WO2004114327A1 - Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors - Google Patents
Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004114327A1 WO2004114327A1 PCT/US2004/018532 US2004018532W WO2004114327A1 WO 2004114327 A1 WO2004114327 A1 WO 2004114327A1 US 2004018532 W US2004018532 W US 2004018532W WO 2004114327 A1 WO2004114327 A1 WO 2004114327A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulating layer
- insulated conductor
- twisted pair
- insulated
- conductive core
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 96
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013012 foaming technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/002—Pair constructions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/14—Supporting insulators
- H01B17/16—Fastening of insulators to support, to conductor, or to adjoining insulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/184—Sheaths comprising grooves, ribs or other projections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/185—Sheaths comprising internal cavities or channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/189—Radial force absorbing layers providing a cushioning effect
Definitions
- the present invention relates to insulated electrical conductors that may be used in data cables, such as twisted pair cables, and in particular to insulated conductors that are geometrically optimized for superior performance.
- Data and other communication cables such as, for example, shielded or unshielded twisted pair cables often include several insulated conductors for carrying electrical signals.
- FIG. 1 there is illustrated, in widthwise cross-section, one example of a conventional insulated conductor 100.
- the insulated conductor comprises a round metal core 102 surrounded by an insulating layer 104 that is also substantially circular in cross-section, as illustrated.
- an insulated conductor that comprises a conductive core and an insulating layer surrounding the metal core, wherein at least one of the insulating layer and the conductive core has an irregular, non-uniform or non-circular outer circumference.
- the insulated conductor comprises a metal core and an insulating layer surrounding the metal core, wherein the metal core is has an irregularly- shaped outer surface that defines a plurality of indentations spaced about a circumference of the metal core.
- the insulated conductor comprises a metal core and an insulating layer surrounding the metal core, the insulating layer including a plurality of fine filaments projecting outwardly from an outer surface of the insulating layer.
- a twisted pair of insulated conductors comprises a first insulated conductor comprising a first conductive core and a first insulation surrounding the first conductive core, and a second insulated conductor comprising a second conductive core and a second insulation surrounding the second conductive core.
- the first and second insulations are substantially non-circular, such that the first and second insulated conductors each have a substantially non-circular widthwise cross-section, and the first and second insulated conductors are twisted together to form the twisted pair.
- a twisted pair of insulated conductors comprises a first insulated conductor including a first metal core and a first insulating layer surrounding the first metal core, the first insulating layer comprising a first plurality of openings disposed about an outer surface of the first insulating layer and extending inward toward the first metal core, and a second insulated conductor including a second metal core and a second insulation layer surrounding the second metal core, the second insulating layer comprising a second plurality of openings disposed about an outer surface of the second insulating layer and extending inward toward the second metal core.
- the first and second insulated conductors are twisted together to form the twisted pair.
- a twisted pair of insulated conductors comprises a first insulated conductor including a first metal core, a first insulating layer surrounding the first metal core, and a second insulating layer surrounding the first insulating layer.
- the twisted pair further comprises a second insulated conductor including a second metal core, a third insulating layer surrounding the second metal core, and a fourth insulating layer surrounding the third insulating layer.
- the first and third insulating layers each is constructed to define at least one void within each of the first and third insulating layers, and the first and second insulated conductors are twisted together to form the twisted pair.
- a cable comprises a plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors, each twisted pair including a first insulated conductor and a second insulator conductor twisted together in a helical manner, wherein each of the first and second insulated conductor has a substantially non-circular widthwise cross-section.
- an insulated conductor comprises a metal core, and an insulation layer surrounding the metal core. The insulation layer comprises a first annular region of a first insulation material, the first annular region shaped so as to define a plurality of indentations along a circumference of the first annular region, a second annular region of the first insulation material, and a third annular region of a second insulation material.
- the first annular region is disposed adjacent the metal core and the plurality of indentations are disposed along an inner circumference of the first annular region, adjacent the metal core.
- the first annular region is disposed between the second and third annular regions such that the plurality of indentations are disposed along an interface between the first annular region and the second annular region.
- the first annular region is disposed between the second and third annular regions such that the plurality of indentations are disposed along an interface between the first annular region and the third annular region.
- a method of making a twisted pair of insulated conductors comprises abrading an outer surface of a first metal core so as to provide the first metal core with an irregularly-shaped outer surface having a first plurality of indentations, and surrounding the first metal core with a first insulating layer to provide a first insulated conductor.
- the method further includes abrading an outer surface of a second metal core so as to provide the second metal core with an irregularly-shaped outer surface having a second plurality of indentations, surrounding the second metal core with a second insulating layer to provide a second insulated conductor, and twisting together the first and second insulated conductors to form the twisted pair.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional diagram of a conventional round insulated conductor
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional diagram of a non-circular insulated conductor according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 a is a cross-sectional diagram of a non-circular insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated cond I uctor according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 a is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5b is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional diagram of a twisted pair of the insulated conductors of FIG. 5b according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cable including four twisted pairs of the insulated conductors of FIG. 7;
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional diagram of a dual-layer insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional diagram of a dual-layer insulated conductor according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional diagram of a dual-layer insulated conductor according to yet another embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor including a shaped conductor, according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional diagram of an insulated conductor including a shaped conductor, according to another embodiment of the invention.
- the insulated conductor 110 comprises a metal core (conductive core) 112 surrounded by an insulation layer 114.
- the metal core 112 may be a solid wire or wire strands of any suitable metal, such as, for example, copper.
- the insulation layer 114 may be any suitable insulating or dielectric material, such as a plastic material, for example, a polyolefin, a fluoropolymer and the like.
- the insulation layer 114 of this embodiment of the invention has a non-circular, oval or oblong shape in widthwise cross-section, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the term "widthwise cross- section” is intended to mean a cross-section taken, perpendicular to a length of the cable, across a width of the cable.
- the insulation layer 114 comprises thinner portions 116 as compared to a conventional round insulation layer, indicated by circle 118.
- This oval construction of the insulation layer 114 enables the insulated conductor 110 to be manufactured more cheaply than conventional insulated conductors because the insulated conductor 110 uses comparatively less insulation material for the insulation layer 114 (for same size metal cores 102, 112).
- the difference in volume of insulation material volume for insulation layer 114 compared with conventional insulation layer 104 may be about 3%.
- the oval-shaped insulation layer may result in improved electrical performance of the insulated conductor 110 compared to the conventional insulated conductor 100.
- the twisting operation imparts a helical twist into each conductor which causes the major axes of the conductors to periodically contact each other. This provides a back- tensioning effect between each conductor after twist, reducing air gap variability.
- periodic interfacing of major axes of the insulated conductors helps to provide a more restrained geometric equilibrium between the effective conductor center-to-center spacing. This enhanced equilibrium effect and uniform air gap results in a smoother impedance variability over the operating frequency range of the cable.
- the twist period is often a fraction of an inch, impact on any variations on the return loss of the twisted pair may occur at frequencies significantly above the operating frequency of the cable.
- an insulated conductor 120 comprises the metal core 112 surrounded by a differently-shaped non-circular insulating layer 122.
- the insulating layer 122 is substantially oval-shaped in widthwise cross- section, having two "cut-outs" or indentations 124a, 124b located in opposing sides of the insulating layer, as illustrated in FIG. 3 a.
- the cut-outs 124a, 124b result in a cheaper construction of the insulated conductor 120 compared to a conventional insulated conductor because the insulating layer 122 uses comparatively less material. It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the example illustrated in FIG. 3 a.
- the non-circular insulating layer 122 may be configured to define more or fewer than two indentations 124a, 124b, and the indentations may not be concave, as illustrated, but may instead have, for example, a rectangular or other shape.
- the indentations 124a, 124b may be referred to as "cut-outs" for the purposes of this description, they are not necessarily formed by cutting material out of the insulating layer 122, but may be formed by, for example, extruding the insulating layer 122 using a die to provide the indentations, or in another suitable way.
- the insulating layer 122 may not be substantially oval, as illustrated in FIG. 3 a, but may have another shape.
- an insulated conductor 126 including the metal core 112 surrounded by a non-circular insulating layer 128.
- the non-circular insulating layer 128 defines an indentation 124.
- the insulating layer 128 may be constructed to define more than one indentation 124.
- the insulated conductor 130 includes a metal core 112 surrounded by an insulating layer 132.
- the insulating layer 132 is constructed having a plurality of projections 134 so as to define a plurality of openings 136 spaced about an outer circumference of the insulating layer 132.
- the insulated conductor 130 has a striated appearance on its outer surface.
- the openings 136 are shaped and arranged to reduce the effective dielectric constant of the insulating layer 132 by a predetermined amount.
- a conventional insulating layer 104 has a dielectric constant that is determined by the material of which the insulating layer 104 is comprised.
- NKT Near-end cross talk
- twisted pairs of insulated conductors i.e., interference of noise from one twisted pair with the signal carried on another twisted pair
- the capacitance unbalance between the conductors of adjacent twisted pairs is directly dependent on the capacitance unbalance between the conductors of adjacent twisted pairs, which is in turn proportional to the dielectric constant of the material between the conductors.
- an insulation layer 140 of an insulated conductor 144 may be provided with one or more outwardly projecting fins 142. It is to be understood that while the fins 142 are illustrated in cross-section in FIG. 5a, the fins 142 extend along the length of the insulated conductor and form helical ridges when the insulated conductor 144 is twisted together with another insulated conductor 144 to form a twisted pair. The fins 142 cause a physical separation between the two conductors, creating a gap between the two conductors of the twisted pair.
- the fins 142 help to maintain a constant gap between the two conductors, whereas when two conventional, round insulated conductors are twisted together, there is generally some variation in the gap between the two conductors, as discussed above. Due to helical nature of twisting, the fins may periodically abut one another. The fins may undergo some degree of compression when they abut one another, the degree of compression depending, at least in part, on the insulation material used. This compression may serve to provide a counterbalance of force between the conductors, depending on the elastomeric properties of the insulation.
- the shape of the fins can be designed to provide a linear back-force or, as in an apex, a non-linear back-force with respect to conductor-to-conductor proximity.
- the invention is not limited to the insulated conductor illustrated in FIG. 5 a, and includes many variations on the number, size and shape of the fins 142.
- FIG. 5b another example of an insulated conductor having an insulation layer 146 that defines four fins 148 that each has a slightly asymmetrical shape.
- FIG. 6 there is illustrated one example, in cross-section, of a twisted pair of the insulated conductors of FIG. 5b. As illustrated, the fins 148 of each conductor of the twisted pair may abut against each other, such that the conductors form an intra- locked pair 147. Conventional round insulated conductors have a tendency to untwist once they have been twisted together to form a twisted pair.
- the fins 148 inhibit untwisting of the intra-locked pair 147 by providing a resistive force to any untwisting.
- using the fins 148 may obviate the need for a back-twisting machine or other apparatus used to prevent untwisting of conventional twisted pairs, although such an apparatus could still be used to backtwist the insulated conductors.
- the fins 148 do not need to completely intra-lock; as long as the fins from one conductor contact the fins of the other conductor, there may be provided sufficient resistance to inhibit untwisting.
- each conductor rotates in the same direction during twist and the ratchet-like fins may be orientated to provided the least resistance to the direction of twist. Conversely, greater resistance occurs if the conductors were to twist in the opposite direction (i.e., attempt to untwist), thereby impeding untwisting.
- the insulating layer 152 comprises a plurality of fine, hair-like filaments 154 extending from an outer surface of the insulating layer 152.
- the filaments 154 may provide separation between the two insulated conductors.
- the filaments 154 may intertwine to create a "mesh insulating region" that has a lower effective dielectric constant than a solid material.
- the filaments 154 thus may act as a continuance of a lower dielectric constant version of insulation material between the conductors, having micro-gaps of air.
- the lower effective dielectric constant between the conductors may yield a lower variability of capacitance for a similar change in conductor- to-conductor spacing, thereby minimizing the electrical effects of micro-movement between the conductors.
- the solid portion of the insulating layer may be thinner than a conventional round insulating layer because the filaments cause additional space between the conductors.
- FIG. 8 there is illustrated in FIG. 8, one embodiment of a four-pair, twisted pair cable 160 comprising twisted pairs 162 of the insulated conductors 150 of FIG. 7.
- the twisted pairs 162 are surrounded by a jacket 164 that may comprise any suitable jacketing material.
- the dotted lines 165 indicate an approximate outer circumference of the twisted pairs 162.
- FIG. 8 is intended to illustrate a generic twisted pair cable using the insulated conductors of the invention.
- the cable 160 could, of course, comprise twisted pairs of any of the various embodiments of insulated conductors described herein, and could comprise more or fewer than four twisted pairs.
- an insulated conductor 170 may comprise a metal core 112 and an insulating layer 172 that defines a plurality of indentations 174 that result in an uneven outer circumference of the insulating layer 172, as illustrated in FIG. 9.
- the insulated conductor 170 may further comprise a second insulating layer 176 that surrounds the first insulating layer 172.
- the combination of the two insulating layers, 172, 176 results in the indentations 174 being closed cells spaced along an interface between the first and second insulating layers.
- the second insulating layer may be a thin film, as illustrated in FIG. 9.
- the closed cells 174 may be formed by, for example, extruding a single layer of insulation having gaps therein which provide the closed cells 174.
- the insulating layers may comprise, for example, any non- conductive material, preferably one having a low dielectric constant.
- the second insulating layer may have a similar thickness to that of the first insulating layer 172, as illustrated in FIG. 10.
- the total combined thickness of the dual-layer insulation (comprising the first and second insulating layers) may be substantially similar to the thickness of a conventional round insulation layer 104 (see FIG. 1).
- the presence of the closed cells 174 reduces the amount of material (and cost) and reduces the effective dielectric constant of the dual-layer insulation by providing pockets of air within the insulation.
- lowering the effective dielectric constant of the insulation has advantages in that the NEXT between adjacent twisted pairs within a cable, and attenuation is proportionally reduced.
- first and second insulating layers 172, 176 may be formed of the same material or may comprise different materials. Many combinations of materials are possible, for example, plenum cables may use a fluoropolymer layer, such as FEP, in combination with a non-fluorocarbon (such as polyethylene), for lower smoke generation. Desired results may be obtained by varying ratios of materials.
- the number and size of the indentations (closed cells) 174 may vary depending on a desired effective dielectric constant of the dual-layer insulation and on product safety considerations, such as, flammability and smoke generation.
- the closed cells 174 may be evenly or non-uniformly spaced about the outer circumference of the first insulating layer and may be similarly or varyingly sized.
- the first insulating layer 172 may be formed by extrusion, as known to those of skill in the art, and the indentations 174 may be formed by selecting a suitably shaped die for the extrusion process.
- FIG. 11 there is illustrated another embodiment of an insulated conductor 190 having a dual-layer insulation, according to the invention.
- the insulated conductor 190 may comprise a metal core 112 surrounded by a first insulating layer 192 and a second insulating layer 196.
- the first insulating layer 192 may be constructed (e.g., extruded using a suitable die) to define a plurality of openings or indentations 194 spaced about an inner circumference of the first insulating layer 192.
- the plurality of indentations 194 form a plurality of open cells (with respect to the insulating layer 192) adjacent the metal core 112.
- the open cells serve to reduce the effective dielectric constant of the first insulating layer 192 which may advantageously reduce NEXT between adjacent twisted pairs of the insulated conductors 190, as well as attenuation and signal propagation time.
- Some conventional cables comprise a dual-layer insulation wherein the inner layer is a foamed material, as illustrated in FIG. 12.
- a foamed first layer 197 may be mechanically and structurally less robust than a solid layer due to the random or pseudorandom placement of air pockets throughout the foamed layer 197.
- an additional step of forcing gas into the insulation material is used during manufacture of the cable.
- the insulated conductors of the invention for example, those illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, can achieve many of the same benefits of reduced material and lower effective dielectric constant that result from having the air pockets, but can also have a solid first insulation layer that may be mechanically stronger and easier and cheaper to manufacture than a conventional insulated conductor having a foamed layer of insulation.
- an insulated conductor may comprise a metal core having an irregularly-shaped outer surface surrounded by an insulation layer, as illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14.
- the metal core 200 may be formed so as to define a plurality of openings 206 spaced along a circumference of the metal core 200, as shown in FIG. 13.
- the metal core 204 may have a striated appearance, as shown in FIG. 14.
- the irregularly-shaped cores 200, 204 may allow for a better bond between the material of insulation layer 202 by providing a rough/larger surface area to which the insulation layer 202 can adhere. It is to be appreciated that with either of the shaped cores illustrated in FIGS.
- the insulating layer 202 may overlay the openings or may partially or completely fill the openings. Whether the insulating layer 202 covers or fills the openings may depend upon the material used to form the insulating layer and the pressure at which the insulating layer is extruded over the metal cores, among other factors.
- the irregularly-shaped cores may be formed using any of a variety of manufacturing methods. For example, the conductors (cores) may be scored using a 'pre-die' during the extrusion operation. Alternatively, the conductors may be 'micro-pitted,' this being done in an operation similar to sand blasting.
- These deformations of the metal cores may be used to hold pockets of air to thereby create a lower effective dielectric constant of the insulation surrounding the cores, or to provide for better adhesion of the insulating layer to the conductive core, as discussed above.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0600622A GB2419029B (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2004-06-10 | Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/465,017 | 2003-06-19 | ||
US10/465,017 US20040256139A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2003-06-19 | Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004114327A1 true WO2004114327A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
Family
ID=33517412
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2004/018532 WO2004114327A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2004-06-10 | Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US20040256139A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2419029B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004114327A1 (en) |
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JP2007027040A (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-01 | Fujikura Ltd | Electric cable |
CN105336423A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-17 | 曹波 | Light precursor cable |
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US6074503A (en) | 1997-04-22 | 2000-06-13 | Cable Design Technologies, Inc. | Making enhanced data cable with cross-twist cabled core profile |
US20040256139A1 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2004-12-23 | Clark William T. | Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors |
US7622680B2 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2009-11-24 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Cable jacket with internal splines |
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US7473850B2 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2009-01-06 | Cable Components Group | High performance, multi-media cable support-separator facilitating insertion and removal of conductive media |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060207786A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
US20090071690A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
GB2419029A (en) | 2006-04-12 |
GB0600622D0 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
US20040256139A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
GB2419029B (en) | 2007-09-05 |
US7462782B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
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