speed up memory frequency switch flow |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100346317C (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1553496B1 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
KR20050061467A (ko) | 2005-06-22 |
US20060112295A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
KR100958864B1 (ko) | 2010-05-20 |
JP2004139422A (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
EP1553496A4 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
US7437592B2 (en) | 2008-10-14 |
US20080075214A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
JP3800164B2 (ja) | 2006-07-26 |
US7793134B2 (en) | 2010-09-07 |
CN1695125A (zh) | 2005-11-09 |
EP1553496A1 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
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