WO2005029675A1 - バックアップ回路 - Google Patents
バックアップ回路 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005029675A1 WO2005029675A1 PCT/JP2003/011894 JP0311894W WO2005029675A1 WO 2005029675 A1 WO2005029675 A1 WO 2005029675A1 JP 0311894 W JP0311894 W JP 0311894W WO 2005029675 A1 WO2005029675 A1 WO 2005029675A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- power supply
- voltage
- backup
- supply terminal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C5/00—Details of stores covered by group G11C11/00
- G11C5/14—Power supply arrangements, e.g. power down, chip selection or deselection, layout of wirings or power grids, or multiple supply levels
- G11C5/141—Battery and back-up supplies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C5/00—Details of stores covered by group G11C11/00
- G11C5/14—Power supply arrangements, e.g. power down, chip selection or deselection, layout of wirings or power grids, or multiple supply levels
- G11C5/143—Detection of memory cassette insertion or removal; Continuity checks of supply or ground lines; Detection of supply variations, interruptions or levels ; Switching between alternative supplies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a backup circuit that retains information stored in a storage circuit in a digital circuit at the moment of a power interruption, and more particularly to a backup circuit that can be configured by a standard CMOS process.
- a backup circuit including a backup capacitor is provided between a power supply terminal and a digital circuit.
- Those with are known.
- the backup capacitor is charged, and when the voltage is cut off from the power supply terminal during a momentary power interruption, the voltage is digitalized by the charge in the backup capacitor. The information supplied to the circuit and stored in the storage circuit is retained.
- a diode is arranged between the power supply terminal and the backup capacitor in order to prevent the voltage charged in the backup capacitor from being externally supplied from the power supply terminal.
- the diode power supply terminal was connected to the power supply terminal, and the power supply terminal of the diode was connected to one of the terminals of the backup capacitor. In this case, the backflow of current from the backup capacitor to the power supply terminal is prevented.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a backup circuit which can be configured by a standard CMOS process and has a small circuit scale.
- the present invention is arranged between a digital circuit including a storage circuit and a power supply terminal for supplying power to the digital circuit, and the digital circuit is connected to the digital circuit upon a power interruption.
- a backup circuit having a backup capacitor for supplying an backup voltage and holding information stored in the storage circuit, wherein the power supply terminal is disposed between the power supply terminal and the backup capacitor;
- the power When the power is normally supplied to the digital circuit, it acts as a resistor.When the power is cut off, it acts as a diode that reverses the direction from the digital circuit to the power supply terminal.
- An element that can be configured is provided. With such a configuration, the circuit can be configured by a standard CMOS process, and the circuit scale can be reduced.
- the element is a MOS transistor, and a gate terminal of the MOS transistor is connected to a ground potential.
- the plurality of MOS transistors are connected in series.
- a transition means for transitioning the digital circuit to a low power consumption state when the voltage of the power supply terminal falls below a predetermined voltage. is there.
- the transition means is voltage detection means for detecting the voltage of the power supply terminal, and when the voltage falls below a predetermined voltage, the digital circuit is set to a standby state. It is a thing to shift.
- the transition means is an oscillator driven by a voltage supplied from the power supply terminal, and the digital circuit is driven by a clock signal output from the oscillator. Also, when the voltage supplied from the power supply terminal reaches a predetermined voltage, oscillation is stopped.
- a reset means for resetting the digital circuit when the voltage of the power supply terminal becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage.
- the reset means resets the digital circuit with a predetermined time delay after the voltage of the power supply terminal becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage. It was done. Brief Description of Drawings
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a MOS transistor used in the backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the cross-sectional structure of a disk.
- FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of the backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a backup circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital circuit to be backed up by the backup circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the backup circuit 10 includes p-MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 connected in series, a backup capacitor C 1, a voltage detection circuit 12, and a delay circuit 14.
- the power source terminal K1 of the MOS transistor MOS1 is connected to the power supply terminal TIN.
- the anode terminal A1 of the MOS transistor MOS1 is connected to the power source terminal K2 of the MOS transistor MS2.
- MOS transistor MO 3 1 of the gate terminal 0 1 is connected to a power supply terminal TGND.
- the power supply terminal T GND is a ground potential.
- An external power supply is connected to the power supply terminals TIN and TGND, and the voltage VI is supplied.
- the power source terminal K 2 of the MOS transistor MOS 2 is connected to the anode terminal A 1 of the MOS transistor MOS 1.
- Anode terminal A 2 of MOS transistor MOS 2 is connected to power supply terminal VDD of digital circuit 20.
- the gate terminal G2 of the MOS transistor MOS 2 is connected to the power supply terminal TGND.
- the MOS transistors M ⁇ S 1 and MOS 2 are connected in series between the power supply terminal T IN and the power supply terminal VDD of the digital circuit 20.
- the MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 function as resistors when power is normally supplied from the outside, and the digital circuit 20 operates when the power is cut off. This element works as a diode with the direction to the power supply terminal T IN being reversed.
- One terminal of the backup capacitor C1 is connected to a connection point between the anode terminal A2 of the MOS transistor MOS2 and the power supply terminal VDD of the digital circuit 20.
- One terminal of the backup capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply terminal TGND.
- the backup capacitor C1 is charged with the power supply voltage supplied from the power supply terminals T IN and TGND to the power supply terminal VDD of the digital circuit 20.
- the voltage detection circuit 12 detects the voltage between the power supply terminals T IN and TGND, and generates a signal for shifting the digital circuit 20 to a low power state (standby state).
- the output of the voltage detection circuit 12 is input to the standby terminal STANBY of the digital circuit 20.
- the digital circuit 20 stops supplying power to a CPU (arithmetic unit) and the like provided therein, and the digital circuit 20 Move 0 to low power state.
- the storage element such as the ROM inside the digital circuit 20 holds the information stored by the voltage supplied from the power supply terminal VDD of the digital circuit 20.
- the delay circuit 14 generates a delay signal obtained by delaying the output signal of the voltage detection circuit 12.
- the output signal of the delay circuit 14 is supplied to the reset terminal RESET of the digital circuit 20.
- the digital circuit 20 resets the internal CPU and the like, and resumes the operation of the digital circuit 20.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a sectional structure of an MO transistor used in the backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
- N-WELLm2 and m2 which are separated from each other, are arranged on the P-SUB substrate m1, and the P + diffusion m4, m5, It is configured by arranging m6, m7 and gate electrodes m8, m9, and can be easily configured by a standard CMOS process.
- FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 are normally in the ON state because the gate terminals of the MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 are connected to the ground potential. It acts as a resistor and supplies the voltage supplied to the power supply terminals TIN and TGND to the digital circuit 20 with almost no voltage drop.
- the resistance in the ON state of one MOS transistor is 2 ⁇
- the resistance value of the two MOS transistors MOS1 and MOS2 is 4 ⁇ .
- the current flowing through MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 is 10 mA
- the voltage drop at MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 is only 04V.
- the voltage V2 supplied to the power supply terminal VDD of the digital circuit 20 is only 0, compared to the external voltage V1 supplied to the power supply terminals TIN and TGND.
- the voltage is as low as 04 V.
- MOS transistor MS2 does not operate as a MOS transistor.
- + Diffusion 1117 and — £ 1 ⁇ 1113 Operates as a diode, and MOS transistor MOS 1 also operates as a diode with P + diffusion m5 and N—WELLm2.
- the storage device of the digital circuit 20 is composed of, for example, a flip-flop or a RAM, and these storage devices can maintain information even when the power supply voltage drops to about 0.5 V.
- the backup circuit 10 of the present embodiment Therefore, by maintaining the power supply voltage supplied to the digital circuit 20 at about 1.2 V, which is the voltage of two forward voltages of the diode, the flip-flop inside the digital circuit can be stored in the RAM. Can be maintained. This allows the digital circuit 20 to operate normally even after recovery from the momentary power interruption.
- a storage device can maintain information even when the power supply voltage drops to about 0.5 V.
- only one MOS transistor may be used.
- the power supply voltage is set to about 1.2 V, and the storage device is Even if there is a variation in the information, information is maintained.
- the diode functions as a resistor when power is normally supplied from the outside, and as a diode that reverses the direction from the digital circuit 20 to the power supply terminal TIN when power is cut off.
- the P-MOS transistors MOS1 and MOS2, which work, are connected to the power supply terminal TIN and the power supply terminal VDD of the digital circuit 20. Since MOS transistors can be configured by a standard MOS process, they can be integrated on the same semiconductor chip as digital circuits. In addition, MOS transistors have almost no voltage drop under normal circumstances. Furthermore, at the moment of a power interruption, it functions as a diode, so that backflow from the backup capacitor in the direction of the power supply terminal can be prevented.
- MOS transistor has been described as a p-MOS, it can be configured using an n-MOS.
- the voltage detection circuit 12 sets the digital circuit 20 in a low power consumption state in the event of a momentary power failure, so that the backup capacitor C 1 that backs up the power supply voltage extends the time during which the power supply voltage is held. I have.
- the delay circuit 14 outputs a delay after the delay time of the delay circuit after returning from the momentary power interruption. It is provided to supply a reset signal to the digital circuit 20. As a result, even in the case of a digital circuit that may become unstable after returning from a momentary power interruption, it can be stabilized at the time of recovery.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of the backup circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
- an inverter MOS circuit INV 1 is used as the voltage detection circuit 12, and an inverter MOS circuit INV 2 is used as the delay circuit 14.
- the output of the inverter M ⁇ S circuit I N V 1 changes from low level to high level when the voltage V 1 of the power supply terminals T IN and TGND becomes 0 V at time t 3 in FIG.
- the digital circuit 20 shifts to the standby state and shifts to the low power consumption state.
- Inverter MOS circuit INV2 delays an input signal, and a plurality of inverters are connected in series. At time t1 in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the output of the inverter MOS circuit INV1 changes from low level to high level, and the digital circuit 20 sets the input signal of the reset terminal RESET from high to low. Assuming that the internal CPU and so on are reset in the event of a change, the number of inverters in the M ⁇ ⁇ S circuit INV 2 is an even number. In the digital circuit 20 that becomes unstable when returning after a momentary power failure, the delay is delayed until the instability is resolved.
- the delay time of a single inverter is, for example, 10 ns
- the number of inverters connected in series is set so that the delay time required until the digital circuit 20 stabilizes can be secured. . If this delay time is long, connect a capacitor C 2 to the output of the inverter MOS circuit INV 2 as shown in the figure, and secure the delay time only for the charge time of this capacitor C 2. You can also
- the present embodiment when the voltage supplied from the power supply terminal decreases, it is possible to prevent the backflow of the current from the backup capacitor to the power supply terminal. Moreover, it can be manufactured using the standard CMOS process. is there. Further, the circuit scale can be reduced.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a backup circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital circuit backed up by a backup circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.
- the backup circuit 1 OA includes p-MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2, a backup capacitor C 1, and an oscillator 16 connected in series.
- the operations of the p-MOS transistors MOS 1 and MOS 2 and the backup capacitor C 1 are the same as those shown in FIG.
- the oscillator 16 operates by the voltage between the power supply terminals TIN and TGND, and outputs a clock signal from the clock terminal CLK.
- the clock signal is supplied to a clock terminal CLK of the digital circuit 20.
- the oscillator 16 automatically stops oscillating when the voltage across the power supply terminals TIN and TGND decreases.
- the digital circuit 2 OA includes a program counter 21, a ROM 22, a register group 23, a computing unit 24, and an input / output circuit 25.
- Program counter 21 manages the execution of the program by repeatedly cycling from 0 to the maximum value.
- the ROM 22 outputs a program stored in advance according to the output of the program counter 21.
- the program code output from the ROM 22 is sent to the register group 23, the arithmetic unit 24, and the input / output circuit 25 via the control code bus CCB.
- the register group 23 temporarily holds data, the arithmetic unit 24 executes calculations, and the input / output circuit 25 performs input / output.
- the exchange of data between the register group 23, the computing unit 24, and the input / output circuit 25 is performed via a data bus DB.
- the clock signal input from the oscillator 16 in FIG. 5 is supplied to the program counter 21, the ROM 22, the register group 23, the computing unit 24, and the input / output circuit 25, respectively.
- the digital circuit to which the operating clock is supplied from the oscillator 43 The A program counter 21, ROM 22, register group 23, computing unit 24, and I / O circuit 25 also stop operating and enter the low power consumption state.
- the digital circuit 2 OA since the digital circuit 2 OA circulates the program counter 21 and operates the program cyclically, even if the power supply is momentarily interrupted and the program operation runs away, it always returns because it is a cyclic operation. . That is, it is possible to return without performing the reset operation.
- the present embodiment when the voltage supplied from the power supply terminal decreases, it is possible to prevent the backflow of the current from the backup capacitor to the power supply terminal. In addition, it can be manufactured using the standard CMOS process. Further, the circuit scale can be reduced. Industrial applicability
- the circuit can be configured by the standard CMOS process, and the circuit scale can be reduced.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003268647A AU2003268647A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Backup circuit |
PCT/JP2003/011894 WO2005029675A1 (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | バックアップ回路 |
JP2005509044A JP3944226B2 (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | バックアップ回路 |
CNA038267160A CN1792015A (zh) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | 后援电路 |
EP03748539.8A EP1672765B1 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Backup circuit |
US10/563,580 US7376040B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Backup circuit for holding information in a storage circuit when power cut-off occurs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/011894 WO2005029675A1 (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | バックアップ回路 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005029675A1 true WO2005029675A1 (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
Family
ID=34362491
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/011894 WO2005029675A1 (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | バックアップ回路 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7376040B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1672765B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3944226B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1792015A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003268647A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005029675A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008151723A (ja) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-07-03 | Meidensha Corp | 瞬時電圧低下検出装置 |
JP2008294988A (ja) * | 2007-05-28 | 2008-12-04 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | ワイヤレス送信器 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100739775B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-07-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전원 제어 장치 및 방법 |
CA2567562C (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2010-01-12 | Psion Teklogix Inc. | Supercapacitor backup power supply with bi-directional power flow |
US8692480B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2014-04-08 | Nxp B.V. | Power supply unit and method for controlling a power supply unit |
KR101633370B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-21 | 2016-06-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전원 제어 방법 및 이를 지원하는 휴대 단말기 |
JP5768016B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-25 | 2015-08-26 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | センサ装置 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH05276688A (ja) * | 1992-03-24 | 1993-10-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 2次電池の負荷回路 |
JP2638257B2 (ja) * | 1990-05-16 | 1997-08-06 | 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション | 制御電源の異常処理回路 |
JPH09322429A (ja) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-12 | Toshiba Corp | バックアップ処理回路 |
JPH10285832A (ja) | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-23 | Daikin Ind Ltd | データバックアップ装置 |
JP2001028845A (ja) * | 1999-07-13 | 2001-01-30 | Asahi Kasei Microsystems Kk | 電源切り替え回路 |
JP3363360B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-08 | 2003-01-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | センサ調整回路 |
JP2003258113A (ja) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-09-12 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | チャージポンプ装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
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JPS544608U (ja) * | 1977-06-10 | 1979-01-12 | ||
JPS55115729A (en) * | 1979-02-28 | 1980-09-05 | Toshiba Corp | Mos transistor circuit |
JPS5990275A (ja) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-05-24 | Toshiba Corp | カセツト式記憶装置 |
JPS63163612A (ja) * | 1986-12-26 | 1988-07-07 | Toshiba Corp | 制御電源回路 |
JPH02246740A (ja) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-10-02 | Toshiba Corp | 電源バックアップ回路 |
US5016223A (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1991-05-14 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Memory card circuit |
US5428252A (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1995-06-27 | Zilog, Inc. | Power supply interruption detection and response system for a microcontroller |
DE19817914C1 (de) * | 1998-04-17 | 1999-08-12 | Moeller Gmbh | Gleichspannungsnetzteil |
JP2001327101A (ja) | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Nec Corp | バックアップ回路 |
JP2002015571A (ja) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-18 | Toshiba Corp | 電源電圧制限回路 |
FI109435B (fi) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-07-31 | Iws Int Oy | Virransäästökytkennällä varustettu kulkuneuvon hajautettu virranjakelujärjestelmä |
-
2003
- 2003-09-18 AU AU2003268647A patent/AU2003268647A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-18 CN CNA038267160A patent/CN1792015A/zh active Pending
- 2003-09-18 WO PCT/JP2003/011894 patent/WO2005029675A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-09-18 EP EP03748539.8A patent/EP1672765B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-18 US US10/563,580 patent/US7376040B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-18 JP JP2005509044A patent/JP3944226B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2638257B2 (ja) * | 1990-05-16 | 1997-08-06 | 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション | 制御電源の異常処理回路 |
JPH05276688A (ja) * | 1992-03-24 | 1993-10-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 2次電池の負荷回路 |
JPH09322429A (ja) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-12 | Toshiba Corp | バックアップ処理回路 |
JPH10285832A (ja) | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-23 | Daikin Ind Ltd | データバックアップ装置 |
JP3363360B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-08 | 2003-01-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | センサ調整回路 |
JP2001028845A (ja) * | 1999-07-13 | 2001-01-30 | Asahi Kasei Microsystems Kk | 電源切り替え回路 |
JP2003258113A (ja) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-09-12 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | チャージポンプ装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008151723A (ja) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-07-03 | Meidensha Corp | 瞬時電圧低下検出装置 |
JP2008294988A (ja) * | 2007-05-28 | 2008-12-04 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | ワイヤレス送信器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1792015A (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
US20060158036A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
EP1672765B1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
JPWO2005029675A1 (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
AU2003268647A1 (en) | 2005-04-11 |
JP3944226B2 (ja) | 2007-07-11 |
US7376040B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 |
EP1672765A1 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
EP1672765A4 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
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