WO2004058642A1 - NOx CONTROL FOR IC ENGINES - Google Patents
NOx CONTROL FOR IC ENGINES Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004058642A1 WO2004058642A1 PCT/US2003/040263 US0340263W WO2004058642A1 WO 2004058642 A1 WO2004058642 A1 WO 2004058642A1 US 0340263 W US0340263 W US 0340263W WO 2004058642 A1 WO2004058642 A1 WO 2004058642A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- reagent
- exhaust gas
- zone
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical class C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YSKUZVBSHIWEFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammelide Chemical compound NC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 YSKUZVBSHIWEFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MASBWURJQFFLOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammeline Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(O)=N1 MASBWURJQFFLOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Chemical class OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QYTOONVFPBUIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;cyanic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C#N QYTOONVFPBUIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical class NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical class OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention concerns a new device and process for reducing NO x emissions, particularly for mobile diesel and other lean-burn engines.
- Diesel and lean-burn gasoline engines provide particular advantages in fuel economy and are favored for this reason.
- NO x nitrogen oxides
- Emissions of NO x can also be reduced by post-combustion techniques.
- a particularly good example of such techniques is selective catalytic reduction (SCR).
- SCR selective catalytic reduction
- NO x is reacted with NH 3 , or similar nitrogen containing compounds such as urea and like materials, over a catalyst to yield nitrogen gas (N 2 ) and water (H 2 O).
- N 2 nitrogen gas
- H 2 O water
- catalysts that have been described in the literature but each catalyst tends to have a relative narrow temperature range over the catalyst is effective. Such behavior has been described in detail by R.M. Heck, I.M. Chen and B.K. Speronello of the Engelhard Corporation. In "Operating Characteristics and Commercial Operating Experience with High Temperature SCR NO x Catalyst", Environmental Progress, Vol. 13, No.4, pp. 221-225.
- the exhaust gas from a typical diesel engine can have a gas temperature that ranges from about 150°C all the way up to 600°C and perhaps even higher. This range arises from variations in the engine load with increasing load resulting in higher gas temperatures. No single catalyst has been found to be effective over this entire temperature range. Thus, NO x reduction has been limited for engines that operate under transient conditions wherein exhaust gas temperature can very over the entire range.
- the invention provides a new device and a new process addressing the above needs.
- a multi-stage NO x reduction system employs catalysts effective at different temperature ranges and has reagent injectors associated with each or a means for directing reagent to each.
- a controller moves reagent introduction from one catalyst to the other as temperature and other conditions dictate. Valving could redirect exhaust to particular catalyst zones, if necessary.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the invention. Description Of The Invention
- the invention relates to a new device and a new process addressing the above needs and is intended for use with diesel engines, but has applicability to any combustors having similar wide variations in exhaust gas temperatures, such as turbines, boilers, furnaces, process heaters, heat recovery units, and the like, utilizing carbonaceous, e.g., fossil or bio-derived, fuels such as distillates, residual and gaseous fuels.
- combustors having similar wide variations in exhaust gas temperatures, such as turbines, boilers, furnaces, process heaters, heat recovery units, and the like, utilizing carbonaceous, e.g., fossil or bio-derived, fuels such as distillates, residual and gaseous fuels.
- NO x - reducing reagent can, for example, be selected from the group consisting of ammelide, ammeline, ammonia, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbamate, ammonium cyanate, ammonium salts of inorganic acids, ammonium salts of organic acids, biuret, cyanuric acid, hexamethylenetetramine, isocyanic acid, lower alkyl amines, melamine, tricyanourea and urea.
- a diesel engine is fitted with two catalysts in series in the exhaust gas. Means for introducing the reagent for NO x reduction are provided at points upstream of each catalyst zone.
- the first catalyst (Low-Temp Catalyst Zone 1) could be of the LT -1 or LT -2 types as described in the above-cited paper by Heck, et al.
- the second catalyst (High-Temp Catalyst Zone 2) could be of the VNX or ZNX type as described by Heck, et al.
- the NO x reducing agent would be injected upstream of catalyst zone 1.
- Reduction in NO x emissions would be achieved over catalyst zone 1 and there would be little if any further reaction over catalyst 2.
- NO x reducing reagent e.g., NH 3 or the like
- An automatic control including a temperature sensor to detect the gas temperature, switches the location of reagent injection from catalyst zone 1 to catalyst zone 2. Following the switch, reduction of NO x is achieved over catalyst 2 that is effective for NOx reduction at a higher temperature, say in the range of 300-450°C.
- the reagent will be introduced into both the first and second zones.
- the utilization of reagent can be controlled to a highly efficient extent. Because reagent can be almost as expensive as fuel, this is a particularly advantageous embodiment, and the controller will take measured parameters and compare them to reference values to create control signals that can optimize reagent and fuel utilization while maximizing NO x reduction. If desired, feed back control can help assure maintenance of target values.
- control unit 679,603 is particularly well suited to be employed in the multiple catalyst system because of their small in size, an ability to operate without any secondary medium for atomization, such as air and it can be close-coupled to the catalyst zone.
- the control unit can also receive other control inputs as described in the above patents, which are incorporated herein by reference, and can control the fuel and air supply to the engine, and can control exhaust gas recirculation, EGR, as useful for NO x control and fuel economy as described in U. S. Patent No. 5,924,280.
- Figure 2 describes another embodiment, wherein a diesel engine exhaust is passed through a valve which directs exhaust gas flow to either low temperature catalyst No.1 of the precious metal or base metal (vanadium/titanium type) during low exhaust gas temperatures (350°F-800°F) such as described in SAE 2001-01-0519; or to high temperature catalyst No.2, typically of the zeolite type, for temperatures of 675 °F to 1100°F, based on an input from a temperature sensor in the exhaust stream upstream of the exhaust gas valve.
- low temperature catalyst No.1 of the precious metal or base metal vanadium/titanium type
- high temperature catalyst No.2 typically of the zeolite type
- Valves such as those used with exhaust gas recirculation are known to be able to operate in this environment. Temperature signals are fed to an engine control unit (ECU) or other suitable controller, which controls the valve to regulate the flow of exhaust gas between catalyst 1 or catalyst 2 based on exhaust gas temp or an engine signal, such as load, speed or rpm, as a predictor of exhaust gas temperature.
- ECU engine control unit
- Urea or other NO x reducing reagent is injected upstream of the valve for single injector systems or downstream of the valve but upstream of each separate catalyst zone for dual injector systems.
- valve In single or dual injector systems the valve can regulate exhaust gas flow, and reagent injection rate is controlled to maximize NO x reduction across either catalyst No, or catalyst No.2 or both in combination by regulating exhaust gas flow and injector feed rate of reagent.
- All of the references cited above are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties to show and describe the points illustrated herein, and should be taken as if fully and bodily incorporated. It is not intended to detail all of the possible modifications and variations which will become apparent to the skilled worker upon reading the description. It is intended, however, that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the invention which is seen in the above description and otherwise defined by the following claims. The claims are meant to cover the indicated elements and steps in any arrangement or sequence which is effective to meet the objectives intended for the invention, unless the context specifically indicates the contrary.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003299676A AU2003299676A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | NOx CONTROL FOR IC ENGINES |
EP03799961A EP1583714A4 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | NOx CONTROL FOR IC ENGINES |
US10/536,170 US20090004083A1 (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2005-06-17 | NOx control for IC engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US43433502P | 2002-12-17 | 2002-12-17 | |
US60/434,335 | 2002-12-17 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/536,170 Continuation US20090004083A1 (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2005-06-17 | NOx control for IC engines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004058642A1 true WO2004058642A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
Family
ID=32682027
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/040071 WO2004058641A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-16 | Nox control for ic engines |
PCT/US2003/040263 WO2004058642A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | NOx CONTROL FOR IC ENGINES |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/040071 WO2004058641A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-16 | Nox control for ic engines |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1583714A4 (en) |
AU (2) | AU2003299644A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2004058641A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008045499A2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-17 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Dual injector system for diesel emissions control |
DE112006003231T5 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-10-02 | Caterpillar Inc., Peoria | Multi-stage system for selective catalytic reduction |
US7805929B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2010-10-05 | Caterpillar Inc | Selective catalytic reduction system |
WO2014016616A1 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Method and apparatus for controlling an exhaust gas after-treatment system |
US9192892B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2015-11-24 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Selective dosing module control system |
EP3141718A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-15 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Asynchronous reductant insertion in aftertreatment systems |
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- 2003-12-17 WO PCT/US2003/040263 patent/WO2004058642A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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DE112006003231T5 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-10-02 | Caterpillar Inc., Peoria | Multi-stage system for selective catalytic reduction |
US7485272B2 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2009-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Multi-stage system for selective catalytic reduction |
US7805929B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2010-10-05 | Caterpillar Inc | Selective catalytic reduction system |
WO2008045499A2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-17 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Dual injector system for diesel emissions control |
US8109077B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2012-02-07 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Dual injector system for diesel emissions control |
CN104718356A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2015-06-17 | 珀金斯发动机有限公司 | Method and apparatus for controlling an exhaust gas after-treatment system |
WO2014016616A1 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Method and apparatus for controlling an exhaust gas after-treatment system |
US9192892B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2015-11-24 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Selective dosing module control system |
US9551251B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2017-01-24 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Selective dosing module control system |
US9677445B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2017-06-13 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Selective dosing module control system |
EP3141718A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-15 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Asynchronous reductant insertion in aftertreatment systems |
EP3470642A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2019-04-17 | Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc. | Asynchronous reductant insertion in aftertreatment systems |
US10364731B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2019-07-30 | Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. | Asynchronous reductant insertion in aftertreatment systems |
US10557397B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2020-02-11 | Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. | Asynchronous reductant insertion in aftertreatment systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003299644A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
WO2004058641A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
EP1583714A1 (en) | 2005-10-12 |
AU2003299676A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
EP1583714A4 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
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